NFPA 1670 (Global Proposal) [ ] 1670 (Global Proposal) [ ] ... The Technical Committee is looking to make all references in the document done ... FEMA National Urban Search and Rescue

NFPA 1670 (Global Proposal) [ ]

The various chapters within the 1670 document use a variety of styles to list and/or describe whichrequirements are necessary to meet the Awareness, Operations or Technician levels. Some simplyrefer to a chapter section by number (e.g. 1.1) while others refer to the number and name of thechapter (e.g. 1.1 XXXX ). In addition, some of the requirements are presented in paragraph formwhile others are listed in an ordinal fashion.

A consistent approach to listing any requirements would enhance the capability of the end user toassimilate, compare and process the information. The format used in Chapter 16 Wildernessappears to be the clearest in style and should be utilized as a template for all other applicablechapters.

Submitter Information Verification

Submitter Full Name: [ Not Specified ]

Organization: [ Not Specified ]

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date:

Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

The Technical Committee is looking to make all references in the document done in aconsistent format.

Public Comment No. 55-NFPA 1670-2015 [Global Input]

National Fire Protection Association Report http://submittals.nfpa.org/TerraViewWeb/ContentFetcher?commentPara...

1 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Second Revision No. 1-NFPA 1670-2016 [ Global Comment ]

New Proposed Chapter layout:

Chapter 1-Administration

Chapter 2-References

Chapter 3-Definitions

Chapter 4-General Requirements

Chapter 5-Rope Rescue

Chapter 6-Structural Collapse Search and Rescue

Chapter 7-Confined Space Search and Rescue

Chapter 8-Vehicle Search and Rescue

Chapter 9-Animal Technical Rescue

Chapter 10-Wilderness Search and Rescue

Chapter 11-Trench Search and Rescue

Chapter 12-Machinery Search and Rescue

Chapter 13-Cave Search and Rescue

Chapter 14-Mine and Tunnel Search and Rescue

Chapter 15-Helicopter Search and Rescue

Chapter 16-Surface Water Search and Rescue

Chapter 17-Swiftwater Search and Rescue

Chapter 18-Dive Search and Rescue

Chapter 19-Ice Search and Rescue

Chapter 20-Surf Search and Rescue

Chapter 21-Watercraft Search and Rescue

Chapter 22-Flood Search and Rescue

Chapter 23-Tower Search and Rescue


Submitter Full Name: Curt Floyd


Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Tue Mar 01 10:50:47 EST 2016

Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

The Technical Committee made these changes to attempt to correlate chapters closer toNFPA 1006.

Response Message:


2 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Public Comment No. 38-NFPA 1670-2015 [Global Input]


3 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


Eliminate anywhere in the document where is says MSDS and replace with chemical informationdocuments (i.e., SDS)



Organization: National Fire Protection Assoc

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

Committee Statement: Update with current language.

Response Message:


4 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


Please change the title of NFPA 1006 to "Standard for Technical Rescue Personnel ProfessionalQualifications" anywhere referenced in this document to reflect changes in the 2017 edition.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Wed May 04 11:48:49 EDT 2016

Committee Statement

Committee Statement: Updated title of referenced documents

Response Message:


5 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Second Revision No. 88-NFPA 1670-2016 [ Section No. 2.3.2 ]

2.3.2 U.S. Government Publications.

U.S. Government Printing Publishing Office, Washington, DC 20402 732 North Capitol Street, NW,Washington, DC 20401-0001 .

FEMA National Response Framework, 2008 2nd edition, 2013 .

FEMA National Urban Search and Rescue (US&R) Response System, 2003 2006 .

U.S. Coast Guard National Search and Rescue Committee, U.S. National Search and Rescue Plan, 2007.


Submitter Full Name: Sonia Barbosa


Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Tue May 17 10:13:52 EDT 2016

Committee Statement

Committee Statement: Updating edition.

Response Message:


6 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Second Revision No. 73-NFPA 1670-2016 [ New Section after 3.3.15 ]

3.3.16 Buoyancy Compensator (BCD).

Device worn by a diver containing a bladder that is inflated or deflated by the diver to manage theirbuoyancy while immersed in a liquid.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Fri Mar 18 08:47:39 EDT 2016

Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

In the process of better aligning with NFPA 1006 the Technical Committee has added thisdefinition in order to better conform to industry standard language.

