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NEW ERA PUBLIC SCHOOL-DWARKA
Holiday Homework (2018-19)
Class XII Dear Students,
Summer break is the best time to rejuvenate and unwind. It not only serves as a time to
rest, revise and play, but also gives one the reason to be in the company of friends, family
and relatives, travel, explore
oneself, and introspect.
Remember the following through
your vacays, to keep yourself
refreshed and revivified!!
Spend quality time with
friends and family.
Exercise and play, keep you
fit and active. Surmount the
playground each evening!
Develop a hobby. Read, sing,
dance, research, collect
valuables, or just learn new things.
Volunteer to help your parents, siblings or friends.
Study and revise daily. Take out time to complete your assignments. Do not delay
or postpone work.
Be productive, but remember to relax.
ENGLISH
Assignment Questions (To be attempted in the English register)
Q1. (a) Cut and paste a short report from a newspaper in your register. On the basis of your reading of the
report, make notes, using headings and sub-headings. Use recognizable abbreviations wherever
necessary.
(b) Make a summary of the report in not more than 80 words.
Q2. You want to sell your house at Dreams Apartments, Sector 22, Dwarka, New Delhi. Draft an
advertisement in not more than 50 words, giving the necessary details, to be published in the classified
columns of ‘The Indian Express.’ You are Akhil/Asha. (100-120 words)
Q3. You are a social activist. Design a poster to raise awareness on the topic ‘Literacy for all’.
(50 words)
Q4. Amol of class XII lost his folder of certificates in the school. Write a notice in not more than 50
words giving details of the folder and the probable time of the day he lost it. (50 words)
Q5. Write an article on any one of the given themes. Give your article a suitable title.
a) Censorship of the Internet b) Vocational Training in School Curriculum
c) Handling Stress d) The Many Dilemmas of a Teenager.
Q6 Sakshi of 171, Civil Lines, New Delhi desires to be a fashion designer. She writes to the Director of
the National Institute of Fashion Technology, Chandigarh, seeking information about their courses,
admission procedure, eligibility criteria, fee structure, placement opportunities etc. Write her letter. (120-
150 words)
Project (To be attempted on A4 sized printed sheets)
Create a report on any one of the following topics. Prepare an attractive cover page. Include examples,
studies, images to substantiate your report. Also offer suggestions to conclude your report. The last page
must include the bibliography. (10-12 pages)
1. Social Media 2. Illiteracy: A Curse 3. Religious fanaticism
4. Tracing Casteism in Modern India 5. Linguistic Conflicts in India
6. Juvenile Delinquency 7. Gender Inequality 8. International Understanding
9. Human Rights 10. Violence against Women
MATHEMATICS
CH – RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS
Q1.Consider f : R+ → [4, ∞ ] given by f ( x) = x2 + 4. Show that f is invertible with
f – 1 ( y ) = √𝑦 − 4 Where R+ is the set of all non negative real numbers.
Q2. Show that the function f in A = R – {2
3 } defined as f (x) =
4𝑥+3
6𝑥+4 is one – one and onto. Hence,
Find f – 1 .
Q3. If the function f : R → R be defined by f (x) = 2x – 3 and g : R → R by g (x) = x3 + 5, then find
(i) The value of (fog) – 1 (x) . (ii) fog ( – 3 ) (iii) gof ( 5 )
Q4. Consider the binary operations * : R × R → R and o : R × R → R defined as a * b = | a – b |
and a o b = a for all a, b ∈R. Show that * is commutative but not associative and o is associative
but not commutative.
Q5. Determine whether the relation R defined on the set of all real numbers as R = { (a, b) : a, b ∈R
and a – b + √3 ∈S , where S is the set of all irrational numbers }, is an equivalence relation.
CH - INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
Q1. Write the value of tan – 1 [2 sin (2 cos−1 √3
2)].
Q2. Prove that sin – 1 (63
65)= sin– 1 (
5
13)+ cos– 1(
3
5).
Q3. If y = cot – 1 (√cos 𝑥) – tan – 1 (√cos 𝑥), then prove that sin y = tan2(𝑥
2).
Q4. If (tan – 1 x) 2 + (cot – 1x) 2 = 5𝜋2
8, then find x.
Q5. Prove that tan – 1(√1+cos 𝑥+ √1−cos x
√1+cos 𝑥− √1−cos 𝑥) =
𝜋
4−
𝑥
2, where π < x <
3𝜋
2.
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Complete the following reports in record file.
1. Write benefits of Yogasanas(10), Swiss ball and Pollymetric.
2. Draw a neat diagram of the field/ court of any one game of choice (Athletics, basketball, football,
handball, hockey, kho-kho and volleyball). Write its history, rules and regulations, terminologies and
important tournaments.
3. Write about the Athletics – Middle and Long distance runs and Throws.( The events must be other
than those administered under Physical Fitness test).
