NES 716 Requirements for Winterization on HM Surface Ships - Category 2

Ministry of Defence Defence Standard 02-716

Issue 2 Publication Date 22 March 2002

Requirements for Winterization on HMSurface Ships

Category 2

AMENDMENTS ISSUED SINCE PUBLICATION

AMD NO DATE OFISSUE

TEXT AFFECTED SIGNATURE &DATE

Revision Note

This Issue of this Standard has been prepared to incorporate changes to text and presentation.The technical content has been updated in line with current practice.

Historical Record

Def Stan 02-716 Issue 1 1 April 2000NES 716 Issue 2 July 1992.NES 716 Issue 1

1DEFENCE STANDARD 02716 (NES 716 )

REQUIREMENTS FOR WINTERIZATION ON HM SURFACESHIPS

ISSUE 2 FEBRUARY 2002

This Defence Standard is

authorized for use in MOD contracts

by the Defence Procurement Agency and

the Defence Logistics Organization

Published by:

UK Defence StandardizationDefence Procurement AgencyAn Executive Agency of The Ministry of DefenceDirectorate of StandardizationKentigern House65 Brown StreetGlasgow G2 8EX

DEF STAN 02716 / ISSUE 2(NES 716 )

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SCOPE

1. This Defence Standard 02716 (NES 716) specifies the design requirements and the measuresto be taken for the Winterization of systems and equipment on HM Surface Ships. It includesrequirements for de-icing aids and methods of removing snow and ice.


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FOREWORDSponsorship

1. This Defence Standard is sponsored by the Warship Support Agency (WSA), Ministry ofDefence (MOD).

2. Any user of this Standard either within MOD or in industry may propose an amendment toit. Proposals for amendments that are not directly applicable to a particular contract are tobe made to the publishing authority identified on Page (i), and those directly applicable to aparticular contract are to be dealt with using contract procedures.

3. If it is found to be unsuitable for any particular requirement MOD is to be informed in writingof the circumstances.

4. No alteration is to be made to this Standard except by the issue of an authorized amendment.

5. Unless otherwise stated, reference in this Standard to approval, approved, authorized andsimilar terms, means by the MOD in writing.

6. Any significant amendments that may be made to this Standard at a later date will be indicatedby a vertical sideline. Deletions will be indicated by 000 appearing at the end of the lineinterval.

7. This standard has been reissued to reflect changes in Departmental Nomenclature due to theMOD reorganization and the changes to technical requirements.

Conditions of ReleaseGeneral

8. This Defence Standard has been devised solely for the use of the MOD, and its contractors inthe execution of contracts for the MOD. To the extent permitted by law, the MOD herebyexcludes all liability whatsoever and howsoever arising (including but without limitation,liability resulting from negligence) for any loss or damage however caused when the Standardis used for any other purpose.

9. This document is Crown Copyright and the information herein may be subject to Crown orthird party rights. It is not to be released, reproduced or published without written permissionof the MOD.

10. The Crown reserves the right to amend or modify the contents of this Standard withoutconsulting or informing any holder.

MOD Tender or Contract Process11. This Standard is the property of the Crown. Unless otherwise authorized in writing by the

MOD must be returned on completion of the contract, or submission of the tender, inconnection with which it is issued.

12. When this Standard is used in connection with a MOD tender or contract, the user is to ensurethat he is in possession of the appropriate version of each document, including relateddocuments, relevant to each particular tender or contract. Enquiries in this connection maybe made to the authority named in the tender or contract.

13. When Defence Standards are incorporated into MOD contracts, users are responsible for theircorrect application and for complying with contractual and other statutory requirements.Compliance with a Defence Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.


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Categories of Naval Defence Standard14. The Category of this Standard has been determined using the following criteria:

a. Category 1. If not applied may have a Critical affect on the following:

Safety of the vessel, its complement or third parties.

Operational performance of the vessel, its systems or equipment.

b. Category 2. If not applied may have a Significant affect on the following:

Safety of the vessel, its complement or third parties.

Operational performance of the vessel, its systems or equipment.

Through life costs and support.

c. Category 3. If not applied may have a Minor affect on the following:

MOD best practice and fleet commonality.

Corporate experience and knowledge.

Current support practice.

Related Documents15. In the tender and procurement processes the related documents listed in each section and

Annex A can be obtained as follows:

a. British Standards British Standards Institution,389 Chiswick High Road,London, W4 4AL

b. Defence Standards Defence Procurement AgencyAn Executive Agency of the Ministry of DefenceDirectorate of StandardisationKentigern House65 Brown StreetGlasgow, G2 8EX.

c. Other documents Tender or Contract Sponsor to advise.

16. All applications to the MOD for related documents are to quote the relevant MOD Invitationto Tender or Contract number and date, together with the sponsoring Directorate and theTender or Contract Sponsor.