ResponseMessage:


7 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


3.3.31 Dive.

An exposure to increased pressure whether underwater or in a hyperbaric chamber. Exposure of anindividual to a hyperbaric environment.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

In the process of better aligning with NFPA 1006 the Technical Committee has adjusted thisdefinition in order to better conform to industry standard language.

ResponseMessage:


8 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


3.3.32 Dive Profile.

Description and documentation of a diver’s potential or actual exposure to a hyperbaric environment,which includes depth, duration of exposure, and, where applicable, intervals between exposures, whichis intended to document and communicate the diver’s nitrogen load.

3.3.33 Dive Supervisor.

The member of a dive team who has the authority and expertise to manage and direct all aspects of thedive operation and has been trained to meet all nondiving job performance requirements oftechnician-level dive rescue as defined in NFPA 1006 .

3.3.34 Dive Tables.

Tools used to calculate a diver’s nitrogen loading based on depth, length of exposure to a hyperbaricenvironment, and intervals between exposures of an actual or a planned dive.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

In the process of better aligning with NFPA 1006 and to define specific terminology, the TechnicalCommittee has added or adjusted these definitions in order to better conform to industry standardlanguage.

ResponseMessage:


9 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


3.3.31 Dive Operation.

A situation requiring divers to complete an assigned task.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Tue Mar 22 19:23:27 EDT 2016

Committee Statement

Committee Statement: New and improve definitions better support new language elsewhere in the document.

Response Message:


10 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


3.3.35 Dive Team.

An organization of public safety divers and members in training. A collection of divers and trained supportpersonnel acting under the direction of a single team leader who are trained and equipped to actcollectively to achieve a subsurface mission using a common set of practices or guidelines.

3.3.36 Dive Tender.

A member of the dive team who is responsible for assisting divers with assembly and donning ofequipment, communicating with divers, tracking the diver’s status and location, and managingsubsurface search operations, and trained to meet all the job performance requirements ofoperations-level dive rescue as defined in NFPA 1006 .




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

In the process of better aligning with NFPA 1006 the Technical Committee has adjusted oradded these definitions in order to better conform to industry standard language.

ResponseMessage:


11 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


3.3.37 Diver.

An individual using breathing apparatus that supplies compressed breathing gas at the ambientpressure. exposed to a hyperbaric environment while using a compressed gas or supplied breathing gassystem.

3.3.37.1* 90 Percent Diver.

A diver who is dressed, equipped, and positioned to quickly enter the water and assume the role ofsafety diver or otherwise assist the operation as necessary.

3.3.37.2* Safety Diver.

A diver who is equipped and positioned to immediately submerge and lend assistance to a diver indistress or to engage in a search for a missing diver.

Supplemental Information

File Name Description

A.3.3.xx_Safety_Diver.docx Annex material for Safety Diver-new definition

Annex_for_90_Percent_Diver.docx Annex language for 90 Percent Diver




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

In the process of better aligning with NFPA 1006 the Technical Committee has adjusted oradded these definitions in order to better conform to industry standard language.

ResponseMessage:


12 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

A.3.3.xx

Safety Diver:

The intent is for this diver to be positioned in a manner so that they can be deployed to the location of

the submerged diver(s) as quickly as possible. This often requires the safety diver to be in the water with

all equipment, including facemask, donned and safety checked, neutral buoyancy established and

immediately ready to submerge upon receipt of the signal to deploy. The diver should be briefed in

advance of potential dive related emergencies and what action would be required in response. In some

cases the diver may need to be aboard a vessel or on the shore.

Annex for 90 Percent Diver

A.3.3.xx

The intent is for this diver to be fully dressed with the possible exception of their fins and face

mask, all safety checks performed and all necessary equipment to perform the intended mission

on hand. The 90 percent diver may be in the water or on the shore or vessel at the entry point.


3.3.52 FEMA Task Force Search and Rescue Marking System.

Distinct markings made with international orange spray paint near a collapsed structure's mostaccessible point of entry.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Thu Mar 03 11:02:41 EST 2016

Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

In the process of better aligning with NFPA 1006 the Technical Committee has deleted thisdefinition as it is a commonly known term and not necessary to the document.

