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New Particles at BELLE
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
There is an impressive list of new particles in the charm sector discovered by BELLE in the last few years:
This talk covers only Not included in this talk
X(3872) c(3753) Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 (2002)
X(3940) (2308)
Y(3940) Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 (2005) D1(2427) c(2800) Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 (2005)
Phys. Rev. D 69 (2004)
D0*
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
Discovery of X(3872) J/
History
Discovery by BELLE :
narrow J mass peak
in excl. B K J decays Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 262001 (2003)
has been confirmed by CDF II, D0, BaBar
m, not compatible with charmonium state
m peaks near upper kinematic limit as expected for
but : charmonium decaying to J/ violates isospin suppressed
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
X(3872) observation
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
Theoretical Explanation for X(3872)
What could it be?
Mx = (3871.9 ± 0.5) MeV is within error equal to the threshold (3871.3 ± 1) MeV
Speculation: X might be a molecule - like bound state
Tornquist: JPC = 0-+, 1++ C = +1
J via 0J/ intermediate state m concentrated at high masses
Swanson: dynamical model for X as a hadronic resonance
JPC = 1++ strongly favoured
+ appreciable admixture of J/ + small J/
Decay X(3872) J/ observation would unambiguously establish C = 1 for X
D0D *0
D0D *0
D0D *0
D0D *0
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
Study of X(3872) J/
Study B K J/
256 fb-1 data sample (275 M )
Selection: J/, K0 or K, Ptab > 40 MeV
to reduce continuum events (e+e- qb)
R2 < 0.4 (normalized Fox-Wolfram moment)
|cosB| < 0.8 B polar angle of B in cms
B KJ/ are identified by
E EBcms Ebeam
cms
Mcb (Ebeamcms )2 (PB
cms )2
BB
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
Evidence for X(3872) J/
Constraint: Signal Region:
Mbc > 5.20 GeV 5.2745 < Mbc < 5.2855 GeV
|E| < 0.2 GeV |E| < 0.035 GeV
Prominent peak near 3510 MeV in M(J/) is used for calibration
The only significant B-meson signal is in the 3872 MeV bin (also for E-distribution)
Simultaneous fit of Mbc and E and background (ARGUS function for Mbc and first order
polynominal for E):
Signal yield: 13.6 ± 4.4 events,
Significance: 4.0
(from B Kc1, c1 J /)
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
4
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
Evidence for X(3872) J/
X J/ similar selection as above
slightly different signal region
only significant B-meson signal in 3872 MeV bin (not shown)
Mbc distribution for various inv. mass bins:
only significant B meson signal for M() > 750 MeV bin
the same for E
Fit: 12.4 ± 4.1 events Significance: 4.3
possible background B K J/ fit: 0.75 ± 0.14 events
B K J/ non res., use left and right side bound region
1.3 ± 1.0 events
0 , fit : 2 6, p0
cms 180MeV
|M ( J /) m((2S)) | 3
Br(X 0J /)
Br(X J /)1.0 0.4 0.3
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
X(3
872)
+
J/
A ~ J/xprelp waves
Lint
1-p = 4%, 0.01%
Transversity analysis useful for decays to V + V
triple scalar product
rest frame
J/
in rest frame
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
X(3
872)
+
J/
A ~ J/Lint
1-p = 0.3%, 5x10-6 %
common rest frame
of J/ and0
(relativ momentum maybe neglected)
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
X(3
872)
+
J/
A ~ xJ/
pJ /* p
* 0
Lint
1-p = 75%, 16%
triple scalar product
in X rest frame
(D = 0)
neglecting rel.mom.
between J/ and 0 :
all are in same CMS
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
X(3
872)
+
J/
centrifugal
barrier !
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
3 pseudoscalars require D-wave
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
I-violating
hadr.trans.:
(2S) J/
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
X(3940)
Further analysis of the processes
History: first observation of such processes by BELLE
Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 142001 (2002)
Theoretical calculation:
various speculations: glueball contribution ? etc.
