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NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter Technical Instruction Manual Issue 2.1 .......................... 24 April 2006 Nautel Limited 10089 Peggy's Cove Road, Hackett's Cove, NS, Canada B3Z 3J4 T.+1.902.823.2233 F.+1.902.823.3183 [email protected] U.S. customers please contact: Nautel Maine, Inc. 201 Target Industrial Circle, Bangor ME 04401 T.+1.207.947.8200 F.+1.207.947.3693 [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] www.nautel.com © Copyright 2006 NAUTEL. All rights reserved.

NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

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Page 1: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter Technical Instruction Manual Issue 2.1 .......................... 24 April 2006 Nautel Limited 10089 Peggy's Cove Road, Hackett's Cove, NS, Canada B3Z 3J4 T.+1.902.823.2233 F.+1.902.823.3183 [email protected] U.S. customers please contact: Nautel Maine, Inc. 201 Target Industrial Circle, Bangor ME 04401 T.+1.207.947.8200 F.+1.207.947.3693 [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] www.nautel.com © Copyright 2006 NAUTEL. All rights reserved.

Page 2: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast
Page 3: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

NE30 Technical Manual Apr.24.06

Table of Contents 1 INTRODUCTION 2 SAFETY HAZARDS 2.1 Electrical Hazard 2.2 Toxic Hazard 3 UNPACKING 4 CONTROLS AND CONNECTORS 5 INSTALLATION 5.1 Frequency Setting 5.2 Output Power 5.3 Forward Power Alarm 5.4 Modulator Input Level 5.5 VSWR Cut-Back Level 5.6 Ac Input Voltage 6 BLOCK DIAGRAM 7 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 7.1 Introduction 7.2 PLL Modulator Unit

7.2.1 SCA/Input Board 7.2.2 PLL7 Modulator Board

7.3 FMTX-PSU Dc-Dc Converter 7.4 30 W Power Amplifier 7.5 FMTXDIS Distribution Board 8 DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY 9 HOW TO CONTACT NAUTEL

Page 4: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

NE30 Technical Manual Apr.24.06

LIST OF TABLES 4-1 Front Panel Controls and Connectors 4-2 Rear Panel Controls and Connectors

LIST OF FIGURES 6-1 Block Diagram 7-1 Electrical Schematic - SCA/Input Board 7-2 Electrical Schematic - PLL7 Modulator Board 7-3 Electrical Schematic - FMTX-PSU Dc-Dc Converter 7-4 Electrical Schematic - 30 Watt Power Amplifier 7-5 Electrical Schematic - FMTXDIS Distribution Board 7-6 Flow Diagram - Power Supply 7-7 Wiring Diagram (Sheet 1 of 2) 7-8 Wiring Diagram (Sheet 2 of 2)

Page 5: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

NE30 Technical Manual Apr.24.06

Release Control Record Issue Date Reason

2.0 13 April 2006 PLL7 board and other upgrades 2.1 24 April 2006 Correct page numbering in section 7

Page 6: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast
Page 7: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

NE30 Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1

NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION

The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast exciter. The NE30 can be used in conjunction with most of the FM transmitters offered by Nautel, or as a stand alone low power transmitter. Frequency adjustment is easily achieved through internally set direct reading dial switches. The NE30 uses an ultra linear modulator to give superb sound reproduction with freedom from over overshoots and artifacts. The NE30 will also operate into any load without damage thanks to its VSWR cut-back circuit, which protects the power amplifier stage from adverse operating conditions. The NE30 front panel meter shows forward and reflected power together with internal voltages and the modulation level. The desired parameter of the NE30 can be viewed simply by using the selector rotary switch. Additionally, monitor points for RF output and input are provided. Quick-view status monitoring using dual color LEDs, indicate that PLL lock, forward power and reflected power are within a present tolerance when green. The NE30 rear panel includes a remote control/monitoring socket that allows carrier muting and open-collector status signaling to an external system.