ResponseMessage:

Public Comment No. 29-NFPA 1670-2015 [Section No. 3.3.46]


13 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


3.3.58 Grade Pole.

A wood or fiberglass pole, either cut to a certain length or provided with markings, used by workerswhen setting pipes on grade.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:


ResponseMessage:



14 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


3.3.66 Household Pet.

A domesticated animal, such as a dog, cat, bird, rabbit, rodent, or turtle, that is traditionally kept in thehome for pleasure rather than for commercial purposes, can travel in commercial carriers, and behoused in temporary facilities; thus, household pets do not include reptiles (except turtles), amphibians,fish, insects/arachnids, farm animals (including horses), and animals kept for racing purposes.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

Committee Statement: The Technical Committee felt that this definition not needed to define a common term.

Response Message:



15 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


3.3.70 Incident Commander.

The person who is responsible for all decisions relating to the management of the incident and is incharge of the incident site.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

The Technical Committee has removed this definition as it is common language and notnecessary to define terms in the document.

ResponseMessage:



16 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


3.3.69* Isolation System (or Isolation Devices) .

An arrangement of devices, including isolation devices, applied with specific techniques, that collectivelyserve to isolate a victim of a trench or excavation emergency from the surrounding product (e.g., soil,gravel, or sand).




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Wed Mar 02 10:35:24 EST 2016

Committee Statement

Committee Statement: To better match the same definition in 1006, the parenthetical information was removed.

Response Message:



17 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


3.3.74 Life Safety Harness.

A system component that is an arrangement of materials secured about the body and used to support aperson during rescue. An equipment item; an arrangement of materials secured about the body to supporta person. [ 1983, 2017]




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

Use NFPA 1983s definition as per Denver Task Group meeting in order to improvecorrelation with NFPA 1006.

ResponseMessage:



18 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


3.3.84* Minimum Primary Reserve Pressure.

Minimum permissible breathing gas pressure remaining in a SCUBA diver’s primary delivery system onreaching the surface and establishing positive buoyancy.



A.3.3.xx_Minimum_Primary_Reserve_Pressure.docxFor Annex language for Minimum Primary Reserve Pressure




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

In the process of better aligning with NFPA 1006 the Technical Committee has added thisdefinition in order to better conform to industry standard language.

ResponseMessage:


19 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Minimum Primary Reserve Pressure

A.3.3.xx

For the purposes of this document this is the pressure that reflects one-third of the entire rated

capacity of the total breathing gas available to the diver, in no case shall the established minimum

reserve pressure for the primary source of breathing gas be less than 500psi

Dive operations involve work in what is essentially a 100 percent IDLH environment all the

time. Ensuring that all divers plan their dives to maintain an adequate reserve to manage

unforeseen circumstances is key to safe dive operations.

The one third reserve shall be calculated in advance for specific sizes of the cylinders used by

the team by using the total volume of air, including any redundant air systems, adjusted for

the rated working pressure of the cylinders associated with the breathing gas systems. From

that calculation, determine the primary system pressure which would leave the diver with

approximately 1/3 the total volume in reserve. It is NOT the intent to calculate the reserve

pressure based on the actual pressure of the bottle at the start of the dive, but always with the

rated working pressure of the cylinder.

Examples:

Diver with only a standard 80 ft3 aluminum cylinder:

A diver equipped with standard aluminum 80 gets 80ft3 at 3000 psi

Since there is no RAS, the entire reserve 1/3 volume of 26.6 ft3 must be carried in the primary

system

(26.6 ft3 x 3,000 psi)/80 ft3 = 1000 psi Minimum Surface Reserve Pressure

Diver with a HP Steel and Pony bottle:

A diver is equipped with an 80ft3 primary cylinder with a working pressure of 3500psi and 21

ft3 redundant air system cylinder for a total 101 ft3. The diver needs to be on the surface with

approximately 33.6 ft3 to meet the 1/3. Subtract the 21 ft3 provided in the RAS cylinder leaves

12.6 ft3 required in the primary for a reserve

(12.6ft3 x 3500psi)/80ft3 = 472 psi.

Even though the calculated minimum surface reserve pressure is 472 pounds, the minimum

permissible breathing gas pressure is 500psi, so in this case the diver’s minimum primary

reserve pressure is 500 psi

Ensuring divers comply with the required minimum reserve pressure is often the biggest

challenge to agencies that perform public safety diving. Ensuring divers get adequate training

using the established limits, including calculating additional air required to perform the ascent

and relevant safety stops, is a key element to ensuring compliance. Training should be

conducted at depths and under conditions that simulate actual rescue environment while

performing mission specific work as often as possible so that divers can set proper

expectations about air consumption and exertion levels. Instances where divers violate the

minimum reserve pressure should be treated as a breach of policy and the contributing factors

documented to prevent recurrence. The AHJ is responsible to hold divers and supervisors

accountable for compliance with established limits.


