Upload
adbwaterforall
View
215
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 1/43
Enhancing Irrigated Agriculture Productivity through
Multifunctional Water Users' Associations and Its Dissemination:
A Pilot and Demonstration Activity (PDA) After Care
Supported by:
RETA 6498: Knowledge and Innovation Support for ADB’s Water Financing
Program – Pilot and Demonstration Activity for Nepal
Inception Report
Prepared by:
International Network on Participatory Irrigation Management (INPIM) - Nepal
February 2012
The views expressed in this paper/presentation are the views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views or
policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), or its Board of Governors, or the governments they represent. ADB does not
guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use.
Terminology used may not necessarily be consistent with ADB official terms.
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 2/43
ii
Abbreviations and Acronyms
ADB Asian Development Bank
AMIS Agency Managed Irrigation System
APP Agricultural Perspective Plan
CBO Community Based Organization
CMIASP Community Managed Irrigated Agriculture Sector Project
DADO District Agricultural Development Office
DOI Department of Irrigation
DOA Department of Agriculture
FFS Farmers’ Field School
FMIS Farmer Managed Irrigation System
FMIST Farmer Managed Irrigation System Promotion Trust
INPIM-Nepal International Network of Participatory Irrigation Management-Nepal
IWRM Integrated Water Resources Management
NARC Nepal Agricultural Research Council
NGO Non-Governmental Organization
NFIWUAN National Federation of Irrigation Water Users Associations-Nepal
NWRS Nepal Water Resources Strategy
O&M Operation and Maintenance
PDA Pilot and Demonstration Activity
RETA Regional Technical Assistance (for knowledge and innovative support)
UNDP United Nations Development Program
VDC Village Development Committee
WUA Water Users’ Association
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 3/43
iii
Table of Content
Topics Page
Acronyms ii
Table of Content iii
1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................1
1.1 Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Objective of PDA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1
2. DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTIVITIES .........................................................................3
2.1 Proposed Activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3
2.2 Process Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 3
2.3 Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 4
2.4 Handbook Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.5 Orientation Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.6 Backstopping to CMIASP Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 5
2.7 WUA Orientation Workshops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 5
3. IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE AND FINANCIAL PLAN ....................................................7
3.1 Implementation Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . 7
3.2 Financial Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 7
3.3 PDA Outputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 8
4. MANAGEMENT AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT ..................................................9
4.1 Stakeholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 9
4.2 Accountability and Responsibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 9
4.3 Institutional Arrangements . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 10
5. MONITORING AND REPORTING SYSTEM ......................................................................11
5.1 Monitoring of Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 11
5.2 Reporting System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Annexes
Annex 1: Schedule of Project Activities 20
Annex 2: Cost Estimate of Activities 21
Annex 3: Measurable Performance Indicators 19
Annex 4: Detailed Description of Process Documentation 21
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 4/43
1
1. Introduction
1.1 Background
International Network on Participatory Irrigation Management - Nepal (INPIM-Nepal) carried out a
study titled “Demonstrating Enhanced Productivity in Irrigated Agricultural System through
Multifunctional Water Users’ Association” under ADB’s RETA 6498 during from July 14, 2009 to
December 31, 2010. The key conclusion of the study was the need to recognize the WUAs as an
effective institutional entity in the rural development setting contributing to the core needs of
irrigation infrastructure and services and irrigated agricultural production system. The WUAs were
observed to possess the natural potential of accepting and delivering much wider roles in the
irrigated areas beyond simple operation and maintenance. With large number of viable WUAs in the
country and their time tested capacities in organizing and managing irrigation infrastructure and
services, the potential of linking them to the economies at the local and national level through theirincreased roles in input supply, agriculture extension, diversification of agribusiness, marketing, etc.
revealed a huge opportunity to uplift the economic conditions of the agriculture based rural
communities of the country.
INPIM Nepal published and disseminated the study findings to all the related stakeholders in Nepal.
The work was well appreciated by ADB as well as other stakeholders.
In order to give continuity to the efforts and to build up on the achievements made by the PDA,
INPIM Nepal developed a follow-up PDA. A proposal was submitted to ADB in June 2011 and finally
approved in December 2011. This PDA after care has been entitled “Enhancing Irrigated AgricultureProductivity through Multifunctional Water Users' Associations and Its Dissemination”. The aim this
time was not only to make the previous effort comprehensive and complete but also to take the
findings one step ahead toward materializing them by providing the necessary backstopping to the
existing ADB supported irrigation projects in Nepal.
This inception report has been prepared to explain in detail the activities proposed in the PDA, its
work schedule, management and financial plan, institutional arrangement, and monitoring and
reporting system.
1.2 Objective of PDA
The main objective of this PDA is to give continuity and build up on the previous efforts of evaluating
the potential for and merit of building multifunctional water users associations (WUAs) in Nepalese
irrigation systems and to take it one step ahead by disseminating those findings through trainings
and workshops. The specific objectives of the research aspect are as follows: (i) to document the
process of evolution of multifunctional WUAs after the rehabilitation (construction) works; (ii) to
evaluate the factors, environment, and prerequisites for the evolution of multifunctional WUAs
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 5/43
2
through success and failure case studies that are representative of the different agro-ecological
zones of Nepal; (iii) to develop training material and to provide necessary trainings / backstopping in
terms of promoting multi-functionality in the ADB supported irrigation projects, namely, Community
Managed Irrigated Agriculture Sector Project (CMIASP) and Community Irrigation Project (CIP).
Thus the activities proposed in this PDA are expected to make significant contribution towards
institutionalizing multifunction among the WUAs. It is expected not only to establish the right
procedure through research but also to apply the findings through field level execution. More
specifically, it is considered to be very useful in linking the activities and achievements made by the
ADB-funded CMIASP to the project goal of enhancing agricultural productivity and sustainability of
farmer-managed irrigation systems by empowering WUA. Moreover, it is also expected to give a
right direction to CIP by timely orienting the staff and consultants about the approach for socio-
institutional strengthening of WUA.
1.3 Scope for Replication
Participatory Irrigation Management (PIM) has been adopted as distinct policy framework in
irrigation development in most countries in south and south-east Asia. In most of these countries,
the performance of irrigated agriculture continues to remain below satisfactory. This also continues
to remain challenge for the donors, government and development agencies to ensure food security
and livelihood improvement for the growing population. The quest has been enhancing the
productivity of irrigated agriculture through rehabilitation of irrigation infrastructures and
institutional improvements for enhanced operation and management services leading to water use
efficiency, crop diversification, increased cropping intensity and increased harvest size. The
objectives, expected outcomes and implementation frameworks foreseen in CMIASP and CIP are not
an isolated example in the region. Similar initiatives are underway in most countries in the region.The findings of this PDA, in selected subprojects under CMIASP and CIP, is therefore, expected to be
relevant to similar initiatives in other parts of the world. The relevance and modality of replication
of the study outcome would however be dictated by specific national and local level context of the
countries in question.
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 6/43
3
2. Description of Proposed Activities
2.1 Proposed Activities
The activities under this PDA shall essentially include:
Process Documentation and diagnosis for development / promotion of multifunctional
WUAs in selected FMISs under CMIASP
Case Study of selected irrigation systems (FMIS and AMIS) demonstrating successful and
failure models/examples of evolution of multifunctional WUAs
Preparation of Handbook suggesting process and areas for development of multifunction of
WUAs based on the study and research thus far;
Orientation Training for the CIP project staff and consultant on the process of developing
multifunction among the WUAs
Backstopping to CMIASP for promoting multifunction among WUAs in 9 selected sites
Organization of WUA Orientation Workshops on developing multifunction covering all theregions
These activities have been discussed one by one in further detail in the remaining sections of this
chapter of the Inception Report.
2.2 Process Documentation
For the process documentation, the same three subprojects under CMIASP selected earlier, will be
continued. They are:
Tanting Kalikoshi Irrigation System in Arujundhara VDC in Jhapa District
Sikhar Kateri Irrigation System in Ravi Opee VDC in Kavre District
Iku Dha Irrigation System in Thaibe VDC in Lalitpur District
In documenting the processes of developments of the WUA, efforts will be made to use the same
Farmer Observers (FOs) used earlier as they have already been trained and are also aware of the
historical background. They will be stationed in the respective subprojects and will document and
analyze the activities and changes in the WUAs. They will participate in the CMIASP implementation
activities on a daily basis and work with relevant WUA subcommittees, such as the Agriculture andSocial Development Subcommittee and the Subproject Monitoring Subcommittee. Through inquiry
with the water users, the FOs will also try to cover the missing period of gap between this study and
the previous one.
