New TESTAMENT FOUNDATIONS

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FOUNDATIONS CLASS 8, Section 2 Pages 101-112

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FOUNDATIONCLASS NUMBER 8SECTION TWOTHE SYNOPTIC GOSPELS•REDACTION CRITICISM.•The Authors of the Gospels, and comparing the work between them.

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FOUNDATION CRITICISM• Is the art and science of

analyzing the text, writers and the environments that the

scriptures were constructed in for the purpose of restoring the

original meaning.

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FOUNDATIONREDACTIONCRITICISM

• Seeks to describe the theological purposes of the

evangelists (Gospel writers) by analyzing the way they use

their sources.

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FOUNDATION

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FOUNDATIONMARK 7:1-8Then the Pharisees and some of

the scribes came together to Him, having come from

Jerusalem. 2 Now when they saw some of His disciples eat

bread with defiled, that is,

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FOUNDATIONMARK 7:1-8with unwashed hands, they

found fault. 3 For the Pharisees and all the Jews do not eat

unless they wash their hands in a special way, holding the

tradition of the elders.

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FOUNDATIONMARK 7:1-84 When they come from the

marketplace, they do not eat unless they wash. And there are many other things which they have received and hold,

like the washing of cups, pitchers,

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FOUNDATIONMARK 7:1-8copper vessels, and couches.

5 Then the Pharisees and scribes asked Him, “Why do

Your disciples not walk according to the tradition of the

elders, but eat bread with

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FOUNDATIONMARK 7:1-8unwashed hands?”

6 He answered and said to them, “Well did Isaiah prophesy

of you hypocrites, as it is written:

‘This people honors Me with their lips,

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FOUNDATIONMARK 7:1-8but their heart is far from Me.7 And in vain they worship Me,

teaching as doctrines the commandments of men.

8 For laying aside the commandment of God,

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FOUNDATIONMARK 7:1-8you hold the tradition of men —

the washing of pitchers and cups, and many other such

things you do.”

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FOUNDATIONKEY POINTS:•It is possible to work so hard studying the texts that you forget the meaning and its message.

•It is possible to know a lot about the Bible and know absolutely nothing about the God of it.

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FOUNDATIONRedaction Criticism

Is there a Biblical precedent for this kind of study when examining the

Scriptures? If there is then what does the HOLY SPIRIT expect the end result to be?

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FOUNDATIONRedaction CriticismPROVERBS 1:1-7

The proverbs of Solomon the son of David, king of Israel:

2 To know wisdom and instruction,to perceive the words of

understanding,

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3 To receive the instruction of wisdom, justice, judgment, and equity; 4 To give prudence to the

simple, to the young man knowledge and discretion –

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5 A wise man will hear and increase learning, and a man of

understanding will attain wise counsel, 6 to understand a proverb and an enigma, the words of the

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wise and their riddles.7 The fear of the LORD is the

beginning of knowledge,but fools despise wisdom and

instruction.

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SEVEN SECRETS TO POWERFUL AND CORRECT BIBLE STUDY.

SPIRIT OF ANALOGY – “We must use scripture to define and

explain scripture.”

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SEVEN SECRETS TO POWERFUL AND CORRECT BIBLE STUDY.

SPIRIT OF PREPARATION – Use the Proverbs to help and heal your mind before and during your critical Bible studies.

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1- To know REAL wisdom.2-To perceive the words of

understanding. To recognize God’s Spirit speaking.

3-To receive the ability of taking God’s instruction for moral,

private and public administration of self and community.

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4-To give prudence (ability to be shrewd) to the simple (You will need this

because satan will actually try to twist the very scriptures you are reading as you read it!).

5-To give knowledge and discretion (purpose) to the young

man.6-To bring wise counsel (as you are

reading God’s WORD).

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7-To give the ability to understand an enigma or puzzle in scriptures

(to avoid confusion in your fallen mind).

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FOUNDATIONRedaction CriticismProverbs 1:7

The fear of the LORD is the beginning of knowledge,

but fools despise wisdom and instruction.

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FOUNDATIONS •REDACTION CRITICISM

1) Determines the difference between the “TRADITION” of the text and the sources he had in front of him, and the modification of the tradition as the Gospel was written.

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- There was a traditional way that Rabbi’s and teachers were recorded. Then there was the way the gospel writer actually recorded Jesus, what He did and said.

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2) The editorial activity of the gospel writer. What they have chosen to include or exclude from their writings of Jesus Christ. This is very important to study.

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-JOHN 21:25“And there are also many other things that Jesus did, which if they were written one by one, I suppose that even the world itself could not contain the books that would be written. Amen.”

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3) Study “patterns of changes” in the gospels.- and patterns themselves in the gospel. - where patterns emerge, we seem to be dealing with a theological concern of the gospel writer.

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-Matthew tracks the lineage of Jesus from Joseph, Jesus’ earthly father, while Luke tracks it from Mary, His Mother.Luke also has patterns that show the prayer times of Jesus Christ with the father and the dialogue of Jesus with women.