CHEMISTRY
To make investigatory projects on any one of the following topics.
a. To Study the common food adulterants in fat, oil, butter ,sugar, turmeric powder, chilli
powder and pepper.
b. To Study the quantity of casein present in different samples of milk.
c. To Study the digestion of starch by salivary amylase and effect of pH and temperature on it.
d. Comparative study of rate of fermentation of following materials: wheat flour, gram flour,
potato juice, carrot juice etc.
e. Comparative study and qualitative analysis of different brands of cold drinks available in
market.
f. To study the presence of nickel in chocolate.
g. To study the sterilization of water using Bleaching powder.
h. To analyse the anions and cations present in the toothpaste.
i. To analyse the anions and cations present in the coconut water.
j. To study the presence of oxalate ions in guava fruit at different stages of ripening.
Assignment
Topic: Chemistry in everyday life
1. Aspirin is pain relieving antipyretic drug but can be used to prevent heart attack. Explain.
2. Explain why some times foaming is seen in river water near the place where sewage water is
poured after treatment?
3. Why is it safer to use soap from the environmental point of view?
4. What is medicinal use of narcotic drugs?
5. Name two α - amino acids which form a dipeptide which is 100 times more sweet than cane
sugar?
6. Aspartame is unstable at cooking temperature, where would you suggest aspartame to be
used for sweetening?
7. Both antacids and antiallergic drugs are antihistamines but they cannot replace each other.
Explain why?
8. Between sodium hydrogen carbonate and magnesium hydroxide ,which is better antacid and
why?
9. Why are certain drugs called enzyme inhibitors?
10. Sugar is the main source of energy as it produces energy on metabolic decomposition .But
these days low calorie drinks are more popular, why?
11.Explain the following terms giving one example of each:
(i) Antacids (ii) Antihistamines (iii) Tranquilizers (iv) Analgesics (v) Antipyretics
(vi) Antibiotics (vii) Antiseptics (viii) Disinfectants (ix) Antifertility drugs
BIOLOGY
Make the biology practical project on the selected topic and submit it after the summer break.
Do the given assignment in the biology register.
Assignment
1.Are pollination and fertilization necessary in apomixis? Give reasons.
2.What is the ploidy level of embryos that develop from the synergid and from the
nucleus, in case of polyembryony?
3.Why are fruits developed by parthenocarpy seedless?
4.What is the type of pollination that takes place in self-incompatible flowers?
5.At which stage the zonapellucida disintegrates in the ovum?
6.How does colostrum provide protection against diseases to the newborn babies?
7.A bilobed, dithecous anther has 100 MMC per microsporangium. How many male
gametophytes will this anther produce?
8.Justify that placenta acts as an endocrine tissue.
9.Why is the ploidy of the zygote and the primary endosperm nucleus different in
the angiosperms?
10.How does cliestogamy ensure autogamy? What is its advantage and
disadvantage?
11.How and why is the meiotic division different during spermatogenesis and
oogenesis?
12.Trace the events that lead to the formation of the male and the female
gametophytes in flowering plants.
13.Draw well labeled diagrams of a monocot seed, the embryo sac, sperm, ovum and
blastocyst.
14.What is amniocentesis? Why is it banned?
15.What is ZIFT,GIFT, ET, IVF and STD’s?
PHYSICS
1. To make individual projects on any one of the following topics.
k. To study various factors on which the internal resistance of a cell depends.
l. To find the refractive indices of
(i) water
(ii) oil (transparent)
using a plane mirror, an equi convex lens (made from a glass of known refractive index) and an
adjustable object needle.
m. To design appropriate logic gate combination for a given truth table.
n. To investigate the dependence of the angle of deviation on the angle of incidence using a
hollow prism filled one by one, with different transparent fluids.
o. To study total internal reflection in different pairs of media and to find the critical angle for
each pair.
p. To study and construct an AC generator.
2. Do the following assignment in the assignment register
1. What is quantization of charge? Why charge is quantized? Why one can ignore quantisation of
charge at macroscopic level?
2. State Coulomb’s law. Does it obey Newton’s third law of motion? Define one coulomb.
3. Define electric field. Define electric field intensity. Is electric field intensity a scalar or a
vector quantity? Give the physical significance of electric field.
4. Derive an expression for the electric field intensity due to an electric dipole on:
(a) an axial point.
(b) an equatorial point.
5. Show that in a uniform electric field, a dipole experiences only a torque but no net force.
Derive an expression for the torque. Derive the expression for total work done in rotating an
electric dipole through an angle θ in uniform electric field.
6. State Gauss’s theorem. Using Gauss’s law, derive an expression for electric field intensity at
any point outside the uniformly charged thin spherical shell of radius R and charge density σ
C/𝑚2.
7. Apply Gauss’s theorem to obtain the expression of the electric field intensity at point due to a
infinitely long, thin uniformly charged straight wire?
8. Apply Gauss’s theorem to obtain the expression for electric field intensity at a point due to an
infinitely large, thin plain sheet of charge?