Process documentation will be mainly focused on:
i. Improvement of physical infrastructures in the irrigation schemes undertaken as a part of
the support under CMIASP
ii. Capacity development of the WUAs relating to operation and management functions and
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 7/43
4
delivery of irrigation services.
iii. Improvement in the agricultural technology and practices aimed at enhancing the
productivity of irrigated agriculture.
iv. Initiatives of market promotion, women participation, micro-credit and income generating
activities aimed towards diversification of income opportunities of water users and their
livelihood improvement.
This part will be completed by June 2012 and analysis and report writing will be done during the
month of July 2012. Appropriate strategies for backstopping will be identified during August 2012
and will be implemented from September to December 2012.
2.3 Case Study
For the case study, it has been proposed that nine (9) irrigation systems: three (3) from each of the
agro-ecological zones of Nepal: high mountains, middle hills and terai (flat planes), will be selected.
Additionally, the selection will be such that different community mixes are selected and at least onesystem out of three from each zone must be a failure case.
The distinction between success and failure cases will be made on the basis of whether the WUA has
been able to effectively take up multifunctional roles. Thus, those WUAs which have been register as
a farmers’ cooperative and have been reported to as being engages in multiple functions will be
considered as successful WUAs while those that have failed to do so will be considered as failure
cases. In order to confirm this, preliminary information of potential cases will be collected from the
regional irrigation offices.
The case studies will essentially be exploratory, diagnostic and narrative in nature. The study in each
system will be accomplished in two stages. The first stage will involve review of secondary sources
of information (published and unpublished reports, diagnostic studies, feasibility studies and past
research works). This will help generating the background information on the systems. The second
stage will involve in-depth diagnosis of processes and stages that led to evolution of multifunctional
WUAs. The lines of inquiries at this stage will involve:
i. Timelines of multifunctional engagements of WUAs
ii. Areas of multifunctional engagements
iii. Benefits resulting to water users from multifunctional engagements of WUAs
iv. Supporting and contradicting effects of multifunctional WUAs
v. Support services available from government and non-governmental organizations
vi. Lessons learnt
A diagnostic analysis will be made based on the information collected from the different cases as to
what elements contributed to the success or failure in developing multi-functionality. Also,
distinction will be made between the strengths and weaknesses among organically evolved WUAs
and agency sponsored WUAs while carrying out this analysis. Finally, the recommendations will be
made based on correlation between the parameters of success and failures and the technical, socio-
cultural, political and financial data pertaining to the different cases. The recommendation will also
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 8/43
5
include institutional structure and responsibilities, both at central and districts levels.
The case studies will be conducted scheduled during June-August, 2012. This period has been
selected for the case study considering that it coincides with the irrigation activity and major
agricultural activities.
2.4 Handbook Preparation
For the Handbook preparation, the contents will mainly be focused on the process of promoting /
developing multifunctional WUAs in Nepal. It will be primarily based on the findings of the studies
conducted so far (including the follow-up study mentioned above). It will be in simple Nepali and
will be at the level of the general farmers. INPIM Nepal will also collaborate with NFIWUAN for the
purpose of finalizing the content of the handbook.
2.5 Orientation Training
The Orientation Training for the CIP project staff and consultant will basically be aimed at creating
general awareness among the new staff and consultants in the projects about WUAs and how they
can be motivated to be engaged in multifunction. The training will be conducted tentatively during
August / September 2012. CIP is currently in the process of selection of the consultants. A meeting
was held with the Project Coordinator of CIP. It was decided that it will be better to develop the
program of the orientation training in consultation and coordination with the project team after the
consultants are hired.
2.6 Backstopping to CMIASP Sites
For the backstopping to CMIASP for promoting multifunction among WUA, nine of the CMIASP sites
will be selected. INPIM Nepal team along with the concerned CMIASP staff will make site visits to
the selected sites and conduct several rounds of discussions with the WUA to identify their present
status in terms of adapting multifunction and to recommend specific ways of going about it.
The nine sites will be representative of all CMIASP sites. They will be selected to include systems in
all agro ecological zones, including terai and hill systems, and they will include systems in both
eastern and central development region.
2.7 WUA Orientation Workshops
The WUA Orientation Workshops will mainly be targeted towards WUAs in the subprojects
supported by CMIASP and CIP. INPIM Nepal will take support from the two projects in selecting the
appropriate target group will also collaborate with NFIWUAN for reaching out to the WUA. Four
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 9/43
6
workshops will be conducted to cover the different area: in Biratnagar (for eastern region), Chitwon
(for central region), Pokhara (for western region) and Nepalgunj (Midwestern and Far-western
region).
The orientation workshops will also be based on the findings and lessons learned from the previous
and current process documentation and case studies. They will be conducted during the months of
October and November of 2012. Interaction and discussions will be held on the challenges that theWUAs face in moving towards multi-functionality. Appropriate solutions and measures will be
discussed and disseminated.
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 10/43
7
3. Implementation Schedule and Financial Plan
3.1 Implementation Schedule
This PDA will be carried out for a period of twelve months from the beginning of February 2012 up
to the end of January 2013. The activities will be carried out in the sequential order as proposed inAnnex 1. This sequence has been proposed because the findings from the stipulated studies
(process documentation and case studies) will be used for later dissemination activities.
3.2 Financial Plan
In accordance with the Letter of Agreement signed between the ADB and INPIM Nepal, ADB will
provide an amount of US $ 39,615 to cover the expenses for the implementation of the PDA based
as per the following scheme:
Upon signing of this Letter of Agreement $ 5,000
Upon submission and ADB’s acceptance of the Inception Report, and the SOE $15,000
Upon submission and ADB’s acceptance of the Mid-Term Progress Report and SOE $15,000
Upon submission and ADB’s acceptance of the Project Completion Report, and final SOE $ 4,615
INPIM Nepal will make all expenses within the framework of the approved cost estimate.
All cash advances will be liquidated as per ADB regulations together with original copy of invoice,
receipts and other supporting documents. Claim for airfare will be supported by (i) used/e-ticket, (ii)
receipts of purchase, and (iii) boarding passes. All documents will be translated in English. All
unutilized ADB funds will be returned to ADB in the original currency of payment within 30 days
upon completion of the PDA.
ADB funds shall be used exclusively to finance expenditures for the PDA. Goods and services
financed out of the ADB funds shall be procured in accordance with ADB’s Procurement Guidelines
dated February 2007, as amended from time to time, and, consultants financed out of the ADB
funds will be selected and engaged in accordance with the Guidelines on the use of Consultants by
Asian Development Bank and its Borrowers dated February 2007, as amended from time to time.
ADB funds shall not be used to finance expenditures related to capitalization, budget support, or
staffing requirements of the INPIM Nepal and other collaborating agencies, except for incremental
staffing from ADB member countries required for the PDA. It shall not be used to finance any local
taxes or duties.
Apart from the funds from ADB, INPIM Nepal will provide its own counterpart resources in cash or
kind, where appropriate, to complement the available resources for the PDA.
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 11/43
8
3.3 PDA Outputs
ADB and INPIM Nepal will jointly own all outcomes of the PDA, including any intellectual property
rights. The parties shall jointly publish the results of the PDA in a form and manner mutually agreed.
PDA outcomes shall be made available in the public domain and may be used in the public interest
by the INPIM Nepal, ADB and/or any of the intended beneficiaries of RETA 6498.
One of the important objectives of the PDA is to produce research results that could be actually
implemented in the existing CMIASP and CIP projects, towards developing effective and sustainable
WUAs.
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 12/43
9
4. Management and Institutional Arrangement
4.1 Stakeholders
The implementation of the activities shall be undertaken in tandem with government agencies
mainly DOI, DOLIDAR, and DOA. Close coordination will be maintained with the two main ADBfunded projects, viz. CMIASP and CIP.
