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Networking RP @ DISI
Fabrizio Granelli, Lab Coordinator
Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza dell’informazione
Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza dell’informazione
F. Granelli, Networking RP @DISI, 2008
Networking RP: Focus Application Areas:
Optical Networks Architectures, switching,
transparent (all-optical) Wide Area Networks and
Backbone Design Ultra-High Bandwidth
Switching Wireless Networks
Scheduling, QoS and resource management
Wireless mesh networks: WiFi, WiMax
Cellular: transmission, protocols and network design
MAC protocols Ad-Hoc and mobile Cognitive Networks
Peer-to-peer Overlay construction and
management Distributed signaling Overlay to network mapping
and cooperation
Research Topics: Protocol Design and
Architectures Network Design and
Dimensioning Traffic Modeling Cross-layering Performance Evaluation Flow and Congestion
Control Switching and Switches
Architectures Timing and
Synchronization Network Measurement
Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza dell’informazione
F. Granelli, Networking RP @DISI, 2008
Networking RP: People Faculties (5):
Fabrizio GRANELLI Lab Coordinator Renato LO CIGNO Associate Professor Yoram OFEK Professor Luca ABENI Assistant Professor Alessandro ZORAT Professor
PostDocs, Research Assistants (6): Csaba KIRALY Research Assistant Dzmitry KLIAZOVICH PostDoc Jasvir NAGRA PostDoc Matteo NARDELLI Research Assistant Amitabh SAXENA PostDoc Danilo SEVERINA Research Assistant
PhD Students (7): Yury AUDZEVICH PhD Student Nadhir BEN HALIMA PhD Student Gianluca CICCARELLI PhD Student Michele ENDRICI PhD Student Christian FACCHINI PhD Student Troung Huong THU PhD Student Olga ZADEDYURINA PhD Student
Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza dell’informazione
F. Granelli, Networking RP @DISI, 2008
Networking RP: Ongoing Projects Discreet (Discreet Service Provision in Smart
Environment)
Profiles (PeeR-to-peer beyOnd FILE Sharing)
RE-TRUST (Remote EnTrusting by RUn-time Software auThentication)
WOMEN (Wireless 802.16 Multi-antenna Mesh Networks) now WORLD (Wireless multiplatfOrm mimo active access netwoRks for QoS-demanding muLtimedia Delivery)
Mobility projects with North Carolina State, Tokyo Institute of Technology, UCLA
Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza dell’informazione
F. Granelli, Networking RP @DISI, 2008
Selected Topics
Cross-Layering Performance Improvement in
Wireless Networks Congestion Control GRID & Overlay Networks Design of Wireless Mesh
Networks
Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza dell’informazione
F. Granelli, Networking RP @DISI, 2008
Why Cross-Layering ?
Missing requirements to ensure market convergence
Proper services(Killer applications)
New search technologies, advertising, peer-to-peer networks, personal and community communications
At present moment aggressively pushed by Apple, Nokia, Motorola, Intel, and other vendors
Cross-Layer Design
New terminals
High-performanceCommunications
Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza dell’informazione
F. Granelli, Networking RP @DISI, 2008
Cross-Layering
Globalroaming
Fixed
Days
Hours1 bit/s/Hz
5 bit/s/Hz High
Low
Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza dell’informazione
F. Granelli, Networking RP @DISI, 2008
Cross-Layering The key is to understand the implications and
possibilities of cross-layering
Cross-Layer Modeling No analytical model to capture cross-layer
interactions
Protocol Stack Optimization To identify suitable design tools
(beyond empirical…)
Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza dell’informazione
F. Granelli, Networking RP @DISI, 2008
Performance Improvementin Wireless Networks
Base StationContent Provider
Wide-Area Network
Cellular Network (Main scenario)
Network on wheels
Battlefields Ad-Hoc
Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza dell’informazione
F. Granelli, Networking RP @DISI, 2008
Performance Improvementin Wireless Networks
Wireless vs. Limited bandwidth High latency Channel losses High mobility
Wired Large bandwidth Low latency Congestion
losses Static
environment
Poor Communication Protocol Performance
Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza dell’informazione
F. Granelli, Networking RP @DISI, 2008
Performance Improvementin Wireless Networks Cross-Layer ARQ
ARQ agent generate TCP ACKs based on the link layer feedback
TCP AR Q agent L ink Link AR Q agent TCP
TCP DataPH Y/LLOverhead
LL-A CKPH Y/LLOverheadSuc c es s
TCP A CKTCP A CK
TCP Data
TCP Data
Physical
Link
Network
Transport
Application
TCP/IP
Link layerLink layerfeedbackfeedback
Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza dell’informazione
F. Granelli, Networking RP @DISI, 2008
Performance Improvementin Wireless Networks Cross-Layer ARQ
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Number of Hops Between Sender and Receiver
Thr
ough
put
(Mb
/s)
LLE-TCPTCP Reno
Cross-Layer ARQ improvements Network capacity increase Robustness to high error rates Reduced round trip delay Improved congestion control Good fairness & coexistence
Evaluated analytically, by simulations, and on testbed Average improvement level tops 100%
0 300 600 900 1200 15000
1
2
3
4
5
6
TCP/IP Datagram Size (Bytes)
Th
rou
gh
pu
t (M
b/s
)
LLE-TCPTCP RenoLLE-TCP RTSTCP Reno RTS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
Flow number
Thr
ou
gh
pu
t (M
bp
s)
10 LLE-TCP flows9 TCP Reno + 1 LLE-TCP flows
Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza dell’informazione
F. Granelli, Networking RP @DISI, 2008
Congestion Control Active Queue Management at bottleneck
routers A control-theory based optimization An Optimal Robust LQR-PID AQM Controller, which:
Maintains Queue Size at Routers Improve Congestion Supports QoS Accommodates Load Variation Adjust Change in Network Parameters
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
0 20 40 60 80 100
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
PID RED
Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza dell’informazione
F. Granelli, Networking RP @DISI, 2008
Congestion Control Cross-Layer Congestion Control
At every hop Compute bandwidth,
delay Insert computed values
into link layer header At the receiver
Echo capacity information to sender
At the sender Adjust outgoing TCP rate
Physical
Link
Network
Transport
Application
TCP/IP
Adjust rate Adjust rate based on the link based on the link capacitycapacity
Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza dell’informazione
F. Granelli, Networking RP @DISI, 2008
Congestion Control Cross-Layer Congestion Control
Evaluation outcomes
Link layer capacity measurements are more efficient
Cross-Layer Congestion Control is ~30% more productive than other state-of-art solutions
Proper for upcoming standards (requires a new link layer frame)
0 10 20 30 40 500.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
0.035
0.04
0.045
0.05
Simulation time (s)
RT
T (
ms)
Link LayerTransport Layer
0 20 40 60 80 1000
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
Simulation time (s)
Thr
ough
put (
Mb/
s)
"Long" flow "Short" flow
0 20 40 60 80 1000
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
Simulation time (s)
Thr
ough
put (
Mb/
s)
"Long" flow "Short" flow
Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza dell’informazione
F. Granelli, Networking RP @DISI, 2008
GRID & Overlay Networks
To analyze the offered load by grid applications onto the networking infrastructure
To enable grid overlays to be adaptive to availability and fluctuations of host and network resources
Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza dell’informazione
F. Granelli, Networking RP @DISI, 2008
Design ofWireless Mesh Networks A Wireless Mesh Network testbed is currently
running at DISI premises (802.11a/5GHz)
The testbed is built using Linux-based programmable Aps
An Open Platform for developing and validating
Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza dell’informazione
F. Granelli, Networking RP @DISI, 2008
Design ofWireless Mesh Networks
“WOMEN” Project Final MeetingTrento, Feb. 12th, 2008
Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza dell’informazione
F. Granelli, Networking RP @DISI, 2008
Design ofWireless Mesh Networks
19
AP5
AP4
AP2
AP1
AP3
X
XX
XX
Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza dell’informazione
F. Granelli, Networking RP @DISI, 2008
Research Outputs
Book Chapters and Journals Elsevier Computer Networks Journal (COMNET) ACM / Springer Wireless Networks (WINET) International Journal of Computer Research Ad Hoc Networks Journal Journal of Interconnection Networks (JOIN)
Conferences
Patents D. Kliazovich, F. Granelli, S. Redana, and N. Riato, "Cross-Layer Error Recovery
Optimization for 3G LTE Systems,“ under EP 07425087.9
Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza dell’informazione
F. Granelli, Networking RP @DISI, 2008
International Contacts
State Univ. of Campinas (Prof. N. Fonseca)
North Carolina State Univ.(Prof. M. Devetsikiotis)
UCLA(Prof. M. Gerla)
Tokyo University of Technology(Prof. Tsuboi)
Nokia Siemens Networks(Ing. S. Redana)
Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienza dell’informazione
F. Granelli, Networking RP @DISI, 2008
Any questions ?
Fabrizio Granelli
Networking RP Coordinator
E-mail: [email protected]