17. Prime Contractors are responsible for supplying their subcontractors with relevantdocumentation, including specifications, standards and drawings.

Health and SafetyWarning

18. This Defence Standard may call for the use of processes, substances and/or procedures thatare injurious to health if adequate precautions are not taken. It refers only to technicalsuitability and in no way absolves either the supplier or the user from statutory obligationsrelating to health and safety at any stage of manufacture or use. Where attention is drawn tohazards, those quoted may not necessarily be exhaustive.

19. This Standard has been written and is to be used taking into account the policy stipulated inJSP 430: MOD Ship Safety Management System Handbook.

Additional Information20. (There is no relevant information included.)


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CONTENTSPage No

TITLE PAGE 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SCOPE 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FOREWORD 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sponsorship 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conditions of Release 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Categories of Naval Defence Standard 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Related Documents 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health and Safety 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Additional Information 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CONTENTS 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION 1. PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION 7. . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION 2. NATIONAL/INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS 7

SECTION 3. MILITARY STANDARDS/REQUIREMENTS 7. . . . 3.1 Design and Installation Requirements 7. . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.1 Upper Deck Equipment 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.2 Ventilation and Air Conditioning 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.3 Thermal Insulation 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.4 Exposed or Isolated Positions 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.5 Windows in Enclosed Bridges and

Enclosed Control Positions 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.6 Exposed Control Positions 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.7 Weatherdeck Equipment 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.8 Flight-Deck Equipment 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.9 Boat Equipment 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.10 Minesweeping Equipment 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.11 Mechanical Bathythermographs 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.12 Expendable Bathythermograph Sonar 2015 10. . . . . . 3.1.13 Air Escapes and Ventilation Openings in

Exposed Positions 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.14 Gas Turbine Air Intakes 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.15 Weather Doors and Draught Screens 11. . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.16 Fire Extinguishers and Foam Stowages 11. . . . . . . . . . 3.1.17 Salt Water Systems 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.18 Fresh Water Systems 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.19 Pre-wetting Systems 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.20 Miscellaneous Electric Heating 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.21 Fore-Decks 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.22 Guard Wires and Standing Rigging 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.23 Hawse Pipes 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


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Page No3.1.24 Stores 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.25 Spurnwaters 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.26 Look-out Positions 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.27 Replenishment at Sea 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.28 Aerials 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.29 Mast Structure 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 De-icing and Protective Measures 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.1 Grease and De-Icing Compound 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.2 Application 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 Removal of Snow and Ice 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.1 Ice Patrols 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.2 Manual 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.3 Salt Water 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.4 Small-Bore Hose and Hot Water 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.5 Steam Jet 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 Lubrication 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION 4. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS/GUIDANCE 16. . . . . . .

SECTION 5. CORPORATE EXPERIENCE & KNOWLEDGE 16.

ANNEX A RELATED DOCUMENTS 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ANNEX B ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS 18. . . . . . . .

ANNEX C PROCUREMENT CHECK LIST 19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ALPHABETICAL INDEX 21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


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1. PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION

(No relevant information included)

2. NATIONAL/INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS


3. MILITARY STANDARDS/REQUIREMENTSRelated Documents: BS 5970; STANAG 1196; DEF STAN 01-05; DEF STAN 02-102Part 1; DEF STAN 02112; DEF STAN 02538; DEF STAN 02539;DEF STAN 02596; DEF STAN 02703; DEF STAN 07204 Part 3;DEF STAN 07218; DEF STAN 08123; DEF STAN 20-3; BR 3009; see also Annex A.

3.1 Design and Installation Requirements

a. HM Surface Ships and equipments shall be capable of remaining fullyoperational under all the conditions specified in DEF STAN 08-123 and shallbe capable of withstanding heavy icing of the superstructure, weatherdeck andexposed equipment.

b. For the purposes of design, the minimum air temperature shall be taken as-10C.

c. Equipment shall be protected by the provision of heating facilities andprotective covers. Where applicable and practical these provisions shall beincorporated into the equipment during the design stage.

3.1.1 Upper Deck Equipment

a. All upper deck equipment shall be protected. Particular care shall be taken forequipment connected with the following functions and operations:

(1) Air and surface search and detection;

(2) Submarine search and detection;

(3) Sonar and Towed Torpedo Decoys;

(4) Aircraft direction and handling;

(5) Helicopter operations;

(6) Communications;

(7) Main and Auxiliary Gunnery Armament;

(8) Main and Auxiliary Missile Armament;

(9) Navigation and mobility;

(10) Replenishment at Sea (RAS) arrangements;

(11) Habitability and operational compartments;

(12) Lifesaving;

(13) AntiSubmarine Weapons;


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(14) Firefighting;

(15) Prewetting;

(16) Weather access doors and ladders, lookout positions and access thereto;

(17) Operation of gas flaps to ventilation systems;

(18) Operation of mine countermeasures equipment;

(19) Operation of anchor and cable equipment;

(20) Gas Turbine Intakes and bypass openings.

b. Information regarding the selection of small electrical fittings is contained inDEF STAN 02-538, the design of supply systems for portable electricalequipment in DEF STAN 02-539 and heating components inDEF STAN 02-596.

