New Use of Force Statistical Analysis 2014-2018 DRAFT 6 · 2019. 5. 21. · This review is a 5‐year examination of non‐deadly use of force incidents, deadly use of force incidents

USE OF FORCE AND VEHICLE PURSUIT

ANNUAL 5‐YEAR STATISTICAL REPORT

2014‐2018

INTERNAL OVERSIGHT AND CONSTITUTIONAL POLICING BUREAU

OFFICE OF INTERNAL OVERSIGHT

LAS VEGAS METROPOLITAN POLICE DEPARTMENT

JOSEPH LOMBARDO, SHERIFF

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................ 3 Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................................................. 4 Non‐Deadly Use of Force ........................................................................................................................................................ 6

Non‐Deadly Use of Force Overview .................................................................................................................................... 7 Body‐Worn Cameras ........................................................................................................................................................... 7 Calls for Service ................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Area of Assignment ............................................................................................................................................................. 9 Force Type Used ................................................................................................................................................................ 10 Injuries ............................................................................................................................................................................... 12 Assessment and Actions of Subjects ................................................................................................................................. 12 Non‐Deadly Police‐Related UOF Subject Demographics .................................................................................................. 13 LVMPD Officer Demographics ........................................................................................................................................... 15 Accountability ................................................................................................................................................................... 16 Use of Force Model ........................................................................................................................................................... 16

Deadly Use of Force .............................................................................................................................................................. 17 Officer‐Involved Shooting Overview ................................................................................................................................. 18 Types of Dispatched Events .............................................................................................................................................. 19 Location of OIS Incident .................................................................................................................................................... 20 Month of OIS Incident ....................................................................................................................................................... 20 Day of OIS Incident ............................................................................................................................................................ 21 Time of OIS Incident .......................................................................................................................................................... 22 Time Intervals between OIS Incidents .............................................................................................................................. 22 Time On Scene Prior to Initial Shots Fired ........................................................................................................................ 23 On‐Scene Supervision ....................................................................................................................................................... 23 Involved Officer Demographics ......................................................................................................................................... 24 Involved Officer Classification ........................................................................................................................................... 25 Involved Officer Tenure .................................................................................................................................................... 25 Involved Officer Area of Assignment ................................................................................................................................ 26 Previous Officer‐Involved Shooting .................................................................................................................................. 26 Firearms Employed by Officers ......................................................................................................................................... 27 Summary of Shots Fired by Officers .................................................................................................................................. 27 Distance of Initial Shots Fired by Officers ......................................................................................................................... 28 Officer Involvement .......................................................................................................................................................... 29 Officer Injuries ................................................................................................................................................................... 29 Less Lethal Force ............................................................................................................................................................... 29 Foot Pursuits ..................................................................................................................................................................... 30 OIS Involved Subject Demographics ................................................................................................................................. 30

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Subject Weapon ................................................................................................................................................................ 33 Mental State of Subject..................................................................................................................................................... 34 Criminal Background of Subject ........................................................................................................................................ 34 Summary of Shots Fired by Subject .................................................................................................................................. 35 Subject Injuries .................................................................................................................................................................. 35 Non‐Shooting Deadly Force Incident Overview ................................................................................................................ 35 Use Of Deadly Force on Animals ....................................................................................................................................... 36 Critical Incident Review Process ....................................................................................................................................... 37 Critical Incident Review Process Recommendations ........................................................................................................ 38

Use of Force Training and Development .............................................................................................................................. 40 Training and Development ................................................................................................................................................ 41

Vehicle Pursuits ..................................................................................................................................................................... 43 Vehicle Pursuits Overview ................................................................................................................................................. 44 Initial Reason for Pursuit ................................................................................................................................................... 44 Pursuit Initiation and Termination Points ......................................................................................................................... 45 Pursuit Distance and Duration .......................................................................................................................................... 46 Pursuit Speed .................................................................................................................................................................... 47 Pursuit Shift ....................................................................................................................................................................... 48 Pursuit Subject Demographics .......................................................................................................................................... 48 Use of the Air Unit during a Pursuit .................................................................................................................................. 49 Pursuit Discontinued by Law Enforcement ....................................................................................................................... 50 Pursuit Intervention Techniques ....................................................................................................................................... 50 Pursuit Accidents ............................................................................................................................................................... 51 Damages Resulting from a Pursuit .................................................................................................................................... 51 Injuries Resulting from a Pursuit ....................................................................................................................................... 52 Accountability ................................................................................................................................................................... 52

Appendix ............................................................................................................................................................................... 54 Non‐Deadly Use of Force Charts ....................................................................................................................................... 54 Statistical Summary for Officer‐Involved Shootings ......................................................................................................... 56 2014 Officer‐Involved Shooting Incidents ......................................................................................................................... 57 2015 Officer‐Involved Shooting Incidents ......................................................................................................................... 58 2016 Officer‐Involved Shooting Incidents ......................................................................................................................... 59 2017 Officer‐Involved Shooting Incidents ......................................................................................................................... 60 2018 Officer‐Involved Shooting Incidents ......................................................................................................................... 62 2018 Critical Incident Review Process Recommendations ............................................................................................... 64 2014‐2018 Officer‐Involved Shooting Locations ............................................................................................................... 66 2018 Vehicle Pursuit Originating Locations ...................................................................................................................... 67


INTRODUCTION

The Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department (LVMPD) is committed to being transparent and accountable in all aspects of use of force and vehicle pursuit incidents. The force investigation model used by the LVMPD is one of continuous, critical self‐analysis that results in adjustments to training, policy and education within the agency.

As part of our commitment to the community we serve, we recognize our obligation to document, analyze and publicly report data on use of force incidents and vehicle pursuits. The Internal Oversight and Constitutional Policing Bureau’s Use of Force and Vehicle Pursuit Annual 5‐Year Statistical Report reflects the Department’s continued efforts to build community trust and enhance overall police service.

The purpose of the analysis within this report is to further refine police responses in the field with the hope of preventing harm to both citizens and officers by preserving the sanctity of life. Assessing the factors surrounding a deadly force encounter is an important step toward ensuring the safest possible outcome for all involved. This report contains summary data intended to track, evaluate and support improvements in police training and practices as it relates to deadly and non‐deadly use of force and vehicle pursuits. The report identifies demographics, categorizes interactions and describes the circumstances surrounding the incidents, as well as the collective profiles of the individuals involved.

The information in this report provides tremendous value by informing the agency of emerging trends and identifying training needs. As the agency continues its emphasis on de‐escalation, the goal remains to identify areas of improvement for the individual officer’s performance and overall agency policy, practices and training.


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Use of Force and Vehicle Pursuit Annual 5‐Year Statistical Report is prepared by the bureau of Internal Oversight and Constitutional Policing. This review is a 5‐year examination of non‐deadly use of force incidents, deadly use of force incidents and vehicle pursuits for the period of 2014‐2018. The Executive Summary is intended to highlight the most significant findings, trends, patterns or issues documented in the body of the report. Where appropriate, explanations are provided regarding measures introduced by the Department to address, and in some cases, mitigate identified matters of concern.

The Department’s non‐deadly use of force incidents have decreased by 1% over the past 5 years. In 2018, there were 867 uses of non‐deadly force, which is an increase of 12% from 2017 (774 uses). In 2018, police officers accounted for 83% of the uses of force, while corrections officers accounted for 17 percent. (See Non‐Deadly Use of Force Overview, p. 7)

A significant portion (approximately 67%) of 2018 non‐deadly use of force incidents occurred in area commands. This is primarily due to the number of citizen contacts associated with the area commands in comparison to other police bureaus and the detention center (approximately 17% each). Three area commands experienced a decrease in the number of use of force incidents compared to 2017. (See Area of Assignment, p. 9)

The number of officers injured as a result of a use of force incident increased by 9% from 2017 (176) to 2018 (192). The number of officers seeking treatment at a hospital for an injury resulting from a non‐deadly use of force incident increased by 5 percent. (See Injuries, p. 12)

There were a total of 86 officer‐involved shooting (OIS) incidents during the 5‐year period. In 2018, there were 22 OISs, which was equivalent to the previous year. In 2018, 45% of OIS incidents were non‐fatal outcomes and 55% were fatal outcomes. (See Officer‐Involved Shooting Overview, p. 18)

The predominant firearm used by officers in an OIS was a handgun. Officers used a handgun in 78% of the OISs during the past 5 years. In 2018, involved officers used a handgun in 81% of the OISs. (See Firearms Employed by Officers, p. 27)

There were a total of 137 officers who fired shots in the 5‐year period. In 2018, 38 officers fired 202 rounds. Although this is the highest total number of shots fired in the 5‐year period, the average shots fired per officer remained unchanged from 2017. In 2018, the average number of shots fired per OIS was nine. (See Summary of Shots Fired by Officers, p. 27)

The predominant race of OIS subjects during the 5‐year period was white (42 percent). In 2018, 35% of subjects involved in an OIS were Hispanic and 30% were white. The subject of an OIS was black in 26% of instances. The majority of OIS subjects were between the ages of 26 to 35 years during the 5‐year period. In 2018, 39% of subjects were between the ages of 36 to 45 years and 35% were between the ages of 26 to 35 years. OIS subjects were predominantly male. Males comprised 92% of OIS subjects during the 5‐year period. (See OIS Involved Subject Demographics, p. 30)


Subjects were armed in 99% of the OISs in the 5‐year period. Subjects were armed with a firearm in 77% of the OISs for the 5‐year average. Subjects who armed themselves with a handgun decreased from 68% in 2017 to 64% in 2018. Firearm usage had increased steadily from 75% in 2014 to 90% in 2016; however, over the past two years, firearm usage has decreased from 73% in 2017 to 68% in 2018. (See Subject Weapon, p. 33)

During the 5‐year period, 38% of the involved subjects exhibited signs of a perceived mental illness, made suicidal statements or actively sought police as a means to end their life (suicide by cop). The proportion of subjects who expressed suicide and suicide by cop intentions during the 5‐year period (27%) had decreased from a high of 44% in 2014 to a low of 10% in 2016. However, that proportion increased from 10% in 2016 to 23% in both 2017 and 2018. (See Mental State of Subject, p. 34)

There were a total of 205 shots fired at officers during the current 5‐year period. The number of shots fired at officers has increased throughout the 5‐year period, ranging from 32 total shots in 2014 to 54 total shots in 2018. Twenty‐six percent of the total shots were fired at officers in 2018, the highest percentage during the 5‐year period. (See Summary of Shots Fired by Subjects, p. 35)

In 2018, LVMPD was involved in 50 vehicle pursuit incidents, which is no change from the number of pursuit incidents in 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, the number of pursuits which occurred in 2018 was 7 pursuits higher than the average. (See Vehicle Pursuits Overview, p. 44)

In 2018, 90% of pursuit incidents were initiated for felony offenses. Due to other mitigating circumstances, such as the subject presenting a clear and immediate danger to the public, officers initiated 5 pursuits for traffic or misdemeanor offenses. (See Initial Reason for Pursuit, p. 44)

Eighty percent of 2018 vehicle pursuit incidents were concluded within 5 miles or less. In 2018, 38% of vehicle pursuits spanned 1 mile or less. The duration of a pursuit in 2018 was most likely to be between 1 and 5 minutes (80 percent). (See Pursuit Distance and Duration, p. 46)

Sixty percent of 2018 vehicle pursuit incidents reached maximum speeds ranging from 60 to 99 miles per hour (mph), 24% yielded maximum speeds below 60mph and 12% of pursuits exceeded 100mph. (See Pursuit Speed, p. 47)

The LVMPD air unit responded to 22 of the 50 pursuit incidents in 2018. The air unit arrived prior to the conclusion of the pursuit and assisted during the pursuit in 15 incidents. On 7 occasions, the air unit arrived following the conclusion of the pursuit, but assisted on a subsequent foot pursuit, perimeter or accident scene. (See Use of the Air Unit during a Pursuit, p. 49)


867TOTAL USE OF FORCE INCIDENTSin 2018

722 POLICE OFFICER INCIDENTS16% increase

Uses of an Electronic Control Device 1% decrease from 2017 61% Effective 115

At times, officers are required to utilize less‐lethal force tools and tactics in an effort to gain compliance. Officers rely on policy, training and experience when determining the level of force necessary to bring the situation under control in a safe manner.

NON-DEADLY USE OF FORCE

Uses of Empty Hand Techniques 15% increase from 2017 84% Effective 742 Uses of the Lateral Vascular Neck Restraint® 32% decrease from 2017 86% Effective 21

Uses of K‐9 No change from 2017 96% Effective 27

145 CORRECTION OFFICER INCIDENTS5% decrease


NON‐DEADLY USE OF FORCE

At times, officers are required to utilize less‐lethal force tools and tactics in an effort to gain compliance and subdue a subject who is resisting officer commands. Officers rely on policy, training and experience when determining the appropriate level of force necessary to bring the situation under control in a safe and prudent manner. Throughout an interaction with a subject, officers continually reassess the subject’s actions and modify their response to ensure the safety of the community, officers and involved subject. The Non‐Deadly Use of Force section of this report identifies the types of force utilized by officers, injuries resulting from a use of force and demographics of the involved subjects and officers. Please note, in some cases, percentages may not total 100%, as they are rounded to the nearest whole percent.

NON‐DEADLY USE OF FORCE OVERVIEW

The Department’s non‐deadly use of force incidents have decreased by 1% over the past 5 years. In 2018, there were 867 uses of non‐deadly force. When compared to 2017, this is an increase of 12 percent. The average number of non‐deadly use of force incidents during the 5‐year period was 813 incidents. When compared to the 5‐year average, 2018 was 7% higher than the average. Police officers accounted for 83% of the uses of force, while corrections officers accounted for 17 percent. The ratio of non‐deadly use of force incidents per officer was 0.22 in 2018. This is a slight increase from 2017 (0.21), however, it is 0.01 lower than the 5‐year average.

