Nervous Notes

7/31/2019 Nervous Notes

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Control and CoordinationThe Senses


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Light rays,

sound waves,

heat,

chemicals or

pressure inyour

environment

stimulate yoursense organs


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Five senses:

1.Vision - Light stimulates rods (dim light) and cones

(colors) and sends impulse to brain. Sometimes you

can confuse the brain with illusions like these.
http://www.exploratorium.edu/exhibits/changingill/http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/current/tmp/My%20Documents/Sutton%20Files/Life%20Science/science%20ed%20documents/Human%20Body/Nervous%20System/what%20i%20use/optical%20illusions/lsps07_int_visillusions.htmlhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/current/tmp/My%20Documents/Sutton%20Files/Life%20Science/science%20ed%20documents/Human%20Body/Nervous%20System/what%20i%20use/optical%20illusions/lsps07_int_visillusions.htmlhttp://www.exploratorium.edu/exhibits/changingill/


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3-4. Smell and Taste work closely together

Molecules in air stimulate nerve cells - olfactory cells

in nasal passages and taste buds on tongue


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5. Touch - found in organs and skin

and pick up changes in pressure,pain, and temperature


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Control and CoordinationThe Nervous System
http://www.simpsonstrivia.com.ar/simpsons-photos/wallpapers/homer-simpson-wallpaper-brain-1024.jpghttp://mithrandr.moria.org/albums/jeremy/jeremy_razzball.sized.jpg


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Nervous system

- receives and responds to information about what

happens inside and outside of body- Stimulus - any change that brings about a

response (reaction)

- maintains homeostasis

N ll h i i f i ( i l )
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/aqa/human/thenervoussystemact.shtmlhttp://www.kineticcity.com/mindgames/sleuron/http://www.kineticcity.com/mindgames/sleuron/http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/aqa/human/thenervoussystemact.shtmlhttp://www.brainsrule.com/kids/games/ne.htmhttp://www.brainsrule.com/kids/games/ne.htm


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Neuron cell that carries information (nerve impulse)through the body

Has three parts:

- Cell body (C) contains nucleus- Dendrites (B) carries impulse toward cell body

- Axon (A) carries impulse away from cell body
http://www.brainsrule.com/kids/games/ne.htmhttp://www.brainsrule.com/kids/games/ne.htmhttp://www.rigb.org/contentControl?action=displayContent&id=00000001875


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Three types ofneurons:

- Sensory neuron receives information from senses

- Interneuron carries impulse from sensory neuron to

motor neuron

- Motor neuron sends impulse to muscle for action
http://www.rigb.org/contentControl?action=displayContent&id=00000001875http://www.rigb.org/contentControl?action=displayContent&id=00000001875


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How impulses travel:

- Nerve cells do not

touch

- Synapse - a space

between nerve cells

- When an impulsereaches the end of an

axon, a chemical is

released that moves

across the synapse tothe dendrite of the next

neuron


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Central nervous system (CNS) - made up of brain

and spinal cord

- The brain is the control center of the body
http://nobelprize.org/educational_games/medicine/split-brain/splitbrainexp.html


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Brain:

1. Cerebrum - interprets impulses from senses,

processes thoughts, stores memories, and

controls movement
http://nobelprize.org/educational_games/medicine/split-brain/splitbrainexp.htmlhttp://nobelprize.org/educational_games/medicine/split-brain/splitbrainexp.html


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2. Cerebellum coordination and balance


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Spinal cord - links brain with peripheral

nervous system. Controls reflexes.

Protected by vertebrae.

P i h l t (PNS)


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Peripheral nervous system (PNS) nerves

branch from CNS (brain/spinal cord) to body

- Somatic N.S:

voluntary

actions

- Autonomic

N.S:

involuntary

actions

(reflexes)

D lik l h l d ff i ff t


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Drugs like alcohol and caffeine affect your

nervous system

Alcohol slows the activities of the central

nervous system

Caffeine speeds up the activity of the central

nervous system

Olny srmat poelpe can


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Olny srmat poelpe can

I cdnuolt blveiee that I cluod aulaclty uesdnatnrd what I wasrdanieg. The phaonmneal pweor of the huamn mnid, aoccdrnigto rscheearch at Cmabridge Uinervtisy, is it deosnt mttaer in

what order the ltteers in a word are, the only iprmoatnt thing isthat the frist and lsat ltteer be in the rghit pclae. The rset canbe a taotl mses and you can still raed it wouthit a porbelm. Thisis bcuseae the haumn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef,but the wrod as a wlohe. Amzanig huh? Yaeh and I awlyas

tghuhot slpeling was ipmorantt!!1. Why is it that the human brain is able to read the above

passage?

2. What do you think the above passage says about the

importance of spelling words correctly for humanunderstanding?

3. Do you think your language arts teachers would be swayedinto believing that spelling is unnecessary in their class? Why orwhy not?


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Title: Reaction TimePurpose: To determine reaction time

by measuring how long you take tocatch a falling ruler.

Procedure: During two separatetests, you will catch a falling rulerreleased by your classmate usingyour thumb and forefinger. In one

test, you will focus on catching theruler. In the other, you will bedistracted with doing multiplicationin your head while trying to catchthe ruler.

Hypothesis: Will your reactiontime be faster during normalconditions or distractedconditions?Why? ___________

_____________________________


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Conclusions:

1. What is meant by reaction time?

2. What is your average reaction time in secondsunder normal conditions (no distraction)?

Under distracted conditions?

3. Under which condition (undistracted ordistracted) was your average reaction time

shorter? Why do you think this happened?

4. Does any student have a reaction time of

zero? Why might this be an unusual thing?

5. What is the stimulus in this experiment? What

is the response?