9. Define electric potential. Is it a scalar or vector quantity? Derive an expression for electric
potential at a point in an electric field of a source charge Q.
10. Deduce an expression for the electric potential due to an electric dipole at any point. Mention
one contrasting feature of electric potential of a dipole at a point as compared to that due to a
single charge.
11. Write important properties of an equipotential surface.
12. Draw 3 equipotential surfaces corresponding to a field that uniformly increases in magnitude
but remains constant along z direction. How are these surfaces different from that of a
constant electric field along z direction?
13. Derive an expression for: i) the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor.
ii) the electrical energy stored by a parallel plate capacitor.
iii) the energy density of a parallel plate capacitor.
14. A dielectric slab of thickness t is kept between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor separated
by a distance d. Derive the expression for the capacity of the capacitor for t ≪ 𝑑.
15. Derive an expression showing the effect insertion of conducting slab of thickness t inside a
parallel plate capacitor of separation d, t ≪ 𝑑.
16. A dielectric slab of thickness t is introduced between the plate of a charged capacitor. What
will be the changes in the value of q, V, C, E and U, if:
(a) battery remains connected?
(b) battery is disconnected?
17. Derive an expression for drift velocity of free electrons in a conductor in terms of relaxation
time?
18. Establish a relation between current and drift velocity. Prove that current density of a metallic
conductor is directly proportional to the drift speed of free electrons.
19. Using the expression for drift velocity, derive an expression relating current density and
electric field. Derive an expression for resistivity of a conductor in terms of relaxation time.
20. How does the resistivity and conductivity of:
(a) a conductor, (b) a semi conductor vary with a temperature give reason for each case?
21. Derive an experession for net emf and net internal resistance of two cells connected in
a. Series
b. Parallel
22. State Kirchhoff’s laws. Using Kirchhoff’s laws, derive the relation for the balanced
Wheatstone bridge.
23. State the principle of working of a potentiometer. Why should the potentiometer wire be of
uniform cross section and composition? Why should the material of a potentiometer wire be
of low temperature coefficient of resistance? Of which material is a potentiometer wire is
made and why? Can we use copper wire as a potentiometer wire?
24. In the potentiometer circuit shown in the figure, the balance point is at X. state with reason,
where the balance point will be shifted when:
a. Resistance R is increased, keeping all parameters unchanged
b. Resistance S is increased, keeping R constant.
c. Cell P is replaced by another cell whose emf is lower than that of cell Q.
25. In a meter bridge, the balance point is found to be 40 cm from the end A, when the resistor X
is of 15 Ω. Determine the resistance of Y.
(a) Determine the balance point of the bridge above if X and Y are interchanged.
(b) What happen when the galvanometer and cell are interchanged at the balance point of
bridge would the galvanometer show any current?
COMPUTER SCIENCE
Q1Find out errors in the following program:-
class number
{
int x=10;
float y;
number(){ x=y=10;}
public:
number(number t)
{
x=t.x; y=t.y;
}
~ (){cout<<"Object destroyed ";}
}
main()
{
number a1, a2(a1);
}
Q2 Define a class named Tour in C++ with following description:
Private members:
tcode integer (Ranges 6 - 10)
adults, children, distance integer
totalfare float
AssignFare( ) A function which calculates and assign the value to data member
totalfare is calculated as follows:-
- For adults Fare Distance
Rs. 500 >=1500
And fare gets reduced by 25% if distance is < 1500.
- For Children
For every child a fixed Rs. 50 is charged as fare.
Public members:
• A constructor which initializes all data members with 0
• Function EnterTour() to input the value of the data members tcode, adults, children and call to
AssignFare() function.
• Function ShowTour() to print all the details of object of Travel type.
Q3 Define a class named Admission in C++ with following description:
Private members:
admno integer (Ranges 10-1500)
name string of 20 characters
cls integer
fees float
Public members:
A constructor which initializes admno with 10, name with “NULL”, cls with 0 & fees with 0
Function getdata() to read the object of Admission type.
Function putdata() to print the details of object of admission type.
Function draw_nos() to generate the admission no. randomly to match with admno and display detail of
the object.
Q4 Consider the following class definition:
class testmeout
{ int rollno;
public:
~testmeout() //Function 1
{ cout<<rollno<< “is leaving examination hall” <<endl;
}
testmeout() //Function 2
{ rollno=1;
cout<<rollno<< “is appearing for examination” <<endl;
}
testmeout(int n, char name[]) //Function 3
{ rollno=n;
cout<<name<< “ is in examination hall” <<endl;
}
testmeout(testmeout& t);//function 4
void mywork() //Function 5
{ cout<<rollno<<” is attempting questions “<<endl;
}
};
i) In object oriented programming, what is Function 1 referred as and when does it get invoked?
ii) In object oriented programming, what is Function 2 referred as and when does it get invoked?
iii) In object oriented programming, what is Function 3 referred as and when does it get invoked?
iv) Write a statement so that function 3 gets executed? Complete the definition of function 4
v) What will be the output of the above code if its main function definition is as given below (assumed
the definition of Function 4 is completed ) :
main()
{
testmeout ob1;
ob1.mywork();
}
vi) Which feature of object oriented programming is demonstrated using Function 2, Function 3 and
Function 4 in the above class testmeout?
vii) What is the scope of data member (rollno) of class testmeout? What does the scope of data members
depend upon?