The stakeholders of this study include DOI, DOA, CMIASP, ADB, NFIWUAN, WUAs and water users in
the selected subprojects. The participation of the stakeholders in the course of the study and in
utilizing the study findings have been foreseen at both project and sub-project level. At the project
level representatives from both CMIASP and CIP will be consulted from time to time. Progress of the
different PDA activities will be shared with the representatives from these projects. At the
subproject level, monthly meetings with the participation of the subproject personnel, WUA
functionaries and water users would be the forum to share the study findings that is expected to be
useful in micro-policy development specific to the subproject.
INPIM Nepal will contribute materials that can be used to disseminate the PDA’s learning through
ADB’s key initiative towards increasing public awareness and understanding of water issues,
encouraging dialogue among water stakeholders, and disseminating ADB’s water policy to
stakeholders, experts and decision-makers. The contributions can be in the form of case studies,
write-ups for e-newsletter or website, among others.
4.2 Accountability and Responsibility
INPIM Nepal will be fully responsible for the organization and conduction of the PDA. In order to
make each person responsible and accountable for individual tasks, INPIM Nepal will issue
agreements with individuals for each task.
In order to facilitate and assure efficient and effective implementation of the PDA as agreed, ADB
will oversee the implementation of the PDA through the designated activity officer from the
Environment, Natural Resources and Agriculture Division (SAER) of South Asia Regional Department
(SARD). The activity officer will monitor progress of the PDA on a periodic basis to ensure that all the
expected outputs are being achieved. The activity officers may undertake field visits to the pilot sites
as necessary to monitor PDA implementation progress;
The officials responsible for the implementation of this PDA shall be
For ADB: Director, Sustainable Infrastructure Division (RSID) in Regional and Sustainable
Development Division (RSDD), or any officer or officers as duly authorized by ADB in writing
For INPIM Nepal: Mr. Bashu Lohani, Secretary, or any officer or officers as duly authorized by such
representative of the INPIM Nepal in writing.
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 13/43
10
4.3 Institutional Arrangements
INPIM Nepal will assign a team for the smooth implementation of the PDA activities. The team will
be a multidisciplinary so that all the socio-technical and cross cutting issues can be effectively
addressed. It will also include a coordinator who will coordinate with the different members of the
team as well as take charge of the administrative and financial matters.
The study team will work in consultation with the concerned WUAs, the community organizers and
NGOs working with those WUAs, and DOI and DOA personnel. The working arrangements of the
PDA will be worked out the study team in collaboration and consultation with relevant government
agencies like DOI, DOLIDAR and DOA
In addition, two workshops have been proposed to be organized in the course of the study. Of the
two workshops, one is proposed to be organized during the stage of compilation of the study finding
so that valuable insights and significance of the data collected can be derived. The second workshop
is proposed to be organized towards the completion of the PDA so that outcome to the activities can
be shared to a wider audience.
A project level review committee has been constituted to review the research results periodically
and think of ways and means of incorporating the study findings in the implementation processes.
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 14/43
11
5. Monitoring and Reporting System
5.1 Monitoring of Activities
The activities at the sub-project level will be implemented through the farmer organizers in tandem
with government agencies mainly, DOI, DOLIDAR, and DOA. Close coordination will be maintainedwith the two main ADB funded projects, viz. CMIASP and CIP. The progress of process
documentation in the three sub-projects will be monitored by the three lead researchers. Monthly
report on process documentation outcome shall be prepared and presented at the sub-project level
review meeting on the last week of every month. One of the lead researchers will be present in the
review meeting.
5.2 Reporting System
Three reports based on the outcome of the PDA will be prepared and submitted to Regional
and Sustainable Development Department of ADB as per following schedule:
i. Inception Report: including description of proposed activities, description and
financial plan, institutional arrangement and reporting format to be submitted by
the end of February 2012.
ii. Mid-Term Report: to be submitted by the end of August 2012
iii. Final Report: to be submitted by the end of January 2013
The contents of the report shall include, but not limited to:
i. Activities undertaken and accomplished
ii. Major findings and outcomes
iii. Suggestions on ways and means of incorporating the study findings in the
implementation modalities of CMIASP and CIP
iv. Suggestions on dissemination of study findings to wider audience
v. Statement of expenditure
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 15/43
1
Annex 1
Schedule of Project Activities
S. N. Activities
2012 2013
F M A M J J A S O N D J
1 Preparation and submission of Inception Report
2a Process Documentation of multifunctional WUAs
in selected FMISs under CMIASP
2b Preparation of Process Documentation Report
2c Identify appropriate strategies for backstopping
2d Provide backstopping to WUA in terms of multi-
functions
3 Case Study of selected irrigation systems (FMIS
and AMIS) demonstrating successful and failure
models/examples of evolution of multifunctional
WUAs
4 Preparation and submission of Mid-term Report
5 Preparation of Handbook suggesting process and
areas for development of multifunction of WUAs
based on the study and research thus far6 Orientation Training for the CIP project staff and
consultant on the process of developing
multifunction among the WUAs
7 Backstopping to CMIASP for promoting
multifunction among WUAs in 9 selected sites
8 Organization of WUA Orientation Workshops on
developing multifunction covering all the regions
9 Preparation and submission of Final Report
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 16/43
Annex 2
Cost Estimate of the Activity
SN Description Qty. Unit Rate Total Remarks
1 Specialists Services:
a. Farmer Observers (FOs) for
Process Documentation
36 Man
months
7,000 252,000 One FO in each system
total 3 in number for
12 monthsb. Researchers for Case
Studies
36 Man
months
5,000 180,000 Nine (9) in number for
4 months
c. Monitoring visits to the
three Process
Documentation sites
36 Man
times
3,000 108,000 Quarterly visits to the
sites by the 3 people
d. Data compilation, analysis
and report writing for the
case studies
4 Man
months
25,000 100,000 One person for two
months
e. Coordination and
supervision works
16 Man
months
20,000 320,000 For overall supervision
of all the activities
f. Data compilation, analysis
and report writing for the
process documentation
4 Man
months
25,000 100,000 One person for two
months
g. Field visits to nine CMIASP
sites for assistance
54 Man
times
3,000 162,000 2 visits by groups of on
an average 3 people
h. Moderation of workshops
(2+4) and Orientation
Training 1
7 Number 20,000 140,000
2 Equipment and Supplies:
a. Stationeries for FOs 3 No 4,000 12,000
b. Transportation and other
costs during monitoring
visits to process
documentation sites
12 sites 6,000 72,000
b. Training Materials
development for CIP
training
1 Lump
sum
30,000
3 Training, workshop, Seminar and Public Campaign
c. Conduction of Training
Need Assessment
25 particip
ants
400 15,000 For the CIP staff and
consultants
d. Training conduction for theCIP staff and consultant
1 No 150,000 Includes participants'costs and
remuneration for the
resource persons
e. Training evaluation and
follow-up
6 months 10,000 60,000
f. Conduction of WUA
Orientation Workshops
4 No 150,00
0
600,000 Includes four
orientation workshops
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 17/43
3
3
to be held in four
locations
g. Workshops 2 No 50,000 100,000 For dissemination of
study findings
4 Other Outputs
h. Report production 500 copies 200 100,000
i. Handbook printing 700 copies 200 140,000
SUB-TOTAL 2,641,000
5 Contingencies 132,050 5% of sub-total
GRAND TOTAL (in NRs) 2,773,050
In US$ (1 US$ = 70 Rs) 39,615
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 18/43
4
4
Annex 3
Measurable Performance Indicators
Design
Summary
Performance
Targets/Indicators
Data Sources/Reporting
Mechanisms
Assumptions
and Risks
Impact:
Enhanced agricultural
productivity andsustainability of FMISs
through multifunctional
engagement of WUAs
i. Increased cropping
intensity, crop
diversification andproductivity
ii. Efficient delivery of
agricultural production
inputs, technology and
related support
services
iii. Effective linkage with
market (infrastructure
and information)
enhancing return tothe farmers
iv. Enhanced engagement
and performance of
WUAs in the operation
and management of
the irrigation scheme
and irrigated
agriculture
• Sub-Project BME
Report
• Sub-Project Progressand Completion
Report
• Sub-Project Evaluation
Report
Assumptions
• Willingness and
cooperation of the WUAsin accepting enhanced
roles in the management
of irrigated agriculture
• Necessary system
operational for continued
monitoring of and
evaluation of performance
• Appreciation of value and
continued support from
within and outside DOI
Risks
• Conducive politicalconditions prevailing
throughout the project
cycle
• Timely execution of the
project cycle envisioned
under CMIASP
Outcome:
i. Evaluation of
possibilities of
enhanced engagementof WUAs in operation
and management of
irrigation and irrigated
agricultural system,
input supply and
marketing of
agricultural produces
ii. Development of
procedural guidelines
and identification of
needs of supportservices fostering
evolution of
multifunctional WUAs
in CMISP and CIP's sub-
projects and other
FMISs
i. Increased role of WUAs
in:
a. Operation andmanagement of
irrigation system and
related decision
making
b. Management of
agricultural production
inputs, knowledge/
technology and
marketing of
agricultural produce
c. networking with line
agencies, developmentorganizations and
private sector for the
mobilization of support
services
ii. Effectiveness of
procedural guidelines
to be adopted in
• Sub-Project BME
Report
• Sub-Project Progressand Completion
Report
• Sub-Project Evaluation
Report
• Review of
international and
domestic experiences
with multifunctional
WUAs• Review of policy
frameworks and
institutional
arrangements
fostering and/or
impeding evolution of
multifunctional WUAs
• Process
Assumptions:
• Willingness and
cooperation of the WUAs
in accepting enhancedroles in the management
of irrigated agriculture
• Necessary system
operational for continued
monitoring of and
evaluation of performance
• Appreciation of value and
continued support from
within and outside DOI
• FOs stationed in the
subprojects continue to
get effective cooperationfrom the WUA, users and
project personnel
Risks:
• Conducive political
conditions prevailing
throughout the project
cycle
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 19/43
5
5
CMIASP sub-projects
fostering evolution of
multifunctional WUAs
documentation report
on selected
subprojects
• Timely execution of the
project cycle envisioned
under CMIASP
Outputs:
i. Process
documentation report
focused to factors,
environment andprerequisites for the
evolution of
multifunctional WUAs;
ii. Case study report
documenting success
and failure cases of
development of
multifuntionality in
the WUAs in Nepal;
iii. Preparation of
handbook for
promoting /
developing
multifunctional WUAs
in Nepal;
iv. Conduction of
orientation training for
the CIP project staff
and consultants;
v. Backstopping to
CMIASP for WUA
Multifunction
Development in 9
selected sites; and
i. Four WUA OrientationWorkshops for
motivating them
towards multifunction.