3.1.2 Ventilation and Air Conditioning

a. Requirements for air conditioning and ventilation are covered byDEF STAN 02102 Part 1, in which full allowance has been made forwinterization requirements.

b. Airconditioning systems are designed to maintain a temperature of 18C in allliving spaces when the outside ambient temperature is -10C. Occasionallyoutside air temperatures in the region of -18C may be encountered for shortperiods but these are exceptional and the heating margins available will ensurethat no unacceptable penalties are involved. When ships are serving in verycold areas it is important that airlocks are available at all doors giving access tothe open air.

c. For relative humidity measurements at low temperatures a suitable instrumentsuch as a Thermo Hygrometer, which works down to -10C, is required.

3.1.3 Thermal Insulation

a. Information on thermal insulation is contained in DEF STAN 02-703 andBS 5970:1992.

3.1.4 Exposed or Isolated Positions

a. The supply of heat to meet the requirements laid down for exposed or isolatedpositions shall be by electrical methods, wherever possible.

3.1.5 Windows in Enclosed Bridges and Enclosed Control Positions

a. Selected windows in enclosed Bridges and Control Positions shall be fitted withelectrically heated glass panels and control units, wipers and heated FreshWater (FW) spray nozzles.

NOTE Although the glass panels can be kept ice free, it is possible for thewindows to be partially obscured after prolonged icing by ice bridgingacross from the window frames clear of the glass.

b. Requirements for electrically heated windows are given in DEFSTAN 203.

c. Requirements for Windows and Wipers are given in DEF STAN 02-112.

3.1.6 Exposed Control Positions

a. Control positions that cannot be permanently enclosed shall be provided withprotection from the direct force of the wind and shall be fitted with a heatingfacility.


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3.1.7 Weatherdeck Equipment

a. Steamdriven deck machinery shall be provided with continuous steamheating. Exposed piping shall be insulated and the steam supply and drainpipes shall be insulated together.

b. Electrically driven mechanical equipment does not normally need heating.However, provision shall be made for builtin heaters to be fitted within theequipment when low temperatures could cause deterioration or damage.

c. Where hydraulic control gear for operating deck machinery is exposed to theweather, it shall be protected by heating fitted underneath lagging.

d. All equipment control handles shall be suitably insulated to protect operatorshands from heat loss. Waterproof covers of PVCcoated nylon cloth shall beprovided for all mechanical and electrical equipment exposed to spray, e.g.capstans, windlasses, winches, cable reels, searchlights and consoles and as faras possible, mechanical portions of mechanically operated davits. Covers shallbe a snug fit and well supported to withstand severe weather conditions. Thecovers shall be removed prior to turning to prevent tearing and to allow a leakcheck to be carried out.

e. Arrangements shall be made to prevent the ingress of water into exposeddeckequipment. If this is not possible adequate drainage facilities shall beprovided. During service in subarctic waters, all exposed moving parts of deckmachinery and mechanical equipment and parts to which water may penetrateare to be adequately protected by lowtemperature greases and the liberal use ofdeicing compound, as detailed in Clauses 3.2.1a. and 3.2.2a. Thesearrangements, as further described at Clause 3.2 shall be implemented byShips Staff before sailing to the colder climate.

f. Where operators are required to remain by their equipment, such as RASwinches, for long periods, facilities shall be provided to permit temporaryprotection to be rigged when required.

g. Stowage facilities shall be provided for the appropriate quantities of deicingcompound, mallets, shovels, etc.

3.1.8 Flight-Deck Equipment

a. Components of flightdeck equipment and decklanding aids that are in exposedpositions shall be provided with heating facilities.

b. Internalcombustion engine driven flightdeck equipment, such as mobilecranes, fork lift trucks and tractors, shall be fitted with engine, radiator andbattery heating.

3.1.9 Boat Equipment

a. Boats that are stowed in davits or on exposed decks shall be fitted withwaterproof covers that shall extend over and carry well below the gunwale. Thisprovision will ensure that the boats are not filled with ice and snow and caneasily be prepared for slipping.

b. The sheaves of boat falls shall be covered by a sleeve of PVCcoated nylon clothso that both upper and lower sheaves are housed when in the stowed position.The exposed portion of the boats falls shall be kept to a minimum.