Q5 Consider the following declarations and answer the questions given below:
class vehicle
{
int wheels;
protected:
int passenger;
public:
void inputdata( int, int);
void outputdata();
};
class heavyvehicle: protected vehicle
{
int dieselpetrol;
protected: int load;
public: void readdata( int, int);
void writedata();
};
class bus: private heavyvehicle
{
char marks[20];
public: void fetchdata(char);
void displaydata();
};
(i) Name the base class and derived class of the class heavyvehicle.
(ii) Name the data members that can be accessed from function displaydata()
(iii) Name the data members that can be accessed by an object of bus class. (iv) Is the member function outputdata() accessible to the objects of heavyvehicle class.
Q6 Given the following definitions, answer the questions that follow:-
#include <iostream.h>
class book
{
char title[20];
char author[20];
int noof pages;
public:
void read();
void show();
};
class textbook: private textbook
{
int noofchapters, noofassignments;
protected:
int standard;
void readtextbook();
void showtextbook();
};
class physicsbook: public textbook
{
char topic[20];
public:
void readphysicsbook();
void showphysicsbook();
};
(i) Name the members, which can be accessed from the member functions of class
physicsbook.
(ii) Name the members, which can be accessed by an object of Class textbook.
(iii) Name the members, which can be accessed by an object of Class physicsbook. (iv) What will be the size of an object (in bytes) of class physicsbook.
Q7 Write a function in a C++ to count the number of lowercase alphabets present in a text file
“BOOK.txt”.
Q8 Given a binary file PHONE.DAT, containing records of the following structure type
class phonelist
{
char Name[20] ;
char Address[30] ;
charAreaCode[5] ;
charPhoneNo[15] ;
public :
void Register( ) ;
void Show( ) ;
intCheckCode(char AC[ ])
{ return strcmp(AreaCode, AC) ;
}
} ;
Write a function TRANSFER( ) in C++, that would copy all those records which are having
AreaCode as “DEL” from PHONE.DAT to PHONBACK.DAT.
POLITICAL SCIENCE
1. ‘Non-Alignment Movement (NAM) has become irrelevant today.’ Do you agree with the
statement? Support your answer with any three suitable arguments.
2. How is Non-alignment different from neutrality or equal distances?
3. How did the NIEO come into being? What reforms were proposed by UNCTAD in its report in
1972?
4. Evaluate any six consequences of the disintegration of the Soviet Union.
5. If the Soviet Union had not disintegrated and the world had remained bipolar, how would that
situation have affected the world politics?
6. Describe the role of Gorbachev to reform the Soviet system and the effects of these reforms on
the U.S.S.R.
7. Describe the factors that make most of the former Soviet Republics prone to conflicts and threats.
8. Explain any three constraints on the American Power.
9. Examine the factors responsible for the U.S. hegemony in the world politics.
10. Assess the aims and achievements of ASEAN.
11. Evaluate any three major factors responsible for the European Union to be a highly influential
regional organization.
12. Explain the New Economic Policy of China since 1978.
13. Discuss the positive and negative aspects of India’s relations with Bangladesh.
14. Analyse the common problems of South Asian countries.
15. Describe India’s relations with China from independence to 1962.
HISTORY
General Instructions:
Students should prepare individual dummy projects of about 30-35 pages for CBSE assessment. The
project should be prepared according to the guidelines already issued in class.
The project should include the following sections:
1. Cover page- Displaying the topic.
2. Acknowledgement – Thanking the people or institution that has helped you in completion of
your project.
3. Certificate- Mentioning your name and the name of teacher under whose supervision you have
completed your work.
4. Index- Giving the list of contents with page numbers.
5. Introduction- Giving the purpose and importance of a study.
6. Chapters- Give a title to each chapter along with details and pictures.
7. Conclusion- What do you learn from your study?
8. Bibliography- Showing the sources from where you have gathered information.
Present the following in your project report:
• Data/Statistical Analysis/Map work
• Analysis/Explanation and interpretation
• Bibliography
Students can use primary as well as secondary sources for the research work. Choose any one of the
following topics:
1. The mysteries behind the mound of dead – Mohenjo-Daro
2. An In-depth study to understand Spiritual Archaeology in the Sub-Continent
3. Buddha’s Path to Enlightenment
4. Insight and Reflection of Bernier’s notions of The Mughal Empire
5. An exploratory study to know the women who created history
6. “Mahatma Gandhi” – A legendary soul
7. To reconstruct the History of Vijaynagar through the Archaeology of Hampi
8. The emerald city of Colonial Era – BOMBAY
9. Vision of unity behind the first war of Independence
10. Divine Apostle of Guru Nanak Dev
11. Help, Humanity and Sacrifices during Partition
12. Glimpses inside Mughals Imperials Household
13. The process behind the framing of the Indian Constitution
14. The ‘BrahmNirupam’ of Kabir – A journey to Ultimate Reality
Students have to be prepared to give viva on the project in the class.