Of the 867 incidents in 2018, 208 were documented as “Complaint of Injury Only,” which means there was no visible injury, but the subject claimed they were injured. Eighty‐two percent of the 208 complaint of injury incidents involved police officers, while 18% involved corrections officers. Empty hand/takedown techniques were the most common force types documented in complaint of injury incidents.

BODY‐WORN CAMERAS

It is a goal of the LVMPD to maximize trust, transparency and communication as well as develop and enhance community relationships. The employment of body‐worn cameras (BWC) affords the Department the ability to be transparent and proactively address critical incidents by presenting a firsthand account of the event. By utilizing BWC in this manner, the LVMPD continues to improve its relationship with the community.

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

PoliceOfficers

CorrectionsOfficers

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


The LVMPD began outfitting officers with BWC in 2014. As of today, 2,363 (74%) police officers wear BWC, to include all patrol officers. Some specialized units have not been issued BWC due to the nature of their position. When compared to 2017, the number of issued cameras increased by 214, which is an increase of 10 percent.

CALLS FOR SERVICE

The LVMPD is able to gauge the number of incidents that may result in an officer having to use force by monitoring the demands for police services. During 2018, citizen initiated calls for service (CFS) increased by 1 percent. As with the previous five years, CFS (citizen initiated) account for the majority of our police‐related non‐deadly use of force incidents. In 2018, 53% were related to citizen initiated calls. When compared to 2017, there was no change. However, 2018 was 1% higher than the overall citizen initiated 5‐year average. Officer initiated calls, to include Vehicle Stops and Pedestrian Stops, have increased 15% since 2017. Vehicle Stops and Pedestrian Stops continue to account for a sizable portion of police‐related non‐deadly use of force incidents. In 2018, 20% of police‐related non‐deadly use of force incidents occurred during a Pedestrian Stop while 10% occurred during a Vehicle Stop. In 2018, there were a total of 1,522,221 calls, which includes both citizen initiated calls and the following officer initiated calls: Vehicle Stops, Pedestrian Stops and Bar/Perimeter Checks. Analysis indicates officers applied force in less than 1% of the aforementioned calls. The 2018 rate of non‐deadly use of force per 10,000 CFS, where a citizen had contact with police, was .17.

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50

100

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300

350

400

Vehicle and PedestrianStops Resulting in a UOF

Citizen Initiated CFSResulting in a UOF

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


AREA OF ASSIGNMENT

LVMPD’s jurisdiction is divided into nine area commands, as well as four surrounding unincorporated, rural resident districts. A significant portion (approximately 67%) of 2018 non‐deadly use of force incidents occurred in the area commands. This is primarily due to the number of citizen contacts associated with the area commands in comparison to other police bureaus and the detention center (approximately 17% each). Three area commands experienced a decrease in the number of use of force incidents compared to 2017. These decreases ranged from 3 in Spring Valley Area Command (SVAC), to 15 in Southeast Area Command (SEAC). Six area commands incurred an increase in the number of use of force incidents compared to 2017. These increases ranged from 3 in Northwest Area Command (NWAC), to 39 in Northeast Area Command (NEAC).

Two bureaus within the Detention Services Division (DSD), Central Booking Bureau (D/CBB) and Staff/Admin Operations Bureau (D/SAOB), experienced a decrease in non‐deadly use of force incidents from 2017 to 2018. D/CBB had a decrease of 22 incidents and D/SAOB had a

0 20 40 60 80 100

Spring Valley

Southeast

South Central

Northwest

Northeast

Enterprise

Downtown

ConventionCenter

Bolden

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

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90

D/CBB NTB STB D/SAOB D/CCB D/NVC

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


decrease of 4 incidents. The North Tower Bureau (D/NTB), South Tower Bureau (D/STB) and Civil/Constable Bureau (D/CCB) each had increases in 2018 with increases of 9, 4 and 4, respectively. Thirty‐eight percent of 2018 DSD uses of force occurred in D/NTB. When compared to the percentage of incidents which occurred in D/NTB in 2017, this is an increase of 8 percent. In 2018, 28% of DSD uses of force occurred in D/CBB. When compared to the percentage of events which occurred in D/CBB in 2017, this is a decrease of 13 percent. In 2017, 41% of DSD incidents had occurred in D/CBB.

FORCE TYPE USED

When use of force is needed, officers must assess each incident to determine, based on policy, training and experience, which use of force option would best bring the incident under control in a safe and prudent manner. Officers must consider all factors before using force and choose a reasonable option based on the “totality of the circumstances” present. A 5‐year review of select force types is outlined below. A complete listing of all non‐deadly force tools is included in the Appendix. Empty Hand/Takedown Techniques Use of force reports reflected empty hand/takedown techniques were the predominant tool used to gain compliance from subjects. This is especially true as uses of other tools have declined and the Department has trained and practiced de‐escalation since 2012. When compared to all force types utilized in 2018, police officers applied empty hand/takedown techniques 63% of the time and corrections officers 69% of the time. In 2018, the use of empty hand/takedown techniques was effective, on average, 84% of the time. When compared to 2017, there was no change in the average effectiveness. However, 2018 was 1% lower than the 5‐year average effectiveness. Electronic Control Device (ECD) The ECD was utilized 115 times in 2018. This is a decrease of 1% when compared to 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, use of the ECD in 2018 was approximately 8 uses lower than the average. When compared to all force types utilized in 2018, police officers utilized the ECD 10% of the time and corrections officers 8 percent. The ECD was effective in subduing the subject 61% of the time, which is 1% higher than the 5‐year average.

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40mm

Less LethalShotgun

K‐9

LVNR®

ECD

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

*Empty Hand/Takedown Techniques are not depicted on the above graph due to the variation in uses in comparison to the other tools.


Lateral Vascular Neck Restraint® (LVNR®) In 2018, use of the LVNR® technique continued to decline. There were 21 uses of the LVNR® in 2018. This is a 32% decrease from 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, the number of uses in 2018 was approximately 20 uses lower than the average. This is likely due to an update to the LVMPD Use of Force Policy, specifically the use of the LVNR®. In September 2017, policy was updated to reflect that officers may only apply the LVNR® when a subject is displaying aggressive or aggravated aggressive levels of resistance. Previously, officers were allowed to utilize the lowest level of this technique when a subject was displaying active resistance. All levels are now considered intermediate or deadly force. In 2018, the LVNR® was deemed effective in subduing the subject in 86% of incidents. This is 15% higher than the 5‐year average (71%) effectiveness. K‐9 In some cases, it is necessary to deploy a K‐9 to safely and effectively take a subject into custody. The application of a K‐9 is reserved for subjects displaying an active, aggressive or aggravated aggressive level of resistance. In 2018, it was necessary to utilize a K‐9 in 27 instances. When compared to 2017, there was no change in the number of K‐9 incidents. However, the use of a K‐9 in 2018 was approximately 7 lower than the 5‐year average. The K‐9 was effective in 96% of uses, which is 1% lower than the 5‐year average. Less Lethal Shotgun/40mm Specialty Impact Weapon (40mm) Officers used both the less lethal shotgun and the 40mm 5 times each in 2018 to subdue subjects without resorting to deadly force options. Both tools were utilized exclusively by police officers. There were no applications of either tool by corrections officers. In 2018, the less lethal shotgun was utilized 7 fewer times than in 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, the use of the less lethal shotgun was 6 uses lower than the average. The less lethal was effective in subduing the subject 100% of the time in 2018. The subject was armed 4 of the 5 times officers utilized the less lethal shotgun. Three subjects were armed with an edged weapon and one with an impact weapon. In one event, the subject displayed an aggressive behavior and advanced towards officers. The 40mm was utilized 6 fewer times in 2018 than in 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, the 40mm was approximately 1 use lower than the average. In 2018, the 40mm was effective in subduing the subject 40% of the time. The 40mm was used by Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) officers 4 times during a SWAT operation. There was one incident where the 40mm was utilized by two separate SWAT officers on the same subject. The 40mm was utilized once by patrol officers. In this case, the subject was armed with an edged weapon. As a result of the decrease in the use of the less lethal shotgun and the 40mm, the Organizational Development Bureau began to develop quarterly training videos in 2018 based on the needs of the Department. Force Tools Deployed to Police Officers in 2018

In 2018, two tools became more readily available to police officers at the area commands. Beginning in April, the 40mm became available for use by patrol officers during patrol operations. During 2018, 1,446 police officers were trained to use this low‐level force tool. In October 2018, Devastators (high capacity OC spray) were deployed to patrol vehicles as an additional force option available to officers for use when dealing with potentially violent confrontations.


INJURIES

The number of officers injured as a result of a use of force incident increased by 9% from 2017 to 2018. When compared to the 5‐year average, officer injuries were nearly 14 injuries higher than the average. The number of officers seeking treatment at a hospital for an injury resulting from a non‐deadly use of force incident increased by 5% from 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, the number of officers seeking treatment at a hospital in 2018 was approximately 2 higher than the average.

The number of subjects claiming injury from non‐deadly use of force incidents increased by 11% from 2017 to 2018. When compared to the 5‐year average, subject injuries were 51 injuries higher than the average. The number of subjects seeking treatment at a hospital for an injury resulting from a non‐deadly use of force incident increased by 14% from 2017 to 2018. When compared to the 5‐year average, the number of subjects seeking treatment at a hospital in 2018 was 31 higher than the average. There were, however, instances where the subject requested hospital treatment and the cause was not always due to the force used. Some subjects were transported for Legal 2000’s, pre‐existing conditions and other miscellaneous medical issues, therefore, the numbers can be misleading.

ASSESSMENT AND ACTIONS OF SUBJECTS

In most instances, when officers first arrive on a call they have little time to make an assessment of the subject’s mental state. Officers consider the information gathered through the 9‐1‐1 call taker, their own personal assessment of the subject, as well as any other information available to them upon their arrival. This assessment considers mental health, drug or alcohol use or any other

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OfficersTreated ata Hospital

OfficersInjured

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

MentallyUnstable

Under theInfluence

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

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SubjectsTreated ata Hospital

SubjectsInjured

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


unknown factor. In 15% of the incidents, the officer believed the subject was under the influence of drugs or alcohol. In 12% of the incidents, officers believed the subject was experiencing a mental crisis. The three most frequently reported subject actions during a non‐deadly use of force incident in 2018 were attempt to flee, fighting and assault on an officer. Both fighting and assault on an officer place the subject in the aggressive resistance category. Attempt to flee may also warrant an intermediate level of force from the officer if the severity of the crime and subject poses an immediate threat to the safety of officers or others. During an officer’s initial observation, the immediate identification of a weapon has historically been low for non‐deadly use of force incidents. In 2018 incidents where a weapon was identified, an edged weapon was the most frequently reported weapon, followed by vehicle assault and an impact weapon.

NON‐DEADLY POLICE‐RELATED UOF SUBJECT DEMOGRAPHICS

In 2018, the subject of a police‐related non‐deadly use of force incident was black in 39% of instances. When compared to 2017, the percentage of black subjects decreased by 1 percent. When compared to the 5‐year average, there was no change. White subjects were involved in 38% of instances, which is an increase of 1% from 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, 2018 was 2% higher than the average. Black subjects and white subjects combined for more than 75% of the subjects involved in a police‐related non‐deadly use of force incident.

0%

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50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Asian Black Hispanic White Unknown


The subject of a police‐related non‐deadly use of force incident was predominantly male. Males accounted for 82% of the incidents in 2018. When compared to 2017, this is a decrease of 4 percent. The percentage of male subjects in 2018 was 4% lower than the 5‐year average. The subject was female in 18% of 2018 incidents. When compared to 2017, this is an increase of 4 percent. The percentage of female subjects in 2018 was 4% higher than the 5‐year average. In 2018, the subject of a police‐related non‐deadly use of force incident was between 26‐35 years of age in 34% of incidents and between 16‐25 years of age in 24% of incidents. These age ranges have consistently encompassed the majority of subjects over the 5‐year period.

11%

12%

54%

23%Asian

Black

White

Other

*Hispanic Origin – 33% *Persons of Hispanic Origin may be of any race. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2010 Summary File, Esri forecasts for 2018

50%50%Female

Male

LVMPD Jurisdiction ‐ Community Profile 2018 Projected Ethnicity and Gender


LVMPD OFFICER DEMOGRAPHICS

In 2018, 68% of use of force incidents involved a white police officer, which is no change when compared to 2017. The number of white police officers involved in an incident in 2018 was 6% lower than the 5‐year average. Overall, white police officers comprise of 67% of all LVMPD police officers. Hispanic police officers were involved in 17% of 2018 use of force incidents. This is an increase of 2% from 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, 2018 was 4% higher than the average. Hispanic police officers account for 17% of all LVMPD police officers. In 94% of 2018 police‐related non‐deadly use of force incidents, the involved officer was male. This is a decrease of 1% compared to 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, 2018 was 1% lower than the average. Males encompass 90% of all LVMPD police officers. Six percent of 2018 use of force incidents involved a female police officer. This is an increase of 1% from 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, 2018 was 1% greater than the average. Ten percent of LVMPD police officers are female.

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

Other

White

Hispanic

Black

Asian

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

4%7%

17%

67%

5%

Asian

Black

Hispanic

White

Other

10%

90%

Female

Male

*Other includes American Indian/Alaskan Native, Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander and two or more races.