i. Process diagnosis of
factors, environment
and prerequisites for
the developmentprocess of
multifunctional WUAs
ii. Case study to analyze
the factors
contributing the
development of
multifunctionality
iii. Capacity building of
the related staff in
terms of institutional
strengthening of
WUAs
iv. Dissemination of the
study findings through
appropriate forums
• Previous study
• Subproject process
documentation
reports• Interim procedural
guidelines for
adjustments in
subproject
implementation
framework
• Information collected
during field visits
Assumptions:
• Willingness and
cooperation of the WUAs
in accepting enhanced
roles in the managementof irrigated agriculture
• Necessary system
operational for continued
monitoring of and
evaluation of performance
• Appreciation of value and
continued support from
within and outside DOI
• FOs stationed in the
subprojects continue to
get effective cooperation
from the WUA, users and
project personnel
Risks:
• Conducive political
conditions prevailing
throughout the project
cycle
• Timely execution of the
project cycle envisioned
under CMIASP
Activities with Milestones:
1. Process Documentation of the 3 CMIASP Schemes
1.1 Mobilization, orientation and assignment of the
Field Observers.
1.2 Continuous data collection and their compilation
from the 3 selected sites
1.3 Report writing based on the analysis of collected
data
2. Case Study of the Selected 9 Irrigation Systems
2.1 Selection of the irrigation systems
2.2 Data collection from different systems
2.3 Data analysis
2.4 Report writing based on the analysis of collected
data
3. Training for CIP project staff / consultant
Inputs:
ADB
• Comments, suggestions and approval of study
approach and methodology
• Timely disbursement of funds
• Relevant literatures on evolutionary process and
performance of multifunctional WUAs from different
parts of the world
DOI / DOA
• Comments, suggestions and approval of the study
approach and methodology
• Formalization of steering committee
• Access to relevant documents and literatures
CMIASP / CIP
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 20/43
6
6
3.1 Conduction of Training Need Assessment (TNA)
3.2 Training course design
3.3 Conduction of the Training on Multi functional
WUA
3.4 Training evaluation and follow up
4. Dissemination of Study Findings
4.1 Conduction of workshops to discuss on the study
findings4.2 Publication of the report containing the study
findings
• Comments, suggestions and approval of the study
approach and methodology
• Suggestions on selection of subprojects for process
documentation research
• Local logistics (office, local transportation and access
to computer) for FOs stationed at sub-project level.
Honorarium of the FOs to be supported from the
study fund.
NFIWUAN / WUAs
• Support in selecting the appropriate WUAs
• Support in reaching out to the right contact person in
the WUAs
• Access to FOs to WUA documents, minutes of
meetings and decisions
• Access of FOs to WUA meeting
Collaborating Institutions
• Deputation of relevant personnel (as outlined in this
document) to work in the study team for the needed
duration• Access to computation and communication facilities
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 21/43
7
7
Annex 4
Process Documentation Methodology
Definition:
Process documentation is the activity of documenting all the events, their cause and their impact with
the objective of developing a better understanding of the topic.
Scope of Process Documentation:
Institutional develop of WUA towards assuming multiple functions.
Background:
Process documentation is basically the continuation of the activity conducted in the previous PDA.
When the previous PDA ended in December 2010 the physical improvement (construction) works in
most of the irrigation systems were not accomplished. Hence it was desired to see what will be impact
of the construction works on the subprojects and thus the same CMIASP sub-projects selected earlier
were continued. They are:
Tanting Kalikoshi Irrigation System in Arujundhara VDC in Jhapa District Sikhar Kateri Irrigation System in Ravi Opee VDC in Kavre District
Iku Dha Irrigation System in Thaibe VDC in Lalitpur District
Two-prone Objective of Process Documentation:
• Research aspect
• Positive intervention aspect
Research Aspects:
v. Improvement of physical infrastructures in the irrigation schemes undertaken as a part of the
support under CMIASP
vi. Capacity development of the WUAs relating to operation and management functions and
delivery of irrigation services.
vii. Improvement in the agricultural technology and practices aimed at enhancing the productivity
of irrigated agriculture.
viii. Initiatives of market promotion, women participation, micro-credit and income generating
activities aimed towards diversification of income opportunities of water users and their
livelihood improvement.
Output:
- Timeline: major events and activities related to the WUA (February to June 2012)
- Process Documentation Report (July 2012)
- Intervention strategy and work plan (August 2012)
- Positive interventions (September to December 2012)
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 22/43
8
8
Process Documentation Report
Table of content
1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
1.1 Location ...................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.2 Physical Characteristics .............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.2.1 Intake ............................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.2.2 Main Canal ....................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.2.3 Branch Canal .................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.2.4 Command Area ................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3 Socio-economic Status of Water Users ...................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3.1 Population Status ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3.2 Land Holding Pattern ....................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3.3 Educational Level ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3.4 Economic Status of Water Users ..................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.4 Agricultural Practices and Production Systems ........................................................ 42. EVOLUTION OF PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE ........... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
2.1 History of Establishment of Irrigation System ........... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2 Major Rehabilitations till date ................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3 Operation and Maintenance ...................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.4 Allocation and Distribution of Water ......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3 WATER USERS ASSOCIATION ................................. ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
3.1 Formation of WUA ..................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.2 Functionaries of WUA ................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.3 Working of WUA ........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 4. CMIASP INTERVENTIONS IN IKUDAHA ................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
4.1 Improvement of Physical Infrastructure .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.2 Capacity Building of WUAs ........................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.3 Improvement in Agriculture Technology .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.4 Initiative of Market Promotion and Income GenerationError! Bookmark not defined.
4.5 Overall Impact of CMIASP Interventions .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
5 MULTIFUNCTIONAL ENGAGEMENTS OF THE WUA . ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
5.1 Assessment of Present Status of WUA Engagement . Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.2 Suggestions for Enhancing Multifunctional Engagement Error! Bookmark not defined.
