New York City Transportation Challenges and Opportunities

New York City Department of Transportation

Deputy Commissioner Michael Replogle

March 19, 2019

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New York Metropolitan Region:Public transport focused growth

surrounded by car-dependent sprawl

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23 million residents in

35,000 square kilometer region

New York City (NYC): Strong heart of a growing region

8.5 million City

residents in

782 square

kilometer area

Brooklyn

Queens

Bronx

Staten Island

New Jersey

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Center of global finance, dependent on public transport and walking

3 key public subway, bus, rail

operators (MTA, NJ Transit, PATH):

• 9.5 million weekday riders

• 3,500 commuter rail cars

• 6,800 subway cars

• 8,725 buses

• 472 stations (NYC subway)

2 of 3 trips in NYC by walking, cycling, or public transport

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

US Average 2011 NYC 1997 NYC 2016 Berlin 2013

Urban Travel Mode Share

Drive Public Transport Bike Walk

14% 60% 67% 70%

Sustainable

transport

mode share

City goal is for 80% of

trips to be by sustainable

modes by 2050

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Key City

Transportation

Goal: Vision Zero

New York City Mayor

Bill de Blasio listening

to parents who have

lost children to road

traffic violence

NYC’s Vision Zero efforts have cut road deaths 28% since 2013

Traffic Fatalities by Mode (2000-2018)

SOURCE: NYC DOT,

NYPD

New York City, 2014 - present

Cut speed

limit

Citywide

Effective

Safety

Education

Stronger

Enforcement

with Police &

Cameras

Redesign

Streets and

Intersections

for Safety

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2010-2017

• 440,000 more

residents

• 700,000 more

jobs

• 29% increase in

tourism

Largest Population in Recorded History

New York City is growing

2010-2017: Manhattan and Core traffic speeds fall

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0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Average Travel Speeds (miles per hour), 2010-2017

Manhattan CBD Midtown Core

Bus speeds fall with congestion

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7.00

7.50

8.00

8.50

9.00

9.50

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87

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88

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89

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90

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91

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92

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93

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NYC Bus Speeds (Miles Per Hour): 1987 - 2016

NYCT Bus Speed (MPH) Manhattan CBD Travel Speed (MPH)

Public transport performance faltered

but turnaround in the works

Subway Delays and Falling On-Time Performance (2012-2018)

SOURCE: MTA via NYC DOT

But considerable funding needed

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• Governor Cuomo and Mayor de Blasio supporting congestion pricing to help fund MTA, manage traffic

• MTA faces $40b funding gap for capital program, more for operations

• Port Authority NY-NJ $7b needed for bus terminal reconstruction

• Gateway program needs $24b for NE corridor rail tunnel & track upgrades

Rise and fall of public transport use

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3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

5,500

6,500

7,000

7,500

8,000

8,500

9,000

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Employment(thousands)Population

(thousands)

Population, Daily Transit Ridership, and Employment, 2000-2017

Population Daily Transit Ridership Employment

Public

Transport

Ridership (thousands)

Recession

Years

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What role for new mobility in NYC?

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2012-2013

2014-2015

2016-2017

Ridership by Mode, New York City

App-Based For-Hire Vehicles (FHVs) growing sharply

Sources: Bruce Schaller, “Making Congestion Pricing Work for

Traffic and Transit in New York City”, March 2018, citing

various public sources

2015-2018: Volume of app-based FHV trips surges

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0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

For-Hire

Vehicle Trips

(thousands)

For-Hire Trips 2010-2017

Yellow Cabs Green Cabs Non-App FHV App FHV

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

3,500,000

4,000,000

4,500,000

October 2013 October 2017

Manhattan Core Vehicle Hours Traveled

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Taxi and App-based FHVs: More time spent cruising with lower occupancy

2.1

2.8 million

1.9

4.0 million

2.8

Manhattan Core

Total VHT: +42%

Yellow VHT: -27%

More vehicles

circulating in core,

often without

passengers

Citywide

Total Trips: +58%

Yellow Trips: -36%

FHV Pickups, October 2017

1.8 million

105,000

1.3 million

85,000

140,000

27,000

121,000

502,000

72,000

266,000

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½ of all App-Based For Hire Vehicle trips

start in core, many drawn from bus, subwayQuestion: Before you began using ride hailing services, how did you typically make those trips?