LVMPD Police Personnel Ethnicity and Gender


ACCOUNTABILITY

The LVMPD Internal Affairs Bureau received 214 force‐related allegations in 2018. When compared to 2017, this is an increase of 7 percent. However, when compared to the 5‐year average, 2018 received 2 allegations less than the average. In 2018, 12 allegations were sustained, the investigation established that misconduct occurred. Six were related to a police officer’s use of force and 6 were related to a corrections officer’s use of force. The determination was made to monitor the officer’s performance in 9 instances. Other findings in 2018 following the investigation of a use of force allegation included: exonerated, no policy violation, unfounded and dismissed Citizen Review Board. During 2018, there were 8 instances where an officer received discipline related to a use of force, 3 police officers and 5 corrections officers. Five resulted in written reprimand, while 2 resulted in minor suspension hours (between 8 and 32 hours) and one in major suspension hours (40 or more hours).

USE OF FORCE MODEL

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120

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240

Sustained Total Allegations

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


22 TOTAL OFFICER‐INVOLVED SHOOTING INCIDENTS in 2018

The LVMPD values the sanctity of human life and therefore, when feasible, officers resort to deadly force only after tremendous restraint and consideration of all reasonable alternatives have been exhausted. Each deadly force incident results from a unique set of circumstances.

DEADLY USE OF FORCE

23 ARMED SUBJECTS in 2018 *In one OIS incident, there were 2 armed subjects.

Animal Shooting Incidents 50% increase compared to 2017 3

Subjects Armed with a Firearm No change from 2017 16

Fatal Officer‐Involved Shooting Incidents 20% increase compared to 2017 12


DEADLY USE OF FORCE

The LVMPD values the sanctity of human life and therefore, when feasible, officers resort to deadly force only after tremendous restraint and consideration of all reasonable alternatives have been exhausted. Each deadly force incident results from a unique set of circumstances. With this in mind, the Department has conducted a thorough review and analysis of each officer‐involved shooting (OIS) incident. The goal is to identify areas of improvement for the involved officers and overall agency policy, practices and training. The Deadly Use of Force section of this report identifies the types of dispatched events which resulted in an OIS, an evaluation of temporal data related to the OISs, officer and subject demographics, non‐shooting deadly force incidents and the use of deadly force on animals. Please note, in some cases, percentages may not total 100%, as they are rounded to the nearest whole percent.

OFFICER‐INVOLVED SHOOTING OVERVIEW

There were a total of 86 OIS incidents during the 5‐year period. The number of OIS incidents increased 38% from 2014 to 2018. In 2018, there were 22 OIS incidents, which was no change from the number of incidents in 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average of 17 incidents, the number of OISs in 2018 was 5 higher than the average. During the 5‐year period, OISs ranged from a low of 10 in 2016 to a high of 22 in both 2017 and 2018. In 2018, 55% of OISs had fatal outcomes. When compared to 2017, this is an increase of 10 percent. Fatal outcomes increased from 45% in 2017 to 55% in 2018. The number of OISs with fatal outcomes in 2018 was 4% higher than the 5‐year average. During the 5‐year period, the highest rate of fatal outcomes occurred in 2015 when 69% of OISs resulted in fatal outcomes. Forty‐five percent of 2018 OIS incidents had non‐fatal outcomes. When compared to 2017, this is a decrease of 10 percent. Non‐fatal outcomes decreased from 55% in 2017 to 45% in 2018. The number of OISs with non‐fatal outcomes in 2018 was 4% lower than the 5‐year average. The highest rate of non‐fatal outcomes during the 5‐year period occurred in 2016. In 2016, 70% of OISs had non‐fatal outcomes.

02468

10121416182022

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Non‐Fatal OIS Fatal OIS


TYPES OF DISPATCHED EVENTS

The call types assigned to events identify the types of situations police officers may encounter when responding to CFS. These call types can be categorized into two types: citizen initiated CFS and officer initiated/proactive CFS. Citizen initiated CFS can be further separated into street level violent calls and non‐violent calls. The number of OISs that began as citizen initiated CFS increased 14% from 2014 to 2018, while the number of OISs that began as officer initiated/proactive calls increased 200 percent. In 2018, 73% of OISs began as citizen initiated CFS. When compared to 2017, this is a decrease of 18 percent. The rate of OISs which began as citizen initiated CFS in 2018 was 13% lower than the 5‐year average. In 2018, 45% of OISs were related to a violent citizen initiated CFS. When compared to 2017, this is an increase of 5 percent. The rate of OISs related to a violent citizen initiated CFS in 2018 was 3% higher than the 5‐year average. In 2018, Assault/Battery with a Gun and Assault/Battery with Other Deadly Weapon calls encompassed 50% of the violent citizen initiated CFS which resulted in an OIS. In 2017, the most prevalent violent call was Attempt Robbery. During the 5‐year period, Assault/Battery with a Gun (22%), followed by Robbery (19%) resulted in the most OIS incidents stemming from a violent citizen initiated CFS.

02468

10121416182022

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Citizen Initiated CFS Officer Initiated CFS


LOCATION OF OIS INCIDENT

LVMPD’s jurisdiction is divided into area commands and resident areas. Nine area commands cover the Las Vegas valley, surrounded by four unincorporated, rural resident districts. Since 2014, EAC and NEAC encompassed the highest percentages of OISs with 19% each. In 2018, the largest percentage of OISs occurred in DTAC (23%), followed by EAC (18 percent). The number of OISs that occurred in DTAC increased from 1 in 2017 to 5 in 2018, the largest overall increase. EAC remained unchanged from 2017 with 4 OISs in both 2017 and 2018. BAC had the largest decrease in OIS incidents from 2017 to 2018, with a decrease of 4 OISs. When compared to the 5‐year average, DTAC was 13% higher than the average, while EAC was 1% lower. During the 5‐year period, only 1% of OISs occurred in CCAC, the home of the “Las Vegas Strip.” During the 5‐year period, CCAC had a total of 1 OIS incident, which occurred in 2016. There were no OIS incidents in CCAC in 2018. Interstate Highway 15 geographically divides the Las Vegas Valley into east and west areas. Area command boundaries also follow this alignment where the east comprises CCAC, DTAC, NEAC, SCAC and SEAC. The west comprises BAC, EAC, NWAC and SVAC. In the 5‐year period, 50% of OISs have occurred in the east and 50% of OISs have occurred in the west. In 2018, both the east and the west area commands had 11 OIS incidents. During the 5‐year period, there were 2 OISs in 2014 and 1 OIS in 2017 within LVMPD’s resident areas. No OISs occurred in a resident area in 2018. In 2017, an OIS occurred outside of LVMPD’s jurisdiction. In this incident, officers were in a vehicle pursuit with an armed violent subject and drove into the city of North Las Vegas, where the OIS occurred. There were no OIS incidents outside of LVMPD’s jurisdiction in 2018.

MONTH OF OIS INCIDENT

14%

23%

18%14%

5%

5%

9%

14%

Bolden

Convention Center

Downtown

Enterprise

Northeast

Northwest

South Central

Southeast

Spring Valley

Resident Area

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

2018 OISs


In 2018, August overwhelmingly had the highest number of OIS incidents and comprised 36% of all 2018 OISs. The next highest month, June, had 5 fewer OISs than the month of August. August also had the highest number of occurrences (17%) during the 5‐year period, followed by December with 12 percent. In 2017, July was the highest month for OISs, with 18% of incidents. In 2018, July only comprised 5% of OISs. In 2018, the majority of incidents occurred during the third quarter, July through September, encompassing 45% of OISs. Fourth quarter had the fewest incidents with 3 OISs during the months of October through December. The greatest number of OISs also occurred during the third quarter for the 5‐year period, encompassing 33% of all OISs. In 2017, the third quarter also comprised the majority of OISs with 36% of incidents, followed closely by second quarter, April through June, with 27% of OIS incidents.

DAY OF OIS INCIDENT

Over half of 2018 OIS incidents (55%) occurred on Friday and Saturday, with 32% of the incidents occurring on a Friday and 23% on a Saturday. Tuesday and Wednesday had the fewest number of OISs, with 1 OIS incident occurring each those days. For the 5‐year period, Friday had the most OIS incidents, followed by Saturday, Monday and Tuesday. When compared to the 5‐year average, the number of OISs on a Friday in 2018 was 12% higher than the average (20 percent). In 2017, only 5% of OISs occurred on a Friday. The number of OISs on a Tuesday in 2018 was 10% lower than the 5‐year average (15 percent). Only 5% of OISs were on a Tuesday in 2018, compared to 18% in 2017.

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


TIME OF OIS INCIDENT

The most common times of day for an OIS to occur in 2018 were between 04:00‐07:59 and 12:00‐15:59, with 27% of incidents each, followed by 00:00‐03:59 and 20:00‐23:59, with 18% of incidents each. In 2018, there were no OIS incidents between the hours of 16:00‐19:59. In 2017, the most common time of day for an OIS was between the hours of 00:00‐03:59, with 23% of incidents. During the 5‐year period, 23% of incidents occurred between 20:00‐23:59 and 22% occurred between 12:00‐15:59. The most common days of the week and times of day for an OIS to occur during the 5‐year period were Monday between 12:00‐15:59 and Friday between 20:00‐23:59.

TIME INTERVALS BETWEEN OIS INCIDENTS

In 2018, the majority of OIS incidents occurred within 0‐15 days of one another (64%), followed by 16‐30 days and 31‐45 days (14% each). Nine percent of OISs had greater than 45 days between incidents. For the 5‐year period, 52% of incidents occurred within 0‐15 days, while 22% occurred within 16‐30 days of one another. The longest amount of time between OIS incidents in 2018 was 51 days, while the shortest was just under 21 hours. In comparison, the Department’s longest interval of time in the 5‐year period in which no OIS occurred was in 2016, 159 days, and the shortest interval was in 2015, a 7‐hour period.

18%

27%

9%

27%

0%

18%00:00‐03:59

04:00‐07:59

08:00‐11:59

12:00‐15:59

16:00‐19:59

20:00‐23:59

64%14%

14%

9%

0‐15 days

16‐30 days

31‐45 days

>45 days

2018 OISs

2018 OISs


TIME ON SCENE PRIOR TO INITIAL SHOTS FIRED

Efforts to de‐escalate the situation and slow the momentum attribute to longer times on scene prior to an OIS. In 2018, 73% of OISs occurred after officers had been on scene longer than 6 minutes. This is a decrease of 13% compared to the percentage of incidents in 2017 where the officer had been on scene longer than 6 minutes (86 percent). The rate of OISs which occurred after an officer had been on scene longer than 6 minutes in 2018 was 4% lower than the 5‐year average. In 2018, 63% of incidents which spanned longer than 6 minutes had fatal outcomes, while 33% of incidents which spanned less than 6 minutes had fatal outcomes. The average fatality rate for the 5‐year period where officers were on scene longer than 6 minutes was 56% and the average where officers were on scene less than 6 minutes was 35 percent.

ON‐SCENE SUPERVISION

The prospect of a favorable outcome is often enhanced when supervisors become involved in the management of an overall response to potentially violent encounters by coordinating resources and officers’ tactical actions. LVMPD policy states, as a good practice supervisors will acknowledge and respond to incidents in a timely manner where law enforcement use of force is probable. Police supervisors were on scene in 43% of the OISs during the 5‐year period. In 2018, one or more supervisors were on scene in 50% of the OISs. This is a 23% increase in the percentage of OIS incidents with a supervisor on scene compared to 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, the rate of a supervisor being on scene at the time of the OIS in 2018 was 7% higher than the average. In several instances, the OIS incident occurred within minutes of the officer’s arrival. This short time frame may have prevented the notification or arrival of a supervisor from being on scene prior to shots fired. In several other instances, the call type the officer was dispatched did not require the presence of a supervisor. Only upon arriving at the call can the officer assess the situation and make the appropriate requests for a supervisor.

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

% FatalLess than 6 min on Scene

% FatalMore than 6 min on Scene

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


INVOLVED OFFICER DEMOGRAPHICS

In 2018, there were 22 OISs which involved 38 shooting officers. Sixty‐eight percent of OISs involved a white police officer, which is a decrease of 3% when compared to the percentage of involved white officers in 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, the rate of the involved officer being white in 2018 was 5% lower than the average (73 percent). Overall, white police officers comprise 67% of all LVMPD police officers. Hispanic police officers were involved in 13% of 2018 OISs. This is a decrease of 1% when compared to the percentage of involved Hispanic officers in 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, the rate of the involved officer being Hispanic in 2018 was 2% higher than the average (11 percent). Hispanic police officers account for 17% of all LVMPD police officers. Black police officers were involved in 11% of 2018 OISs. This is an increase of 4% when compared to the percentage of involved black officers in 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, the rate of the involved officer being black in 2018 was 2% higher than the average (9 percent). Black police officers account for 7% of all LVMPD police officers. In 95% of 2018 OISs, the involved officer was male. This is a decrease of 5% compared to the percentage of involved male officers in 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, the rate of the involved officer being male in 2018 was 1% lower than the average (96 percent). Males encompass 90% of all LVMPD police officers. Five percent of 2018 OISs involved a female police officer. This is an increase of 5% when compared to the percentage of involved female officers in 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, the rate of the involved officer being female in 2018 was 1% higher than the average (4 percent). Ten percent of LVMPD police officers are female. The average age of officers involved in an OIS in 2018 was 37 years, which is 2 years higher than the average age in 2017 (35 years). The ages of the involved officers were divided into age groupings. In 2018, 34% of officers were in their thirties, followed by 29% in their forties, 26% in their twenties and 11% in their fifties. When compared to 2017, the percentage of involved officers being in their thirties decreased 12%, while the percentage of involved officers in their forties increased 11 percent.

