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Network Engineering Taster Day
Mark Clements
30 March 2012 Engineering Taster Day2
Welcome to Engineering Taster Day:Morning Session
Ambassadors Fire alarms Emergency exits Gathering points Toilets Breaks
30 March 2012 Engineering Taster Day3
Today :
Network Design Methodology. Preliminary processes. Modular Design. Modular options. Wiring Closet choices. Vertical Cabling issues. When to use fibre optic cabling. Power problems & solutions.
30 March 2012 Engineering Taster Day4
Network Design Methodology
1. Gather network requirements
2. Document the logical and physical network implementation.
3. Design layer 1, 2 and 3 structures.
4. Carry out analysis of user requirements.
5. Gather users’ requirements and expectations.– Users, skills, attitudes towards IT.
– Mission-critical data & operations.
– Protocols allowed on network.
We shall concentrate on the first FOUR parts of this methodology.
30 March 2012 Engineering Taster Day5
Design process includes
Designer - person doing the design. Client - person paying for the design. User(s) - person(s) who will be using the product . Brainstorming – the generation of ideas Specifications development - to meet client
objectives and satisfy certain standards. Building and testing – measuring performance to
gauge how well the design works.
30 March 2012 Engineering Taster Day6
Required Documentation
Engineering journal. Logical topology. Physical topology. Labelled outlets. Labelled cable runs. Summary of outlets and cable runs. Cut sheets.
30 March 2012 Engineering Taster Day7
The Network Choice
The de facto current network implementation of choice will be Ethernet.
100BASE-TX available – 100Mbps. Always use at least 100BASE-TX or FX for
vertical cabling. Begin with physical layer design.
– Layer 2 & 3 design comes later.
30 March 2012 Engineering Taster Day8
30 March 2012 Engineering Taster Day9
Modular Design
This approach divides a system into small modules (parts).
Each module can be designed separately. Makes design and testing easier. Good for replicated items e.g., the network
on several floors of a building.
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Network Layers
Layer 1 is the cables (or wireless links). Layer 2 is responsible for the transfer of data
between adjacent network nodes (e.g., PC to switch).
Layer 3 is responsible for data transfer between a source host on one network to a destination host on a different network.
30 March 2012 Engineering Taster Day11
Design Groups
At this point, you should begin thinking about splitting into smaller groups to carry out your design.
– Cabling of individual floors of buildings.– Cabling between floors of buildings.– Cabling between buildings.– Costing and time estimation.
You need to do this before the afternoon sessions
3
30 March 2012 Engineering Taster Day12
Cabling a floor of a building (logical design)
1
30 March 2012 Engineering Taster Day13
Cabling a floor of a building (physical design)
Horizontal cabling uses
Category 6 cabling (Cat 6).
An individual length of
copper cable can only run
for 100 metres in an
Ethernet environment.
Good up to 1000 Mbps.
See ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2-
10 specifications.
30 March 2012 Engineering Taster Day14
Horizontal Cabling
Horizontal Cross Connect (HCC).
One floor only. Patch panels. Patch cords (jumpers). Don’t exceed 100m. Use Cat 6 cabling.
30 March 2012 Engineering Taster Day15
Layer 1 alternative - wireless
WiFi can be used to provide end users with connectivity.
Good for listed buildings. Quick to install. Good for laptops, tablets, smartphones. Can give poor coverage if poorly designed. Electrical interference can limit the data rate. Not used to link buildings or floors together.
30 March 2012 Engineering Taster Day16
Cabling between floors of a building
Main Distribution Frame Main Distribution Frame (MDF) on centre floor.(MDF) on centre floor.
Intermediate Distribution Intermediate Distribution Frames (IDFs) on other Frames (IDFs) on other floors.floors.
Point of Presence (POP) Point of Presence (POP) connected to MDF.connected to MDF.
Vertical cabling used Vertical cabling used here.here.
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Cabling between floors - fibre
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Wiring Closets (MDF and IDF)
Careful choice required for MDF & IDFs. For today, assume that a closet is available in the
centre of each building. Large enough for all equipment. Lighting, power, door size. Horizontal cabling not to exceed 90m.
– If it exceeds 90m, install an IDF. Heating/ventilation/air conditioning (HVAC) issues . Floor strength is important.
30 March 2012 Engineering Taster Day19
Wiring Closets 2
At least 2 fire rated plywood covered walls Raised floor desirable or tiled, painted concrete etc –
no carpet Near POP – connection to Internet 21° C and 30% – 50% humidity Good lighting & power supply 0.9m door must swing outwards Lock to be outside, but allow anyone inside to get out
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Cabling between Buildings - Fibre Optic
Solves grounding problems.
Avoids lightning problems.
High data rate. Expensive!
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Extended Star Topology 2
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Backbone (Vertical) Cabling Runs
Maximum distances for vertical cabling are shown in the table below.
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Costings
Assume the following prices for network components: PC £500. 24-port switch £400. 2811 router with 4 serial ports £1200. Linksys WRT300N Wireless-N Router £200. Cat 6 cabling per metre £0.20. Cat 6 installation & termination £0.20 per metre. Double the above cabling costs for fibre optic cabling. Cable outlets (2-way) £2.00 2m Ethernet patch/outlet cable £2.00
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Conclusion
Gather user requirements & analyse Brainstorm ideas & use design process Document all work Follow cabling regulations, no more than
100m for metallic Cat 6 cable Choose wiring closets carefully Use fibre for backbones, vertical cabling and
between buildings to avoid power problems
30 March 2012 Engineering Taster Day25
References
1. http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_fYpiec4PxIc/TJrIk3OW37I/AAAAAAAAABI/K0ujZU1QJac/s1600/star.jpg
2. http://www.techonlineindia.com/Libraries/tol/Joe3.sflb.ashx
3. http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_8rA8izP54U4/SFadBFotFNI/AAAAAAAAAM0/089fMDFIsFk/s400/alan_sugar_pitcrew_01.jpg