Very conservatively rated components ensure extremely high reliability. Additionally, a switch mode dc-dc converter is used to allow for a wide ac input voltage range. The use of this converter also results in high efficiency. The NE30 has one balanced/unbalanced (selectable) wideband composite input; three unbalanced SCA inputs; and one balanced mono input.

Page 8: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast
Page 9: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

NE30 Technical Manual Page 2-1 Section 2 Safety Hazard Issue 2.1

NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 2 SAFETY HAZARD

2.1 Electrical Hazard

WARNING This unit contains high voltages, which could be fatal. You must always isolate the unit from the main supply by completely disconnecting it before attempting to open the unit.

NOTE This equipment must be earth grounded. Do not expose this equipment to rain or any other source of water. Similar to all mains operated equipment, only suitably trained personnel should attempt to adjust, modify or repair this equipment or operate it with the cover removed. In case of any questions please contact your local agent or Nautel directly. Any unauthorized adjustment, modification or repair of this equipment may invalidate any warranty and/or safety approvals that apply. Please read this entire manual carefully, and familiarize yourself with the controls before attempting to use this equipment. To ensure safety, it is the responsibility of the user to install and operate this equipment in a manner that is within manufacturer specifications.

2.2 Toxic Hazard

WARNING This equipment includes devices that contain Beryllium Oxide, which is a highly toxic substance. Inhalation or ingestion of even tiny particles could be injurious to health or even FATAL! Extreme care must be exercised when replacing and discarding components that may contain Beryllium Oxide. If any such device is physically damaged you should seek expert advice, e.g. by contacting the device manufacturer. All such devices must be disposed of in accordance with local regulations.

NOTE Never dispose of a device containing Beryllium Oxide with general waste.

Page 10: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast
Page 11: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

NE30 Technical Manual Page 3-1 Section 3 Unpacking Issue 2.1

NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 3 UNPACKING

THIS PACKAGE SHOULD CONTAIN: 1 - NE30 Broadcast Exciter/Transmitter 1 - NE30 Manual *Ac cord supplied with TX or kit

Page 12: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast
Page 13: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

NE30 Technical Manual Page 4-1 Section 4 Controls and Connectors Issue 2.1

NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 4 CONTROLS AND CONNECTORS

Table 4-1: Front Panel Controls and Connectors Item Description A) PLL LOCK LED Will be green when the modulator is functioning correctly.

B) P. FWD LED Will be green when the RF output level is above a

predetermined level, and will be red when below that predetermined level (refer to installation section). It will be orange when the exciter mute is active.

C) P. REF LED Will be green while the reflected power is below a predetermined level (refer to installation section). It will be red when the VSWR cut-back system is operating.

D) I/P MON (Input Monitor)

Monitor of multiplexed (baseband) signal.

E) LIMIT LED Will be green when the internal limiter option is limiting the audio input level.

F) O/P MON (Output Monitor)

Monitor of RF output (approximately –40 dB). This point should not be used for harmonic measurements.

G) Meter and Selector Selects and indicates DEV (Deviation), V.REG (Regulated Voltage), V.UNREG (Unregulated Voltage), P.FWD (Forward Power) and P.REF (Reflected Power).

A

B

C D

E

F

G

Page 14: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

Page 4-2 NE30 Technical Manual Issue 2.1 Section 4 Controls and Connectors

Table 4-2: Rear Panel Controls and Connectors Item Description H) INPUT MIXER (Audio) All inputs have level adjustment potentiometers. MONO input

No Limiter (XLR), COMPOSITE/MPX input (BNC), Unbalanced SCA1, SCA2 and SCA3 inputs (BNC).

I) CONTROL/MONITOR 25 pin female D-type connector: - Pin 1: Forward Power Alarm - Pin 2: Reflected Power Alarm - Pin 3: PLL Lock Alarm - Pin 4: Mute RF Output (link to ground) - Pin 5: Received Signal Alarm (NE30/RBRX) - Pin 25: Ground All outputs are open-collector and low in their normal state. The output transistors are BC184Ls, which can sink up to 100 mA maximum with an absolute maximum switched voltage of 30 V.