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Asian Black Hispanic White Other


INVOLVED OFFICER CLASSIFICATION

Commission begins upon graduation from the police academy as a PO‐I officer with LVMPD. In 2018, 24% of involved officers were PO‐I’s. This is an increase of 10% compared to the percentage of PO‐I’s involved in an OIS in 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, the percentage of PO‐I’s involved in an OIS in 2018 was 9% higher than the average. A PO‐I is reclassified to a PO‐II after a year of continuous employment and satisfactory completion of probation as a PO‐I. In 2018, 68% of involved officers were classified as a PO‐II. When compared to the percentage of PO‐II’s involved in an OIS in 2017, this is a decrease of 14 percent. In the 5‐year period, the majority of officers who were involved in OISs were classified as a PO‐II (78%) at the time of the shooting. In 2018, 8% of involved officers were classified as a sergeant. When compared to the percentage of sergeants involved in 2017, this is an increase of 4 percent. When compared to the 5‐year average, the percentage of sergeants involved in an OIS in 2018 was 1% higher than the average.

INVOLVED OFFICER TENURE

The average tenure of officers involved an OIS during the 5‐year period has remained consistently between 8 years and 10 years. The average tenure increased from 8 years in 2017 to 9 years in 2018. The tenure of 2018 involved officers ranged from a low of 1 year to a high of 28 years with LVMPD.

4%7%

17%

67%

5%

Asian

Black

Hispanic

White

Other

10%

90%

Female

Male

*Other includes American Indian/Alaskan Native, Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander and two or more races.

LVMPD Police Personnel Ethnicity and Gender

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Sergeant

PO‐II

PO‐I

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


INVOLVED OFFICER AREA OF ASSIGNMENT

In 2018, 82% of involved officers were assigned to an area command. This is 3% higher than the percentage of involved officers assigned to an area command in 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, the rate of the involved officer being assigned to an area command in 2018 was 5% higher than the average. In 2018, 18% of involved officers were assigned to a bureau or specialized unit. When compared to the percentage of officers assigned to a bureau or specialized unit in 2017, this is a decrease of 3%, and is 5% lower than the 5‐year period. Officers from the SWAT, Traffic and Major Violator Narcotics bureaus were involved in 2018 OISs. There were no Traffic officers involved in an OIS in 2017, however, 3 were involved in an OIS in 2018.

PREVIOUS OFFICER‐INVOLVED SHOOTING

Approximately 21% of the officers who discharged their weapon during the 5‐year period had a previous OIS over the course of their career with the Department. In 2018, 16% of officers had a previous OIS. This is a decrease of 5% compared to the percentage of officers in 2017 who had a previous OIS. When compared to the 5‐year average, the rate of the involved officer having a previous OIS in 2018 was 5% lower than the average. Over the 5‐year period, officers involved in an OIS for the first time was the highest in 2018 (84%) and was the lowest in 2016 (65 percent).

82%

18%AreaCommand

Bureau/SpecializedUnit

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Previous OIS No Previous OISs

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


FIREARMS EMPLOYED BY OFFICERS

The predominant firearm used by officers in an OIS was a handgun. Seventy‐eight percent of involved officers used a handgun during the 5‐year period. In 2018, 81% of involved officers used a handgun during their OIS. This is a 2% decrease compared to the percentage of officers who utilized a handgun during an OIS in 2017. Department policy dictates that officers may deploy their rifle based on distance, available cover and the tactical situation presented. In 2018, 11% of involved officers used a rifle. This is an increase of 1% from the percentage of officers who utilized a rifle in 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, an officer’s utilization of a rifle in 2018 was 6% lower than the average. In 2018, the involved officer utilized a rifle in 4 OISs. In 2 of those OISs, the subjects were assaultive and in the other 2, the subjects had threatened officers. In the assaultive incidents, one subject attempted to run over officers with a vehicle and had a rifle in hand, while in the other incident, the subject fired shots at officers. In both incidents where the subjects threatened officers, the subjects aimed a firearm at officers. In 2018, 8% of officers used a shotgun during an OIS incident. This is a 1% increase from the percentage of officers who utilized a shotgun in 2017, and is 3% higher than the overall 5‐year average.

SUMMARY OF SHOTS FIRED BY OFFICERS

There were a total of 137 officers who fired shots in the 5‐year period. In 2018, 38 officers fired 202 rounds. Although this is the highest total number of shots fired in the 5‐year period, the average shots fired per officer remained unchanged from 2017. The highest average number of shots occurred in 2016, with an average of 7 shots per officer. For the remainder of the 5‐year period, the average number of shots per officer was five. In 2018, the average number of shots fired per OIS was nine. The average number of shots fired per OIS during the 5‐year period was eight. In 2018, the number of shots fired by individual officers ranged from 1 to 31 shots. In the OIS incident in which the involved officer fired 31 shots, the officer was engaged in a vehicle pursuit with two subjects who were connected to a homicide investigation. The subjects were actively shooting at officers while fleeing in a vehicle and endangering the community. During the 5‐year period, there was one other incident where the involved officer fired 31 shots, which occurred in 2015. In that incident, officers were investigating a Battery call for service at an apartment complex when the subject, unrelated to the incident officers were investigating, exited his apartment exhibiting concerning behaviors and ignoring officer commands. The subject eventually returned to his apartment before exiting the residence again. When officers issued

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Handgun Rifle Shotgun


verbal commands for the subject to return to his apartment, the subject turned like he was going to enter, but instead removed a gun from his waistband and fired at officers. Thirty‐one shots is the highest total number of shots fired during the 5‐year period. In 2018, 87% of involved officers fired between 1 to 9 rounds. This is an increase of 8% from 2017 where 79% of officers fired between 1 to 9 rounds. When compared to the 5‐year average, the number of officers who fired between 1 to 9 rounds in 2018 was 2% higher than the average. In 2018, 13% of involved officers fired 10 or more rounds. This is a decrease of 8% from 2017 where 21% of officers fired 10 or more rounds. When compared to the 5‐year average, the number of officers who fired 10 or more rounds in 2018 was 2% lower than the average.

DISTANCE OF INITIAL SHOTS FIRED BY OFFICERS

In 2018, when an officer fired a handgun during an OIS, initial shots were most commonly fired at distances between 0 to 25 feet (67%), followed by distances of 26 to 50 feet (17 percent). Over the 5‐year period, when a handgun was utilized during an OIS, it was most commonly fired at distances between 0 to 25 feet (64%), followed by 26 to 50 feet (23 percent). The average distance of initial shots fired from a handgun in 2018 was 29 feet. The furthest distance of initial shots fired from a handgun in 2018 was 159 feet, while the shortest distance was 1 foot.

In 2018, when a long gun, such as a rifle or shotgun, was utilized during an OIS, initial shots were most likely to be at distances between 51 to 75 feet or 76 to 100 feet (29% each). Over the 5‐year period, when a long gun was used during an OIS, it was most commonly fired at distances greater than 100 feet (57%); however, a long gun was only utilized once at these distances in 2018. The largest average distance of initial shots fired by involved officers with a long gun occurred in 2015 (183 feet). The average distance of initial shots fired from a long gun increased from 40 feet in 2017 to 72 feet in 2018. The furthest distance of initial shots fired from a long gun in 2018 was 176 feet. In one incident, a long gun was fired from a distance less than 10 feet by a SWAT officer when the subject, who had previously been shooting at officers, raised a handgun toward SWAT officers who were attempting to take the subject into custody.

67%

17%

10%

3%

3%0 to 25 ft.

26 to 50 ft.

51 to 75 ft.

76 to 100 ft.

> 100 ft.

Unknown

14%

14%

29%

29%

14%0 to 25 ft.

26 to 50 ft.

51 to 75 ft.

76 to 100 ft.

> 100 ft.

2018 OISs

2018 OISs


OFFICER INVOLVEMENT

In 2018, 55% of OISs involved one officer. This is a decrease of 27% compared to 2017 where 82% of OISs involved one officer. When compared to the 5‐year average, the rate of 2018 OISs which involved one officer was 9% lower than the average. OIS incidents where multiple (2 or more) officers were involved increased from 18% in 2017 to 45% in 2018. When compared to the 5‐year average, the rate of OISs which involved multiple officers in 2018 was 9% higher than the average. Ninety‐one percent of 2018 OISs involved 2 or fewer officers. One incident involved 3 officers and 1 incident involved 7 officers, the highest number of involved officers over the 5‐year period. In 2018 OIS incidents involving multiple officers, 8 of the 10 incidents involved patrol officers, while 1 involved SWAT and 1 involved Traffic officers. The frequency of OISs which involved multiple officers was the lowest (18%) in 2017, compared to the highest (56%) in 2015. In 2018, the rate of OISs that involved multiple officers was 45 percent.

OFFICER INJURIES

During the 5‐year period, 8 officers sustained an injury related to an OIS incident, however, in 2018, there were no officers injured nor ambushed. In 2014, 2 officers were ambushed, unable to return fire and were killed. In 2015, there were 4 incidents where officers were ambushed. Three resulted in injury. In 2017, there was 1 ambush incident that resulted in no injuries to officers.

LESS LETHAL FORCE

The Department's guidelines for deploying less lethal tools are based on the level of threat the subject poses to the public and officers. In 2018, less lethal tools were utilized by either the involved officer or a witness officer in 23% of OIS incidents. This is an increase of 5% when compared to 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, the rate of incidents in which less lethal tools were used by either the involved officer or a witness officer in 2018 was 6% higher than the average.

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

1 officer 2 officers 3 officers 4 officers 7 officers

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


During the 5‐year period, in relation to all less lethal tools utilized by either the involved officer or a witness officer, the ECD was the most commonly used tool (53%), followed by the less lethal shotgun (29 percent). In 2018, an ECD was utilized in all OIS incidents involving a less lethal tool. In 2 OIS incidents, other less lethal tools were used in collaboration with the ECD (K9 and less lethal shotgun).

FOOT PURSUITS

In 2018, a foot pursuit preceded an OIS in 18% of incidents. When compared to 2017, there was no change. A foot pursuit preceded 19% of OISs during the past 5 years. The smallest proportion occurred in 2016 (10%) and the largest proportion in 2014 (25 percent). There were 3 OISs with fatal outcomes in 2015 where a foot pursuit preceded the OIS, the most in the 5‐year period. There were no fatal outcomes where a foot pursuit preceded an OIS in 2016, 2017 or 2018.

OIS INVOLVED SUBJECT DEMOGRAPHICS

In 2018, 35% of subjects involved in an OIS were Hispanic and 30% were white. Hispanic and white subjects combined for 65% of all subjects involved in an OIS. When compared to the ratio of involved Hispanic and white subjects in 2017, Hispanic subjects increased 12% and white subjects decreased 11 percent. When compared to the 5‐year average, in 2018, Hispanic subjects were 11% higher than the average, while white subjects were 12% lower than the average. In 2018, the subject of an OIS was black in 26% of instances. When compared to the percentage of involved black subjects in 2017, this is a decrease of 10 percent. The percentage of involved black subjects in 2018 was 4% lower than the 5‐year average.

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018



The subjects involved in an OIS were predominantly male. Males accounted for 96% of the subjects involved in OISs in 2018. When compared to the percentage of involved male subjects in 2017, this is an increase of 1 percent. The rate of male subjects involved in an OIS in 2018 was 4% higher than the 5‐year average. Females encompassed 4% of the subjects involved in 2018 OIS incidents, which was a decrease of 1% compared to the percentage of involved females in 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, the rate of the OIS subject being female in 2018 was 4% lower than the average. In 2018, the subjects involved in an OIS were between the ages of 36 to 45 years 39% of the time and between 26 to 35 years 35% of the time. When compared to 2017, subjects between 36 to 45 years of age increased 25% and subjects between 26 to 35 years of age decreased 6 percent. When compared to the 5‐year average, the percentage of subjects between 36 to 45 years of age in 2018 was 16% higher than the average and the rate of subjects between 26 to 35 years of age was 1% higher than the average.

OIS Involved Subject Demographics ‐ Fatal Outcomes

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


11%

12%

54%

23%Asian

Black

White

Other

LVMPD Jurisdiction ‐ Community Profile 2018 Projected Ethnicity and Gender

50%50%Female

Male

*Hispanic Origin – 33% *Persons of Hispanic Origin may be of any race. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2010 Summary File, Esri forecasts for 2018


In 2018 OISs where the subject’s outcome was fatal, 50% of the fatal subjects were black and 25% of the fatal subjects were Hispanic. When compared to 2017, the percentage of black subjects with a fatal outcome increased 20%, while the percentage of Hispanic subjects with a fatal outcome decreased 5 percent. In 2017, the majority of subjects with fatal outcomes were white, encompassing 40% of 2017 fatal OIS subjects. The percentage of white subjects involved in an OIS with a fatal outcome in 2018 decreased by 23 percent. In 2018, black subjects were 18% higher and Hispanic subjects were 5% higher than the 5‐year average. The percentage of white subjects involved in OISs with fatal outcomes in 2018 was 26% lower than the 5‐year average. In 2018 OISs where the subject’s outcome was fatal, all subjects were male. When compared to 2017, there was no change. However, when compared to the 5‐year average, the rate of a fatal OIS subject being male in 2018 was 7% higher than the average. There were no female subjects with fatal outcomes in 2018. When compared to 2017, there was no change. When compared to the 5‐year average, the rate of a fatal OIS subject being female in 2018 was 7% lower than the average. In 2018 OISs where the subject’s outcome was fatal, the subject was between the ages of 16 to 25 years 42% of the time and between 36 to 45 years 33% of the time. When compared to 2017, subjects between 16 to 25 years of age increased 32% and subjects between 36 to 45 years increased 23 percent. In 2017, 50% of subjects with a fatal outcome were between 26 to 35 years of age. When compared to the 5‐year average, the rate of a fatal OIS subject being between 16 to 25 years of age in 2018 was 22% higher than the average and subjects between 36 to 45 years of age was 13% higher than the average. OIS Involved Subject Demographics ‐ Non‐Fatal Outcomes

In 2018 OISs where the subject’s outcome was non‐fatal, the subject was Hispanic 45% of the time and white 45% of the time. When compared to 2017, the percentage of both Hispanic subjects and white subjects with non‐fatal outcomes increased. Hispanic subjects increased 28%, while white subjects increased 3 percent. In 2017 OISs, black subjects and white subjects comprised the majority of subjects with non‐fatal outcomes, with 42% each. In 2018 OISs, there were no black subjects with non‐fatal outcomes. When compared to the 5‐year average, in 2018, the rate of Hispanic subjects with

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018



non‐fatal outcomes was 18% higher than the average, while the rate of white subjects with non‐fatal outcomes was 6% higher than the average. The rate of black subjects with non‐fatal outcomes in 2018 was 30% lower than the 5‐year average. In 2018 OISs where the subject’s outcome was non‐fatal, 91% of subjects were male. When compared to 2017, this is a decrease of 1 percent. There was no change when compared to the 5‐year average. In 2018, 9% of subjects with non‐fatal outcomes were female. When compared to 2017, this is an increase of 1 percent. When compared to the 5‐year average, there was no change in the rate of a non‐fatal OIS subjects being female. In 2018 OISs where the subject’s outcome was non‐fatal, the subject was between the ages of 26 to 35 years 55% of the time and between 36 to 45 years 45% of the time. When compared to 2017, subjects with non‐fatal outcomes between 26 to 35 years of age increased 22% and subjects between 36 to 45 years increased 28 percent. Subjects with non‐fatal outcomes between the ages of 46 to 55 years had the largest decrease from 2017 to 2018, with a decrease of 25 percent. When compared to the 5‐year average, the percentage of subjects between 26 to 35 years of age with non‐fatal outcomes in 2018 was 19% higher than the average and subjects between 36 to 45 years of age was 20% higher than the average.

