Next Generation of Software Tools

Wall Wizard : DRYVIT

Achilles Karagiozis – Tony Stall – Peter Culyer-Roland Serino

Dryvit Systems IncOak Ridge National Laboratory

2

Presentation Layout

• Development Need

• Approach - Challenges

• Imbedded Needs

• Functionalities

• Conclusions

3

DEVELOPMENT NEED

Softwareneeded tobe simple

It had be toPracticalto solve real problems

It had to Includea Dumb proofapproachto avoidmiscreations

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TECHNOLOGY

• Powerful Hygrothermal tools have appeared

• Engineers & Architect lack training in BuildingScience (This translates in $$$$$$$ for all of u)

• Adoption cycles for new technology is very veryslow for building industry (5 to 20 years)

• A hygrothermal stick for comparison was non-existent

• MOISTURE ENGINEERING has MATURED (Ready)

Dr. Miller

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Approach: MOISTURE ENGINEERING

Inputs:

PHYSICS

MATERIALPROPERTIES

BOUNDARYCONDITIONS

NUMERICS

BUILDING SYSTEMSUB-SYSTEMExterior

Loads

Interior Loads

MOISTURE-EXPERT

3-DThermalDrainage/Tests

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Constraints: Make Complex ProcessS I M P L E

• At least 2-Dimensional Transient MODEL• Heat transport, vapor transport, liquid transport, air

transport• Capture natural convection, wind-driven rain, • Evaporation/condensation and freeze/thaw latent

transport,• Air Ventilation cavities, Drainage, Radiative exchange• Full functional dependencies of material properties• Hystersis or temperature dependencies• Solar radiation, night-time radiation exchange and

cloud interference.

Challenge: Never Done Before

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APPLICATION : WALL WIZARD

• EIFS Moisture Engineered Wall Systems

• Multiple assessment criteria− Three assessment elements

• Exterior/Interior Load Assessment• Energy Consumption Comparitor• Wall Wizard Selector

•Professional Report Document

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Inputs

MATERIAL LEVEL INPUTS

All hygrothermal material properties measured

• WVP (at two temperatures)

• Liquid Diffusivity (at two temperatures)

• Sorption & Suction Isotherms

• Thermal Conductivity measurements

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WATER VAPOR TRANSMISSION

10

BRICK SORPTION ISOTHERM

Red Brick23°C; Dried at 105°C

0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Relative Humidity, %

Moi

stur

e C

onte

nt, %

Sorption

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0.00

0.01

0.02

0.03

A B C D E F G H I

A, k

g/m

2 s0.5 T40 1-4

T23 1-4T40 7-10T23 7-10

LIQUID UPTAKE RESULTS

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System Level TestHOT BOX EIFS WALL

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HOT BOX RESULTSSteady-State R-ValueInterior Side Temp = 100°F; Exterior Side Temp = 50°F

12.0

12.5

13.0

13.5

14.0

90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160

Time

R-V

alue

(h•ft

²•°F/

Btu

)

R(wall) 4-HR. Avg. R 24-HR. Avg. R R(avg) R(avg)+1% R(avg)-1%

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NEXT STEP Numerous Architectural Components

Wall/Roof Intersection

Wall/Door Intersections

Wall/Window Intersections

Corner Intersections

Wall/Foundation Wall Intersection

Wall/Slab Intersection

Wall/Internal Partition IntersectionClear Wall

Wall/Floor Intersections

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3-D Thermal Analysis (Kosny)

WALL SYSTEM R-VALUES

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

clear wallcornerroof/wallfound/wallwind/sidewind/headwind/silldoor/sidedoor/headwhole wall

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3D to 2-D and 1-D Equivalent Wall Generator

3-D => 1-D

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3-D air flow & Drainage analysisBuilding Envelope System and Sub-systems

Quantify•• airflowairflow through walls•• drainagedrainage and retentionretention•• dryingdrying of drain space•• dryingdrying of stud space

(Dr. Straube& Karagiozis)

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Environmental Conditions

100 locations

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WALL WIZARD

20 locations

USA

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Wall Wizard & Environmental Loads

Canada (7 Locations)

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Software Launch

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Conclusions

• New Class of Wall Selection Wizard (Software)• Very Easy to Use• Most Moisture and Thermal Engineered Analysis

Available• Promotes innovative “Highly Energy Efficient wall

system” and has potential to reduce adoption time

• Optimizes the available expertise's (EXPERT SYSTEM)