New and Emerging HVAC Technologies...Field Study Overview Field study of advanced HTHV technology Provide independent verification of energy savings benefits Side-by-side comparison

New and Emerging HVAC Technologies

Rod Rhoads, GDS Associates

Dave McCullaugh, Mitsubishi Electric Trane HVAC US

Dave Binz, Cambridge Engineering

Rod Rhoads, Leidos

Energy Savings Made Easy | 2018 Business Symposium

Custom for non standard projects

» Custom applications are projects with no standard measures

» Allies / Energy Advisors help most often with these projects

» NEEDS PRE-APPROVAL

» Gather supporting data to help prove savings

» Case studies for this type of project?

» More data to support will provide faster approval

» Read applications criteria (answers to many questions)

» In the process of picking venders/ally ask if will help with incentives

» The least expensive bid may not be when adding up incentives not

received!


HVAC related incentives & Process

» HVAC standard application measures

» Should get pre-approval over $10,000 expected incentive

» Fill out the application pages before purchasing $$$ don’t miss out

» Ask allies and the Energy Advisor for help if you have a question

» Don’t forget: Boilers 93% or higher, Furnace 94% or higher, AC or HP,

Smart Stats, VFDs on fans/pumps, Tune-ups boilers & AC, PTAC

incentives

Advanced HVAC Technologies

David McCullaugh

Mitsubishi Electric Trane HVAC

Variable Refrigerant Flow

Technology


What is VRF?

Water Source Heat Pump

Rooftop Units

VAV system

Furnace split systems

PTAC VRFVariable Refrigerant Flow


Innovation

Simultaneous Cooling and Heating

Controllers

Integrates sequence of

operation

Takes input from the user and provides feedback to the system

Indoor Units

Contain a Linear

Expansion Valve (LEV)

that automatically

modulates

Control the amount of

refrigerant through the

heat exchanger

Filter and distribute air

Branch Circuit (BC)

Controller

Separates refrigerant

into gas and liquid

Ensure units in heating

receive superheated

gas

Ensure units in cooling

receive sub-cooled

liquid

VRF Components

Outdoor Units

Control compressor

speed

Control condenser fan

speed

Regulate refrigerant

pressure to maximize

capacity and efficiency

Reasons to Consider a VRF Sytem


VRF Advantages

» Quiet Operation

» Requires less space

» Modern Controls

» Lower Downtime

» Less Maintenance

» Consistant Comfort

» Energy Efficiency – LEED Points


60Hz

0Hz

150Hz

30Hz

ON

INVERTER compressor

Conventional compressor

•High starting current results in energy loss•On/off cycling results in temp fluctuations and lower efficiency•Additional strain on system•Noisier

•Starts current at lower level

•Ramps up to high rotation for faster heating/cooling

•Throttles back to maintain temperature

•Energy efficient and quieter

Energy Efficiency - INVERTER Technology

APPLICATIONS


Basic System (1 to 1)

Common Uses– Individual room

– School office

– Server room

– Additions

– Problem areas

Condensing Unit Indoor Unit

Refrigerant Piping


Commercial System

Heat Pump with Heat Recovery

Condensing Unit Indoor Units

Refrigerant Piping

Up to 50

indoor units

per system

Branch CircuitController

Cooling

HeatingSimultaneous


Up to 50

indoor units

per system

Commercial System

Heat Pump with Heat Recovery

Condensing Unit Indoor Units

Refrigerant Piping

Branch CircuitController

Cooling

HeatingSimultaneous

Geothermal

System or Cooling

Tower


Commercial Systems

Applications

Multi-family

Senior living centers

Schools

Student housing

Hotels

Offices

Medical facilities

Restaurants

Churches

Retail spaces

Special Applications


How new is this technology ?

» Proven technology has been around since 1982

» Major improvements in equipment design

» Major improvements in heating capabilities

90% VRF

Japan7.2M Systems

81% VRF

Europe7.6M Systems

86% VRF

16.7M Systems

China

The Final Efficiency Frontier

High Efficiency Heating & Ventilation

Dave Binz Cambridge Engineering

The Secret to High Performance Space Heating in

High Bay Buildings


Introductions

» Dave Binz

• Cambridge Engineering

• Director of Engineering

• Chesterfield, MO


Cambridge Engineering, Inc.

A Leader in Energy Efficient Heating &

Ventilation Technologies


Trend #1 -Ventilation


Trend #2 - Energy



What is HTHV?

» High-Temperature Heating & Ventilation units

• 100% Outside Air, Direct-Fired Heater

• Greater than 140 degree temp rise

• Greater than 150 degree discharge temp

• Fully Modulating Temperature Controls to meet both ventilation & space

heating requirements


History of HTHV:

100% OA Direct Fired Technologies

» CEI introduced “S” line in 1990’s

» 160°F discharge temperature achieved

» Transformed heat only, non-ducted market (Warehouse/Distribution/Manufacturing)

Reason #1

40% Lower Install $

Reason #2

40-70% Less Energy

Reason #3

Free Ventilation (IEQ)

Overview of HTHV Technology


100% OA Direct Fired

No Heat Exchanger - No Flue Losses - 92% thermal /100% combustion

Efficient

• Blower in hot air stream

• 120°F max discharge

• Blower in cold air stream

• 160°F max discharge

Draw Thru

HTHV / (Blow Thru®)


Key HTHV Education Points

Inherent Safety (IAQ)

Energy Efficiency

Lowest Installed Cost



POINT # 1


Codes/Standards

» IMC (International Mechanical Code) and IFGC (International

Fuel Gas Code)

- Non re-circulating direct-fired heaters shall be listed to ANSI

Z83.4 (Harmonized US/Canada)

- ANSI Z83.4 – 100% Outside Air Technologies <5 ppm CO

- Industrial & Commercial Occupancies

- Permitted as Ventilation and/or Heating Devices for these Buildings

- Not to be used in residential applications or to supply any

area containing sleeping quarters.