SUBJECT WEAPON

Subjects were armed in 99% of the OISs in the 5‐year period. There was 1 OIS in 2015 where the subject was unarmed. Since 2016, all subjects have been armed. Over the 5‐year period, subjects were armed with a firearm in 77% of the OIS incidents. Firearm usage had increased steadily from 75% in 2014 to 90% in 2016; however, over the past two years, firearm usage has decreased from 73% in 2017 to 68% in 2018. The rate of subjects who armed themselves with a handgun decreased from 68% in 2017 to 64% in 2018. Armed subjects only used long guns in 5% of the OISs in 2018. In 2018, the subject was armed with a knife or sharp object in 27% of OIS incidents, which is the highest rate in the 5‐year period. The percentage of incidents where the subject was armed with a knife or sharp object increased 9% in 2018 when compared to 2017 (18 percent). On average, over the 5‐year period, the subject was armed with a knife or sharp object in 17% of incidents. Between 2014 and 2016, there were no OISs where the subject was armed with a blunt object; however, there were 2 such incidents in 2017 and 1 in 2018. On average, over the 5‐year period, the subject was armed with a blunt object in 3% of OIS incidents.

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Blunt Object Knife/Sharp ObjectFirearm VehicleUnarmed


For the 5‐year average of incidents where the subjects were armed, 49% had non‐fatal outcomes and 51% had fatal outcomes. A similar trend can be seen in 2018, where 45% of armed subjects had non‐fatal outcomes and 55% of armed subjects had fatal outcomes. In 2018, the rate where the subject was armed with a firearm and the OIS incident had a fatal outcome was 47 percent. This was an increase of 9% from 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, the rate where the subject was armed with a firearm and the OIS had a fatal outcome in 2018 was 1% lower than the average. In 2018, the rate where a subject was armed with a knife or sharp object and the OIS incident had a fatal outcome was 83 percent. This was a 17% decrease compared to 2017, in which all incidents had a fatal outcome. The rate where a subject was armed with a knife or sharp object and the OIS incident had a fatal outcome in 2018 was 10% higher than the 5‐year average.

MENTAL STATE OF SUBJECT

A certain amount of subjectivity is required in order to classify the mental state of OIS subjects at the time of the deadly force encounter with police. Determinations regarding mental state are largely based on the initial information gathered through the 9‐1‐1 call taker and the observations of on‐scene officers. During the 5‐year period, 38% of the involved subjects had exhibited signs of a perceived mental illness, made suicidal statements or actively sought police as a means to end their life (suicide by cop). The proportion of subjects who expressed suicide and suicide by cop intentions during the 5‐year period (27%) had decreased from a high of 44% in 2014 to a low of 10% in 2016. However, that proportion increased from 10% in 2016 to 23% in both 2017 and 2018. There was 1 suicide by cop incident in 2018. In this OIS incident, the armed subject had made suicide by cop statements after killing his wife. Officers attempted to de‐escalate the situation and gave multiple verbal commands for the subject to put down the gun; however, the subject raised his handgun and pointed it at officers.

CRIMINAL BACKGROUND OF SUBJECT

During the 5‐year period, the majority (88%) of subjects associated with an OIS had a previous criminal history ranging from misdemeanor to felony arrests or prior police contact (i.e., traffic citations). Similar to the 5‐year average, 86% of 2018 OIS subjects had prior contact with police. During the current 5‐year period, 57% of those subjects with a criminal history or prior police contact had a violent criminal history. In 2018, 75% of those subjects with a criminal history or prior police contact had a violent criminal history.

65%

22%

13%Violent CriminalHistory

Non‐Violent/Traffic History

No CriminalHistory

2018 OISs


SUMMARY OF SHOTS FIRED BY SUBJECT

Over the 5‐year period, on average, 33% of OIS incidents involved subjects who shot at officers. In 2018, subjects shot at officers in 36% of OIS incidents. This is an increase of 9% from 2017 where subjects shot at officers in 27% of OIS incidents. The largest rate of incidents involving subjects who shot at officers during the 5‐year period occurred in 2014. In 2014, subjects shot at officers in 38% of OIS incidents. There were a total of 205 shots fired at officers during the current 5‐year period. The number of shots fired at officers has increased throughout the 5‐year period, ranging from 32 total shots in 2014 to 54 total shots in 2018. Twenty‐six percent of the total shots were fired at officers in 2018, the highest percentage during the 5‐year period.

SUBJECT INJURIES

During the 5‐year period, 50% of subjects involved in an OIS were fatally wounded, while 32% were shot and wounded. Eleven percent of subjects were uninjured as a result of the OIS. In 2018, 52% of subjects were fatally wounded during an OIS incident and 30% were shot and wounded. Nine percent of subjects (2) took their own life during the OIS. One subject was uninjured while another sustained an ankle injury.

NON‐SHOOTING DEADLY FORCE INCIDENT OVERVIEW

LVMPD policy categorizes certain uses of force as deadly force. Ten deadly force incidents other than OISs occurred during the 5‐year period. Police vehicles were used as weapons in 5 incidents, either to strike an armed subject or to ram a fleeing vehicle. In 3 incidents, the less lethal shotgun was used on a subject who was less than 5 yards away, thus classifying it as deadly force. In 1 incident, the involved officer used a baton on the subject who sustained a dislocated shoulder. In 2018, there was 1 incident in which the less lethal shotgun was used within 5 yards of the subject. In this incident, the subject was armed with a knife, had stabbed multiple citizens and was approaching other citizens who were waiting at a bus stop. In addition to the less lethal shotgun, officers utilized the ECD in an effort to gain control of the subject, however, it was ineffective. The subject ignored multiple commands by the officers to drop the knife and the incident ultimately resulted in an OIS with a non‐fatal outcome.

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Percent of OISs Subject Fired Shots

0 1 2 3 4 5

Other

Patrol Car

Less LethalShotgun

Baton


During the 5‐year period, 9 of the 10 non‐shooting deadly force incidents had non‐fatal outcomes. There was 1 fatal outcome which occurred in 2017. The involved officer deployed his ECD after a foot pursuit with the subject. After deeming the ECD to be ineffective, the involved officer proceeded to apply an unapproved neck restraint maneuver on the subject in an attempt to gain compliance.

USE OF DEADLY FORCE ON ANIMALS

From 2014 to 2018, deadly force was used on 18 animals. The number of deadly force incidents involving an animal ranged from a high of 9 incidents in 2015 to no incidents in 2016. In 2018, there were 3 animal shoots. During the 5‐year period, all of the involved animals were dogs. The involved officers used a firearm in all but 1 of the 18 incidents. In this incident, the involved officer used a vehicle to strike an attacking dog. In 2018, 2 of the animal shoots had fatal outcomes and in one the animal was wounded. The majority of animal shoots had a fatal outcome (78%) during the 5‐year period. All of the incidents began as a citizen initiated CFS. As expected, the most common call type associated with the application of deadly force on an animal was an Animal Complaint. Officers most commonly encountered the animals attacking either a citizen or officer, or an attack was imminent, in which the animal charged at the involved officers before being shot. Aggressive dogs were involved in the majority of the animal‐type deadly force incidents. The most common breed involved during the 5‐year period was Pit Bull. In 2018, the involved breeds were Doberman, Golden Retriever and Pit Bull. The only other breed of dog involved during the 5‐year period was a Mastiff. The majority of the dogs involved weighed more than 50 pounds. LVMPD introduced a new mandatory online training class, Police and Dog Encounters, beginning in 2014. Officers were trained on the best tactics to ensure public and officer safety through diffusing dog encounters. In addition, dog poles were purchased by the Department. Training was provided to all supervisors who carried dog poles in their vehicles. As a result, the number of use of force incidents involving an animal has decreased 25% since 2014.

Uninjured

Wounded

FatallyWounded

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


CRITICAL INCIDENT REVIEW PROCESS

It is the policy of this Department to provide both the LVMPD and the community with a thorough review process of incidents wherein deadly force was used by Department members. This process, the Critical Incident Review Process (CIRP), includes the participation of citizen board members who reside within the LVMPD jurisdiction, who are not personally affiliated with the Department, who have not had prior law enforcement experience and are not related to any of its members. CIRP is comprised of the Use of Force Review Board (UFRB) and the Tactical Review Board (TRB). These are two separate but related boards whose combined purpose is to conduct a thorough review of all aspects of incidents involving the use of deadly force by Department members. The CIRP two‐part process examines tactics utilized by the member, as well as decision‐making, Department policy and procedure compliance, training, supervision, and the use of deadly force in these incidents. The UFRB issues dispositions regarding the actions of commissioned officers or supervisors who actually used, directly ordered, or directly influenced the use of deadly force during the course and scope of their duties, whether or not such force resulted in death or serious injury. The TRB is a separate board dedicated to discuss all tactical/decision‐making issues by all parties involved in a deadly force incident. The TRB can validate, overturn or modify the conclusions regarding the actions of all commissioned officers or supervisors who participated, or influenced the application of deadly force in any capacity, during the course and scope of their duties, whether or not such force resulted in death or serious injury. The UFRB votes during this process and must render one of the following dispositions:

Administrative Approval: Objectively reasonable force was used under the circumstances based on the information available to the officer at the time. This disposition acknowledges that the use of force was within departmental policy. There are no concerns surrounding the tactics employed. Within policy/good to excellent performance.

Tactics/Decision‐Making: This disposition considers that—even though the use of deadly force was lawful and within policy—the tactics and decision‐making employed were flawed and worked to limit alternatives that may have otherwise been available to the officer. A different approach may have reduced or eliminated the need for the officer to employ deadly force.

Policy/Training Failure: A deadly force outcome was undesirable but did not stem from a violation of policy or failure to follow current training protocols. A department policy and specific training protocol is inadequate, ineffective, or deficient; the officer followed existing policy and training, or there is no existing policy and training protocol that addresses the action taken, or performance demonstrated. Global policy or training deficiencies.

2018

AdministrativeDisapproval

Policy/Training Failure

Tactics/Decision‐Making

AdministrativeApproval

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


Administrative Disapproval: The UFRB has concluded through this disposition that the force used was a violation of department policy. This outcome is reserved for the most serious failures in adherence to policy, decision‐making, and performance. A violation of the use of force policy.

In 2018, there were a total of 17 OIS cases from 2017 and 2018 reviewed. Of those cases, 3 had an outcome of Tactics/Decision‐Making, while the remaining 14 had an outcome of Administrative Approval. At the time of this publication, 20 of the 22 OIS cases from 2018 have yet to be presented to this continual process. However, of the 2 OISs from 2018 that were presented to the board, 2 had an outcome of Administrative Approval. Discipline can sometimes result from either the UFRB or the TRB as Department members go through the CIRP process. The following are possible types of discipline: written reprimand, transfer, suspension (hours), demotion, and termination recommended. From the 17 OIS cases reviewed in 2018, 12 Department members received discipline at the conclusion of their board. Of the 12 Department members, 6 received a written reprimand and 5 received a suspension hours. One member resigned in lieu of receiving a suspension.

CRITICAL INCIDENT REVIEW PROCESS RECOMMENDATIONS

The CIRP recommendations from the board are made to identify and address issues and concerns that would improve the individual officer and the agency as a whole. The recommendations are categorized into four overall areas where growth and development can be made: Equipment, Technology, Policy & Procedure and Training. Along with these areas, officers can be considered for recommendation for commendation or receive a supervisory intervention contact report due to any failure or violation discovered in their critical incident. The status of the recommendations are

42%

50%

8%Termination Recommended

Demotion

Suspension (Hours)

Transfer

Written Reprimand

Resignedin Lieu of

4% 4%

9%

13%

36%

35%

Equipment

Technology

Policy & Procedure

Training

Recommendationfor Commendation

SupervisoryIntervention


continually tracked and updated until completion. These recommendations have included changing Department policy and/or providing better training to afford officers the decision‐making skills and tools necessary to minimize use of force and OIS incidents. As a result of the boards, the following recommendations have been implemented throughout the Department in 2018:

Purchased body‐worn camera equipment and improved footage accessibility. Enhanced K9 de‐escalation techniques and improved communication in regards to mentally ill subjects. Incorporated vehicle extraction in the training curriculum. Updated Air Support policy and procedure to improve communication between the air unit, patrol officers and

supervisors during a critical incident. 20 Recommendations for Commendation. 19 Supervisory Intervention ‐ Contact Reports.