3.3.89* Mine.

Underground series of tunnels and shafts used to obtain something from the soil through which they areexcavated.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

Denver TG decided not needed because the common definition would be used. Also neededfor correlation with NFPA 1006.

ResponseMessage:



20 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


3.3.103 Public Safety Diver.

An individual who performs public safety diving.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:


ResponseMessage:


21 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


3.3.110 Recumbent Animal.

An animal laying down.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:


ResponseMessage:


22 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


3.3.107* Redundant Air System.

An independent secondary underwater breathing system (i.e., a pony bottle with first and second stage ora pony bottle supplying a bailout block).

A system composed of a compressed breathing gas source, pressure gauge, primary and secondaryregulator, and a means of affixing the system to the diver so that it will not be dropped or dislodged; iscompletely independent of the diver's primary air system and is configured to be accessed without delaywhen the diver is under duress; and of sufficient capacity to permit the diver to ascend to the surface fromthe maximum recognized operational depth while complying with a prescribed ascent rate and anynecessary safety stops.



A.3.3.109_Redundant_Air.docx For new Annex language on Redundant Air A.3.3.109




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

In the process of better aligning with NFPA 1006 the Technical Committee has adjusted thisdefinition in order to better conform to industry standard language.

ResponseMessage:


23 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

A.3.3.109 Redundant Air (breathing gas) System

This system is typically configured with a “pony” bottle connected to a first and second stage

regulator which is then attached to the buoyancy compensator or strapped to the primary

cylinder. It is intended to provide a source of air that is independent from any failure in the

primary delivery system, as such it is not typically intended to be connected to the primary

system by a block or other device unless

1. The device is constructed with a feature that prevents the contents of the reserve

cylinder from free flowing out a breach in the primary delivery system, such as a

FFM.

2. The device is in ADDITION to an conventional second stage


3.3.121 Resource Assessment.

The component of the assessment phase that involves the determination for the need for additionalresources. Resource assessment can be ongoing throughout the entire incident.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:


ResponseMessage:


24 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


3.3.122 Resources.

All personnel and equipment that are available, or potentially available, for assignment to incidents.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:


ResponseMessage:


25 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


3.3.124 Risk.

A measure of the probability and severity of adverse effects that result from an exposure to a hazard.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:


ResponseMessage:


26 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


3.3.128 Rope-Based Mechanical Advantage System.

A rope rescue system component incorporating the reeving of rope through moving pulleys (or similardevices) to create mechanical advantage.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:


ResponseMessage:


27 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


3.3.124 Search Structural Marking System.

A separate and distinct building marking system used to identify and display information related to thelocation of a victim(s) structure identification, structure hazards evaluation, search assessment, and victimlocation .




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

The annex describing structural marking (Annex F in FR) is being completely replaced by as arethe terms used within the annex to describe structure identification marking, structure hazardsevaluation marking, search assessment marking, and victim location markings. The change to thisdefinition is to reflect the proposed changes in this annex.

ResponseMessage:



28 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Second Revision No. 32-NFPA 1670-2016 [ Sections 3.3.152, 3.3.153 ]

3.3.146 Technical Search and Rescue.

The application of special knowledge, skills, and equipment to safely resolve unique and/or complexsearch and/or complex rescue situations.

3.3.147* Technical Search and Rescue Incident.

Complex search and/or rescue incidents requiring specially trained specialized training of personnel andspecial equipment to complete the mission.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

These two definitions were revised to incorporate search, which matches the scope of thedocument. This change will also be suggested to 1006. This also removes "safely" from thedefinition.

ResponseMessage:

Public Comment No. 30-NFPA 1670-2015 [Sections 3.3.152, 3.3.153]


29 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


3.3.157 Termination.

That portion of incident management in which personnel are involved in documenting safety procedures,site operations, hazards faced, and lessons learned from the incident. Termination is divided into threephases: debriefing the incident, postincident analysis, and critiquing the incident.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:


ResponseMessage:


30 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


3.3.160 Testing.

The process by which the hazards that could confront entrants of a trench or excavation are identifiedand evaluated, including specifying tests that are to be performed in a trench or excavation.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:


ResponseMessage:


31 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


3.3.165* Trench Shoring.

