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TECHNICAL SEMINAR

ON

NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATION

Department of Telecommunication Engineering

Seminar Co-ordinator:

Mrs. Ashwini S.R.M.Tech.Asst. Professor

Dept. of TC&E

Head Of Department

Prof. Amarappa S. M.Tech.(Ph.D)HOD

Dept. of TC&E

Presented by:-

Kumar Tushar

(4JN07TE026)

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NEAR FIELDCOMMUNICATION (NFC)

KUMAR TUSHAR

4JN07TE026

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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION.

ABSTRACT.

WHAT IS NFC.

WORKING.

COMMUNICATION MODE.CODINGAND MODULATION.

APPLICATIONS.

NFC USE CASES.

NFC REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE.

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES.

COMPARISON .

SECURITY ASPECTS.

ADDED VALUE SERVICES.

CO

NCLUSIO

N.

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Everyone usually dreams of technology gettingunified and where certain aspects of our lives will

be completely supported through a single

technology. Consumer electronics as

of today has become more

fast, multifunctional and

networked. Near Field Communication

(NFC) is the technology to

make our lives easier.

INTRODUCTION

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Near Field Communication (NFC) is

based on a short-range wireless

connectivity, designed for intuitive,simple and safe interaction between

electronic devices. It is a easy to use

wireless communication interface for last

few centimeters. It is easy to use target

selection by simply holding two devices

close to each other.

ABSTRACT

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WHAT IS NFC?

NFC is a short-range radio

technology that operates on the

13.56 MHz frequency, with data

transfers of up to 424 kilobitsper second.

NFC is based on RFID and itallows connectivity to be

achieved very easily over

distances of a few centimeters.

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NFC IS NOT A PROPRIETARY

TECHNOLOGY

NFC standards are defined by the NFC

Forum, a global consortium of hardware,

software/application, credit card companies,banking, network-providers.

First formed by NXP Semiconductors, Sony

and Nokia.

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Near-field communications (NFC) combines two

established technologies: Radio Frequency

Identification (RFID) tags, which are tiny chipswith built-in radios and Wireless Reader that picks

up the signals from the radios. The reader when

activated emits a short range radio Signal that powers

up a microchip on the tag, and allows for reading asmall amount of data that can be stored on the tag.

WORKING

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COMMUNICATION MODES

In reader/writer mode(mandatory), the NFC device iscapable of reading NFC Forum-mandated tag types, such as in the

scenario of reading an NFC SmartPoster tag.

NFC tags are passive devicesthat can be used to communicatewith active NFC devices(an activeNFC reader/writer)

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In Peer-to-Peer mode

(mandatory), two NFC devices can

exchange data. For example, you

can share Bluetooth or Wi-Fi link

set up parameters or you can

exchange data such as virtual

business cards or digital photos.

Peer-to-Peer mode is standardized

on the ISO/IEC 18092 standard.

COMMUNICATION MODES

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In Card Emulation mode (optional),

the NFC device appears to an external

reader much the same as a traditional

contactless smart card. This enables

payments and ticketing by NFC devices

without changing the existinginfrastructure.

COMMUNICATION MODES

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COMMUNICATION MODES

Applications

LLCP

(Logical Link

Control Protocol)

RTD

Record Type

Dfinition

&

NDEF

Data ExchangeFormat

Card

Emulation

(Smart Card

Capability

for MobileDevices)

RFLayer ISO 18092 + ISO 14443

Peer to Peer mode Read/write mode Card mulation mode

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MODES OF OPERATION

Two operation modes at different transfer speeds are

possible forNFC devices:-

Active mode

Passive mode

MODES OF OPERATION

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CODINGAND MODULATION

The distinction between active and passive devices

specifies the way data is transmitted.

Passive devices encode data always with Manchester

coding and a 10%ASK1.

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CODINGAND MODULATION

Active devices one distinguishes between the modified

Miller coding with 100% modulation if the data rate is 106

kbps, and the Manchester coding using a modulation ratio

of 10% if the data rate is greater than 106 kbps.

The modulation ratio using modified Miller coding is of

high importance for the security of the NFC data transfer.

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APPLICATIONS

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NFC USE CASES

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ANATOMY OF A CONTACTLESS API MIDlet

Let's now cover the elements of a typical mobile Java application (MIDlet) thatuses the Contactless Communication API looks. This is illustrated next where we

have the following typical elements:

1.The Java Runtime with JSR-257

Implementation.

2. The MIDlet application running

on a handset.

3. RFID/NFC transponder,controllers, and baseband.

4. A SIM card, as well as secure

and external elements.

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NFC REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE

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ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES

Disadvantages over Bluetooth Lesser data transfer speeds (max 848 kbps).

Shorter range (max 20 cm) than Bluetooth technology.

Upcoming Bluetooth 4.0 low energy protocol will be consuming even

lower power thanN

FC as of now. NFC alone does not ensure secure communications is vulnerable to data

modifications.

Advantages over Bluetooth Almost instant connection (around 1/10 seconds) in comparison to pairing

procedure of Bluetooth.

Low power consumption and could work (alternatively) even when one ofthe device is powerless .

NFC is compatible with existing passive RFID (13.56 MHz ISO/IEC18000-3) infrastructures.

Shorter range makes it suitable for crowded area with high interferences.

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HOW IS IT DIFFERENT FROM

RFID?

RFID and NFC use the same working standards but theadvantage ofNFC is that it combines the feature to readout and emulate RFID tags, and shares data betweenelectronic devices that both have active power (2-way communication).

NFC relies on direct magnetic coupling betweencomponents inside the communicating devices, ratherthan free space propagation of radio waves.

RFID is highly insecure for transactions andinformation can easily be corrupted unlike NFC.

NFC can be used to initiate Bluetooth and Wi-Fi butRFID cannot

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COMPARISONWITH OTHER TECHNOLOGIES

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SECURITY ASPECTS

Eavesdropping

Data destruction

Data modification

Data insertion Man in the middle attack

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USE CASE: PHONE IS LOST

Service provider

TSMMobile

operator

Customer

Ask for token (delegated management)

Ask applet installation via ISD (MNO centric model)

Tells phone has been lost

Tells Customer has new SIM Card

Service installation request after customer registration

Tells phone has been lost

Tells customer has new SIM Card

Services management & referral for SP

Install NFC services

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ADDED VALUE SERVICES

Exchange data, P2P.

Configuration (Bluetooth pairing).

Vending machines, service maintenance.

Loyalty, couponing.

NFC poster, get information.

Ticketing.

Medical, home care.

Web applications.Payment solution.

Access control.

Mobile signature.

Etc.

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THE FUTURE

Near field communications (NFC) has taken far longer to

get established than originally hoped for, but its fervent

backers anticipate a breakthrough next year.

Data rates of 848 kbps is beingdeveloped.

Highly secure applications are

being developed for payments.

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CONCLUSION

In the near future NFC will be the frontrunner

technology for data capture, data transfer and access

control applications. NFC technology continues toevolve and develop new applications. It is going to

bring revolution in mobile communications.

Consultants will continue to pitch the blue-sky potential of the technology .There will be a

significant spike in NFC activities in future.

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