J) RF OUTPUT N-type female connector.

K) POWER ADJ Output power adjustment potentiometer.

L) MAINS POWER (AC) Filtered IEC male connector with fuse in pull out drawer. T2A for 220 - 240 V; T3.15A for 100 - 120 V.

I J K L

H

Page 15: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

NE30 Technical Manual Page 5-1 Section 5 Installation Issue 2.1

NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 5 INSTALLATION

RF leads should be made from high quality low loss cable and connectors of the correct impedance, using the manufacturers recommended termination techniques. Since connectors are a source of unreliability in any system, the number of terminations in any RF lead should be kept to a minimum. All other cables for audio and control signals should be high quality screened types. For XLR connectors, the screen should be connected to the connector body. Before normal operation of the NE30 can commence, the following parameters will require setting, assuming the equipment supplier has not done so. • Frequency Setting • Output Power • Forward Power Alarm • Modulator Input Level • VSWR Cut-Back Level • Ac Input Voltage

NOTE For NE30s purchased with Nautel Transmitters, no adjustments are necessary, excluding 'Modulator Input Level' if level is inadequate. Any unauthorized adjustment, modification or repair of this equipment may invalidate any warranty and/or safety approvals that apply. 5.1 Frequency Setting Setting the frequency is a simple operation. Direct reading dial switches are located on the PLL7 board.

Example: for a frequency of 98.35 MHz, set: • 10 MHz dial to 9 • 1 MHz dial to 8 • 100 kHz dial to 3 • 12.5 kHz dial to 4 (4 x 12.5 = 50 kHz) As the Phase Locked Loop is locking up, the modulator output is muted (indicated by the front panel PLL LOCK LED). When the NE30 is either powered up or the frequency changed, it will normally take about five seconds for the PLL to lock up. However, if the exciter frequency is changed from the upper end of the band to the lower end of the band with the unit in operation, it can take up to ten seconds for the PLL to lock up properly. 5.2 Output Power A small trimmer tool or precision screwdriver will be required to adjust the output power. The output power ideally should be set using an accurate power meter connected to the RF output, which in turn should be connected to an adequately rated dummy load. If either of these items is not available then the front panel meter could be used and/or it could be operated into the aerial or PA stage. In this later case, the rear panel output power control (POWER ADJ) should be set to minimum (fully counter-clockwise) before powering up the NE30. Connect the NE30 to the mains or dc supply and wait for the PLL to LOCK (the front panel LED indicates lock when green). Adjust the rear panel power adjust control (POWER ADJ) to the desired power level.

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Page 5-2 NE30 Technical Manual Issue 2.1 Section 5 Installation

5.3 Forward Power Alarm This setting defines the point at which the front panel P.FWD LED changes from green to red and also the point at which a forward power fault is indicated at the Control/ Monitor socket (for remote monitoring and/or operation of an automatic changeover system). Adjust the output power to the fault level required. This must always be less than the normal output power level by enough to prevent spurious triggering. 1 dB is an appropriate margin (80% of the correct full power). Adjust the P.FWD OK (RV4) control on the FMTXDIS board such that the front panel P.FWD LED just turns red from green. Finally, set the output power back to the normal output level. 5.4 Modulator Input Level The NE30 is normally supplied with the modulator input level set so that an input level of +8 dBu over the range 5 Hz to 100 kHz (without pre-emphasis) gives a deviation of 75 kHz. If a different level is required then it will be necessary to reset the ‘MOD LEVEL' control (VR2) on the PLL7 modulator board. To set it properly a deviation meter will be required. This should be connected to the front panel O/P MON (output monitor) socket. If a deviation meter is not available then the front panel meter should be used, though this will not be as accurate. Apply a 400 Hz sine wave at the level required for maximum deviation (normally 75 kHz). Adjust the VR2 control to give the required deviation.