The implementation of the above recommendations and many more (see Appendix for complete listing) have illustrated the Department’s commitment for continual improvement and transparency to strengthen the level of trust between law enforcement and the public.


USE OF FORCE TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT

The focus of the annual report is to report statistics. However, it is important to keep in mind the amount of training police officers receive through the course of their career. Throughout the Department’s training, the core theme emphasized is de‐escalation and sanctity of human life.

ACADEMY

FIELD TRAINING

& EVALUTION PROGRAM

RECURRENT TRAINING REQUIREMENTS

ADVANCED OFFICER SKILLS

TRAINING (9 hours annually)

EMERGENCY VEHICLE

OPERATOR’S COURSE

(8 hours bi‐annually)

UNIVERSITY OF METRO LAS VEGAS (on‐going)

CRISIS INTERVENTION

TRAINING (40 hours)

REALITY‐ BASED

TRAINING (4 hours annually)

DEFENSIVE TACTICS (3 hours quarterly)

FIELD

TRAINING (26 weeks)

BASIC

TRAINING (26 weeks)

FIREARMS TRAINING (2‐4 hours quarterly)


TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT

One goal of the LVMPD is to value our employees and those we serve. The Department focuses on fulfilling this goal by improving performance through training and establishing clear expectations. Throughout the course of each officer’s careers, they must complete the below listed training.

Academy An officer begins their career in a police academy. The police academy is 26 weeks in length, broken into two phases. The overall curriculum utilizes adult learning principles, and includes classroom lecture, practical application and scenario based training. The learning environment stresses critical thinking, problem solving and development of good judgment and decision‐making. Police recruits are trained in basic patrol officer duties through a carefully designed curriculum. This curriculum includes an emphasis on de‐escalation, use of force documentation and application, firearms tactics and training, drivers’ training, search and seizure law, just to name a few. Recruits transition from civilians to officers and learn the basic skills necessary to successfully transfer into the Field Training and Evaluation Program where they continue their next phase of training. Field Training and Evaluation Program (FTEP)

A recruit who graduates the police academy and becomes a sworn police officer is categorized as a Police Officer I (PO‐I). Every PO‐I continues their training into the Field Training and Evaluation Program which is 26 weeks in length, divided into three phases that are completed at three different area commands. The PO‐I should have six different Field Training Officers (FTOs), 2 in each phase. Included in the FTEP program is one week of Crisis Intervention Training (CIT), and a one week Adopt‐a‐Cop program at the conclusion of FTEP. The goal of FTEP is to teach and train PO‐I’s to become competent police officers upon graduating from the program. The program’s commitment is to continue to train a new officer until all reasonable training techniques have been exhausted. Advanced Officer Skills Training (AOST)

AOST is an annual mandatory requirement for officers at the rank of sergeant and below. This is a 9‐hour training which focuses on advanced skills for officers and sergeants. Officers experience five different evolutions, to include the following: use of force refresher (classroom instruction), hands‐on defensive tactics, ECD annual recertification, and two practical application scenarios focused on use of force recognition and response. These scenarios are based on lessons learned from critical incidents experienced within our agency. Training focuses on communication, team tactics and de‐escalation. Reality‐Based Training (RBT)

RBT is an annual mandatory requirement for officers and sergeants who function in an operational capacity. This training is 4 hours in length and focuses on patrol tactics and team dynamics for responding to potentially critical calls. The training objectives and curriculum are based on local and national trends identified by members of RBT personnel and the Critical Incident Review Team (CIRT). Topics include command and control, mindset and team tactics. Training includes classroom instruction, followed by reality‐based scenarios which allow squads to apply the principles learned in the classroom.


Emergency Vehicle Operator’s Course (EVOC)

An 8‐hour driver’s training course required annually and biennial depending upon the assignment of the officer. This training consists of classroom instruction and practical exercises. Topics addressed throughout this course include updates to driving policies, driving skills for regular driving, Code 3 driving while incorporating S.I.P.D.E. (Scan, Identify, Predict, Decide, Execute), stopping and clearing intersections and hazard awareness. The practical exercises emphasize parking, collision avoidance and the Urban Pursuit Course. Crisis Intervention Training (CIT) and CIT Recertification

By partnering with mental health professionals, CIT provides officers with the knowledge and skills to assist citizens experiencing a mental health crisis. Training covers department policy, CIT After Action Reports and Legal Hold procedures. Officers experience scenario‐based training utilizing role players simulating a mental health episode. The course is four days (40 hours) in length. All new officers are required to complete this training while in FTEP. All new sergeants, who are not CIT certified, are required to complete the training during their probationary year. Upon completing the initial 40‐hour certification, officers and sergeants are required to complete an 8‐hour recertification course every 2 years. CIT Recertification provides updates on policy and procedure, as well as current trends within our agency and across the country. Trends identified within our agency are incorporated in this training through tabletop exercises. Firearms Training

Officers are required to complete quarterly firearms training every year. Each quarter, every officer must qualify with each weapon system they are authorized to carry while on duty. The quarterly firearms training sessions are 2‐4 hours long, depending on the training to be completed. In 2018, scenario‐based training was incorporated into two quarters of the required annual training. Defensive Tactics (DT)

DT training is mandatory each quarter for all commissioned members at the rank of lieutenant and below. Consistent hands‐on training is necessary to ensure officers maintain proficiency with department approved defensive tactics. Training is 3 hours in length and covers various tools and techniques including OC Spray, baton, LVNR, handcuffing, self‐defense, suspect takedowns and weapons retention. Each quarter includes practical and tabletop scenarios. University of Metro Las Vegas (UMLV)

UMLV is an online learning system where officers are provided on‐line training throughout the year. The training varies as determined by the needs of the Department. Consistent training includes mandatory courses on the Department’s critical policies and must successfully pass a review. These policies include, but are not limited to, the Vehicular Pursuit policy, Code 3 Driving Procedures, Arrest Procedures, Use of Force, Transporting Prisoners and Handling Persons with Special Needs. Officers are also required to review policy revisions on a quarterly basis via UMLV. Supplementary Training

Additional on‐going training is required throughout the year for every officer at every rank. Some of this training includes, but is not limited to, supervisory schools for future sergeants and lieutenants, Multi‐Assault Counter Terrorism Action Capabilities (MACTAC), Officer‐Involved Shooting debriefs for captains and lieutenants, Commander Circle, station/squad level training, review quarterly training videos developed by the Organizational Development Bureau based on the needs of the Department and review of Awareness Reports from the Internal Oversight and Constitutional Policing Bureau.


50 TOTAL VEHICLE PURSUITS in 2018

The LVMPD strives to balance the need to apprehend criminals versus the risk and liabilities a pursuit entails for the officer, subjects involved and the community at large. The primary goal of the officer and supervisor conducting a vehicle pursuit is the safety of innocent citizens, officers, and those attempting to flee.

VEHICLE PURSUITS

Traffic‐Related Pursuit Incidents 4% decrease compared to 2017 4

Felony‐Related Pursuit Incidents 12% increase compared to 2017 45

Misdemeanor‐Related Pursuit Incident 8% decrease compared to 2017 1


VEHICLE PURSUITS

The LVMPD engages in vehicle pursuits to arrest offenders when necessary to protect the people in our community. Pursuits are conducted only for a violent felony or in circumstances where the subject presents a clear and immediate danger to the public. The LVMPD strives to balance the need to apprehend criminals versus the risk and liabilities a pursuit entails for the officer, subjects involved and the community at large. The primary goal of the officer and supervisor conducting a vehicle pursuit is the safety of innocent citizens, officers, and whenever possible, those attempting to flee. Please note, in some cases, percentages may not total 100%, as they are rounded to the nearest whole percent.

VEHICLE PURSUITS OVERVIEW

There were a total of 217 vehicle pursuit incidents during the 5‐year period. In 2018, there were 50 vehicle pursuits, which was no change from the number of pursuits in 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, the number of pursuits which occurred in 2018 was 7 incidents higher than the average. Vehicle pursuits ranged from a low of 33 in 2014 to a high of 50 in both 2017 and 2018.

INITIAL REASON FOR PURSUIT

In 2018, pursuits were initiated for felony offenses 90% of the time. Violent felonies were predominantly noted as the initial reason for the pursuit during 2018. Violent felony pursuits were most likely to conclude by the following methods: pursued vehicle involved in an accident, discontinued by law enforcement agency or pursued vehicle voluntarily stopped. Damages resulting from a violent felony pursuit most often consisted of the subject vehicle only (six incidents). Injuries resulting from a violent felony pursuit most often included the subject only and the subject and an uninvolved citizen(s).

0

10

20

30

40

50

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Vehicle Pursuits

0

10

20

30

40

50

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Felony Misdemeanor Traffic


In some instances, a vehicle pursuit may be initiated for traffic or misdemeanor offenses when the officer determines the subject vehicle presents a clear and immediate danger to the public. During 2018, officers initiated 5 pursuits related to traffic or misdemeanor offenses. In one incident, the pursuing officer observed reckless driving and in another the officer believed the subject intentionally rammed the patrol vehicle. The remaining three incidents were license plate violations. Three incidents resulted in an arrest. Subjects were arrested for charges such as Assault with Deadly Weapon – Protected Person, Felony Evading, DUI – 2nd, Duty to Stop at Accident with Attended Vehicle/Property Damage, Drive with Suspended License, DUI – Alcohol, Possess Document/Personal ID to Establish False Proof of Age, to name a few. The three incidents that resulted in arrest also involved an accident. The remaining two pursuits were discontinued by the officer once it was determined that the dangers created by the pursuit outweighed the need for immediate apprehension.

PURSUIT INITIATION AND TERMINATION POINTS

In 2018, NEAC had the highest number of vehicle pursuits initiated within its borders with 9 pursuits, followed by EAC with 8 pursuits. Of the 9 area commands, BAC and NEAC each experienced an increase of 10%, the largest increase when compared to 2017. DTAC had the largest decrease in initiated pursuit events, decreasing from 16% in 2017 to 6% in 2018. When compared to the 5‐year average, the number of 2018 pursuits initiated in NEAC was 6% higher than the average, the largest increase, while DTAC was 5% lower than the average, the largest decrease.

12%

8%

6%

16%

18%

10%

12%

12%

4% 2%Bolden

Convention Center

Downtown

Enterprise

Northeast

Northwest

South Central

Southeast

Spring Valley

Other Jurisdiction

2018 Pursuits


In 2018, the highest number of vehicle pursuits concluded within the borders of EAC and NEAC with 7 pursuits each. DTAC had the fewest pursuits end within its borders with 1 pursuit. BAC had the greatest increase from 4% of terminations in 2017 to 12% in 2018. When compared to the 5‐year average, the rate of pursuits which ended in BAC in 2018 was 2% higher than the average. DTAC had the largest decrease in pursuits that concluded within its borders having decreased from 18% in 2017 to 2% in 2018. When compared to the 5‐year average, the rate of 2018 pursuits which concluded in DTAC was 7% lower than the average.

PURSUIT DISTANCE AND DURATION

Thirty‐eight percent of 2018 vehicle pursuit incidents were concluded in 1 mile or less, which is a 6% increase from 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, the rate of 2018 pursuits which concluded in 1 mile or less was 5% higher than the average. Eighty percent of 2018 pursuits were concluded within 5 miles or less. Of those pursuits concluded within 5 miles or less, 38% were discontinued by either the involved officer, a sergeant or a watch commander/area lieutenant or above. Ten pursuit incidents spanned more than 5, but less than 10 miles. When compared to 2017, this is a 12% increase. When compared to the 5‐year average, the number of 2018 pursuit incidents which spanned more than 5, but less than 10 miles was 7% higher than the average.

12%

8%

2%

14%

14%12%

12%

12%

6%

8%Bolden

Convention Center

Downtown

Enterprise

Northeast

Northwest

South Central

Southeast

Spring Valley

Other Jurisdiction

2018 Pursuits

0

10

20

30

40

50

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

0 to 1 mile 1.1 to 2 miles 2.1 to 5 miles

5.1 to 10 miles Beyond 10 miles Unk


In 2018, 80% of pursuits lasted between 1 and 5 minutes, which is a 2% increase from 2017. Twenty‐three percent of pursuits which lasted between 1 and 5 minutes were discontinued by a law enforcement agency, while 18% concluded with the subject vehicle voluntarily stopping. When compared to the 5‐year average, the number of 2018 pursuits lasting between 1 and 5 minutes was 10% higher than the average.

PURSUIT SPEED

When a subject presents a clear and immediate danger to the public, LVMPD officers may engage in a vehicle pursuit while exercising reasonable care for persons and property. When considering acceptable pursuit speeds, the need for immediate apprehension should outweigh the dangers created by the pursuit itself. Sixty percent of 2018 vehicle pursuit incidents reached maximum speeds ranging from 60 to 99mph. This is a 10% increase when compared to 2017, in which 50% of pursuit incidents fell within this range. When compared to the 5‐year average, the number of 2018 vehicle pursuit incidents which reached maximum speeds ranging from 60 to 99mph was 9% higher than the average. In 2018, 24% of vehicle pursuits yielded maximum speeds below 60mph. This is a decrease of 10% from 2017 where 34% of pursuits fell within this range. When compared to the 5‐year average, the number of pursuits that yielded a maximum speed below 60mph in 2018 was 11% lower than the average. Pursuits exceeded 100mph in 12% of 2018 pursuits, which is an increase of 4% compared to 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, the number of pursuits that exceeded 100mph in 2018 was 1% higher than the average. On average, over the 5‐year period, 63% of pursuit incidents reached speeds in excess of 60mph.

