RESEARCH POSTER PRESENTATION DESIGN © 2015

www.PosterPresentations.com

(—THIS SIDEBAR DOES NOT PRINT—)DESIGN GUIDE

This PowerPoint 2007 template produces a 36”x48” trifold presentation poster. You can use it to create your research poster and save valuable time placing titles, subtitles, text, and graphics.

We provide a series of online tutorials that will guide you through the poster design process and answer your poster production questions. To view our template tutorials, go online to PosterPresentations.com and click on HELP DESK.

When you are ready to print your poster, go online to PosterPresentations.com

Need assistance? Call us at 1.510.649.3001

QUICK START

Zoom in and outAs you work on your poster zoom in and out to the level that is more

comfortable to you. Go to VIEW > ZOOM.

Title, Authors, and AffiliationsStart designing your poster by adding the title, the names of the authors, and the affiliated institutions. You can type or paste text into the provided boxes. The template will automatically adjust the size of your text to fit the title box. You can manually override this feature and change the size of your text.

TIP: The font size of your title should be bigger than your name(s) and institution name(s).

Adding Logos / SealsMost often, logos are added on each side of the title. You can insert a logo by dragging and dropping it from your desktop, copy and paste or by going to INSERT > PICTURES. Logos taken from web sites are likely to be low quality when printed. Zoom it at 100% to see what the logo will look like on the final poster and make any necessary adjustments.

TIP: See if your school’s logo is available on our free poster templates page.

Photographs / GraphicsYou can add images by dragging and dropping from your desktop, copy and paste, or by going to INSERT > PICTURES. Resize images proportionally by holding down the SHIFT key and dragging one of the corner handles. For a professional-looking poster, do not distort your images by enlarging them disproportionally.

Image Quality CheckZoom in and look at your images at 100% magnification. If they look good they will print well.

ORIGINAL DISTORTEDCorner handles

Go

od

pri

nti

ng

qu

alit

y

Bad

pri

nti

ng

qu

alit

y

QUICK START (cont.)

How to change the template color themeYou can easily change the color theme of your poster by going to the DESIGN menu, click on COLORS, and choose the color theme of your choice. You can also create your own color theme.

You can also manually change the color of your background by going to VIEW > SLIDE MASTER. After you finish working on the master be sure to go to VIEW > NORMAL to continue working on your poster.

How to add TextThe template comes with a number of pre-formatted placeholders for headers and text blocks. You can add more blocks by copying and pasting the existing ones or by adding a text box from the HOME menu.

Text sizeAdjust the size of your text based on how much content you have to present. The default template text offers a good starting point. Follow the conference requirements.

How to add TablesTo add a table from scratch go to the INSERT menu and click on TABLE. A drop-down box will help you select rows and columns.

You can also copy and a paste a table from Word or another PowerPoint document. A pasted table may need to be re-formatted by RIGHT-CLICK > FORMAT SHAPE, TEXT BOX, Margins.

Graphs / ChartsYou can simply copy and paste charts and graphs from Excel or Word. Some reformatting may be required depending on how the original document has been created.

How to change the column configurationRIGHT-CLICK on the poster background and select LAYOUT to see the column options available for this template. The poster columns can also be customized on the Master. VIEW > MASTER.

How to remove the info barsIf you are working in PowerPoint for Windows and have finished your poster, save as PDF and the bars will not be included. You can also delete them by going to VIEW > MASTER. On the Mac adjust the Page-Setup to match the Page-Setup in PowerPoint before you create a PDF. You can also delete them from the Slide Master.

Save your workSave your template as a PowerPoint document. For printing, save as PowerPoint or “Print-quality” PDF.

Print your posterWhen you are ready to have your poster printed go online to PosterPresentations.com and click on the “Order Your Poster” button. Choose the poster type the best suits your needs and submit your order. If you submit a PowerPoint document you will be receiving a PDF proof for your approval prior to printing. If your order is placed and paid for before noon, Pacific, Monday through Friday, your order will ship out that same day. Next day, Second day, Third day, and Free Ground services are offered. Go to PosterPresentations.com for more information.

Student discounts are available on our Facebook page.Go to PosterPresentations.com and click on the FB icon.

