Variable,

Calculation,

Selection &

Loop

Function &

Data Type

Class,

Object &

GUI

Programming

File I/O,

Recursion,

Sort &

Search

Turtle

Graphics

Python for

Computational

Thinking

[자료형]을

이용한

컴퓨팅 사고력

리스트(List)

형 식 list = [ value1, value2, value3, ... ]

사용 예 >>> list = [1, 2, 3, ‘a’, ‘b’, ‘python’]

Index list[0] list[1]list[2] list[3] list[4] list[5]

값 1 23 a b python

음수 Index list[-6] list[-5]list[-4] list[-3] list[-2] list[-1]

형 식for 변수 in 리스트명 :

문장...

Source

list = [1, 2, 3, ‘a’, ‘b’, ‘python’]for i in list :

print(i)

Shell

123abpython

Shell

>>> number = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]>>> number.append(6)>>> number[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

>>> number2 = [‘one’, ‘two’]>>> number2.append(‘three’)>>> number2[‘one’, ‘two’, ‘three’]

>>> number3 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]>>> number3.append([6, 7, 8, 9])>>> number3[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, [6, 7, 8, 9]]

Source

nums = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]results = [ ]for i in nums :

if i > 5 :results.append(i)

print(results)

data = [ ]file = open(“C:\data.txt”, “r”)for i in file.readlines() :

data.append(i.strip())

print(data)

Shell [6, 7, 8, 9] [“one”, “two”, “three”]

Shell

>>> num3 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

>>> num3.insert(2, 6)

>>> num3

[1, 2, 6, 3, 4, 5]

>>> num4 = [‘one’, ‘two’]

>>> num4.insert(1, ‘three’)

>>> num4

[‘one’, ‘three’, ‘two’]

Shell

>>> num1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

>>> num1.extend([6, 7, 8, 9])

>>> num1

[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

Shell

>>> list3 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

>>> list3.index(3)

2

>>> list3.index(5, 2)

4

>>> list3.index(3, 1, 4)

2

>>> list4 = [‘one’, ‘two’, ‘three’, ‘four’, ‘five’]

>>> list4.index(‘three’)

2

>>> list4.index(‘four’, 2)

3

>>> list4.index(‘three’, 1, 3)

2

Shell>>> num0 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 3]>>> num0.count(3)3

Shell

>>> list3 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

>>> list3.pop()

5

>>> list3

[1, 2, 3, 4]

>>> list3.pop(2)

3

>>> list3

[1, 2, 4]

>>> list4 = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E']

>>> list4.pop()

'E'

>>> list4

['A', 'B', 'C', 'D']

>>> list4.pop(1)

'B'

>>> list4

['A', 'C', 'D']

Shell

>>> num2 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 3]

>>> num2.remove(3)

>>> num2

[1, 2, 4, 5, 3, 3]

Shell

>>> num0 = [1, 9, 3, 8, 5]

>>> num0.sort()

[1, 3, 5, 8, 9]

>>> num0 = [1, 9, 3, 8, 5]

>>> num0.sort(reverse=True)

[9, 8, 5, 3, 1]

Source

def SelectionSort( ArList ) :

for i in range( len( ArList )) :

least = i

leastValue = ArList[i]

for j in range( i+1, len( ArList )) :

if (ArList[j]) < leastValue :

least = j

leastValue = ArList[j]

temp = ArList[i]

ArList[i] = ArList[least]

ArList[least] = temp

SList = [ 0, 1, 3, 5, 2, 6, 9, 7, 8 ]

SelectionSort(SList)

print(SList)

Shell [0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

Shell

>>> num1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 3]>>> num1.reverse()>>> num1[3, 3, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1]

Shell

>>> num1 = [1, 2, 3]

>>> num2 = [4, 5, 6]

>>> num3 = num1 + num2

>>> num3

[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

>>> num4 = [1, 2, 3] * 2

>>> num4

[1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3]

Shell

>>> num6 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

>>> len(num6)

6

>>> num7 = [‘A’, ‘B’, ‘C’]

>>> len(num7)

3

Shell

>>> num2 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

>>> num3 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

>>> num2 == num3

True

>>> num2 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

>>> num3 = [4, 5, 6]

>>> num2 < num3

True

Source

keywords = [“one”, “three”, “nine”]

s_key = keywords[0]

for i in range(1, len(keywords)) :

if len(keywords[i]) < len(s_key) :

s_key = keywords[i]

print(“가장 짧은 단어 : ”, s_key)

Shell

>>> num9 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

>>> max(num9)

6

가장 짧은 단어 : one

Shell

>>> str0 = “Who are you ?”

>>> str0.split()

[‘Who’, ‘are’, ‘you’, ‘?’]