80%

12%

6%2%

1‐5 min

6‐10 min

11‐15 min

Unk

2018 Pursuits

2%

4%

18%

22%38%

12%

4%

0‐19 mph

20‐39 mph

40‐59 mph

60‐79 mph

80‐99 mph

100‐119 mph

Unk

2018 Pursuits


PURSUIT SHIFT

In 2018, vehicle pursuit incidents were most likely to occur on grave shift. Grave shift accounted for 48% of 2018 incidents, which is an increase of 18% from 2017. When compared to the 5‐year grave shift average, the rate of pursuits which occurred during grave shift in 2018 was 10% higher than the average. In 2018, grave shift pursuits were most likely to occur between 0401‐0600 hours. In 2018, 32% of vehicle pursuits occurred during swing shift, which is a 10% decrease when compared to 2017. When compared to the 5‐year swing shift average, the rate of pursuits which occurred during swing shift in 2018 was 3% lower than the average. Swing shift pursuits in 2018 were most likely to occur between 2001‐0000 hours. In 2018, 20% of vehicle pursuits occurred during day shift, which is a decrease of 8% when compared to 2017. When compared to the 5‐year day shift average, the proportion of day shift pursuits in 2018 was 6% lower than the average. Pursuits on day shift were most likely to occur between 1401‐1600 hours.

PURSUIT SUBJECT DEMOGRAPHICS

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Grave Day Swing

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Asian Black Hispanic White Other Unknown


In 2018, the subject involved in a vehicle pursuit was Hispanic in 34% of instances. When compared to 2017, the percentage of Hispanic subjects increased 12 percent. When compared to the 5‐year average, the number of Hispanic subjects involved in a pursuit in 2018 was 11% higher than the average. White subjects were involved in 30% of vehicle pursuits in 2018, which is an increase of 2% from 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, the number of white subjects involved in a vehicle pursuit in 2018 was 3% higher than the average. Vehicle pursuits involving black subjects comprised of 24% of the incidents in 2018, which is a decrease of 12% from 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, the rate of a black subject being involved in a vehicle pursuit in 2018 was 8% lower than the average. The subject’s ethnicity was unknown in 10% of 2018 pursuit incidents. The subject of a vehicle pursuit was predominantly male. Males accounted for 90% of the incidents in 2018. When compared to 2017, this is an increase of 6 percent. The percentage of male subjects in 2018 was 8% higher than the 5‐year average. The subject was female in 4% of 2018 incidents. When compared to 2017, this is a decrease of 6 percent. The percentage of female subjects in 2018 was 3% lower than the 5‐year average. The subject’s gender was unknown in 6% of 2018 pursuit incidents. In 2018, the majority of pursuits involved subjects who were in their twenties (34%) or thirties (24 percent). The percentage of involved subjects in their twenties in 2018 increased 4% when compared to 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, the number of involved subjects in their twenties in 2018 was 3% higher than the average. The percentage of involved subjects in their thirties in 2018 decreased 4% when compared to 2017. The rate of the involved subjects being in their thirties in 2018 was 3% higher than the 5‐year average. Subjects under the age of 19 encompassed 16% of pursuit incidents in 2018, which is a decrease of 2% when compared to 2017.

USE OF THE AIR UNIT DURING A PURSUIT

The LVMPD employs several tactics and tools to ensure the safe conclusion of a police vehicle pursuit. One tool utilized by officers is the assistance of the air unit. Whenever possible, the air unit is dispatched to respond to the police vehicle pursuit, and ultimately assumes primary radio responsibilities for the event. Upon the arrival of the air unit, ground units are afforded the opportunity to cease emergency operations, reduce speeds and discontinue visual contact of the pursued vehicle while the air unit commences surveillance. These actions, in turn, greatly reduce the potential dangers a pursuit creates for officers and citizens, while still providing for the safe apprehension of subjects. In 2018, the LVMPD air unit responded to 22 of the 50 pursuit incidents (44 percent). Twenty‐one incidents were related to felony crimes. The air unit arrived prior to the conclusion of the pursuit and assisted during the pursuit in 15 incidents. On 7 occasions, the air unit arrived following the conclusion of the pursuit, but assisted on a subsequent foot pursuit, perimeter or accident scene. In 5 instances, the pursuit concluded prior to the air unit’s arrival. In 15 incidents, the air unit

44%

16%

10%

30%Responded andAssisted

Not Requested

Concluded Priorto Arrival

Unavailable

2018 Pursuits


was unavailable, grounded or not yet on duty. The air unit was not requested in 8 incidents. Each of those 8 incidents lasted between 1 and 3 minutes.

PURSUIT DISCONTINUED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT

A vehicle pursuit may be initiated based on a pursuing officer’s assessment that the pursuit is the best available option at the time and meets the requirements set forth by Department policy. The decision to pursue is often made under difficult, unpredictable and rapidly changing circumstances. For these reasons, it is the philosophy of the LVMPD to require immediate supervisory authorization for a pursuit and on‐going supervisory control of a pursuit. Considering the totality of circumstances, in some cases, the best course of action may be not to pursue or to discontinue a pursuit already in progress. In 2018, 19 vehicle pursuits were discontinued by law enforcement. Five were discontinued by the involved officer, 7 by the sergeant and 7 by the watch commander/area lieutenant or above. When compared to 2017, the number of pursuits discontinued by law enforcement in 2018 decreased by 10 percent. When compared to the 5‐year average, the number of pursuits discontinued in 2018 was 3 incidents higher than the average. In 2018, the involved officer discontinued 3 fewer pursuits than the previous year, while the watch commander/area lieutenant or above discontinued 2 more than the previous year. Almost 2 times as many pursuits were discontinued in 2018 (19) than in 2014 (10).

PURSUIT INTERVENTION TECHNIQUES

In instances where a pursuit is deemed necessary for the arrest of an offender to protect the people in our community, the LVMPD may, on occasion, utilize an intervention technique to safely end the pursuit. In 2018, intervention techniques were used on 4 occasions, 2 uses of stop sticks and 2 Pursuit Intervention Techniques (PIT). Of the 2 uses each, both the stop sticks and PIT were successful on 1 occasion and unsuccessful on 1 occasion. The number of intervention techniques utilized decreased by 1 from 2017 to 2018. Overall, the number of applications has remained relatively consistent from 2014 to 2018, with the range of use being between 4 and 6 applications per year.

Involved Officer Sergeant WC, Lieutenant orAbove

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

50%

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


PURSUIT ACCIDENTS

In 2018, an accident occurred in 26 of the 50 pursuits. In 19 of those incidents, officers were actively pursuing the subject at the time of the accident. The air unit arrived and assisted with the pursuit in 10 incidents that involved accidents. Of the 26 accidents, 23 were initiated for felony‐related offenses, 1 for a misdemeanor‐related offense and 2 for traffic‐related offenses. Of the 2018 vehicle pursuits involving an accident, 7 incidents originated in NEAC and 5 incidents originated in EAC. NEAC was the termination point in 6 pursuits involving an accident, while EAC was the termination point in 5 pursuits involving an accident. In 2018, 38% of vehicle pursuit incidents involving an accident were concluded in 1 mile or less. Eighty‐one percent of 2018 vehicle pursuit incidents involving an accident were concluded within 5 miles or less. Five vehicle pursuit incidents involving an accident in 2018 spanned more than 5, but less than 10 miles. In 2018, all pursuits involving an accident concluded within 15 minutes or less. In pursuits involving an accident in 2018, the duration of a pursuit was most commonly between 1 and 5 minutes (85 percent). A pursuit involving an accident was most likely to occur during grave shift (46%), with 19% of all accidents occurring between 0401‐0600hrs. Day shift and swing shift each accounted for 27% of accidents. Seven of the 26 accidents occurred on a Wednesday (27 percent).

DAMAGES RESULTING FROM A PURSUIT

In 2018, there were 26 incidents where damages resulted from a vehicle pursuit accident, which is an increase of 7 incidents from 2017. When compared to the 5‐year average, the number of 2018 incidents where damages resulted from a vehicle pursuit accident was 8 higher than the average.

88%

4% 8%

Felony

Misdemeanor

Traffic

2018 Pursuits

4%

12%

19%

15%

35%

12%

4%Patrol & Un‐involvedCitizen VehicleSubject & PatrolVehiclesSubject Vehicle &PropertySubject Vehicle &Un‐Involved CitizenSubject VehicleOnlySubject Vehicle, Patrol& Un‐involved CitizenUn‐Involved CitizenVehicle Only

2018 Pursuits


Damages were most likely to occur to the subject vehicle only, accounting for 35% of all damages. This type of damage increased from no incidents in 2017 to 9 incidents in 2018. When compared to the 5‐year average, damages to subject vehicle only in 2018 was 19% higher than the average. The pursued subject vehicle and property accounted for 19% of all damages in 2018. When compared to 2017, this type of damage decreased 2 percent. In 2018, damage to the subject vehicle and property was 9% lower than the 5‐year average. Damages to the subject vehicle and an uninvolved citizen(s) vehicle accounted for 15% of 2018 damages, which is a decrease of 37% from 2017.

INJURIES RESULTING FROM A PURSUIT

In 2018, injuries resulted from a vehicle pursuit accident in 18% of all pursuits. This is a 2% increase compared to the percentage of 2017 pursuits which resulted in injury. When compared to the 5‐year average, the percentage of pursuits which resulted in injuries was 3% higher than the average. Pursuits where injuries occurred to the subject and officer(s) increased from no incidents in 2017 to 2 incidents in 2018. There was no change in the number of injuries to the subject only from 2017 to 2018. Injuries to both the uninvolved citizen(s) only as well as the subject and uninvolved citizen(s) decreased by 1 incident from 2017 to 2018.

ACCOUNTABILITY

The LVMPD Internal Affairs Bureau received 3 vehicle pursuit allegations in 2018. When compared to 2017, there is no change. However, when compared to the 5‐year average, 2018 received 2 fewer allegations than the average. In 2018, no policy violation was the finding in 1 incident. In 2018, no allegations were sustained, the investigation established that misconduct occurred. Other findings in 2018 following the investigation of a vehicle pursuit allegation included: supervisor intervention and dismissed by Citizen Review Board. All pursuits are thoroughly investigated for adherence to procedures and tactics. The Pursuit Review Committee (PRC), created in 2011, reviews vehicle pursuit reports, radio traffic and body‐worn camera footage quarterly in order to make recommendations for policy changes or modifications in the training curriculum. The PRC generates awareness reports as a means to lead discussions and to deliver relevant training in a briefing setting.


The LVMPD continues its commitment to being transparent and accountable in all aspects of use of force and vehicle pursuits. The findings within this report have assisted the Department in identifying emerging trends and implementing additional training and practices as they relate to deadly and non‐deadly use of force and vehicle pursuits. The Department holds the sanctity of human life to the highest regard and therefore, critically investigates every use of force incident, whether deadly or non‐deadly, every vehicle pursuit incident and all correlating data in order to use lessons learned to update policy, procedures and training. The findings of these investigations hold our officers accountable for their actions and allows them to develop as a result of their experience. The force investigation model used by LVMPD is one of continuous, critical self‐analysis that results in adjustments to training, policy and education within the agency. The continued critical review of these incidents and transparency will continue to be a priority for the Department.


APPENDIX

NON‐DEADLY USE OF FORCE CHARTS



STATISTICAL SUMMARY FOR OFFICER‐INVOLVED SHOOTINGS

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Number of OISs 16 16 10 22 22

Fatal OISs 8 11 3 10 12

Non‐Fatal OISs 8 5 7 12 10

Largest Interval between OISs 117 72 159 68 51

Number of Directly Involved Officers 25 28 17 28 38

Average Number of Involved Officers per OIS 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.3 1.7

Average Minutes on Scene Until Shots Fired 42 59 28 71 112

Total Number of Shots Fired by Officers 122 130 125 146 202

Average Number of Shots Fired per Officer 5 5 7 5 5

Average Number of Shots Fired per OIS 8 8 13 7 9

Number of Involved Subjects 17 16 10 22 23

Percentage of Subjects Who Used a Firearm* 75% 88% 90% 73% 68%

Percentage of Subjects Who Used a Knife/Sharp Object* 25% 6% 0% 18% 27%

Number of Subjects Who Shot at Officers 6 5 3 6 9

Total Number of Shots Fired by Subjects 32 35 42 42 54

*For a complete analysis of the weapons used by subjects involved in an OIS, please see Subject Weapon on page 33.


2014 OFFICER‐INVOLVED SHOOTING INCIDENTS

31 JAN

On 01/31/2014, officer(s) responded to a Robbery call at 2258 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

03MAR


04 MAR

On 03/04/2014, officer(s) responded to a Fraud call at 2339 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

16MAR

On 03/16/2014, officer(s) responded to a Person with a Gun call at 0927 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

21 MAR

On 03/21/2014, officer(s) responded to a Family Disturbance call at 2127 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a knife/sharp object.

08APR

On 04/08/2014, officer(s) responded to a Suicide Attempt call at 0321 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

29 APR

On 04/29/2014, officer(s) responded to an Unknown Trouble call at 1404 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

30MAY


08 JUN

On 06/08/2014, officer(s) responded to an Assault/Battery with a Gun call at 1128 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

25JUN

On 06/25/2014, officer(s) responded to an Other Disturbance call at 0023 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a knife/sharp object.

