16 Chemistry in Everyday Life Intext Questions Question 1. Sleeping pills a re recommen ded by doct ors to the pa tients suffering from sleeplessness but it is not advisable to take its doses withoutconsultation with the doctor. Why? Consider the effect of tranquili zers or antid epr essants on the nervous system. Solution. Sleepi ng pills contain drugs tha t may be tranqui li zers or antidepressants. They affect the nervous system, relieve anxiety, stress, irr itabili ty or excitement . But they should str ictl y be used under the supervision of a doctor. If not, the uncontrolled and over dosage can cause harm to the body and mind because in higher doses these drugs act as poisons. Question 2. With referenc e to which classi fication has the statement, ‘‘rantidine is an antacid’’ been given? Solution. This stateme nt refers to the classificat ion of drugs according to pharmaco logical effe ct because it neutrali zes the acidity (excess) of stomach. Question 3. Why do we requir e artificial sweete ning agent s? Me nt ion the function of natural sweeteners, discuss the same for artificial sweete ners. Solution. Natur al sweeteners (sucrose et c.) provide calori es to the body. Taking extra calories is harmful for diabetic patients. So, artificial sweeteners are used (a) to control intake of calor ies and (b) as a substitute of sugar for diabetics. Question 4. Write the chemical equation for prepa ring sodium soap from glyceryl oleate and glyceryl palmitate. Structural formulae of these compounds are given below. (i) (C H COO) 15 31 3 C H 3 5 - Glyceryl palmitate (ii) ( ) C H COO C H - Gl yceryl ol ea te 17 33 3 5 3 Consider the following method Glyceryl ester + → NaO H Sodiumsalt or soap + Gl yc erol CHOCO CH OCO CH OCO NaOH 2 2 R R R + → CHOH CH OH CH OH COONa 2 2 soap + R