Note-
A summary/synopsis (one page) of the project has to be prepared covering:
a) The objective statement
b) Their observations and findings
The project must be neat and well presented and must be completely hand-written.
• No whiteners to be used or written matter to be crossed out. In case of any mistake, re-do the
sheet.
• Do not number sheets or write dates unless so instructed by your teacher.
Colour illustrations, maps, charts may be hand drawn or printed (if it is relevant for any aspect of your
project) are welcome to make them look attractive.
INFORMATICS PRACTICES
Q1 Tara wants to upload and download files from/to a remote intenet server, write the name of the
relevant communication protocol, which will let her do the same.
Q2 Two doctors in the same room have connected their Palm Tops using Bluetooth for working on a
Group presentation. Out of the following, what kind of Network they have formed? LAN, MAN,
PAN, WAN
Q3 Arrange the following communication channels in ascending order of their data
transmission rates.
Ethernet Cable, Optical Fiber, Telephone Cable, Co-axial Cable
Q4 Which of the following is not a characteristic of Open Source Software?
• Its source code is available for modification
• It is owned by a company or an individual
• It can be downloaded from internet
Q5 Jai Khanna is confused between the terms Domain Name and URL. Explain the difference with
the help of appropriate examples of each.
Q6 Differentiate between
(i) Star and Bus Topology of networks.
(ii) Wireless and Wired Communication
(iii) Bridge and Gateway
(iv) Switch and Router
Q7 Mr. Ram works for the Customs Department. He wishes to create controls on the form
for the following functions. Choose appropriate controls from Text box, Label,
Option button, Check box, Combo box, Command button and write in the third column.
S.no Control used to Control Name
1. Enter last name
2. Choose you Gender (M/F)
3. Choose the name of country That
issued passport
4. Submit form
Q8 ABC School uses the following interface built in java to check the eligibility of a student for a
particular stream from science, commerce and humanities. The user first enters the total percentage and
selects the desired stream by selecting the appropriate option button. An additional 5% is marks is given
to students of NCC.
Write Java Code for the following
a) On the Action event of the close button the application gets closed.
b) On the Action event of the clear button all the text fields and the check boxes get cleared.
c) On Action event of the button ‘Calc Percentage’ Net percentage of the
student is calculated and displayed in the appropriate text filed. Net percentage is same as
that of the actual percentage if the student doesn’t opts for NCC otherwise 5% is added to
the actual percentage.
d) On Action Event of the button ‘Result’, the application checks the eligibility of the
students. And displays result “ in the appropriate text field. Minimum percentage for
science is 70, for commerce 60 and for humanities 40.
ECONOMICS
Q1. “Digital India Programme started by Indian Government will have no impact on PPC of India.”
Critically analyse the given statement.
Q2. Explain the meaning and implication of “Fuller and efficient utilisation of resources” on
production possibility curve of the economy.
Q3. Using a diagram, explain why a consumer is said to be in equilibrium only at a level where
Marginal utility derived by the consumer from the commodity becomes equal to the price of a
commodity.
Q4. Explain giving reasons, the changes that take place in marginal rate of transformation when we
move downward along the production possibility curve.
Q5. A consumer consumes only two goods X and Y and is in equilibrium. Price of X falls. Explain
the reaction of the consumer through the utility analysis.
Q6. A consumer consumes only two goods X and Y. Marginal utilities of X and Y are 4 and 3
respectively. Price of both X and Y is Rs. 3 per unit. Is the consumer in equilibrium? What will be
the reaction of the consumer? Give reasons.
Q7. A consumer consumes only two goods X and Y, both priced at Rs.2 per unit. If the consumer
chooses a combination of the two goods with marginal rate of substitution equal to 2, is the
consumer in equilibrium? Why or why not? What will a rational consumer do in this situation?
Explain.
Q8. A consumer consumes only two goods X and Y whose prices are Rs.5 and Rs. 4 respectively. If
the consumer chooses a combination of the two goods with marginal utility of X equal to 4 and that
of Y equal to 5, is the consumer in equilibrium? Why or why not? What will a rational consumer do
in this situation? Use utility analysis.
Q9. If the consumer has monotonic preferences, can she be indifferent between the bundles (10, 8)
and (8, 6)? Explain.
Q10. A consumer wants to consume two goods. The prices of the two goods are Rs.4 and Rs.5,
respectively. The consumer’s income is Rs. 20.
1) Write down the equation for the budget line.