Inherently Safer Design

» Reason #1 – Adequate Ventilation is the Key.

» Reason #2 – Single Blower delivers both Ventilation

and combustion air

» Reason #3 – Triplicate engineering controls in ANSI

Z83.4 to insure ventilation.

» Reason #4 – Failsafe - Even if all 3 ventilation

engineering controls fail, the systems can’t build up

products of combustion.


POINT # 2


Energy Efficiency

Technology Demonstration Using a Department of

Energy Field Study


Better Buildings Alliance

• The Better Buildings Alliance is a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)

effort to promote energy efficiency in U.S. commercial buildings

through collaboration with building owners, operators, and managers.

• Members are committed to addressing energy efficiency needs in

their buildings by:

o Setting energy savings goals,

o Deploying innovative energy efficiency resources, and

o Adopting cost-effective technologies and market practices.


The DOE Study

Indirect Fired - vs. HTHV Direct Fired Technology

Indirect-Fired Unit Heater 100% Outside Air, HTHV Direct-Fired Heater

• Recirculates indoor air, may use

outside air for combustion

• Baseline efficiency >80%

• No ventilation airflow

• Neutral pressurization

• Only uses outside air for

combustion, non-recirculating

• Baseline efficiency >92%

• Provides ventilation airflow

• Positive pressurization


Field Study Overview

Field study of advanced HTHV

technology

Provide independent verification of

energy savings benefits

Side-by-side comparison of new and

existing heating technologies

Bridgeton, MO

2013-2014 heating season (Oct–Mar)

42,000 sq.ft. of warehouse w/ 24 ft. ceilings and 60°F thermostat setting

What

Why

How

Where

When

Building


Technology Comparison

» New units installed side-by-side to existing units and operated in alternating months

» Existing Units

• 4 sets of standard efficiency unit heaters

» New Units (HTHV)

• 4 x 250,000 Btu/hr. Cambridge SA-Series HTHV units

» On thermal efficiency alone, expectation of ~11% natural gas savings

Existing

New


Monitoring Plan

» WiFi thermostats w/ remote monitoring & control

» Temperature loggers (5 & 24 ft. from floor)

» Runtime loggers

» Garage door state loggers


Energy Results (Gas)

» Over the course of the 2013-2014 heating season, the new

units reduced natural gas consumption by 20%.

• Greater than the ~11% savings predicted by thermal efficiency

alone.

MonthHDD (Base 60°F)

Utility Meter Values

(Therms)

Modeled RTU Consumption

(Therms)

Adjusted Utility Meter

Values (Therms)

Consumption per HDD

(Therms/HDD)

Existing Heaters(October & December)

965 2,338 311 2,027 2.10

New Heaters (November & February/March)

1,501 3,005 497 2,508 1.67

% Savings 20%


De-stratification & Comfort

How does HTHV address this?


De-stratification Technologies

» HVLS Fan/Pear Fans/Zoo Fans

Or

» HTHV with Higher Velocity Discharge - 1500 FPM

67°F

65°F

Sweeps & Induces Stratified Ceiling Heat

10:1Induction Ratio

Low Velocity High Volume Air


Temperature Distribution

» More Even Temperature Distribution

» Destratification – Energy Benefits


Results Summary

» Field study successfully demonstrated this high-efficiency technology

• Natural gas savings of 20%

• Source energy savings of 15%

• Total Utility cost savings of 15%

• Improved temperature distribution


Proven Performance

400+ Energy Building Studies (with Utility Bills)


Point # 3


Energy Efficiency


6 x High

EfficiencyUnit Heaters

High Volume

Low Speed

(HVLS) Fans

1 X 1600 MBH (HTHV)

Massive Value for the Money

Heated

Dedicated

Outdoor Air

Systems (DOAS)


Applications

» Greenhouses

» Fire Houses

» Warehouses

» Automobile Service Centers

» Boat Storage/Marinas

» Retail

» Restaurants

» ANY COMMERCIAL SPACE without Central Heating System


Recommended Next Steps

» Consider HTHV technologies for high-bay applications

• Space heating

• Ventilation

• Destratification


Questions

» Dave Binz

» 800-899-1989

» www.cambridge-eng.com

» [email protected]

» LinkedIn/davebinz

mailto:[email protected]

QUESTIONS?

AmerenIllinoisSavings.com

Documents

New and Emerging HVAC Technologies...Field Study Overview Field study of advanced HTHV technology Provide independent verification of energy savings benefits Side-by-side comparison