NOTE

If an RDS/SCA unit is to be connected, its output level may need re-calibration.

5.5 VSWR Cut-Back Level This is the minimum RF output power that the NE30 will provide with a badly matched load such as a defective aerial. The reflected power threshold should never be set above 7.5 W to protect the power amplifier unit. It will be set to 4.5 W when supplied. To set a different value, turn the NE30 output power down to minimum, connect a power meter to the output and disconnect the dummy load or aerial. Remove jumper LK1 on the FMTXDIS board. Turn the output power up until the desired reflected power cutback level is obtained. Replace LK1 and adjust the CUTBACK control (RV2) such that the front panel P.REF LED just changes from red to green. Turn the output power up to full and if necessary, slightly adjust the CUTBACK control to reduce the cutback level to the value required. Decrease the output power to minimum and reconnect the dummy load or aerial. Finally, reset the forward power to the required level. 5.6 Ac Input Voltage Ac input voltage is that voltage supplied by the customer, and will be factory set. If the need arises to change the originally requested voltage from either 230 V to 115 V, or vice versa, contact your local agent or Nautel directly.

Page 17: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 6 BLOCK DIAGRAM

NE30 Technical Manual Page 6-1 Section 6 Block Diagram Issue 2.1

Figure 6-1: NE30 - 30 Watt FM Exciter

VDCREG

VDC

DEV.

METER

POWER

DC-DC

POWERAMP

UNREG

P.REF

AF/MPX IN

B2010096 V1

FREQUENCYSWITCH

LEVELAUDIO

LEDLOGIC

CUTBACK

CONTROLCUTBACK

PLL

OSCILLATOR

METERPWR FWD

PWR REF

CONVERTOR

V. REG

P. FWD

REFLECTOMETER

ALARM OUTPUTSREAR PANEL

EXT INHIBIT

RF OUT

RF MONITORINPUT MONITOR

AFAMP

LEVEL

BUFFERAMP

METERDRIVE

METER

V. UNREG

OPEN COLLECTOR

MUT

E CO

NTRO

L

LED DISPLAY

CONTROL PWB

FMTXDIS

CONTROL

RF OUTPUT

PLL MODULATOR UNIT

FMTX PSU

LOW PASSFILTER

PA UNIT

FRONT PANEL

POWER AND

Page 18: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast
Page 19: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

NE30 Technical Manual Page 7-1 Section 7 Functional Description Issue 2.1

NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 7 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

7.1 INTRODUCTION As Figure 6-1 - Block Diagram broadly illustrates, the NE30 exciter/transmitter is built around several distinct board modules. Most boards perform a separate, distinct function. The only minor exception is the separation of the digital and analog functions of the modulator onto two boards. To fully understand the operation of the NE30, you need to know how each board interconnects with other sections of the unit. 7.2 PLL MODULATOR UNIT 7.2.1 SCA/Input Board (Figure 7-1) The audio enters the SCA/Input board via any of the INPUT MIXER connectors (Composite/MPX, Mono, SCA1, SCA2 and/or SCA3). The Composite/MPX input (BNC) impedance is internally selectable between 22 kΩ or 75 Ω (S5 jumper). When S4 jumper is engaged, the MPX input is Unbalanced. IC U2-A/B and associated components condition the signal while R13 (external 'LEVEL' rear panel potentiometer) is used to adjust audio level. The Balanced Mono input (XLR) impedance is internally selectable between 22 kΩ or 600 Ω (S1 jumper). IC U1-A/B/C and associated components condition the signal while R5 (external 'LEVEL' rear panel potentiometer) is used to adjust audio level. The Unbalanced SCA1, SCA2 and SCA3 inputs have a selectable impedance as well. Jumpers S6, S7 and S8 (respectively) switch the impedance between 10 kΩ and 75 Ω when engaged. R24, R30 and R35 (respectively) serve as audio 'LEVEL' adjustment potentiometers, and are located externally on the rear panel. IC U1-D is used as a buffer for the MPX LOOP IN option. IC U2-C/D condition the multiplexed signal before it is sent to the PLL3-R board

