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9/19/2011 1 NEW PROBLEMS WITH SLEEP APNEA Robert Albers, MD New Mexico Center for Sleep Medicine 9222011 Typical Obstructive Sleep Apnea more frequent in REM sleep

NEW PROBLEMS WITH SLEEP APNEA - · PDF fileNEW PROBLEMS WITH SLEEP APNEA Robert Albers, MD New Mexico Center for Sleep Medicine 9‐22‐2011 Typical Obstructive Sleep Apnea more frequent

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Page 1: NEW PROBLEMS WITH SLEEP APNEA - · PDF fileNEW PROBLEMS WITH SLEEP APNEA Robert Albers, MD New Mexico Center for Sleep Medicine 9‐22‐2011 Typical Obstructive Sleep Apnea more frequent

9/19/2011

1

NEW PROBLEMS WITHSLEEP APNEA

Robert Albers, MD

New Mexico Center for Sleep Medicine

9‐22‐2011

Typical Obstructive Sleep     Apnea more frequent in REM sleep

Page 2: NEW PROBLEMS WITH SLEEP APNEA - · PDF fileNEW PROBLEMS WITH SLEEP APNEA Robert Albers, MD New Mexico Center for Sleep Medicine 9‐22‐2011 Typical Obstructive Sleep Apnea more frequent

9/19/2011

2

Fentanyl is 100 times more potent than morphine as an analgesic. It is a mu opioidreceptor agonist with high lipid solubility and a rapid onset and short duration of effects. Fentanyl rapidly crosses the blood‐brain barrier. It is similar to other mu� opioid receptor agonists (like morphine or oxycodone) in its pharmacological effects and produces analgesia, sedation, respiratory depression, nausea, and vomiting. Fentanyl appears to produce muscle rigidity with greater frequency than other opioids. Unlike some mu ��opioid receptor agonists, fentanyl does not cause histamine release and has minimal depressant effects on the heart.

“Very  difficult  to fall  asleep and I keep waking up through the night, never rested”

33 y.o. female, BMI 23

Fibromyalgia and Bipolar

Meds include Lyrica and Fentanyl for fibromyalgia

FENTANYL – ROOM AIR OXYGEN 

FENTANYL 50MCG          ADAPT SV

Page 3: NEW PROBLEMS WITH SLEEP APNEA - · PDF fileNEW PROBLEMS WITH SLEEP APNEA Robert Albers, MD New Mexico Center for Sleep Medicine 9‐22‐2011 Typical Obstructive Sleep Apnea more frequent

9/19/2011

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NO FENTANYL         ROOM AIR

DRUG INTERACTIONS: Oxycodone, like other narcotic pain‐relievers, increases the effect of drugs that slow brain function, such as alcohol, barbiturates, skeletal muscle relaxants, for example, carisoprodol (Soma), cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril), and benzodiazepines, for example, lorazepam (Ativan). Combined use of muscle relaxants and oxycodone may lead to increased respiratory depression. 

56 YO FEMALE  BMI  36

DIFFICULTY SLEEPING THROUGH THE NIGHT

CHRONIC SHOULDER & KNEE PAIN

OXYCODONE 240 MG TID

OXYCODONE 15 MG Q4HRS PRN

FLEXERIL 10MG Q 6HRS PRN

1 Minute

Oxycodone & Oxycontin hs

Page 4: NEW PROBLEMS WITH SLEEP APNEA - · PDF fileNEW PROBLEMS WITH SLEEP APNEA Robert Albers, MD New Mexico Center for Sleep Medicine 9‐22‐2011 Typical Obstructive Sleep Apnea more frequent

9/19/2011

4

2 minutes after biocals

1 minute

Reported Unintentional Poisoning Deaths with Mention of Opioid Analgesics 2001‐ 2006

CDC&Prevention, NCHS

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

3-D Column 1

3-D Column 2

3-D Column 3

1 minute 

70 y.o. Methadone 40mg QID

Room Air

Page 5: NEW PROBLEMS WITH SLEEP APNEA - · PDF fileNEW PROBLEMS WITH SLEEP APNEA Robert Albers, MD New Mexico Center for Sleep Medicine 9‐22‐2011 Typical Obstructive Sleep Apnea more frequent

9/19/2011

5

1 minute Oxygen 

58 YO MALE          

BMI 28 AT 230 LBS

“ I ONLY GET 3‐5 HOURS OF SLEEP AT NIGHT” ON O2 WITH SLEEP

DIABETES MELLITUS, HEART FAILURE, ‐BIVENTRICULAR PACEMAKER

DX OF OSA AT 38 YO, 330 LBS WITH  AHI 30/HR

CENTRAL SLEEP APNEAOXYGEN 

TRANSCUTANEOUS CO2

OXYGEN SATURATION

Page 6: NEW PROBLEMS WITH SLEEP APNEA - · PDF fileNEW PROBLEMS WITH SLEEP APNEA Robert Albers, MD New Mexico Center for Sleep Medicine 9‐22‐2011 Typical Obstructive Sleep Apnea more frequent

9/19/2011

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CPAP BILEVEL ADAPT SV

TRANCUTANEOUS CO2

O2 SATURATION

COMPLEX SLEEP DISORDERED BREATHING

• LESS APNEAS IN REM SLEEP

• CENTRAL APNEA MORE FREQUENT THAN OBSTRUCTIVE

• OBSTRUCTIVE PATTERN CONVERTS TO CENTRALS WITH CPAP

• HEART FAILURE

• ATRIAL FIBRILLATION

• CHRONIC PAIN ON NARCOTICS, HYPNOTIC AND MUSCLE RELAXANT