2) How much of good X can the consumer consume, if she spends her entire income on that good?
3) What is the slope of the budget line?
Q11. Explain the impact of fall in price of good X on consumer’s equilibrium, when a consumer
consumes only two goods, i.e. X and Y, using indifference curve approach.
Q12. How is equilibrium of the consumer affected in case, when MUm is rising and Px is constant?
Project:
Make a comprehensive Project on the topic given and discussed in the class. The topics have been
already allotted and explained in details.
BUSINESS STUDIES
Complete the assigned project work as guided:
➢ Project work on Marketing
OR
➢ Project work on Principles of Management
Case studies
Q.1) Nutan Tiffin Box service was started in Mumbai by Mumbai Dabbawalas. The Dabbawalas who are
the soul of entire Mumbai aim to provide prompt and efficient services by providing tasty homemade
tiffin to all office goers at right time and place. The service is uninterrupted even on the days of bad
weather, political unrest and social disturbances. Recently they have started online booking system
through their website ‘mydabbawala.com’. Owing to their tremendous popularity amongst the happy and
satisfied customers and members, the dabbawalas were invited as guest lecturers by top business schools.
The Dabbawalas operate in a group of 25-30 people along with a group leader. Each group teams up with
other groups in order to deliver the tiffin on time. They are not transferred on frequent basis as they have
to remember the addresses of their customers. They follow certain rules while doing trade- No alcohol
during working hours; No leave without permission; Wearing of white cap & carrying ID cards during
business hours. Recently on the suggestion of a few self motivated fellow men, the dabbawalas thought
out and executed a plan of providing food left in tiffins by customers to slum children. They have
instructed their customers to place red sticker if food is left in the tiffin, to be fed to poor children later.
State four principles of management given by Fayol & two characteristics of management referred in the
above case.
Q.2) In your school which technique of Scientific Management or management principle is followed in
following situations:
(i) Deciding the duration of lessons.
(ii) Arrangement of apparatus and equipment in science laboratory.
(iii) Books are found in library; attendance registers in Administrator’s office.
(iv) Principal leads the school but each department has its own head who is responsible for preparing
group goals, ordering books and materials etc for the department.
(v) Students or parents can file their suggestions to the respective class teachers and if need be the class
teacher may discuss the issue with the Principal and if the issue is very urgent the parents can directly get
in touch with the Principal.
Q.3) Mr. Ramaya is a sales manager in a multi product company. The main products of the company are
Cars, Washing powder, Readymade Garments and Noodles. The sales manager has four alternatives for
sales promotion, e.g; selling the product at 40% discount, selling at 0% interest through instalments,
giving packets of sauce with the product and distributing samples. He is not able to understand as to what
alternate should be offered with which product.
(i) Make combinations of alternatives of sales promotion.
(ii) Name the method of sales promotion with different combinations.
Q.4) Ashima purchased a bottle of tomato sauce from the local grocery shop. The information provided
on the bottle was not clear. She fell sick on consuming it. She filed a case in the District forum under
Consumer Protection Act and got the relief.
(a) Identify the important aspect neglected by the marketer in the above case.
(b) Explain briefly the functions of the aspect identified in (a) above.
Q.5) Advertisement is an important business activity. On the one hand, it makes available to the people
information regarding different new and old products and on the other, it is also a source of living for
many persons. Impressed by these traits of advertisement Tanu, Manu and Sanchit , three students of
class XII made up their mind to go ahead with project work on advertisement. All the three concerned
with the people about advertisement. Each one of them, on the basis of his survey, concluded as under :
(i) Tanu opined that advertisement costs get transferred to consumers in form of high prices.
(ii) Manu was of the opinion that advertisement showed reality in a twisted form.
(iii) Sanchit maintained that advertisement was turning people from reality to artificiality.
What do the above remarks about advertisement hint at? Explain it with critically..
Identify two values that advertisement presents to the society.
Q.6) Radha found a worm crawling out of a newly opened tetra pack of a juice manufactured by a
reputed company, Zest ltd. She went back to the shopkeeper from whom the pack was purchased, who
directed her to call up the customer care centre. When all her efforts failed, she went to a consumer
activist group to seek help. The group decided to help Radha and take measures to impose restrictions on
the sale of firm’s products of the particular pack and urged customers to refrain from buying the products
of the company. Zest ltd. lost its image in the market. The CEO gives responsibility of bringing back the
lost image of the company to a manager.
a) Identify and explain the concept of Marketing Management which will help the manager in getting the
firm out of the crisis.
b) Also explain the role of the above identified concept by stating any three points of importance.
Q.7) Identify the characteristic of Management in the following:
(i) All regional sales manager of Achieve Best Ltd worked towards achievement of the company’s annual
sales target of 50 million toys.
(ii) Management sets targets and unites efforts of all individuals to accomplish them.