via the MPX out pin J7-4. The I/P MON (input monitor) jack (BNC on front panel) gets its signal from this point also. 7.2.2 PLL7 Modulator Board (Figure 7-2) The frequency determining element is formed by coil L1 and varicap diodes VD1 and VD2, together with capacitors C17 through C20. These components are used as part of a cascade oscillator whose output is then buffered by transistor T3. The RF output of T3 is impedance matched to the base of transistor T5 by RFT1, a 4:1 matching transformer. The high power output of T5 is impedance matched by coils L2 and L3 and associated capacitors to the 50 Ω output socket CON1. These components also provide harmonic filtering. The PLL circuit is primarily IC2 which is a serially programmable PLL chip. Microprocessor IC3 reads the dial switches at turn-on and outputs a serial code to the PLL chip in a format that determines the output frequency that the PLL will try and lock the transmitter to. The PLL chip outputs control pulses to the loop filter built around op amp IC4. The loop filter converts the sharp pulses from the PLL chip into a smoothed signal ready to apply to the frequency determining components, varicap diodes VD1 and VD2. IC1 is an analog switch that shorts out two of the resistors in the loop filter which enables the transmitter to get on frequency faster. When the oscillator is on frequency the analog switch switches out, which greatly improves the audio response of the transmitter. Microprocessor IC3 determines when to switch the analog switch in and out by reading the lock detect signals from the PLL chip. The microprocessor can also use this

Page 20: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

Page 7-2 NE30 Technical Manual Issue 2.1 Section 7 Functional Description

information to switch off transistor T3 with open collector configured T4, which mutes the RF output when the transmitter is out of lock. LED1 provides visual indication of the PLL locked condition. The master clock oscillator (OSC1) determines the accuracy of the output frequency. It is a high stability temperature compensated crystal oscillator (TCXO). The frequency can be trimmed if required by adjusting the small trimmer located beneath a hole in the oscillator module. Audio is applied to the modulation input connector CON2. From here the signal passes to variable resistor VR2 where modulation levels can be set. It is then passed, via R29, to the varicap diodes. 7.3 FMTX-PSU Dc-Dc Converter (Figure 7-3) The power supply takes its input from the unregulated dc supply. It is used to supply the RF power amplifier with its dc supply. This supply must vary between 5 V and 15.5 V dependent on the output power required. The supply is designed around an SGS-Thomson step-down switching voltage regulator, type GS-R400V. This supply provides soft start, inhibit, over current and over voltage protection. The dc input to the board is fused at 10 A (fast acting). This fuse should only fail if the converter’s internal over-voltage crowbar trip operates. This will normally only happen if there has been an internal failure in the converter. The fuse must only be replaced with a fast acting type of the same value. The dc supply is decoupled at the converter input by C1 (Low ESR type). The same type of capacitor, C2 is used to decouple the converter output.

The output voltage is set by the parallel combination of R4 and the external 10 kΩ power set control. The parallel value of these two components is 6 kΩ for 15.5 V (maximum power) and 0 Ω for 5.1 V. The VSWR cut-back system feeds a positive current into the VAR. input when it operates in order to reduce the output voltage (and therefore output power). T2, R8, R6, R7, and zener diode D2, provide over voltage protection in the event that the power set control should become open circuit through disconnection or failure. This prevents damage to the RF power amp unit. This part of the circuit is designed only for protection, it should not be used to control the output in normal conditions since output stabilization and noise performance will be degraded. The power supply can be shut down to provide the muting facility using the inhibit inputs. A positive voltage >5V can be supplied to the converter via D3 and potential divider R2/R3. Alternatively, R5 can be linked to ground, turning on T1. The former input is connected to the PLL OUT OF LOCK output from the PLL3 modulator and the later is linked to the rear panel control connector to provide the external mute facility.