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 23/43
ii
Abbreviations and Acronyms
ADB Asian Development Bank
AMIS Agency Managed Irrigation System
APP Agricultural Perspective Plan
CBO Community Based Organization
CMIASP Community Managed Irrigated Agriculture Sector Project
DADO District Agricultural Development Office
DOI Department of Irrigation
DOA Department of Agriculture
FFS Farmers’ Field School
FMIS Farmer Managed Irrigation System
FMIST Farmer Managed Irrigation System Promotion Trust
INPIM-Nepal International Network of Participatory Irrigation Management-Nepal
IWRM Integrated Water Resources Management
NARC Nepal Agricultural Research Council
NGO Non-Governmental Organization
NFIWUAN National Federation of Irrigation Water Users Associations-Nepal
NWRS Nepal Water Resources Strategy
O&M Operation and Maintenance
PDA Pilot and Demonstration Activity
RETA Regional Technical Assistance (for knowledge and innovative support)
UNDP United Nations Development Program
VDC Village Development Committee
WUA Water Users’ Association
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 24/43
iii
Table of Content
Topics Page
Acronyms ii
Table of Content iii
1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................1
1.1 Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Objective of PDA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1
2. DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTIVITIES .........................................................................3
2.1 Proposed Activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3
2.2 Process Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 3
2.3 Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 4
2.4 Handbook Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.5 Orientation Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.6 Backstopping to CMIASP Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 5
2.7 WUA Orientation Workshops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 5
3. IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE AND FINANCIAL PLAN ....................................................7
3.1 Implementation Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . 7
3.2 Financial Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 7
3.3 PDA Outputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 8
4. MANAGEMENT AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT ..................................................9
4.1 Stakeholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 9
4.2 Accountability and Responsibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 9
4.3 Institutional Arrangements . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 10
5. MONITORING AND REPORTING SYSTEM ......................................................................11
5.1 Monitoring of Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 11
5.2 Reporting System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Annexes
Annex 1: Schedule of Project Activities 20
Annex 2: Cost Estimate of Activities 21
Annex 3: Measurable Performance Indicators 19
Annex 4: Detailed Description of Process Documentation 21
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 25/43
1
1. Introduction
1.1 Background
International Network on Participatory Irrigation Management - Nepal (INPIM-Nepal) carried out a
study titled “Demonstrating Enhanced Productivity in Irrigated Agricultural System through
Multifunctional Water Users’ Association” under ADB’s RETA 6498 during from July 14, 2009 to
December 31, 2010. The key conclusion of the study was the need to recognize the WUAs as an
effective institutional entity in the rural development setting contributing to the core needs of
irrigation infrastructure and services and irrigated agricultural production system. The WUAs were
observed to possess the natural potential of accepting and delivering much wider roles in the
irrigated areas beyond simple operation and maintenance. With large number of viable WUAs in the
country and their time tested capacities in organizing and managing irrigation infrastructure and
services, the potential of linking them to the economies at the local and national level through theirincreased roles in input supply, agriculture extension, diversification of agribusiness, marketing, etc.
revealed a huge opportunity to uplift the economic conditions of the agriculture based rural
communities of the country.
INPIM Nepal published and disseminated the study findings to all the related stakeholders in Nepal.
The work was well appreciated by ADB as well as other stakeholders.
In order to give continuity to the efforts and to build up on the achievements made by the PDA,
INPIM Nepal developed a follow-up PDA. A proposal was submitted to ADB in June 2011 and finally
approved in December 2011. This PDA after care has been entitled “Enhancing Irrigated AgricultureProductivity through Multifunctional Water Users' Associations and Its Dissemination”. The aim this
time was not only to make the previous effort comprehensive and complete but also to take the
findings one step ahead toward materializing them by providing the necessary backstopping to the
existing ADB supported irrigation projects in Nepal.
This inception report has been prepared to explain in detail the activities proposed in the PDA, its
work schedule, management and financial plan, institutional arrangement, and monitoring and
reporting system.
1.2 Objective of PDA
The main objective of this PDA is to give continuity and build up on the previous efforts of evaluating
the potential for and merit of building multifunctional water users associations (WUAs) in Nepalese
irrigation systems and to take it one step ahead by disseminating those findings through trainings
and workshops. The specific objectives of the research aspect are as follows: (i) to document the
process of evolution of multifunctional WUAs after the rehabilitation (construction) works; (ii) to
evaluate the factors, environment, and prerequisites for the evolution of multifunctional WUAs
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 26/43
2
through success and failure case studies that are representative of the different agro-ecological
zones of Nepal; (iii) to develop training material and to provide necessary trainings / backstopping in
terms of promoting multi-functionality in the ADB supported irrigation projects, namely, Community
Managed Irrigated Agriculture Sector Project (CMIASP) and Community Irrigation Project (CIP).
Thus the activities proposed in this PDA are expected to make significant contribution towards
institutionalizing multifunction among the WUAs. It is expected not only to establish the right
procedure through research but also to apply the findings through field level execution. More
specifically, it is considered to be very useful in linking the activities and achievements made by the
ADB-funded CMIASP to the project goal of enhancing agricultural productivity and sustainability of
farmer-managed irrigation systems by empowering WUA. Moreover, it is also expected to give a
right direction to CIP by timely orienting the staff and consultants about the approach for socio-
institutional strengthening of WUA.
1.3 Scope for Replication
Participatory Irrigation Management (PIM) has been adopted as distinct policy framework in
irrigation development in most countries in south and south-east Asia. In most of these countries,
the performance of irrigated agriculture continues to remain below satisfactory. This also continues
to remain challenge for the donors, government and development agencies to ensure food security
and livelihood improvement for the growing population. The quest has been enhancing the
productivity of irrigated agriculture through rehabilitation of irrigation infrastructures and
institutional improvements for enhanced operation and management services leading to water use
efficiency, crop diversification, increased cropping intensity and increased harvest size. The
objectives, expected outcomes and implementation frameworks foreseen in CMIASP and CIP are not
an isolated example in the region. Similar initiatives are underway in most countries in the region.The findings of this PDA, in selected subprojects under CMIASP and CIP, is therefore, expected to be
relevant to similar initiatives in other parts of the world. The relevance and modality of replication
of the study outcome would however be dictated by specific national and local level context of the
countries in question.
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 27/43
3
2. Description of Proposed Activities
2.1 Proposed Activities
The activities under this PDA shall essentially include:
Process Documentation and diagnosis for development / promotion of multifunctional
WUAs in selected FMISs under CMIASP
Case Study of selected irrigation systems (FMIS and AMIS) demonstrating successful and
failure models/examples of evolution of multifunctional WUAs
Preparation of Handbook suggesting process and areas for development of multifunction of
WUAs based on the study and research thus far;
Orientation Training for the CIP project staff and consultant on the process of developing
multifunction among the WUAs
Backstopping to CMIASP for promoting multifunction among WUAs in 9 selected sites
Organization of WUA Orientation Workshops on developing multifunction covering all theregions
These activities have been discussed one by one in further detail in the remaining sections of this
chapter of the Inception Report.
2.2 Process Documentation
For the process documentation, the same three subprojects under CMIASP selected earlier, will be
continued. They are:
Tanting Kalikoshi Irrigation System in Arujundhara VDC in Jhapa District
Sikhar Kateri Irrigation System in Ravi Opee VDC in Kavre District
Iku Dha Irrigation System in Thaibe VDC in Lalitpur District
In documenting the processes of developments of the WUA, efforts will be made to use the same
Farmer Observers (FOs) used earlier as they have already been trained and are also aware of the
historical background. They will be stationed in the respective subprojects and will document and
analyze the activities and changes in the WUAs. They will participate in the CMIASP implementation
activities on a daily basis and work with relevant WUA subcommittees, such as the Agriculture andSocial Development Subcommittee and the Subproject Monitoring Subcommittee. Through inquiry
with the water users, the FOs will also try to cover the missing period of gap between this study and
the previous one.
Process documentation will be mainly focused on:
i. Improvement of physical infrastructures in the irrigation schemes undertaken as a part of
the support under CMIASP
ii. Capacity development of the WUAs relating to operation and management functions and
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 28/43
4
delivery of irrigation services.
iii. Improvement in the agricultural technology and practices aimed at enhancing the
productivity of irrigated agriculture.
iv. Initiatives of market promotion, women participation, micro-credit and income generating
activities aimed towards diversification of income opportunities of water users and their
livelihood improvement.