Q.8) Neena was a student of Business Studies of class XII. Her father was a farmer who grew different
varieties of rice and was well versed about various aspects of rice cultivation. He was also selected by the
Government for a pilot project on Rice cultivation. As a project work in Business Studies, she decided to
study the feasibility of marketing good quality rice at a reasonable price. Her father suggested her to use
internet to gather customer’s views and opinions. She found that there was huge demand for packaged
organic rice. She knew that there were no predetermined specifications in case of rice because of which it
would be difficult to achieve uniformity in the output. To differentiate the product from its competitors,
she gave it the name of ‘Malabar Organic Rice’ and classified it into three different varieties- Popular,
Classic and Supreme based on the quality.
Explain the three functions of marketing with reference to the above case.
ACCOUNTANCY
Fundamentals of Partnership
Interest on capital and Interest on drawings
1. P and Q are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2. On 1st April 2013 their capital balances
were `50, 000 and `40,000 respectively. On 1st July 2013, P brought `10, 000 as his additional capital
whereas Q brought `20, 000 as additional capital on 1st October 2013. Interest on capital was provided @
5% p.a. Calculate the interest on capital of P and Q on 31st March 2014.
2. A and B are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 2:1. A withdraws `1500 at the beginning of
each month and B withdrew ` 2000 at the end of each month for 12 months. Interest on drawings was
charged @ 6% p.a. Calculate the interest on drawing of A and B for the year ended 31st December 2014.
3. From the following balance sheet of X and Y, calculate interest on capitals @ 10% p.a.
payable to X and Y for the year ended 31st December, 2014.
Liabilities Amount (`) Assets Amount(`)
X's Capital
Y's capital
P & L appropriation A/c
50,000
40,000
20,000
Sundry Assets
Drawings X
1,00,000
10,000
1,10,000 1,10,000
During the year 2014, X's drawings were ` 10,000 and Y's Drawing were ` 30,000.Profit during the year,
2014 was ` 30, 000.
4. A, B & C are partners in a firm. C used firm’s money to buy shares without disclosing it to other partners.
Which value C is violating and what will be the treatment of profit earned by C?
Distribution of profit
5. Renu and Reshma started business sharing profits as 7:3. Renu wants to give admission to her friend
Rehana as a new partner. Reshma agrees with this decision of Renu. Rehana is a physically challenged
lady and admitted with a ¼ share in profits. Renu and Reshma gave her a guarantee that her share of profit
will never be less than ` 1, 20,000 per annum. The profits for last two years ended March 31, 2012 and
March 31, 2013 were
` 1, 60,000 and ` 2, 40,000 respectively. Identify any one human value involved in this case and prepare
Profit and Loss Appropriation Account for the two years.
6. P and Q are partners with capitals of ` 6,00,000 and ` 4,00,000 respectively. The profit
and Loss Account of the firm showed a net Profit of ` 4, 26,800 for the year. Prepare Profit and Loss
account after taking the following into consideration:-
(i) Interest on P's Loan of ` 2, 00,000 to the firm
(ii) Interest on capital to be allowed @ 6% p.a.
(iii) Interest on Drawings @ 8% p.a. Drawings were; P ` 80,000 and Q ` 1000,000.
(iv) Q is to be allowed a commission on sales @ 3%. Sales for the year was ` 10, 00,000.
(v) 10% of the divisible profits is to be kept in a Reserve Account.
7. On 1st April, 2012, Mohit and Parveen started a partnership firm introducing capital of
` 80,000 and ` 60,000 respectively. Under the partnership deed:
(a) 10 % of the profit to be transferred to General Reserve.
(b) Mohit and Praveen to get a monthly salary of ` 2,200 and `3,300 respectively.
(c) Interest on capital is to be allowed at 12 % per annum and interest on drawings is to be charged @
10 % per annum.
Before the above appropriations, the profit for the year 2012-13 was ` 1, 26,800. Drawings of
Mohit and Parveen were ` 16,000 and ` 21,000 respectively.
Prepare firm’s Profit and Loss Appropriation Account and Partners’ Capital Accounts.
8. Lalan and Balan were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2. Their fixed capitals as
on April 1, 2012 were: Lalan- ` 1, 00,000 and Balan- ` 2, 00,000. They agreed to allow interest on capital
@12 % per annum. The firm charge interest on drawings @ 15% per annum. The firm earned a profit,
before all above adjustments, of ` 30,000 for the year ended March 31, 2013. The drawings of Lalan and
Balan during the year were `3,000 and ` 5,000 respectively. Showing your calculations clearly, prepare P
and L Appropriation Account of Lalan and Balan. The interest on capital will be allowed even if the firm
incurs a loss.
Past Adjustments
9. A, B and C are partners in a firm. They had omitted interest on capital @ 10 % p.a for three years
ended 31st March, 2014. Their capitals on which interest was to be calculated throughout were:
A ` 1, 00,000
B ` 80,000
C ` 70,000
Give the adjusting journal entry with working notes.
