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Nervous System. Alex Wiemann. Function of Nervous System. C oordinates actions and transmits signals between parts of a body. Definition. Central nervous system brain and spinal cord integrate information from the periphery and coordinate activities P eripheral nervous system - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Nervous SystemAlex Wiemann
Function of Nervous SystemCoordinates actions and transmits signals
between parts of a body
DefinitionCentral nervous system
brain and spinal cord integrate information from the periphery and
coordinate activities Peripheral nervous system
provides input to the CNS from the periphery carries signals to muscles and glands
Structure of a Neuron
Simple Reflex ArcHarmful sensory input is received by
receptors in the skinSignal is sent to spinal cord Spinal cord activates motor neuronBody pulls away from harmful sensory input
Simple Reflex Arc
Brain Structure and FunctionCerebral hemispheres
occipital lobes: receive and processes visual information
temporal lobes: receive auditory signals and process language
parietal lobes: integrates sensory information and processes information about touch, taste, pressure, pain, and temperature
frontal lobes: integrates and conducts motor activity, conducts speech and thought processes
Brain Structure and FunctionDiencephalon
thalamus integrates sensory and motor information hypothalamus interacts with the autonomic nervous
system and maintains homeostasis Brain stem
Midbrain control posture, walking, and reflexes of eye movements
Medulla: autonomic function including heart rate and breathing
Pons: auditory, vestibular, sensory, and motor systems Cerebellum: coordination, balance, and motor
learning.
Brain Structure
Nerve ImpulseResting potential + sensory input threshold
potential met nerve depolarization + repolarization = action potential refractory period = hyperpolarization resting potential
Nerve Impulse Pathway
NeurotransmittersNTs are molecules that relay signals from the
presynaptic neuron to the postsynaptic cellAction potential Synapse synaptic cleft
postsynaptic membrane NT release
Cerebral Vascular AccidentsDescription: blood flow to part of brain
disruptedTypes: Ischemic or thrombotic
Signs and symptoms: headache, change in alertness, confusion, difficulty writing, loss of balance, muscle weakness, slurred speech
Prevalence: 3rd most common cause of death in US
Treatment: thrombolytic therapy, anticoagulants/blood thinners, surgery
Parkinson’s DiseaseDescription: slowly progressive, degenerative
disease resulting from loss of dopamine-producing brain cells
Signs and symptoms: tremor, stiffness/rigidity, slow movement, impaired balance
Prevalence: 1 million Americans currentlyTreatment: medication (L-dopa, carbidopa),
Deep Brain Stimulation, neural grafting
Resourceshttp://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-the-Nervous-System.
aspxhttp
://www.news-medical.net/health/Function-of-the-Nervous-System.aspx
http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/biobooknerv.html
http://www.columbia.edu/cu/psychology/courses/1010/mangels/neuro/anatomy/structure.html
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001740 /http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5619a2.htmhttp://medicalcenter.osu.edu/patientcare/healthcare_services/nerv
ous_system/parkinsons/Pages/index.aspx