Network Chapter4 - Network Operating System (NOS)

8/9/2019 Network Chapter4 - Network Operating System (NOS)

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Lesson 4:Network Operations


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Objectives

At the end of this session, you will be able to:

Enumerate the functions of a Network Operating

System (NOS). Identify the components of a network operating

system.

Identify the elements of client software.

Identify the elements of server software. Understand the functioning of network services.

Familiarize with the printing procedure on thenetwork.


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Objectives (contd.)

Develop a solution for interoperability in a multi-vendor environment.

Differentiate between centralized computing andclient/server computing.


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Network Operating System

Has all the features of a stand-alone operatingsystem

Offers a lot of facilities in a complexenvironment

Is responsible for:

Directing data traffic through the network

Allowing and preventing access to data Preventing access to data files while they are

being processed

Managing the flow of information between avariety of workstations

Managing requests for printer services


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Network Operating System

(contd.)

Managing communication and messagesbetween network user

Managing connections between the network andremote sites

Has the following components:

Client software

is the network software that is installed on theclients

Server software

is the network software that is installed on theservers


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Redirector

Is a component of the client software

Is also referred to as a shell or a requester

Is a small part of the network system that:

Intercepts requests in the computer

Determines if:

the local computer can service the requests

the request needs to be forwarded to anotherserver

Designator

Makes it unnecessary for the users to knowabout the actual location of data

Sends requests to computers or peripherals


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Windows 2000 domain controller ties the network together

Windows 2000

domain controller

Windows 2000 Professional

File andprint server


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Server Software

Allows users on the other machines to sharethe servers data and peripherals including:

Shared directories

PrintersPlotters

Disks

Determines the degree of sharing which

include: Allowing different users different levels of

access to the resources

Coordinating access to the resources to make

sure that two users do not use the sameresource


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Server Software (contd.)

Assists the network administrator to determinewho will be able to use the network

Can be used to:

Create user privileges

Validate user names and passwords at the timeof logging on

Grant or revoke user privileges on the network

Add or remove users


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Windows Installation

Installation requires the, following parameters tobe followed:

Hardware compatibility

Server naming information

Hard disk partitioning

Network adapter card settings TCP/IP installation information


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Domain

Is a logical grouping of computers to simplifyadministration

Users log on to a central computer called thedomain controller


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Partitioning

Is the process of dividing the hard disk intopartitions


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TCP/IP

Is the default protocol for a Windows 2000Server installation

Installation requires the user to provideinformation like:

IP address

Subnet mask

Default gateway

2000 Server configuration


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IP Address

Is divided into a:

Network ID Host ID

Has a network ID that:

Identifies all hosts on the same physical

networkHas a host ID that:

Identifies a specific host on a network


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Subnet Mask and DefaultGateway

Subnet Mask

Distinguishes the network ID portion from thehost ID portion

Default Gateway

Is the peripheral to which Internet protocolsends packets

That are destined for remote machines


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ServerConfiguration

TCP/IP settings:

Can be specified to configure the serverbelonging to a large network that uses:

TCP/IP

DHCP protocols

Indicate that the server must query a centralserver for the settings


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Network Services

Are a group of application programs that arerequired by the NOS to run the network

Installed by default are: Alerter services

that notify administrators of various alerts

Event log services that record in the event log

system eventssecurity events

program events


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Network Services (contd.)

Messenger services that manage messages sentby the::

administrator

alerter services


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Network Printer

Sends the data to be printed to the print server

Where it is stored in a print spooler

Receives the data from the print server Enables printing which involves:

Redirection of the print job from the local printerport to the network cable with the aid of the

redirector Retrieval of the print job by the print server

Sending the job to the print queue with otheritems

Can be used by users who have the permission


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Data to be printed goes first to the printer server

Redirector

Workstation

PrintServer

Printer

RDR


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Multi-Vendor Environment

Is created when clients on a network havevarious operating systems

Can have interoperability at

Either server end

Or client end


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Windows NT Server supporting clients from multiple vendors

Windows 2000Server

Windows NT

NovellNetWare

Apple

Macintosh


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The Client Solution

Requires different redirectors to be implemented

Which enable different computers tocommunicate with different types of servers


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Windows NT Workstation using multiple redirectors

Novellserver Windows NT

Workstation

RDR RDR

Windows NTServer


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The Server Solution

Requires the installation of a service on theserver

Which enables communication in a multi-vendorenvironment

N t


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Netware

With Windows 2000 Professoinal-based clients

requires:NWLINK

which is the Microsoft implementation of the IPX/SPXprotocol

Client Service for NetWare (CSNW) which is Microsoft implementation of a Netware

requester

With Windows 2000 Server requires:

NWLink

Gateway Services for NetWare (GSNV)

With Windows 95-based client requires:

IPX/IP

Microsoft client for NetWare networks

Cli t/S N t ki


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Client/Server Networking

Model

Has powerful computers as clients instead ofdumb terminals

With clients and servers can be either:

Centralized computing-based

Or Client/Server-based

Data storage warehouse server off-loads data toother servers


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Centralized Computing

Has a central computer that executes a program

Permits remote terminal to merely display thedata

Sends data back to the central computer


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A simple client/server network

Clients

Server


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The client is the front end and the server is the back end

Server

Back end

Front end

Client


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Data can be localized on one server or distributed over several

servers

Server

Clients

Clients

Servers

Single Server Client/Server Configuration

Distributed ServerClient/Server Configuration

Documents

Network Chapter4 - Network Operating System (NOS)