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4) Seeks to establish a SETTING for the construction of the gospel.-where was it written, why and by whom?

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-While Mark seems to have been written in a hurry and establishes the Messianic events, Matthew is written with Jewish concerns. Luke is a Gentile writer who seems to write for a court of law in the Roman empire.

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FOUNDATIONS •COMPARISON EXERCISE

-There are 25 PARABOLIC events and stories that Jesus did and taught in Matthew, Mark and Luke.-There are 11 major parables Jesus taught and 12 parabolic events that Jesus did or happened to Him.

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FOUNDATIONS •COMPARISON EXERCISE

-The Synoptic gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke share only 2 major parables and only 9 parabolic events between them, and were included in all of them. -10 parables do not show up in every gospel, while 2 events do not show up.

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FOUNDATIONS •THE MOTIVATION- Any higher critic of the Bible who attempts to destroy the work of Jesus Christ has a motive themselves.- They desire to be gods among men which the gospels will not let them do.

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FOUNDATIONWHAT IS A PARABOLIC EVENT??

WHAT IS A PARABLE?

PARABLE “A

short allegorical story designed to illustrate or teach some truth,

religious principle, or moral lesson.”

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FOUNDATIONWHERE DOES PARABLE COME FROM? “PARABOLA”

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FOUNDATIONWhat is a parabolic event?

Any event that surrounds an action or reaction of Jesus Christ, to give us more than a one-on-one two dimensional perspective on the

nature and character of our LORD JESUS CHRIST.

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FOUNDATIONCOMPARE BY PARABOLA

MATTHEW 8:18-27MARK 4:35-41LUKE 8:22-25

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FOUNDATIONMATTHEW 8:18-2718 And when Jesus saw great

multitudes about Him, He gave a command to depart to the other side. 19 Then a certain

scribe came and said to Him, “Teacher, I will follow You

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FOUNDATIONMATTHEW 8:18-27wherever You go.” 20 And Jesus said to him, “Foxes have holes and birds of the air have nests,

but the Son of Man has nowhere to lay His head.”

21 Then another of His disciples said to Him,

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FOUNDATIONMATTHEW 8:18-27 “Lord, let me first go and bury my father.” 22 But Jesus said to him, “Follow Me, and let the dead bury their own dead.”

23 Now when He got into a boat, His disciples followed Him.

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FOUNDATIONMATTHEW 8:18-2724 And suddenly a great tempest

arose on the sea, so that the boat was covered with the waves. But He was asleep.

25 Then His disciples came to Him and awoke Him, saying,

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FOUNDATIONMATTHEW 8:18-27“Lord, save us! We are

perishing!” 26 But He said to them, “Why are you fearful, O you of little faith?” Then He

arose and rebuked the winds and the sea, and there was a

great calm.

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FOUNDATIONMATTHEW 8:18-2727 So the men marveled, saying, “Who can this be, that even the winds and the sea obey Him?”

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FOUNDATIONMARK 4:35-4135 On the same day, when evening had come, He said to them, “Let us cross over to the other side.” 36 Now when they had left the multitude, they took Him along in the boat as He was. And other little boats were

also with Him.

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FOUNDATIONMARK 4:35-4137 And a great windstorm arose, and

the waves beat into the boat, so that it was already filling. 38 But He was in the stern, asleep on a pillow.

And they awoke Him and said to Him, “Teacher, do You not care that

we are perishing?”

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FOUNDATIONMARK 4:35-4139 Then He arose and rebuked the wind, and said to the sea, “Peace, be still!” And the wind ceased and there was a great calm. 40 But He

said to them, “Why are you so fearful? How is it that you have no

faith?” 41 And they feared exceedingly,

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FOUNDATIONMARK 4:35-41and said to one another, “Who can this be, that even the wind and the

sea obey Him!”

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FOUNDATIONLUKE 8:22-2522 Now it happened, on a certain day, that He got into a boat with

His disciples. And He said to them, “Let us cross over to the other side

of the lake.” And they launched out. 23 But as they sailed He fell

asleep.

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FOUNDATIONLUKE 8:22-25And a windstorm came down on

the lake, and they were filling with water, and were in jeopardy. 24 And they came to Him and awoke Him,

saying, “Master, Master, we are perishing!”

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FOUNDATIONLUKE 8:22-25Then He arose and rebuked the

wind and the raging of the water. And they ceased, and there was a

calm. 25 But He said to them, “Where is your faith?” And they

were afraid, and marveled, saying to one

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FOUNDATIONLUKE 8:22-25another, “Who can this be? For He

commands even the winds and water, and they obey Him!”

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FOUNDATIONPRAISE GOD! A POP QUIZ! – HALLELUJAH!• What IS a parable?•What are 3 differences you can find in the CALMING STORM parabolic event recorded in the 3 Gospels?

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FOUNDATIONS CLASS 9, Section 2 Pages 112-127

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