2%

3%

12%

13%

43%

50%

Did not make trip

Bicycle

Car

Walk

Taxi or car service

Transit

All NYC

n = 639

Note: This question allowed for multiple selections, so the percentages do not add up to

100%

• 1-year cap on FHV registrations, except wheelchair-accessible vehicles, until August 2019

• New wage floor for FHV drivers

• Taxi and Limousine Commission (TLC) and NYC DOT studying longer-term solutions

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Regulating FHV industry to boost public welfare

• Strategies for --

• Shared Mobility

• Electric Vehicles

• Connected & Automated Vehicles

• Focus on near-term actions at local, state, and federal level, and with private partners

• Identify potential business models, government responses, incentives, and disincentives

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DOT Developing New Mobility Roadmap

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• 750 stations, 12,000 bikes: will grow

to 40,000 bikes in next several years

• 65 million trips since 2013 launch

• 150,000+ annual members

• Busiest day: 80,000 trips

• 7+ trips per bike on busy days

• No public subsidy

• Single contract with detailed

performance requirements

• Will add pedal assist e-bikes

NEW MOBILITY ROADMAP: SHARED

NYC Bike Share: Citi Bike System

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• Dockless pilot projects started 2018,

exploring expansion in 2019

NEW MOBILITY ROADMAP: SHARED

Expanding Bike Share City Wide

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• Scooter companies hope to come

to NYC

• City and State legislation to

legalize them has been introduced

• Legal framework pending

• Safety questions remain

NEW MOBILITY ROADMAP: SHARED

Scooters

• Pilot testing up to 300 on-street spaces in

14 neighborhoods and up to 300 off-

street spaces in DOT parking facilities to

carshare

• Require participating companies to

expand to underserved neighborhoods

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NEW MOBILITY ROADMAP: SHARED

Expanding Carsharing AccessCarshare Pilot

neighborhoods

Participating

DOT Parking

Facilities

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Challenge

• NYC ranks 38th out of 50 U.S. metros in public Electric

Vehicle (EV) charging

• Over 50% of car owners in NYC park on street at least

some of the time

Solution

• Partnership to implement 120 on-street L2 chargers

• Commitment to implement one DC fast charging hub

in each borough by 2019, with a strategy for 50

citywide

• Cooperation with MTA on electric bus deployment

NEW MOBILITY ROADMAP: ELECTRIC

Expanding EV Charging and EV Use

Connected Vehicle Pilot

Challenge:

• Connected vehicle (CV) technology has strong safety potential, but requires a high level of penetration in traffic system

• Manufacturers and federal government have not agreed on a single standardized system

Solution:

• USDOT-funded pilot of CV tech in midtown Manhattan and downtown Brooklyn

• 8,000 vehicles, 204 intersections

• Launching in 2019

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NEW MOBILITY ROADMAP: CONNECTED & AUTOMATED

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Connected

Electric

Shared

Accessible

• AVs should adapt to cities, not the other way around

• Focus on the transition: human drivers and AVs will likely need to co-exist for decades

• Advocate at state and federal level: cities should have a seat at the table in policy-making

• Data sharing: pursuing data sharing with companies that plan to test in NYC

• Labor impacts: begin a regional and national conversation on job loss

• New mobility services must supplement, not undermine,

transit, walking, and biking.

Automated

NEW MOBILITY ROADMAP: CONNECTED & AUTOMATED

Automated Vehicles: NYC Priorities

An Era of Big Challenges

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Transition to

Automated

Vehicles

Transition to

Automated

Vehicles

Automation

and

Job Loss

Automation

and

Job Loss

Climate

Change

Climate

Change

Pace of

Technological

Change

Pace of

Technological

ChangeEquity of

Mobility

Equity of

Mobility

Safety of All

Road Users

Safety of All

Road Users

CongestionCongestion

PrivacyPrivacy

Big Data

Overload

Big Data

Overload

Public and

Political Buy-In

Public and

Political Buy-InAdvancing

Social

Goals

Advancing

Social

Goals

THANK YOU

New York City Department of Transportation

www.nycdot.gov

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THANK YOU