This part will be completed by June 2012 and analysis and report writing will be done during the
month of July 2012. Appropriate strategies for backstopping will be identified during August 2012
and will be implemented from September to December 2012.
2.3 Case Study
For the case study, it has been proposed that nine (9) irrigation systems: three (3) from each of the
agro-ecological zones of Nepal: high mountains, middle hills and terai (flat planes), will be selected.
Additionally, the selection will be such that different community mixes are selected and at least onesystem out of three from each zone must be a failure case.
The distinction between success and failure cases will be made on the basis of whether the WUA has
been able to effectively take up multifunctional roles. Thus, those WUAs which have been register as
a farmers’ cooperative and have been reported to as being engages in multiple functions will be
considered as successful WUAs while those that have failed to do so will be considered as failure
cases. In order to confirm this, preliminary information of potential cases will be collected from the
regional irrigation offices.
The case studies will essentially be exploratory, diagnostic and narrative in nature. The study in each
system will be accomplished in two stages. The first stage will involve review of secondary sources
of information (published and unpublished reports, diagnostic studies, feasibility studies and past
research works). This will help generating the background information on the systems. The second
stage will involve in-depth diagnosis of processes and stages that led to evolution of multifunctional
WUAs. The lines of inquiries at this stage will involve:
i. Timelines of multifunctional engagements of WUAs
ii. Areas of multifunctional engagements
iii. Benefits resulting to water users from multifunctional engagements of WUAs
iv. Supporting and contradicting effects of multifunctional WUAs
v. Support services available from government and non-governmental organizations
vi. Lessons learnt
A diagnostic analysis will be made based on the information collected from the different cases as to
what elements contributed to the success or failure in developing multi-functionality. Also,
distinction will be made between the strengths and weaknesses among organically evolved WUAs
and agency sponsored WUAs while carrying out this analysis. Finally, the recommendations will be
made based on correlation between the parameters of success and failures and the technical, socio-
cultural, political and financial data pertaining to the different cases. The recommendation will also
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 29/43
5
include institutional structure and responsibilities, both at central and districts levels.
The case studies will be conducted scheduled during June-August, 2012. This period has been
selected for the case study considering that it coincides with the irrigation activity and major
agricultural activities.
2.4 Handbook Preparation
For the Handbook preparation, the contents will mainly be focused on the process of promoting /
developing multifunctional WUAs in Nepal. It will be primarily based on the findings of the studies
conducted so far (including the follow-up study mentioned above). It will be in simple Nepali and
will be at the level of the general farmers. INPIM Nepal will also collaborate with NFIWUAN for the
purpose of finalizing the content of the handbook.
2.5 Orientation Training
The Orientation Training for the CIP project staff and consultant will basically be aimed at creating
general awareness among the new staff and consultants in the projects about WUAs and how they
can be motivated to be engaged in multifunction. The training will be conducted tentatively during
August / September 2012. CIP is currently in the process of selection of the consultants. A meeting
was held with the Project Coordinator of CIP. It was decided that it will be better to develop the
program of the orientation training in consultation and coordination with the project team after the
consultants are hired.
2.6 Backstopping to CMIASP Sites
For the backstopping to CMIASP for promoting multifunction among WUA, nine of the CMIASP sites
will be selected. INPIM Nepal team along with the concerned CMIASP staff will make site visits to
the selected sites and conduct several rounds of discussions with the WUA to identify their present
status in terms of adapting multifunction and to recommend specific ways of going about it.
The nine sites will be representative of all CMIASP sites. They will be selected to include systems in
all agro ecological zones, including terai and hill systems, and they will include systems in both
eastern and central development region.
2.7 WUA Orientation Workshops
The WUA Orientation Workshops will mainly be targeted towards WUAs in the subprojects
supported by CMIASP and CIP. INPIM Nepal will take support from the two projects in selecting the
appropriate target group will also collaborate with NFIWUAN for reaching out to the WUA. Four
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 30/43
6
workshops will be conducted to cover the different area: in Biratnagar (for eastern region), Chitwon
(for central region), Pokhara (for western region) and Nepalgunj (Midwestern and Far-western
region).
The orientation workshops will also be based on the findings and lessons learned from the previous
and current process documentation and case studies. They will be conducted during the months of
October and November of 2012. Interaction and discussions will be held on the challenges that theWUAs face in moving towards multi-functionality. Appropriate solutions and measures will be
discussed and disseminated.
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 31/43
7
3. Implementation Schedule and Financial Plan
3.1 Implementation Schedule
This PDA will be carried out for a period of twelve months from the beginning of February 2012 up
to the end of January 2013. The activities will be carried out in the sequential order as proposed inAnnex 1. This sequence has been proposed because the findings from the stipulated studies
(process documentation and case studies) will be used for later dissemination activities.
3.2 Financial Plan
In accordance with the Letter of Agreement signed between the ADB and INPIM Nepal, ADB will
provide an amount of US $ 39,615 to cover the expenses for the implementation of the PDA based
as per the following scheme:
Upon signing of this Letter of Agreement $ 5,000
Upon submission and ADB’s acceptance of the Inception Report, and the SOE $15,000
Upon submission and ADB’s acceptance of the Mid-Term Progress Report and SOE $15,000
Upon submission and ADB’s acceptance of the Project Completion Report, and final SOE $ 4,615
INPIM Nepal will make all expenses within the framework of the approved cost estimate.
All cash advances will be liquidated as per ADB regulations together with original copy of invoice,
receipts and other supporting documents. Claim for airfare will be supported by (i) used/e-ticket, (ii)
receipts of purchase, and (iii) boarding passes. All documents will be translated in English. All
unutilized ADB funds will be returned to ADB in the original currency of payment within 30 days
upon completion of the PDA.
ADB funds shall be used exclusively to finance expenditures for the PDA. Goods and services
financed out of the ADB funds shall be procured in accordance with ADB’s Procurement Guidelines
dated February 2007, as amended from time to time, and, consultants financed out of the ADB
funds will be selected and engaged in accordance with the Guidelines on the use of Consultants by
Asian Development Bank and its Borrowers dated February 2007, as amended from time to time.
ADB funds shall not be used to finance expenditures related to capitalization, budget support, or
staffing requirements of the INPIM Nepal and other collaborating agencies, except for incremental
staffing from ADB member countries required for the PDA. It shall not be used to finance any local
taxes or duties.
Apart from the funds from ADB, INPIM Nepal will provide its own counterpart resources in cash or
kind, where appropriate, to complement the available resources for the PDA.
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 32/43
8
3.3 PDA Outputs
ADB and INPIM Nepal will jointly own all outcomes of the PDA, including any intellectual property
rights. The parties shall jointly publish the results of the PDA in a form and manner mutually agreed.
PDA outcomes shall be made available in the public domain and may be used in the public interest
by the INPIM Nepal, ADB and/or any of the intended beneficiaries of RETA 6498.
One of the important objectives of the PDA is to produce research results that could be actually
implemented in the existing CMIASP and CIP projects, towards developing effective and sustainable
WUAs.
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 33/43
9
4. Management and Institutional Arrangement
4.1 Stakeholders
The implementation of the activities shall be undertaken in tandem with government agencies
mainly DOI, DOLIDAR, and DOA. Close coordination will be maintained with the two main ADBfunded projects, viz. CMIASP and CIP.
The stakeholders of this study include DOI, DOA, CMIASP, ADB, NFIWUAN, WUAs and water users in
the selected subprojects. The participation of the stakeholders in the course of the study and in
utilizing the study findings have been foreseen at both project and sub-project level. At the project
level representatives from both CMIASP and CIP will be consulted from time to time. Progress of the
different PDA activities will be shared with the representatives from these projects. At the
subproject level, monthly meetings with the participation of the subproject personnel, WUA
functionaries and water users would be the forum to share the study findings that is expected to be
useful in micro-policy development specific to the subproject.
INPIM Nepal will contribute materials that can be used to disseminate the PDA’s learning through
ADB’s key initiative towards increasing public awareness and understanding of water issues,
encouraging dialogue among water stakeholders, and disseminating ADB’s water policy to
stakeholders, experts and decision-makers. The contributions can be in the form of case studies,
write-ups for e-newsletter or website, among others.