For the first time seen:
X(3940) new charmonium state
Look for recoil to J/and (2S) etc.
ee J / c (1S) (Xc0,c (2S),X )
ee (2S)(cc ) res
ee J /c ~ 2fb measurement
Mrecoil (J /) (Ecm EJ /* )2 pJ /
*
double charmonium
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
Study of the decay of reconstructed (2S) J/
search for
look for recoil spectra
3 significant signals seen:
(BaBar gets consistent results)
ee (2S)(cc )res
e+e- J/X
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
Using higher statistics (287 fb)
extend analysis of recoil masses against J/ above DD threshold
find new significant peak at M ~ 3.940 GeV/c2 “X(3940)”
Fit: c, co, c(2S), X(3940) + background
MX = (3.937 ± 0.012) GeV/c2
compatible with 0 (< 95 MeV/c2) 90% CL <~ resolution (=32 MeV)
no signal of X(3872)
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
≠ X(3940)
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
Charmed baryon spectroscopy
light diquark in the environment of a heavy quark test for theoretical models
PDG 2004: 4 excited charmed baryons observed
c(2455) ground state c(2520)
Aim : find excitations of c
Analysis: uses data sample 253 fb-1 at (4S),
signal window around : ± 8 MeV/c2
xp > 0.5 for candidates
yield: (516 ± 2) x 1013 S/B = 2.3
combine with xp > 0.7 cosdec > -0.4
dec = angle between ( in rest frame of ) and boost direction of the
system in cms
c
c
c
are reconstructed via pK
m(c )
c
xp p *
pmax*
c
pmax* Ebeam
*2 M 2
c
c
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
(0) (+) (++)
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
Charmed baryon spectroscopy
c(2800)0 c(2800)+ c(2800)++ Isotriplet
Enhancement at M ~ 0.43 GeV for M( ) and M( +)
feed-down from decay c(2880)+ + observed by CLEO
next: study +: clear peaks of c(2800)+ and c(2765)+ seen
consistent with observation of CLEO
Fit: Isotriplet + feed-down + combinatorial background
(e+e- c(2800)X) x Br(c(2800) ) 2.04 (0), 2.6 (+), 2.36 (++) pb
Theoretical models
c2 doublet with Jp = 3/2- and 5/2- c2 mainly in D wave
M = 500 MeV/c2 as measured ~ 15 MeV smaller as measured
c2(JP = 3/2-) can mix with c1(JP = 3/2-) and would produce a wider physical state
c
c
c
c
c
c
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
Summary
c(2800) triplet established
X(3940) new charmonium state
tentative identification: c2, JP = 3/2-; c1, JP = 3/2- admixture
ee (2S)(cc ) res seen for the first time (now also BaBar)
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
SPARES
Continuum Suppression
e+
e-
e+
e-
Signal B
Other B
Unwanted Background for B-Decays:
Continuum
Jet-like
BB
spheric
e+e qq “continuum” (~3x BB)
To suppress: use event shape variables
continuum
Y (4S)
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
Continuum Suppression
To separate spherical BB events from jet-like continuum events, topological variables are used:
1) Second Fox-Wolfram moment2) Super Fox-Wolfram (six modified Fox-Wolfram
moments, Fisher discriminant)3) Angle between B meson and beam axis direction4) Angle between thrusts of selected B meson particles and
all other particles in event
Likelihood ratio includes all info.
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
Beauty 2005 Assisi Spectroscopy and new Particles F. Mandl
JPC possibilities for X(3872)
• J ≤ 2• DD allowed & P-violating unlikely
• signal for X γJ/ψ
C=-1 ruled out• check of angular distributions
rules out 1±-,0±+,2-- • fits of Mππ
2-+ unlikely • X(3872) = χc1‘?
unlikely, since mass and BR ratio way off theo. expect.