©2015 PosterPresentations.com2117 Fourth Street , Unit C Berkeley CA 94710

posterpresenter@gmail.com

• GOAL: Delineate tree crowns from AOP camera and hyperspectral data

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

MODEL DESIGN

EVALUATION METRICS

RESULTS

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

• Delineating individual trees from lidar data: a comparison of vector- and raster-based segmentation approaches. Jakubowski et.al. 2013

• Detection of individual tree crown in airborne lidar data. B.Koch et.al. 2002

• Individual tree crown delineation using local maxima approach and seeded region growing technique Jan NOVOTNÝ et. al 2011

• Individual Tree-Crown Delineation and Treetop Detection in High-Spatial-Resolution Aerial Imagery Le Wang, Peng Gong, and Gregory S. Biging

CHALLENGES• Understanding the data and figuring out good visualization

techniques to work on high dimensional hyperspectral & LiDAR data.

• Low resolution of images and presence of noise in the data made delineation very challenging

• Availability of data was also scarce which made deep learning and other machine learning algorithms unsuitable

• The variety in the tree composition is different for different plots

KEY CONTRIBUTIONS:• Ensemble approach to handle multiple region types and tree

compositions• Use of canopy height model (CHM) to delineate crowns based on

the variation in the tree heights from the ground• Use of hyperspectral data to fill in the gaps in information due to

the lower dimensional nature of camera and CHM rasters• Laplacian of Gaussian as a edge detection as a first step before

marker based watershed segmentation• Use of 8 connectivity neighbourhood approach to Region

Growing with the local maxima as the focal point • Developed the evaluation pipeline for delineation, alignment and

species classification. And also wrote the report generation module

• Use of Geodesic distance to identify portions of the image with clusters of maximal reflectance

Arvind Kumar Sugumar, Nishant AgarwalComputer and Information Science and Engineering, University of Florida

NEON NIST DSE – Tree Crown Delineation

• Any real world data is bound to be noisy, so we must first account for that before embarking on application of any model

• Improvements to the model might lead us towards a local maxima so we must be careful about premature optimization

• An ensemble of models, each tuned to work in a particular setting, would prove to be really beneficial to this task

• Watershed is really good at doing the delineation but it just needs few cues to send it on the right track

• Identifying the position and size of individual tree from remote sensing is useful in understanding forest structure and is an important first step in species identification

• Tracking tree density from satellite images has become very important, especially with growing concerns regarding climate change

• Using Laplacian of Gaussian yields the edges i.e. regions of changing reflectance patterns

• On these edges we run geodesic distance computation to get the final tree crown regions

• The non local max convolution yields another set of tree tops which is concatenated with the geodesic tops to get the final polygons

• Spurious polygons are removed by filtering and over segmented polygons are handled using morphological transforms

• Background subtraction algorithm is applied to remove regions of extreme dark and bright pixels.

• Watershed algorithm is applied on the corrected image.• Contours are extracted from the segmented image.• For each contour, points of local maxima is found by

max convolution method.• Regions having similar height from the ground surface

are found by following the growing algorithm, taking local maxima points as focal point.

PROJECTION

• Delineation is measured as a function of the predicted area which can be considered to fall into one of the following classes i.e. False Positive (FP), True Positive (TP) and False Negative (FN).

– Due to unavailability of perfect ground truth we use a modified F1 score which is calculated on a subset of the predicted polygons for which ground truth is available

• Alignment is measured as a probability distribution between the ground truth (g) polygons and the predicted polygons (p) and is evaluated based on the value assigned to the correct predictions

• The output is expected to be a probability matrix of M x N where M is the number of ITCs and N is the number of species. So we can use the Average Cross-Entropy loss (log loss) which is used in training neural networks as the cost function

• The vector files (shapefiles) have their coordinates mentioned on the WGS84 UTM Zone 17 North projection

• In order to evaluate or visualize the ground truth appropriate reprojection must be done

• Moving to and from world coordinates to pixel coordinates using the extent of the image on a per plot basis requires the formulation of an affine transformation

– Given the extent of the plot and the dimensions of the raster we are able to get a mapping between the pixels and the world coordinates

– This formulation can be used to project raster to vector points and vice versa