4.2 Accountability and Responsibility
INPIM Nepal will be fully responsible for the organization and conduction of the PDA. In order to
make each person responsible and accountable for individual tasks, INPIM Nepal will issue
agreements with individuals for each task.
In order to facilitate and assure efficient and effective implementation of the PDA as agreed, ADB
will oversee the implementation of the PDA through the designated activity officer from the
Environment, Natural Resources and Agriculture Division (SAER) of South Asia Regional Department
(SARD). The activity officer will monitor progress of the PDA on a periodic basis to ensure that all the
expected outputs are being achieved. The activity officers may undertake field visits to the pilot sites
as necessary to monitor PDA implementation progress;
The officials responsible for the implementation of this PDA shall be
For ADB: Director, Sustainable Infrastructure Division (RSID) in Regional and Sustainable
Development Division (RSDD), or any officer or officers as duly authorized by ADB in writing
For INPIM Nepal: Mr. Bashu Lohani, Secretary, or any officer or officers as duly authorized by such
representative of the INPIM Nepal in writing.
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 34/43
10
4.3 Institutional Arrangements
INPIM Nepal will assign a team for the smooth implementation of the PDA activities. The team will
be a multidisciplinary so that all the socio-technical and cross cutting issues can be effectively
addressed. It will also include a coordinator who will coordinate with the different members of the
team as well as take charge of the administrative and financial matters.
The study team will work in consultation with the concerned WUAs, the community organizers and
NGOs working with those WUAs, and DOI and DOA personnel. The working arrangements of the
PDA will be worked out the study team in collaboration and consultation with relevant government
agencies like DOI, DOLIDAR and DOA
In addition, two workshops have been proposed to be organized in the course of the study. Of the
two workshops, one is proposed to be organized during the stage of compilation of the study finding
so that valuable insights and significance of the data collected can be derived. The second workshop
is proposed to be organized towards the completion of the PDA so that outcome to the activities can
be shared to a wider audience.
A project level review committee has been constituted to review the research results periodically
and think of ways and means of incorporating the study findings in the implementation processes.
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 35/43
11
5. Monitoring and Reporting System
5.1 Monitoring of Activities
The activities at the sub-project level will be implemented through the farmer organizers in tandem
with government agencies mainly, DOI, DOLIDAR, and DOA. Close coordination will be maintainedwith the two main ADB funded projects, viz. CMIASP and CIP. The progress of process
documentation in the three sub-projects will be monitored by the three lead researchers. Monthly
report on process documentation outcome shall be prepared and presented at the sub-project level
review meeting on the last week of every month. One of the lead researchers will be present in the
review meeting.
5.2 Reporting System
Three reports based on the outcome of the PDA will be prepared and submitted to Regional
and Sustainable Development Department of ADB as per following schedule:
i. Inception Report: including description of proposed activities, description and
financial plan, institutional arrangement and reporting format to be submitted by
the end of February 2012.
ii. Mid-Term Report: to be submitted by the end of August 2012
iii. Final Report: to be submitted by the end of January 2013
The contents of the report shall include, but not limited to:
i. Activities undertaken and accomplished
ii. Major findings and outcomes
iii. Suggestions on ways and means of incorporating the study findings in the
implementation modalities of CMIASP and CIP
iv. Suggestions on dissemination of study findings to wider audience
v. Statement of expenditure
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 36/43
1
Annex 1
Schedule of Project Activities
S. N. Activities
2012 2013
F M A M J J A S O N D J
1 Preparation and submission of Inception Report
2a Process Documentation of multifunctional WUAs
in selected FMISs under CMIASP
2b Preparation of Process Documentation Report
2c Identify appropriate strategies for backstopping
2d Provide backstopping to WUA in terms of multi-
functions
3 Case Study of selected irrigation systems (FMIS
and AMIS) demonstrating successful and failure
models/examples of evolution of multifunctional
WUAs
4 Preparation and submission of Mid-term Report
5 Preparation of Handbook suggesting process and
areas for development of multifunction of WUAs
based on the study and research thus far6 Orientation Training for the CIP project staff and
consultant on the process of developing
multifunction among the WUAs
7 Backstopping to CMIASP for promoting
multifunction among WUAs in 9 selected sites
8 Organization of WUA Orientation Workshops on
developing multifunction covering all the regions
9 Preparation and submission of Final Report
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 37/43
Annex 2
Cost Estimate of the Activity
SN Description Qty. Unit Rate Total Remarks
1 Specialists Services:
a. Farmer Observers (FOs) for
Process Documentation
36 Man
months
7,000 252,000 One FO in each system
total 3 in number for
12 monthsb. Researchers for Case
Studies
36 Man
months
5,000 180,000 Nine (9) in number for
4 months
c. Monitoring visits to the
three Process
Documentation sites
36 Man
times
3,000 108,000 Quarterly visits to the
sites by the 3 people
d. Data compilation, analysis
and report writing for the
case studies
4 Man
months
25,000 100,000 One person for two
months
e. Coordination and
supervision works
16 Man
months
20,000 320,000 For overall supervision
of all the activities
f. Data compilation, analysis
and report writing for the
process documentation
4 Man
months
25,000 100,000 One person for two
months
g. Field visits to nine CMIASP
sites for assistance
54 Man
times
3,000 162,000 2 visits by groups of on
an average 3 people
h. Moderation of workshops
(2+4) and Orientation
Training 1
7 Number 20,000 140,000
2 Equipment and Supplies:
a. Stationeries for FOs 3 No 4,000 12,000
b. Transportation and other
costs during monitoring
visits to process
documentation sites
12 sites 6,000 72,000
b. Training Materials
development for CIP
training
1 Lump
sum
30,000
3 Training, workshop, Seminar and Public Campaign
c. Conduction of Training
Need Assessment
25 particip
ants
400 15,000 For the CIP staff and
consultants
d. Training conduction for theCIP staff and consultant
1 No 150,000 Includes participants'costs and
remuneration for the
resource persons
e. Training evaluation and
follow-up
6 months 10,000 60,000
f. Conduction of WUA
Orientation Workshops
4 No 150,00
0
600,000 Includes four
orientation workshops
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 38/43
3
3
to be held in four
locations
g. Workshops 2 No 50,000 100,000 For dissemination of
study findings
4 Other Outputs
h. Report production 500 copies 200 100,000
i. Handbook printing 700 copies 200 140,000
SUB-TOTAL 2,641,000
5 Contingencies 132,050 5% of sub-total
GRAND TOTAL (in NRs) 2,773,050
In US$ (1 US$ = 70 Rs) 39,615
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 39/43
4
4
Annex 3
Measurable Performance Indicators
Design
Summary
Performance
Targets/Indicators
Data Sources/Reporting
Mechanisms
Assumptions
and Risks
Impact:
Enhanced agricultural
productivity andsustainability of FMISs
through multifunctional
engagement of WUAs
i. Increased cropping
intensity, crop
diversification andproductivity
ii. Efficient delivery of
agricultural production
inputs, technology and
related support
services
iii. Effective linkage with
market (infrastructure
and information)
enhancing return tothe farmers
iv. Enhanced engagement
and performance of
WUAs in the operation
and management of
the irrigation scheme
and irrigated
agriculture
• Sub-Project BME
Report
• Sub-Project Progressand Completion
Report
• Sub-Project Evaluation
Report
Assumptions
• Willingness and
cooperation of the WUAsin accepting enhanced
roles in the management
of irrigated agriculture
• Necessary system
operational for continued
monitoring of and
evaluation of performance
• Appreciation of value and
continued support from
within and outside DOI
Risks
• Conducive politicalconditions prevailing
throughout the project
cycle
• Timely execution of the
project cycle envisioned
under CMIASP
Outcome:
i. Evaluation of
possibilities of
enhanced engagementof WUAs in operation
and management of
irrigation and irrigated
agricultural system,
input supply and
marketing of
agricultural produces
ii. Development of
procedural guidelines
and identification of
needs of supportservices fostering
evolution of
multifunctional WUAs
in CMISP and CIP's sub-
projects and other
FMISs
i. Increased role of WUAs
in:
a. Operation andmanagement of
irrigation system and
related decision
making
b. Management of
agricultural production
inputs, knowledge/
technology and
marketing of
agricultural produce
c. networking with line
agencies, developmentorganizations and
private sector for the
mobilization of support
services
ii. Effectiveness of
procedural guidelines
to be adopted in
• Sub-Project BME
Report
• Sub-Project Progressand Completion
Report
• Sub-Project Evaluation
Report
• Review of
international and
domestic experiences
with multifunctional
WUAs• Review of policy
frameworks and
institutional
arrangements
fostering and/or
impeding evolution of
multifunctional WUAs
• Process
Assumptions:
• Willingness and
cooperation of the WUAs
in accepting enhancedroles in the management
of irrigated agriculture
• Necessary system
operational for continued
monitoring of and
evaluation of performance
• Appreciation of value and
continued support from
within and outside DOI
• FOs stationed in the
subprojects continue to
get effective cooperationfrom the WUA, users and
project personnel
Risks:
• Conducive political
conditions prevailing
throughout the project
cycle
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 40/43
5
5
CMIASP sub-projects
fostering evolution of
multifunctional WUAs
documentation report
on selected
subprojects
• Timely execution of the
project cycle envisioned
under CMIASP
Outputs:
i. Process
documentation report
focused to factors,
environment andprerequisites for the
evolution of
multifunctional WUAs;
ii. Case study report
documenting success
and failure cases of
development of
multifuntionality in
the WUAs in Nepal;
iii. Preparation of
handbook for
promoting /
developing
multifunctional WUAs
in Nepal;
iv. Conduction of
orientation training for
the CIP project staff
and consultants;
v. Backstopping to
CMIASP for WUA
Multifunction
Development in 9
selected sites; and
i. Four WUA OrientationWorkshops for
motivating them
towards multifunction.