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c. Drain cocks shall be fitted so that the engine cooling system can be completelydrained. Crank case breather pipes shall be led into the air intakes. Whereappropriate, antifreeze shall be added to closed cycle cooling systems.

d. If possible, engineblock heaters shall be installed in boat engines but, for thosenot so fitted, electric heaters shall be provided for warming engines prior tostarting.

e. Stowage shall be provided for the fitting of extra batteries under winterizationconditions with the provision of charging facilities.

f. The slip and screw of liferaft stowages and hydrostatic release gear, wherefitted, shall be well sheltered and fitted with waterproof PVCcoated nyloncloth covers.

3.1.10 Minesweeping Equipment

a. All roller fairleads, davit head sheaves, etc., shall be supplied with waterproofcovers for protection.

b. Magnetic sweep, acoustic sweep and minesweeping winches in Mine CounterMeasure Vessels (MCMV) and Single Role Mine Hunters (SRMH) shall beprovided with low surface temperature electric heaters for use under the reeland winch covers. Waterproof covers shall be provided for acoustic sweeps andall associated wires shall be well greased. See Clause 3.2.

3.1.11 Mechanical Bathythermographs

a. Stowage shall be provided inside the superstructure for theBathythermographs.

b. The winch shall be provided with a waterproof PVCcoated nylon cloth cover.

3.1.12 Expendable Bathythermograph Sonar 2015

a. Stowage shall be provided in the Sonar Control Room for the probes andrecorder.

b. The launcher barrel shall be fitted with a suitable plug to prevent the ingress ofwater and possible formation of ice in the bore.

3.1.13 Air Escapes and Ventilation Openings in Exposed Positions

a. The number of air escapes and ventilation openings fitted in exposed positionsforward of the bridge structure shall be kept to a minimum as such openingswill inevitably become iced over under severe icing conditions. In addition suchobstructions tend to increase the rate of ice buildup in the area and increase thedifficulties of ice clearance after the weather abates. Normal closed downarrangements will have to be accepted for the systems served for periods of up toseveral days, until conditions permit the ice to be cleared manually.

b. Weather inlets serving air filtration units and those serving systems fitted witha gauze screen as protection against transmission of flame shall be fitted withheating facilities in all cases.

c. Ventilation openings serving vital services shall be sited in positions where theywill be given maximum protection from heavy spray. Possible methods ofachieving this include siting such openings in the lee of a superstructure, in arecess in a superstructure or by providing two intakes, one each fitted Port andStarboard facing in opposite directions. Where large air inlets and large airvolumes are involved, heating facilities would tend to be elaborate and costlyand these simpler methods of dealing with icing are preferable.


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3.1.14 Gas Turbine Air Intakes

a. The spray elimination and airfiltration systems installed at the mouths ofgasturbine air intakes are highly vulnerable to blockage by ice or snow undersevere weather conditions. Therefore the supply of air to the engines shall besafeguarded by the provision of bypass systems and/or antiicing devices.Bypass openings shall be sited where they will get the maximum possibleprotection from sea and prewetting spray. The design approach shall be suchthat any water, which may reach them, shall readily drain away.

b. Requirements for Gas Turbine Intakes and Uptakes are given inDEF STAN 07-218.

3.1.15 Weather Doors and Draught Screens

a. Weather doors in exposed positions shall be fitted in recesses where possible.When important weather doors are in very exposed positions, alternative accessopenings to weatherdecks shall be provided in sheltered positions.

3.1.16 Fire Extinguishers and Foam Stowages

a. Fire extinguishers shall be stowed in heated compartments. Aqueous FilmForming Foam (AFFF) liquid container stowages at hydrant positions liable tobe subjected to subzero temperatures shall be insulated and fitted in heatedlockers as specified in DEF STAN 07-204 Part 3.

3.1.17 Salt Water Systems

a. Fire main hydrants in exposed positions shall have an additional valve in thebranch supply inside the Ships main structure and arrangements shall be suchthat the exposed length of supply pipe can be drained and left empty.

b. Alternatively exposed hydrants and branch pipes shall be adequately insulatedand fitted with heating. Heating shall be used for all hydrants on flightdecks.

c. Precautions such as those in Clauses 3.1.16a. and 3.1.17a. shall be taken withspraying arrangements for Readyuse (RU) Magazines and Magazine FloodingLockers which are fitted in exposed positions.

d. The ring main and rising mains for hangar spray systems shall be insulated upto the control valves.

e. Fire hoses on external decks shall have readily removable RED fabric coversover their baskets. The fabric shall be waterproof, such as PVCcoated nylon.

3.1.18 Fresh Water Systems

a. Piping, including flanges, in exposed positions or in positions likely to besubjected to low temperatures, e.g. near liftopenings in Aircraft Carriers, shallbe fitted with electric heating and shall be heavily insulated. Arrangementsshall be made for any exposed pipework to be drained down and left empty.

3.1.19 Pre-wetting Systems

a. All supply pipes shall be designed so that they can be completely drained afteruse.