>>> str3 = “There are you, I and her”

>>> str3.split(“,”)

[‘There are you’, ‘I and her’]

Shell

>>> nums = [1, 2, 3]

>>> numc = nums

>>> numc

[1, 2, 3]

>>> nums = [1, 2, 3]

>>> numc = list(nums)

>>> numc

[1, 2, 3]

>>> fromcopyimportdeepcopy

>>> nums = [1, 2, 3]

>>> numc = deepcopy(nums)

>>> numc

[1, 2, 3]

>>> nums = [1, 2, 3]

>>> numc = nums

>>> numc[2] = 10

>>> numc

[1, 2, 10]

>>> nums = [1, 2, 3]

>>> numc = list(nums)

>>> numc[2] = 10

>>> numc

[1, 2, 10]

>>> fromcopyimportdeepcopy

>>> nums = [1, 2, 3]

>>> numc = deepcopy(nums)

>>> numc[2] = 10

>>> numc

[1, 2, 10]

Source

grade = [

[ 90, 95, 98 ],

[ 85, 90, 80 ],

[ 60, 70, 80 ]

]

print(grade)

grade = [

[ 90, 95, 98 ],

[ 85, 90, 80 ],

[ 60, 70, 80 ]

]

rows = len(grade)

cols = len(grade[0])

for i in range(rows) :

for j in range(cols) :

print(grade[i][j], end=“,”)

print(grade)

Shell

[[90, 95, 98], [85, 90, 80], [60, 70, 8

0]]

90,95,98,

85,90,80,

60,70,80,

Source

grade = [ [ 90, 95, 98 ], [ 85, 90, 80 ], [ 60, 70, 80 ] ]

data = len(grade[0])

sum = 0

for i in range(data) :

sum = sum + grade[2][i]

print(sum)

Shell

210

Shell

>>> tuple2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)

>>> tuple2[3]

4

>>> tuple2[-4]

3

>>> tuple2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)

>>> tuple2[1:3]

(2, 3)

>>> tuple2[4:]

(5, 6)

Shell

>>> a, b = 10, 20

>>> print(a, b)

10 20

>>> a, b = b, a

>>> print(a, b)

20 10

>>> tuple3 = (‘A’, ‘B’, ‘C’)

>>> len(tuple3)

3

>>> ‘C’ in tuple3

True

>>> tuple3 + (‘D’, ‘E’, ‘F’)

(‘A’,‘B’,‘C’,‘D’,‘E’,‘F’

>>> tuple3 * 3

(‘A’,‘B’,‘C’,‘A’,‘B’,‘C’,‘A’,‘B’,‘C’)

>>> tuple4 = (‘파이썬’, ‘3’, ‘Windows’)

>>> (language, version, platform) = tuple4

>>> language

‘파이썬’

>>> version

‘3’

>>> platform

‘Windows’

Source

num3 = {2, 5, 3, 4, 1}

for i in num3 :

print(i, end=“ ”)

num3 = {2, 5, 3, 4, 1}

for i in sorted(num3) :

print(i, end=“ ”)

Shell

1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

Shell

>>> set5 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

>>> set5.add(6)

>>> set5

{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}

>>> set6 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

>>> set6.update([3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8])

>>> set6

{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}

>>> set7 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

>>> set7.discard(4)

>>> set7

{1, 2, 3, 5}

>>> set8 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

>>> set8.remove(4)

>>> set8

{1, 2, 3 5}

>>> set9 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

>>> set9.clear()

>>> set9

set()

Shell

>>> set2 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

>>> set3 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

>>> set2 == set3

True

>>> set2 = {1, 2, 3}

>>> set3 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}

>>> set2 > set3

False

>>> set3 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

>>> set4 = {4, 5}

>>> set4.issubset(set3)

True

>>> set3 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

>>> set4 = {4, 5}

>>> set3.issuperset(set4)

True

>>> set9 = set(“IamPython”)

>>> ‘P’ in set9

True

Shell

>>> set2 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}>>> set3 = {6, 7, 8}>>> set2 | set3{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}

>>> set2 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}>>> set3 = {6, 7, 8}>>> set2.union(set3){1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}>>> set3.union(set2){1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}

>>> set3 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}>>> set4 = {2, 3, 4, 5}>>> set3 & set4{2, 3, 4, 5}

>>> set3 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}>>> set4 = {2, 3, 4, 5}>>> set3.intersection(set4){2, 3, 4, 5}

>>> set3 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}>>> set4 = {2, 3, 4, 5}>>> set3 - set4{1}

>>> set3 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}>>> set4 = {2, 3, 4, 5}>>> set3.difference(set4){1}

Shell

>>> dic3 = {‘name’: ‘Kim’, ‘age’: 20}

>>> dic3[‘name’]

‘Kim’

>>> dic3 = {‘name’: ‘Kim’, ‘age’: 20}

>>> del dic3[‘name’]

>>> dic3

{‘age’: 20}

>>> dic3 = {‘name’: ‘Kim’, ‘age’: 20}

>>> dic3[‘tel’] = ‘010-1234-5678’

>>> dic3

{‘tel’: ‘010-1234-5678’, ‘age’: ‘20’, ‘nam

e’: ‘Kim’}

>>> dic3 = {‘name’: ‘Kim’, ‘age’: 20}

>>> dic3.pop(“name”)