i. Process diagnosis of
factors, environment
and prerequisites for
the developmentprocess of
multifunctional WUAs
ii. Case study to analyze
the factors
contributing the
development of
multifunctionality
iii. Capacity building of
the related staff in
terms of institutional
strengthening of
WUAs
iv. Dissemination of the
study findings through
appropriate forums
• Previous study
• Subproject process
documentation
reports• Interim procedural
guidelines for
adjustments in
subproject
implementation
framework
• Information collected
during field visits
Assumptions:
• Willingness and
cooperation of the WUAs
in accepting enhanced
roles in the managementof irrigated agriculture
• Necessary system
operational for continued
monitoring of and
evaluation of performance
• Appreciation of value and
continued support from
within and outside DOI
• FOs stationed in the
subprojects continue to
get effective cooperation
from the WUA, users and
project personnel
Risks:
• Conducive political
conditions prevailing
throughout the project
cycle
• Timely execution of the
project cycle envisioned
under CMIASP
Activities with Milestones:
1. Process Documentation of the 3 CMIASP Schemes
1.1 Mobilization, orientation and assignment of the
Field Observers.
1.2 Continuous data collection and their compilation
from the 3 selected sites
1.3 Report writing based on the analysis of collected
data
2. Case Study of the Selected 9 Irrigation Systems
2.1 Selection of the irrigation systems
2.2 Data collection from different systems
2.3 Data analysis
2.4 Report writing based on the analysis of collected
data
3. Training for CIP project staff / consultant
Inputs:
ADB
• Comments, suggestions and approval of study
approach and methodology
• Timely disbursement of funds
• Relevant literatures on evolutionary process and
performance of multifunctional WUAs from different
parts of the world
DOI / DOA
• Comments, suggestions and approval of the study
approach and methodology
• Formalization of steering committee
• Access to relevant documents and literatures
CMIASP / CIP
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 41/43
6
6
3.1 Conduction of Training Need Assessment (TNA)
3.2 Training course design
3.3 Conduction of the Training on Multi functional
WUA
3.4 Training evaluation and follow up
4. Dissemination of Study Findings
4.1 Conduction of workshops to discuss on the study
findings4.2 Publication of the report containing the study
findings
• Comments, suggestions and approval of the study
approach and methodology
• Suggestions on selection of subprojects for process
documentation research
• Local logistics (office, local transportation and access
to computer) for FOs stationed at sub-project level.
Honorarium of the FOs to be supported from the
study fund.
NFIWUAN / WUAs
• Support in selecting the appropriate WUAs
• Support in reaching out to the right contact person in
the WUAs
• Access to FOs to WUA documents, minutes of
meetings and decisions
• Access of FOs to WUA meeting
Collaborating Institutions
• Deputation of relevant personnel (as outlined in this
document) to work in the study team for the needed
duration• Access to computation and communication facilities
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 42/43
7
7
Annex 4
Process Documentation Methodology
Definition:
Process documentation is the activity of documenting all the events, their cause and their impact with
the objective of developing a better understanding of the topic.
Scope of Process Documentation:
Institutional develop of WUA towards assuming multiple functions.
Background:
Process documentation is basically the continuation of the activity conducted in the previous PDA.
When the previous PDA ended in December 2010 the physical improvement (construction) works in
most of the irrigation systems were not accomplished. Hence it was desired to see what will be impact
of the construction works on the subprojects and thus the same CMIASP sub-projects selected earlier
were continued. They are:
Tanting Kalikoshi Irrigation System in Arujundhara VDC in Jhapa District Sikhar Kateri Irrigation System in Ravi Opee VDC in Kavre District
Iku Dha Irrigation System in Thaibe VDC in Lalitpur District
Two-prone Objective of Process Documentation:
• Research aspect
• Positive intervention aspect
Research Aspects:
v. Improvement of physical infrastructures in the irrigation schemes undertaken as a part of the
support under CMIASP
vi. Capacity development of the WUAs relating to operation and management functions and
delivery of irrigation services.
vii. Improvement in the agricultural technology and practices aimed at enhancing the productivity
of irrigated agriculture.
viii. Initiatives of market promotion, women participation, micro-credit and income generating
activities aimed towards diversification of income opportunities of water users and their
livelihood improvement.
Output:
- Timeline: major events and activities related to the WUA (February to June 2012)
- Process Documentation Report (July 2012)
- Intervention strategy and work plan (August 2012)
- Positive interventions (September to December 2012)
8/2/2019 NEP PDA: Enhancing Irrigated Agricultural Productivity through Multifunctional Water Users’ Associations and Its Diss…
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/nep-pda-enhancing-irrigated-agricultural-productivity-through-multifunctional 43/43
8
Process Documentation Report
Table of content
1 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................ 1
1.1 LOCATION..........................................................................................................1
1.2 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS.............................................................................. 1
1.2.1 INTAKE................................................................................................. 1
1.2.2 MAIN CANAL........................................................................................ 1
1.2.3 BRANCH CANAL.................................................................................... 2
1.2.4 COMMAND AREA................................................................................. 2
1.3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS OF WATER USERS................................................... 2
1.3.1 POPULATION STATUS........................................................................... 2
1.3.2 LAND HOLDING PATTERN ................................................................... 2
1.3.3 EDUCATIONAL LEVEL ........................................................................... 3
1.3.4 ECONOMIC STATUS OF WATER USERS................................................. 3
1.4 AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES AND PRODUCTION SYSTEMS................................. 4
2. EVOLUTION OF PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE............................................................. 7
2.1 HISTORY OF ESTABLISHMENT OF IRRIGATION SYSTEM..................................... 7
2.2 MAJOR REHABILITATIONS TILL DATE................................................................. 7
2.3 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE...................................................................... 7
2.4 ALLOCATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF WATER.................................................... 8
3 WATER USERS ASSOCIATION.................................................................................... 9
3.1 FORMATION OF WUA........................................................................................ 9
3.2 FUNCTIONARIES OF WUA.................................................................................. 9
3.3 WORKING OF WUA............................................................................................ 10
4. CMIASP INTERVENTIONS IN IKUDAHA ...................................................................... 11
4.1 IMPROVEMENT OF PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE.............................................. 11
4.2 CAPACITY BUILDING OF WUAS.......................................................................... 11
4.3 IMPROVEMENT IN AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY............................................... 11
4.4 INITIATIVE OF MARKET PROMOTION AND INCOME GENERATION................... 11
4.5 OVERALL IMPACT OF CMIASP INTERVENTIONS................................................. 11
5 MULTIFUNCTIONAL ENGAGEMENTS OF THE WUA.................................................... 12
5 1 ASSESSMENT OF PRESENT STATUS OF WUA ENGAGEMENT 12