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b. Prewetting systems shall be kept empty when not in use.

3.1.20 Miscellaneous Electric Heating

a. To ensure the fluidity of oil in steering gears, a permanent low surfacetemperature electric heater shall be fitted adjacent to each power unit. Thisrequirement does not apply to oils such as OX 40, detailed in BR 3009, whichretain their specified fluidity down to -20C.

b. Switch sockets for supplies to portable heaters shall be fitted as follows:

(1) In compartments or places in exposed positions occupied onlyintermittently, e.g. shelters on decks, RAS shelters or control positions;

(2) In enclosed or partially enclosed control positions, e.g. fixed cranes;

(3) At motorboat stowage positions and boat booms to provide supplies forwarming the boats engine;

(4) At stowage positions for mobile cranes, etc.;

(5) On fixed structures adjacent to each signalling projector for supply toportable electric heaters.

3.1.21 Fore-Decks

a. Foredecks shall be kept as clear of obstructions as possible as these tend to giverise to a buildup of icing at an early stage. Once a buildup of ice begins it tendsto increase rapidly. It is preferable to mount items such as cordage or wire reelsonto vertical structures instead of on decks, as this tends to simplify the task ofice clearance.

3.1.22 Guard Wires and Standing Rigging

a. Guard wires and standing rigging shall be nyloncoated, as the effort requiredfor ice removal is greatly reduced. In the case of guard wires this is important asicing tends to spread between wires and down to the deck. This forms a barrierwhich traps water which will then freeze on the deck.

3.1.23 Hawse Pipes

a. Hawse pipe deck openings shall be fitted with covers.

3.1.24 Stores

a. Foulweather clothing stores and dressing stations with drying facilities for wetclothing shall be provided close to the main access door(s) to the open deck.Store(s) shall also be provided for drying and storage of coldweather clothing.


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3.1.25 Spurnwaters

a. Under icing conditions, spurnwaters will greatly accelerate the buildup of iceon weatherdecks and become major obstructions to the task of ice clearanceover the side. When ships are to serve in subarctic waters during the wintermonths, arrangements shall be made before sailing for sections of spurnwatersto be removed at positions most likely to be required for moving ice over theside.

3.1.26 Look-out Positions

a. Adequate wind protection and heating facilities are essential at open lookoutpositions and special design consideration shall be given to these facilitiesunder icing conditions.

3.1.27 Replenishment at Sea

a. Facilities at replenishment positions shall be provided so that temporary windbreaks can be rigged for protection of personnel and reduction of icing at lowtemperature and high wind conditions. A nonskid surface shall be providedunderfoot.

b. Arrangements provided shall be such that replenishment gear, guard rails, etc.,can be rigged and unrigged without removing protective gloves.

3.1.28 Aerials

a. A measure of protection for radar and communication aerials shall be given byfitting them as high and as far aft as possible to minimize contact with freezingspray.

3.1.29 Mast Structure

a. Mast structures that are fully enclosed shall be easily accessible and shallinclude a small bore hot salt water line for aerial deicing.

3.2 De-icing and Protective Measures

a. Where a layer of ice forms over the weather boundaries of heatedcompartments, the tendency is for the adhesive strength of the ice to thestructure to be appreciably reduced. This is due to the fact that a layer of ice hasgood insulating properties as well as reducing the structural heat loss byprotecting it from the effects of rapidly moving outside air, the net result is thatsuch ice generally becomes easier to remove.

3.2.1 Grease and De-Icing Compound

a. The application of a suitable low temperature grease, such as XG380 or itsequivalent as detailed in BR 3009 or DEF STAN 0105, and a deicingcompound, should ease the problems associated with:

(1) Low temperature lubrication;

(2) Adhesion of ice to equipments and covers;

(3) Freezing of trapped water.


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3.2.2 Application

a. The application of the grease and deicing compound shall be carried out inport, in dry conditions, to avoid trapping water underneath the coatings. Thesubstances may be applied singly or in combination as described inClauses 3.2.2b. to 3.2.2e.

b. Greases such as XG380 remain soft down to -57C but are easily washed awayin a hostile environment such as rough weather, seawater impingement/spray,etc. Accordingly they shall be applied using these methods:

(1) For lubrication of fine mechanisms such as gearboxes, etc., which haveeither no or only minimal openings, so that the grease is not exposed to theweather;

(2) For coating equipments, covers, etc., not exposed to hostile environments,to prevent ice formation adhering to them. (In case of covers, grease shallbe applied to the outside of the covers).

c. Deicing compound acts both as a barrier (reducing adhesion between iceformation and coated surfaces) and as a lubricant for coarse mechanisms suchas turnbuckles, anchor and cable gear, depth charge rails, door hinges, rollerfairleads, etc. It is not easily removed by weather, hence its suitability for use inhostile environments. In such applications it shall be used on its own.