Page 21: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

NE30 Technical Manual Page 7-3 Section 7 Functional Description Issue 2.1

7.4 30 W POWER AMPLIFIER (Figure 7-4) The 30 W power amplifier is a two-stage design, using Semelabs MOSFET devices. The dc input voltage to the amplifier can vary between 5 and 15.5 V depending on the required output power. Resistors R9, R10 and R11 form an input attenuator. The input matching circuit for U1 is comprised of L2, 2:1 transformer T2 and R8. C6 provides dc blocking. Bias is applied to the gate of U1 via R2. U1 is a surface-mounted device. If replacement of U1 is required, it is essential to use the correct hot-air rework equipment. Use of a soldering iron may damage the board and device. U1’s output is matched to the input of the main output device U2. This is done with C3, C4, C10, two lengths of strip-line, and R7. Dc bias for U2 is generated by D1 which rectifies the RF input at the appropriate point on the strip-line matching section. This arrangement removes the bias from U2 if the RF input is removed. Output matching from U2 is done with a length of strip-line and C18, C7, C8, C19, and L3. The first two sections, C11, L5, L6, C14, C15 and C20, of the output filter, are tuned to the 2nd and 3rd harmonics with the final low pass filter stage comprised of L7 and C13. A strip-line directional coupler is used to sense the forward and reflected power levels. R12 nulls the reflected power sensor.

7.5 FMTXDIS DISTRIBUTION BOARD (Figure 7-5) The FMTXDIS board performs three tasks: • The basic power supply function • A central point for the interconnection of

the other boards and indicators • The VSWR cut-back system The ac output from the mains transformer is connected to the bridge rectifier. The output from the bridge rectifier enters the FMTXDIS board at connector CN1 pins 1 and 2. It is smoothed by C1. An external dc source can be connected to the board at connector CN1 pins 3 and 4. Reverse voltage protection is provided by D1. The mains derived dc supply is monitored by TR1 and its associated components. If this supply drops below 20 V, relay RL1 will be switched off selecting the external dc input if present. D3 insures that power is drawn from the mains derived dc supply if the external supply is lower or absent. D3 also takes the load current during the relay changeover time. From this point, the unregulated supply feeds the FMTX-PSU via connector CN7 pins 1 and 2, the front panel meter via R2 and connector CN3 pin 3 and IC1 which is a 7818 voltage regulator. The output from IC1 supplies most of the FMTXDIS board electronics and the PLL7 boards via connector CN4 pin 6. IC2 receives a +15 V supply from the PLL7 boards via connector CN4 pin 5. Transistors TR2, TR3 and TR4 provide the PLL LOCK LED drive and the external PLL LOCK OK indications. TR2 is turned off when the PLL is in lock. This in turn will turn on TR3 and TR4.

Page 22: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

Page 7-4 NE30 Technical Manual Issue 2.1 Section 7 Functional Description

The forward power sensed voltage enters the board via connector CN5 pin 2. It is buffered and amplified by IC2b. The meter is driven via RV3 (METER P.FWD). IC4 is operated as a comparator with its threshold set by RV4 (P.FWD OK). Transistor TR9 drives the external FORWARD POWER OK indication. Transistors TR10 and TR11 drive the front panel P.FWD LED. When the external mute is applied, the cathode of D9 is grounded, allowing TR11 to switch off. This causes the P.FWD LED to turn orange. The reflected power sensed voltage enters the board via connector CN5 pin 1. It is buffered and amplified by IC2a. The meter is driven via RV1 (METER P.REF). C4 is charged by R11, R12, and D5. This provides

a rapid peak hold with a slower decay. IC3 further amplifies this voltage. The gain of this stage (and therefore the maximum amount of cut-back) is set by RV2 (CUTBACK). The output of IC3 drives the control input of the FMTX-PSU unit via LK1, TR5, D6, R17, and pin 3 of the connector CN5. Feeding a positive current into this control input reduces the power supply output and therefore the RF output power and the consequent reflected power. The output power potentiometer is connected between pins 7 and 8 of connector CN2. The purpose of TR5 is to turn on TR6 as soon as the cut-back system starts to operate. TR6 drives the red part of the P.REF LED and turns on TR7, which will turn off TR8.