27 JUN

On 06/27/2014, officer(s) initiated a Vehicle Stop at 2250 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

29JUL

On 07/29/2014, officer(s) responded to a Fight call at 0659 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

03 AUG

On 08/03/2014, officer(s) responded to an Illegal Shooting call at 1003 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

11AUG


07 DEC

On 12/07/2014, officer(s) were conducting surveillance on a subject at 0506 hours. The officer(s) made contact with the subject who was armed with a firearm.

21DEC




09 FEB


25FEB


29 APR

On 04/29/2015, officer(s) responded to a Suspicious Person call at 1059 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

10JUL


18 JUL


25JUL

On 07/25/2015, officer(s) responded to an Assault/Battery with Other Deadly Weapon call at 1849 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

07 AUG

On 08/07/2015, officer(s) responded to an Other Disturbance call at 0906 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a knife/sharp object.

23AUG


29 AUG

On 08/29/2015, officer(s) responded to a Larceny from Person call at 0317 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

04SEP

On 09/04/2015, officer(s) responded to a Prowler call at 0358 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

15 OCT

On 10/15/2015, officer(s) responded to a Stolen Motor Vehicle call at 0953 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

24NOV

On 11/24/2015, officer(s) responded to a Suspicious Vehicle call at 0159 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

14 DEC


14DEC


17 DEC

On 12/17/2015, officer(s) responded to a Family Disturbance call at 1147 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

31DEC

On 12/31/2015, officer(s) were assisting another agency in establishing a perimeter on a wanted subject at 1422 hours. The officer(s) encountered the subject who simulated a firearm in his front pocket.



22 JAN


26JAN


29 FEB

On 02/29/2016, officer(s) responded to aPerson with a Gun call at 2018 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

31MAR


11 APR


06MAY


12 OCT


14NOV

On 11/14/2016, officer(s) initiated a Vehicle Stop at 2319 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a vehicle and attempted to strike the officer.

13 DEC


19DEC




05 JAN

On 01/05/2017, officer(s) were conducting surveillance on a subject at 2140 hours. The officer(s) made contact with a subject who was armed with a firearm.

21JAN

On 01/21/2017, officer(s) responded to a Person with a Knife call at 0941 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a knife/sharp object.

30 MAR

On 03/30/2017, officer(s) responded to a Burglary call at 0121 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

31MAR

On 03/31/2017, officer(s) responded to an Other Disturbance call at 1308 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

06 MAY

On 05/06/2017, officer(s) responded to a Person with Other Deadly Weapon call at 2316 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a knife/sharp object.

15MAY


31 MAY


01JUN


20 JUN

On 06/20/2017, officer(s) responded to an Unknown Trouble call at 0039 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a knife/sharp object.

24JUN


11 JUL

On 07/11/2017, officer(s) responded to a Robbery Attempt call at 1326 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a knife/sharp object.

18JUL

On 07/18/2017, officer(s) responded to a Recovered Stolen Motor Vehicle call at 1357 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

24 JUL


29JUL

On 07/29/2017, officer(s) responded to a Burglary Attempt call at 0420 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a blunt object.

01 AUG


05AUG



25 SEP


28SEP


11 OCT


07NOV

On 11/07/2017, officer(s) responded to a Homicide call at 0218 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

11 NOV


09DEC

On 12/09/2017, officer(s) responded to a Robbery Attempt call at 1050 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a blunt object.



26 JAN

On 01/26/2018, officer(s) responded to anAssault/Battery with a Gun call at 0008 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

26JAN


06 FEB


29MAR


06 APR


12MAY

On 05/12/2018, officer(s) responded to a Person with Other Deadly Weapon call at 2213 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a blunt object.

08 JUN

On 06/08/2018, officer(s) were conducting surveillance on a subject at 1048 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

14JUN


29 JUN

On 06/29/2018, officer(s) initiated a Vehicle Stop at 0036 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who simulated a firearm in his hand before fleeing over a wall.

11JUL

On 07/11/2018, officer(s) responded to an Assault/Battery with a Gun call at 0724 hours. The officer(s) encountered two subjects who were armed with firearms.

03 AUG


04AUG


06 AUG

On 08/06/2018, officer(s) responded to a Suicide Attempt call at 1240 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a knife/sharp object.

08AUG

On 08/08/2018, officer(s) responded to an Assault/Battery with Other Deadly Weapon call at 2106 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a knife/sharp object.

11 AUG


18AUG



24 AUG

On 08/24/2018, officer(s) responded to an Assault/Battery with Other Deadly Weapon call at 1248 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a knife/sharp object.

25AUG


03 SEP


10OCT

On 10/10/2018, officer(s) responded to a Traffic Accident with Injury call at 0712 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a firearm.

27 OCT

On 10/27/2018, officer(s) responded to a Person with a Knife call at 0017 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a knife/sharp object.

01DEC

On 12/01/2018, officer(s) initiated a Vehicle Stop at 0741 hours. The officer(s) encountered a subject who was armed with a knife/sharp object.


2018 CRITICAL INCIDENT REVIEW PROCESS RECOMMENDATIONS

EQUIPMENT The Project Management and Video Bureau to provide a way for BWC equipment to be accessible

24 hours a day, 7 days a week. The Project Management and Video Bureau to replace all FLEX 1 BWC with FLEX 2 BWC

department wide.

TECHNOLOGY Communications Bureau to conduct an immediate review and resolution of the CAD system

display issue and ensure an awareness bulletin is distributed to all Communications’ Bureau staff making them aware of the issue.

The Detention Services Division (DSD) to research the feasibility of having the control room(s) at CCDC (Clark County Detention Center) and North Valley Complex (NVC) can remotely activate all lighting when a code is called in a module that has minimum lighting level in use.

POLICY & PROCEDURE Communications Bureau ensure a Critical Incident Call Review is completed within 72 hours of an

event and documented on a Critical Incident Call Review form. Detention Services Division Chief to address deficiencies and update the procedure regarding

CCDC Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) Security of Hospital Inmates. A copy of the revised CCDC Security of Hospital Inmates SOP must be placed at each hospital inmate post.

Air Support to revise their Tactical Flight Officer (TFO) manual to ensure patrol officers and supervisors are given the opportunity to broadcast vital information during a critical incident.

Any officer involved in a critical incident at CCDC, NVC or Tucker Holding Facility (THF) be assigned a monitor officer (who was not involved in the incident) to stay with them. Department policy 6/002.00.


TRAINING The Organizational Development Bureau (ODB) to reiterate the importance of radio discipline

through multiple training avenues such as, but not limited to, AOST, RBT and supervisor schools. ODB and LVMPD Communications Bureau to reiterate the importance of broadcasting accurate

information over the radio, through multiple training avenues such as, but not limited to, AOST, RBT and supervisor schools.

An LVMPD OIS be implemented as a tabletop exercise through multiple avenues of supervisor training and schools.

ODB to incorporate the Vehicle Extraction training in the Academy training curriculum.

The K9 unit to create a lesson plan to define the responsibilities of a patrol officer(s) when working with a K9 officer(s) during open field barricades, searches or any dynamic situation. Train and educate patrol officers on their responsibilities while working with a K9 officer during situations considered to be open field barricades or searches.

The K9 section to develop training on responsibilities when dealing with a mentally ill subject(s).

The DSD defensive tactic instructors to complete an “informal” briefing quarterly regarding the Control Over‐Watch procedure that has been implemented under SOP.

OFFICER‐SPECIFIC RECOMMENDATIONS An officer’s rifle certification be suspended for a minimum of 18 months. The officer was required

to complete the full rifle certification course upon any future request to obtain rifle certification. An officer be placed on modified duty or administrative leave until officer satisfactorily completes

AOST training to demonstrate officer is prepared to take action during critical incidents. An officer be removed as the trainer for a specialized unit until his performance is deemed

improved.

20 Recommendations for commendations

19 Supervisory intervention contact reports

2018 RECOMMENDATIONS STATUS All 2018 Critical Incident Review Process recommendations have been implemented.


2014‐2018 OFFICER‐INVOLVED SHOOTING LOCATIONS

2 0 14 OI S Loc a t i on 2 0 15 OI S Loc a t i on 2 0 16 OI S Loc a t i on 2 0 17 OI S Loc a t i on 2 0 18 OI S Loc a t i on1 3675 Needles Hwy 1 4855 S Boulder Hwy 1 3600 S Las Vegas Blvd 1 1200 N Jones Blvd 1 11636 Elcadore St2 3935 E Charlest on Blvd 2 5370 E Craig Rd 2 3624 Asbury Hill Ave 2 1 Main St 2 1826 S Las Vegas Blvd3 1631 N Rancho Dr 3 6312 Bluejay Way 3 134 La Padania Ave 3 9810 River Trader St 3 3305 Lingo St4 23600 S Las Vegas Blvd 4 Lindell Rd & W Sahara Ave 4 9848 Fast Elk St 4 4801 West moreland Dr 4 2000 Paradise Rd5 3424 Villa Way 5 1401 S Las Vegas Blvd 5 2000 S Paradise Rd 5 5201 Shreve Ave 5 258 Madge Ln6 5689 Macet a Ave 6 3040 E Charlest on Blvd 6 1150 N Buf f alo Dr 6 9552 W Tropicana Ave 6 3387 Big Sur Dr7 5435 Palm St 7 6990 Berkshire Pl 7 Hualapai Way & Deer Springs Way 7 3718 W Vegas Dr 7 3790 Blue Diamond Rd8 Sahara Av & Tam Dr 8 416 Lakehurst Rd 8 3940 La Cruz Court 8 1702 Eddingham Ct 8 Owens Ave & Radwick Dr9 201 N Nellis Blvd 9 Losee Rd & Sharp Cir 9 7726 Coral Cact us Ct 9 1111 S Cimarron Rd 9 4182 E St Louis Ave10 7230 S Las Vegas Blvd 10 6729 Oveja Cir 10 5445 W Flamingo Rd 10 1928 Bookbinder Dr 10 1776 E Ogden Ave11 Carey Ave & Dolly Ln 11 3400 S Jones Blvd 11 4233 N Rancho Dr 11 210 Balt imore Ave12 3930 Almondwood 12 3823 S Maryland Pkwy 12 6700 N Durango Dr 12 1512 Saylor Way13 4845 Cleopat ra Ave 13 4564 Aviat ion St 13 4609 Goldf ield St 13 2200 W Bonanza Rd14 7652 Calico Fields St 14 3869 King Palm 14 1860 West ern Ave 14 5350 E Tropicana Ave15 3700 W Flamingo Rd 15 9145 S Las Vegas Blvd 15 4185 W Tompkins 15 4000 Blue Diamond Rd16 3268 Liahona Way 16 8335 Gilded Crown Ct 16 2075 E Warm Springs Rd 16 8530 W Sahara

17 1800 W Charlest on Blvd 17 7000 W Spring Mount ain Rd18 240 N Jones Blvd 18 900 Doolit t le Ave19 39 Moonlight Dr 19 1150 S Rainbow Blvd20 7403 Newcrest Circle 20 S Rainbow Blvd & Gary Ave21 780 E Pyle Ave 21 5436 Tinker Toy Ave22 1591 N Decat ur Blvd 22 18t h St & Sunrise Ave


2018 VEHICLE PURSUIT ORIGINATING LOCATIONS

N umbe r Or i gi na t i ng Loc a t i on N umbe r Or i gi na t i ng Loc a t i on Numbe r Or i gi na t i ng Loc a t i on N umbe r Or i gi na t i ng Loc a t i on

1 6249 Whispering Creek St 14 Dean Mart in Dr & W Cact us Ave 27 E Desert Inn Rd & S East ern Ave 40 N Nellis Blvd & E Cheyenne Ave

2 E Bonanza Rd & N Main St 15 5206 S Brent mead Dr 28 S Lamb Blvd & S Boulder Hwy 41 Palmilla St & W Tropical Pkwy

3 Rock Springs Dr & W Lake Mead Blvd 16 3449 Sammy Davis Jr Dr 29 Nellis Blvd & Gowan 42 3075 E Tropicana Ave

4 2400 N Rancho Dr 17 E Kell Ln & Los Feliz Blvd 30 1776 Ogden Ave 43 7110 S Durango Dr

5 Swenson St & E Desert Inn Rd 18 E Owens Ave & Mar ion Dr 31 Boulder Hwy & E Harmon Ave 44 US 95 & W Craig Rd

6 Discovery Point St & Crown Palms Ave 19 S Maryland Pkwy & Karen Ave 32 E Desert Inn Rd & Paradise Rd 45 N Rancho Dr & W Bonanza Rd

7 I15 & W Russell Rd 20 9301 W Sahara Ave 33 W Flamingo Rd & Arville St 46 3210 N Tenaya Way

8 N I15 & W Charlest on Blvd 21 6233 E Sahara Ave 34 E Webb Ave & Belmont St 47 S Fort Apache Rd & W Cact us Ave

9 Sierra Vist a Dr & Rome St 22 W Sahara Ave & Richf ield Blvd 35 350 S Durango Dr 48 1405 Vegas Valley Dr

10 1500 Bonanza Rd 23 6644 Silver Penny Ave 36 S Torrey Pines Dr & W Tropicana Ave 49 W Tropicana Ave & S Lindell Rd

11 1401 Decat ur Blvd 24 Sammy Davis Jr Dr & W Desert Inn Rd 37 S Arden St & E Idaho Ave 50 E Flamingo Rd & Paradise Rd

12 Tropicana Ave & Las Vegas Blvd 25 E Bonanza Rd & Clayt on St 38 Drexal Rd & W Ann Rd

13 4100 Bonanza Rd 26 E Lake Mead Blvd & Marion Dr 39 Cloud Peak Ave & St arlight Canyon Ave


Documents

New Use of Force Statistical Analysis 2014-2018 DRAFT 6 · 2019. 5. 21. · This review is a 5‐year examination of non‐deadly use of force incidents, deadly use of force incidents