d. Use of the two substances in combination:

(1) Protection of fine but open mechanisms exposed to weather, e.g. someexposed gun mechanisms. In such cases a suitable low temperaturegrease, such as XG380, shall be liberally applied and deicing compoundapplied over the grease to protect it from the weather;

(2) Prevention of ingress (and subsequent freezing) of water amongst movingparts and cavities. If the water penetrates inside to moving parts andfreezes it could overload and/or prevent movement of the parts. In suchcases, spaces shall be liberally filled with a suitable low temperaturegrease, such as XG380 and openings to weather covered over by deicingcompound to protect the grease from the weather;

CAUTION

In fast moving mechanisms, intended/designed to work in air with only filmlubrication, the grease may act as damper giving rise to excessive opposing forcesdue to the greases higher viscosity. Responsible Ships Officers should beconsulted. If doubt still exists then the equipment sponsor should be consulted.

(3) To prevent ingress of water into cavities, fill the cavities completely with asuitable low temperature grease, such as XG380, and seal the openingwith a layer of deicing compound.


15

e. One method of application is to spread the deicing compound on a piece ofpaper or tissue using the paper as a backing sheet; apply the compound to thearticle to be protected in such a way as to cause the compound to mould aroundthe lowtemperature grease, thus sealing it in place. Gently remove the outerpapercovering and repeat as necessary to provide complete covering of theequipment.

f. The most useful fittings for boats, winches, reels and other exposed deckequipment, which may be required at short notice, are covers made fromPVCcoated nylon cloth. Ice does not readily adhere to this material and whereit is laced taut any ice formed will fall off under vibration or can easily beknocked off by hand. It is essential that provided covers are fitted before Shipsare deployed for winter service in the North Atlantic and SubArctic.

g. The use of inflatable pneumatic covers already in service on some aircraft fordeicing leading edges, has been successfully demonstrated on fishing trawlersfor deicing masts and bridge fronts. This method has not, as yet, beengenerally adopted on trawlers, partly because these covers are easily damagedby wires. This type of equipment has not yet been put into service inHM Surface Ships but the possibility of its use shall be kept in mind forprotection of equipment that shall be kept icefree at all times.

3.3 Removal of Snow and Ice

a. The following information on ice and snow removal is for guidance only.Instructions to Ships Staff for ice and snow removal are contained inSTANAG 1196. Where possible, equipment shall be designed to minimize theneed for manual intervention.

3.3.1 Ice Patrols

a. Ships Staff Ice Patrols detailed to clear any ice formed to prevent a largebuildup will be instructed to shake halyards, stays, aerials, etc., and to knockice off equipment covers using wooden mallets.

3.3.2 Manual

a. After heavy weather and severe icing, ice shall be broken away using mallets,clubs, scrapers and similar tools. Ice picks and sharp metal instruments shallnot be used owing to the danger of accidents or damage to equipment.In particular, care shall be exercised where weatherdeck fittings may be ofCast Iron or superstructure plating of Aluminium.


16

3.3.3 Salt Water

a. The use of heated or unheated salt water shall be limited to positions where thesurplus water will be free to run directly to scuppers or over the side beforefreezing. The water is for use only in high pressure jets to slot, undercut andbreak up large accumulations of ice. No attempt shall be made to melt this ice inbulk. When large sections of ice are freed it is essential to keep them moving andguided over the side before they refreeze in a new position. The heated seawater is obtained by pumping to the salt water system from one of the coolingwater discharge lines. Whilst the use of heated sea water is undoubtedly themost rapid method, it has been found that good results can still be obtainedusing water at sea temperature through normal jet nozzles and at the highestpressure available.

3.3.4 Small-Bore Hose and Hot Water

a. The water, which may already be heated, can be drawn from the salt water mainand heated by passing over a steam or electric heater. The small hot water jetscan be used for rapid clearance of equipment in remote positions whereclearance would otherwise present difficulties.

3.3.5 Steam Jet

a. This method is useful in small or restricted areas for undercutting layered ice orfreeing frozen equipment but its use is not recommended owing to the excessiveuse of steam, loss of feed water and the tendency for steam to condense andfreeze on personnel.

3.4 Lubrication

a. The System Requirement Document (SRD) is to include a requirement thatwhere any oils or greases are for any purposes they are, wherever possible, to bespecified from those listed in DEF STAN 015. If this is not possible it is to bebrought to the attention of the Principle Contract Officer and/or the DesignAuthority, as applicable, for resolution.

4. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS/GUIDANCE(No relevant information included)

5. CORPORATE EXPERIENCE & KNOWLEDGE



17

ANNEX A.A.