Page 23: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

NE30 Technical Manual Page 7-5 Section 7 Functional Description Issue 2.1

Figure 7-1: Electrical Schematic - SCA/Input Board

Page 24: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

NE30 Technical Manual Page 7-6 Section 7 Functional Description Issue 2.1

Figure 7-2: Electrical Schematic - PLL7 Modulator Board

Page 25: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

NE30 Technical Manual Page 7-7 Section 7 Functional Description Issue 2.1

Figure 7-3: Electrical Schematic - FMTX-PSU Dc-Dc Converter

Page 26: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

NE30 Technical Manual Page 7-8 Section 7 Functional Description Issue 2.1

Figure 7-4: Electrical Schematic - 30 Watt Power Amplifier

Page 27: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

NE30 Technical Manual Page 7-9 Section 7 Functional Description Issue 2.1

Figure 7-5: Electrical Schematic - FMTXDIS Distribution Board

Page 28: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

NE30 Technical Manual Page 7-10 Section 7 Functional Description Issue 2.1

Figure 7-6: Flow Diagram - Power Supply

OTHER ASSEMBLIES

Page 29: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

NE30 Technical Manual Page 7-11 Section 7 Functional Description Issue 2.1

Figure 7-7: Wiring Diagram (Sheet 1 of 2)

Page 30: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast

NE30 Technical Manual Page 7-12 Section 7 Functional Description Issue 2.1

Figure 7-8: Wiring Diagram (Sheet 2 of 2)

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NE30 Technical Manual Page 8-1 Section 8 Declaration of Conformity Issue 2.1

NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 8 DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY

Name of Manufacturer: sbs for and on behalf of Nautel Address of manufacturer: PO Box 100 HASTINGS East Sussex, UK TN35 4NR Product: NE30 FM Exciter Declaration: The product described above complies with the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive (73/23/EEC) and the protection requirements of the EMC Directive (89/336/EEC) issued by the Commission of the European Community. Compliance with these directives implies conformity to the following European Standards: • EN 60065:1998: - Safety requirements for mains operated electronic and related apparatus for household and similar general use. • EN 50081-2:1994: - Electromagnetic compatibility. Generic immunity standard. Industrial environment. • EN 50082-2:1995: - Electromagnetic compatibility. Generic immunity standard. Industrial environment. Additionally, the product described above complies with all relevant parts of the following standards: • ETS 300 384:1995: - Radio broadcasting systems; Very High Frequency (VHF), frequency modulated, sound broadcasting transmitters.

Signed On File Date of Issue For and on behalf of sbs, UK Pyers Easton

CEO 05/16/01

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NE30 Technical Manual Page 9-1 Section 9 How to Contact Nautel Issue 2.1

NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 9 HOW TO CONTACT NAUTEL

For all inquiries please contact your local agent/dealer. Or contact NAUTEL directly at: Nautel Limited 10089 Peggy’s Cove Road Hackett’s Cove, Nova Scotia Canada B3Z 3J4 Telephone: +1 (902) 823-2233 Fax: +1 (902) 823-3183 Email: [email protected] Nautel Maine Inc. 201 Target Industrial Circle Bangor, Maine USA 04401 Telephone: +1 (207) 947-8200 Fax: +1 (207) 947-3693 Email: [email protected] Or email [email protected] for technical support. Alternatively, visit our website: http://www.nautel.com

Page 34: NE30 30 Watt FM Exciter - Nautel Technical Manual Page 1-1 Section 1 Introduction Issue 2.1 NE30 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS Section 1 INTRODUCTION The NE30 is a broadband 30-watt FM broadcast