10. A, B and C were partners. Their capitals were `30,000; ` 20,000 and ` 10,000 respectively.
According to the partnership deed, they were entitled to an interest on capital @ 5 % per annum. In
addition B was also entitled to draw a salary of `500 per month. C was entitled to a commission of 5 % on
the profits after charging the interest on capital, but before charging the salary payable to B. The net profits
for the year were ` 30,000, distributed in the ratio of 2:2:1. Pass the necessary journal entries showing the
working clearly.
Guarantee of profit
11. Ali, Bimal and Deepak are partners in a firm. On April 1, 2013 their capital accounts stood as `4,
00,000; ` 3, 00,000 and `2, 00,000 respectively. They shared profits and losses in the proportion of 5:3:2.
Partners are entitled to interest on capital @ 10 % per annum and salary to Deepak and Bimal ` 3,000 per
quarter and ` 2000 per month respectively as per the provision of the partnership deed.
Bimal’s share of profit (excluding interest on capital but including salary) is guaranteed at a minimum of
` 50,000 per annum. Any deficiency arising on that account shall be met be Deepak. The profits of the
firm for the year ended March 31, 2014 amounted to ` 2, 00,000.
Prepare Profit and Loss Appropriation account for the year ended March 31, 2014.
Valuation of Goodwill
1. Anya, Kavya and Sanya were in partnership sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5:3:2. They
decide to take Sanha into partnership from 1st April, 2008 for 1/5th share in profit. For this purpose,
goodwill is to be valued at 80 % of the average annual profits of the previous three or four years,
whichever is higher.
The profits were: - `
Year ended 31st March, 2008 48,000
Year ended 31st March, 2007 30,000
Year ended 31st March, 2006 31,500
Year ended 31st March, 2005 45,000
Calculate goodwill Sanya’s share of Goodwill.
2. X and Y are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2. They admit Z for 1/5th share for
this purpose , the goodwill of the firm is to be valued on the basis of 3 year’s purchase of last 5 year’s
average profits.
The profits were: -
Year 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12
Profit ` 5,000 ̀ 60,000 ` 40,000 ` 65,000 ` 80,000
The profit of 2010-2011 was calculated after charging ` 5,000 for loss of goods by fire. Calculate
goodwill of the firm.
3. On 1st April, 2008, an existing firm had assets of ` 75,000 including cash of ` 5000 on that date.
Its creditors amounted to `5000 on that date. The firm had a reserve fund of ` 10,000 while partner’s
capital accounts showed a balance of ` 60,000. If the normal rate of return is 20% and the goodwill of the
firm is valued at ` 24,000, at four year purchase of super profit, find the average profit per year of the
existing firm.
4. J and K are partners in a firm. Their capitals are: J- `3, 00,000 and K-`2, 00,000. During the year
ended 31st March, 2010, the firm earned a profit of ` 1, 50,000. Assuming that the normal rate of return is
20 %, calculate the value of goodwill of the firm :
a. Bycapitalisation method
b. By super profit method if the goodwill is valued at 2 year’s purchase of super profits.
5. X and Y are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2. They agree to take Z into
partnership for 1/3 share. For this purpose, goodwill is to be valued at two year’s purchase of the average
profit of last four years which were as follows:
`
• Year ending on 31st March,2009 50,000 (Profit)
• Year ending on 31st March,2010 1,20,000 (Profit)
• Year ending on 31st March,2011 1,00,000 (Profit)
• Year ending on 31st March,2012 70,000 ( Loss)
On 1st April, 2011 a motor bike costing ` 50,000 was purchased and debited to travelling expenses
account, on which the depreciation is to be charged @ 20 %. Calculate the value of Goodwill.
6. Calculate goodwill of the firm if it is to be valued at four years’ purchase of the super profits of
the last three years. Average profits of the last three years are `20,000; while the normal profits that can
be earned on the capital employed are ` 12,000.
7. Meena purchased Simran’s business from 1st Jan, 2014. The profits disclosed by Simran’s
business for the last three years were as follows:
2011- ` 40,000 (Including profit on sale of Fixed Asset ` 5,000)
2012- ` 50,000 (After charging loss by fire of ` 10,000)
2013- ` 45,000 (Excluding ` 5,000 as annual insurance premium for insuring stock but including `
10,000 as interest received on bank deposits)
Calculate the value of the firm’s goodwill on the basis of 2 years’ purchase of the average profits for the
last three years.
8. Rajan and Rohit are partners in a firm. Their capitals were: Rajan ` 3, 00,000; Rohit ` 2, 00,000.
During the year 2013 the firm earned a profit of ` 1, 50,000. Calculate the value of goodwill of the firm
on the basis of capitalisation of average profits assuming that the normal rate if return is 20%.
9. From the figures given below, calculate goodwill according to the capitalisation of super profit
method:
i. Actual Average profits ` 72,000
ii. Normal rate of return 10%
iii. Assets ` 9,70,000
iv. Liabilities ` 4,00,000