RELATED DOCUMENTS

A1. The following documents and publications are referred to in this Standard:

BS 5970 Code of practice for thermal insulation of pipework andequipment (in the temperature range -100C to +870C)

JSP 430 Ship Safety Management System Handbook:

Volume 1: Policy and Guidance on MOD Ship and EquipmentSafety Management

STANAG 1196 Naval Arctic Manual - ATP 17(B)

DEF STAN 0105 Fuels, Lubricants and Associated Products

DEF STAN 02102(NES 102)

Requirements for Air Conditioning and Ventilation Design

Part 1: HM Surface Ships and Royal Fleet Auxiliaries(RestrictedCommercial)


Requirements for Windows and Window Wipers for HMSurface Ships


Guide to the Selection of Small Electrical Fittings andComponents


Guide to the Design of Supply Systems for Portable ElectricalEquipment


Preferred Range of Heating and Thermostatic Components


Thermal and Acoustic Insulation of Hull and Machinery


The Requirements for Fire Protection and Damage Control

Part 3: HM Surface Ships and Submarine Equipment(RestrictedCommercial)


Requirements for Gas Turbine Intakes and Uptakes(RestrictedCommercial)


Requirements for Design and Testing of Equipment to meetEnvironmental Conditions (UK Restricted)

DEF STAN 203 Window panels, ships (heated)

BR 3009 Naval oils manual


18

ANNEX B.B.

ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS

B1. For the purpose of this Standard the following abbreviations and definitions apply.

AFFF Aqueous Film Forming Foam

ATP Allied Tactical Publication

BR Book of Reference

BS British Standard

DEF STAN Defence Standard

FW Fresh Water

MCMV Mine Countermeasure Vessel

MFFM Marine Firefighting, Fluid Power and Mechanical Handling

MOD Ministry of Defence

NES Naval Engineering Standard

PVC Polyvinyl Chloride

RAS Replenishment at Sea

RU Ready to Use

SRMH Single Role Mine Hunter

WSA Warship Support Agency

B2. For the purpose of the NES the following definitions apply:

SubArctic SubArctic is the area that lies north of the boundary fixed by theisotherm of 0C, for the coldest month and where ice is not abarrier or a hindrance to navigation. In these areas the minimumtemperature normally encountered is -10C.

Winterization Winterization of Ships is defined as the measures to be taken toenable them to be operated for prolonged periods in theSubArctic and in the North Atlantic Ocean where ice is not abarrier to navigation.


19

ANNEX C.C.

PROCUREMENT CHECK LIST

Notes:

1. This Check List is to ensure that certain aspects of this Naval Engineering Standard areconsulted when preparing a procurement specification for a particular application.

2. Clauses where a preference for an option is to be used or where specific data is to be addedare included in the Check List.

3. Each item is to be marked either:

= included

NA = not applicable

CheckNo

Check Clause No or NA

1

Design and Installation Requirements:

Have any changes to the conditions specified been

provided?

3.1

2

Equipment:

Has all equipment or fittings and the means of heating or

protection been specified?

3.1.1, 3.1.7,

3.1.8, 3.1.9,

3.1.10, 3.1.11,

3.1.12, 3.1.20,

3.1.22, 3.1.23,

3.1.25, 3.1.28,

3.1.29

3

Ventilation and Air Conditioning:

Have any changes to the design requirements been

specified?

3.1.2

4

Thermal Insulation:

Are there any specific insulation requirements and have

they been provided?

3.1.3

5

6

Exposed or Isolated Positions and Weather Doors:

Is all heat provided by electrical methods?

Are the numbers of air escapes and ventilation openings

kept to a minimum, correctly sited, fitted with gauze

screens when required and heated if necessary?

3.1.4, 3.1.6

3.1.13

7 Are they correctly sited or has alternative access been

provided?

3.1.15

8 Are foredecks unobstructed? 3.1.21


20

9 Would lookout positions be adequately protected? 3.1.26

10 Are Replenishmnet at Sea arrangements specified and

adequate?

3.1.27

CheckNo

Check Clause No or NA

11

Windows in Enclosed Bridges and Enclosed Control

Positions:

Have the selected windows been specified? 3.1.27

12

Gas Turbine Air Intakes:

Have bypass or antiicing provisions been made? 3.1.14

13

Fire Extinguishers and Foam Stowages:

Are fire extinguishers correctly sited and is AFFF

protected?

3.1.16

14

Systems:

Have all systems and the means of protection or

safeguarding been specified?

