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A Miserable Chapter of Humane Literature:Zhou Zuoren and Yuwai Xiaoshuoji

(A Summary)

Lawrence Wang-chi Wong

Most studies of Yuwai xiaoshuoji (Collection of Stories from Abroad, 1909) concur that thisfirst collaborative translation venture of Lu Xun and Zhou Zuoren was a great success andthat the success was largely, if not entirely, due to Lu Xun’s endeavour. It has also been acommon practice to follow Lu Xun’s statements about Yuwai xiaoshuoji that the works werechosen and translated because they were nationalistic and revolutionary, which wereappealing to the Chinese who were then trying to overthrow the Manchu rule.

However, the present paper argues that this widely-accepted evaluation of the workshas been heavily influenced by politics, one which is in line with the political discourse onmodern Chinese literature formulated after the establishment of the People’s Republic ofChina. As Lu Xun has been hailed as the sage of modern China by Mao Zedong, all creditsgo to Lu who was quite infallible. But the paper, after analysing the various writings of LuXun and Zhou Zuoren, in particular those written by Zhou around the time when Yuwaixiaoshuoji was published, presents a different picture. First it was by no means anunqualified success. Rather, it was completely neglected and did not make any impact on theliterary or translation scene when it first appeared. Second, it is Zhou Zuoren who wasinstrumental in the project, not only in that most of the pieces were translated by him, butthat the selection of works and the methodology in translating also reflected his own literarythinking. More specifically, Yuwai xiaoshuoji was a first literary venture of Zhou Zuorenthat exhibits his advocacy of humane literature in the late 1910s and early 1920s.

《中國文化研究所學報》 Journal of Chinese Studies No. 46 - 2006

© 香港中文大學 The Chinese University of Hong Kong