‘Kim’

>>> dic3

{‘age’: 20}

Source

dic3 = {‘name’: ‘Kim’, ‘age’: 20}

for i in dic3.items() :

print(i)

Shell

(‘name’, ‘Kim’)

(‘age’, 20)

>>> dic3 = {‘name’: ‘Kim’, ‘age’: 20}

>>> ‘name’ in dic3

True

Source

dic3 = {‘name’: ‘Kim’, ‘age’: 20}

for i in dic3.keys() :

print(i)

Shell

age

name

>>> dic3 = {‘name’: ‘Kim’, ‘age’: 20}

>>> dic3.keys()

dict_keys([‘name’, ‘age’])

Shell

>>> dic3 = {‘name’: ‘Kim’, ‘age’: 20}

>>> dic3.values()

dict_values([20, ‘Kim’])

Shell

>>> dic3 = {‘name’: ‘Kim’, ‘age’: 20}

>>> dic3.items()

dict_items([(‘age’, 20), (‘name’, ‘Kim’)])

Shell

>>> dic3 = {‘name’: ‘Kim’, ‘age’: 20}

>>> dic3.clear()

>>> dic3

{}

Shell

>>> dic3 = {‘name’: ‘Kim’, ‘age’: 20}

>>> ‘name’in dic3

True

\문자 설 명 \문자 설 명

\n 줄 바꿈(New Line) \￦ 문자 ‘￦’

\t 탭(Tab) \’ 단일 인용부호 (‘)

\0 NULL 문자 \” 이중 인용부호 ( ”)

Shell

>>> “010” “1234” “5678”

‘01012345678’

>>> “010”+“1234”+“5678”

‘01012345678’

>>> “010”* 3

‘010010010’

>>> “ABC” “DEF” “GHI”

‘ABCDEFGHI’

>>> “ABC”+“DEF”+“GHI”

‘ABCDEFGHI’

>>> “ABC”* 3

‘ABCABCABC’

Index string[0] string[1] string[2] string[3] string[4] string[5]

문자열(값) 1 2 3 a b python

음수 Index string[-6] string[-5] string[-4] string[-3] string[-2] string[-1]

Shell

>>> nums = “123456”

>>> nums[3]

‘4’

>>> nums[-4]

‘3’

>>> chars = “Nice to meet you!”

>>> chars[0:4]

‘Nice’

>>> chars[-4:-1]

‘you’

>>> nums = “123456”

>>> nums[3:]

‘456’

>>> nums[:3]

‘123’

>>> chars = “Nice to meet you!”

>>> chars[::5]

‘Nteu’

>>> chars[::-5]

‘!toi’

Shell

>>> print(“나는 %d살이고, 체중은 %.lf kg이며 사는 곳은 %s이다.”% (20, 70, ‘대한민국’))

나는 20살이고, 체중은 70 kg이며 사는 곳은 대한민국이다.

>>> height = 180.54

>>> print(“나의 키 : ”. format(height, ‘.1f’))

나의 키 : 180.5

>>> print(“우리지역 인구 수 : ”. format(123456789, ‘,d’))

우리지역 인구 수 : 123,456,789

>>> ‘{0} {1} {2} {0}’. format(24, 36, 48)

‘24 36 48 24’

>>> ‘{0} / {1} = {2:.3f}’. format(5, 3, 5/3)

‘5 / 3 = 1.667’

>>> ‘나는 {age}살이고 , 체중은 {weight}kg이며 사는 곳은 {country}이다 .’. format(age=20,

weight=70, country=‘대한민국’)

'나는 20살이고, 체중은 70kg이며 사는 곳은 대한민국이다.'

Shell

>>> chars = ‘abcDEF’

>>> chars.upper()

‘ABCDEF’

>>> chars = ‘abcDEF’

>>> chars.lower()

‘abcdef’

>>> chars = ‘Nice to meet you!’

>>> chars.find(‘you’)

13

>>> chars = ‘Nice-to-meet-you!’

>>> chars.replace(‘-’, ‘ ’)

‘Nice to meet you!’

>>> chars = ‘Nice to meet you! I’m your friend. My name is Python.’

>>> chars.count(‘you’)

2

Shell

>>> chars = ‘ Hi! ’

>>> chars.strip()

‘Hi!’

>>> chars = ‘1/2/3/4/5’

>>> chars.split(‘/’)

[‘1’, ‘2’, ‘3’, ‘4’, ‘5’]

>>> chars = [‘1’, ‘2’, ‘3’, ‘4’, ‘5’]

>>> sep = “-”

>>> sep.join(chars)

‘1-2-3-4-5’

>>> chars = ‘abcDEF’

>>> chars.isalpha()

True

>>> chars = ‘abcDEF’

>>> chars.isdigit()

False

>>> chars = ‘abcDEF’

>>> chars.startswith(“a”)

True

>>> chars = ‘abcDEF’

>>> chars.endswith(‘G’)

False