3.1.17, 3.1.18,

3.1.19

15

Stores:

Do stores and dressing stations meet the requirement? 3.1.24


21

ALPHABETICAL INDEX(NOTE: Page numbers are given)

AAerials, 13

Air escapes and ventilation openings inexposed positions, 10

Air temperature, 7

BBoat equipment, 9

CCold weather clothing store, 12

DDe-icing and protective measures, 13

De-icing compound, 13, 14

Design and installation requirements, 7

Drainage, 9

Drying facilities, 12

EElectrical supply, 8

Engine protection, 9, 10

Expendable bathythermograph

Sonar 2015, 10

Exposed control positions, 8

Exposed or isolated positions, 8

FFairleads, 10

Fire extinguishers and foam stowages, 11

Flight-deck equipment, 9

Foam compound stowages, 11

Fore-decks, 12

Foul weather clothing store, 12

Fresh water systems, 11

GGas turbine air intakes, 11

Glass panels, electrically heated, 9

Grease and de-icing compound,

application, 13

Grease XG380, 13, 14

Guard wires and standing rigging, 12

HHangar spray system, 11

Hawse pipes, 12

Hydrants, 11

LLife raft equipment, 10

Look-out positions, 13

MMagazines, 11

Mast structure, 13

Mechanical bathythermographs, 10

Minesweeping equipment, 10

Miscellaneous electric heating, 12

PPipes, exposed, 9, 11, 12

Pneumatic covers, 15

Pre-wetting systems, 11

RRelative humidity, 8

Removal of snow and ice, 15

Replenishment at Sea, 13

Rigging, 12


22

SSalt water systems, 11

Spray nozzles, 8

Spurnwaters, 13

Stores, 12

TTemperatures in living spaces, 8

Thermal insulation, 8

UUpper deck equipment, 7

VVentilation and air conditioning, 8

WWeather doors and draught screens, 11

Weatherdeck Equipment, 9

Windows in enclosed bridges and enclosedcontrol positions, 8

Inside Rear Cover

Crown Copyright 2000

Copying Only as Agreed with DStan

Defence Standards are Published by and Obtainable from:

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Directorate of StandardizationKentigern House65 Brown Street

GLASGOW G2 8EX

DStan Helpdesk

Tel 0141 224 2531/2 Fax 0141 224 2503

Internet e-mail [email protected]

File Reference

The DStan file reference relating to work on this standard is D/DStan/069/02/716.

Contract Requirements

When Defence Standards are incorporated into contracts users are responsible for their correctapplication and for complying with contractual and statutory requirements. Compliance witha Defence Standard does not in itself confer immunity from legal obligations.

Revision of Defence Standards

Defence Standards are revised as necessary by up issue or amendment. It is important thatusers of Defence Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest issue oramendment. Information on all Defence Standards is contained in Def Stan 00-00 Standardsfor Defence Part 3 , Index of Standards for Defence Procurement Section 4 Index of DefenceStandards and Defence Specifications published annually and supplemented regularly byStandards in Defence News (SID News). Any person who, when making use of a DefenceStandard encounters an inaccuracy or ambiguity is requested to notify the Directorate ofStandardization (DStan) without delay in order that the matter may be investigated andappropriate action taken.

CONTENTSTITLE PAGESCOPEFOREWORDSponsorshipConditions of ReleaseCategories of Naval Defence StandardRelated DocumentsHealth and SafetyAdditional Information

1. PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION2. NATIONAL/INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS3. MILITARY STANDARDS/REQUIREMENTS3.1 Design and Installation Requirements3.1.1 Upper Deck Equipment3.1.2 Ventilation and Air Conditioning3.1.3 Thermal Insulation3.1.4 Exposed or Isolated Positions3.1.5 Windows in Enclosed Bridges and Enclosed Control Positions3.1.6 Exposed Control Positions3.1.7 Weatherdeck Equipment3.1.8 Flight-Deck Equipment3.1.9 Boat Equipment3.1.10 Minesweeping Equipment3.1.11 Mechanical Bathythermographs3.1.12 Expendable Bathythermograph Sonar 20153.1.13 Air Escapes and Ventilation Openings in Exposed Positions3.1.14 Gas Turbine Air Intakes3.1.15 Weather Doors and Draught Screens3.1.16 Fire Extinguishers and Foam Stowages3.1.17 Salt Water Systems3.1.18 Fresh Water Systems3.1.19 Pre-wetting Systems3.1.20 Miscellaneous Electric Heating3.1.21 Fore-Decks3.1.22 Guard Wires and Standing Rigging3.1.23 Hawse Pipes3.1.24 Stores3.1.25 Spurnwaters3.1.26 Look-out Positions3.1.27 Replenishment at Sea3.1.28 Aerials3.1.29 Mast Structure

3.2 De-icing and Protective Measures3.2.1 Grease and De-Icing Compound3.2.2 Application

3.3 Removal of Snow and Ice3.3.1 Ice Patrols3.3.2 Manual3.3.3 Salt Water3.3.4 Small-Bore Hose and Hot Water3.3.5 Steam Jet

3.4 Lubrication

4. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS/GUIDANCE5. CORPORATE EXPERIENCE & KNOWLEDGEANNEX A. RELATED DOCUMENTSANNEX B. ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONSANNEX C. PROCUREMENT CHECK LISTALPHABETICAL INDEX