A component or group of connected components, designed, constructed and installed in a trench toprevent collapse of the exposed walls of the excavation by applying pressure to the surroundingmaterials.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

In the process of better aligning with NFPA 1006 the Technical Committee has deleted thisdefinition including its Annex as it is a commonly known term and not necessary to thedocument.

ResponseMessage:


32 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


3.3.159* Wilderness.

A setting in which the delivery of services including search, rescue, and patient care by responsepersonnel is adversely affected by logistical complications, such as an environment that is physicallystressful or hazardous to the patient, response personnel, or both; remoteness of the patient's location,such that it causes a delay in the delivery of care to the patient; anywhere the local infrastructure hasbeen compromised enough to experience wilderness-type conditions, such as lack of adequate medicalsupplies, equipment, or transportation; remoteness from public infrastructure support services; poor to nomedical services or potable water; compromised public safety buildings, public utilities or communicationssystems; city, county, state , provincial, tribal, or national recreational areas or parks with mountains,trails; areas they define as wilderness.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

This revision incorporates types of recreation areas and/or parks that exist and were notaddressed in the previous version. It also makes the definition more applicable to an internationalaudience.

ResponseMessage:



33 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


3.3.171 Wire Rope.

Rope made of twisted strands of wire.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:


ResponseMessage:


34 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


4.1.13*

The AHJ shall comply with all applicable local, state, tribal, provincial, and federal laws.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

This revision addresses the applicability of the standard in countries other than the U.S. and intribal jurisdictions. Corrected spelling of "provincial"

ResponseMessage:



35 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


5.4.2*

Organizations operating at the technician level for rope rescue incidents shall develop and implementprocedures, commensurate with the identified needs of the organization, for the following:

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4) Understanding and applying Applying the principles of the physics involved in constructing roperescue systems, including system safety factors, critical angles, and the causes and effects of forcemultipliers

(5) Performing a high-angle rope rescue with a litter using tender(s) to negotiate obstacles, manipulate orposition the patient, or provide medical care while being raised and lowered




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

The Technical Committee felt that "understanding" was not an acceptable term for the team tobe evaluated on accomplishing. Replaced with "Applying" which can be evaluated or measured.

ResponseMessage:


* Accessing a patient using techniques that require rescuers to climb up or down natural or man-madestructures, which can expose the climber to a significant fall hazard

* Using rope rescue systems to move a rescuer and a patient along a horizontal path above anobstacle or projection

* Performing a high-angle rope rescue of a person suspended from, or stranded on, a structure orlandscape feature


36 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


11.2.3

Organizations operating at the awareness level at trench and excavation emergencies shall implementprocedures for the following:

(1) Recognizing the need for a trench and excavation rescue

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9) Making the rescue area safe, including the identification, construction, application, limitations, andinstallation of ground pads around the affected collapse or rescue area




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Tue Apr 19 14:17:04 EDT 2016

Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

The awareness level firefighter is allowed to approach the trench and make a non-entry extricationof non-injured or minimally injured individuals. If these firefighters can approach the edge of thetrench to accomplish these tasks, it would be beneficial and much safer if they were also allowed toplace ground pads around the trench. The process of learning and placing the ground pads is not acomplicated skill, and would make the area safer for incoming operations personal.

ResponseMessage:

Public Comment No. 27-NFPA 1670-2015 [New Section after 7.2.3]

* Identifying the resources necessary to conduct safe and effective trench and excavation emergencyoperations

* Initiating the emergency response system for trenches and excavations

* Initiating site control and scene management

* Recognizing general hazards associated with trench and excavation emergency incidents and theprocedures necessary to mitigate these hazards within the general rescue area

* Recognizing typical trench and excavation collapse patterns, the reasons trenches and excavationscollapse, and the potential for secondary collapse

* Initiating a rapid, nonentry extrication of noninjured or minimally injured victim(s)

* Recognizing the unique hazards associated with the weight of soil and its associated entrappingcharacteristics


37 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


6.3.3

Organizations operating at the operations level for structural collapse incidents involving light frameordinary construction and reinforced and unreinforced masonry construction shall develop and implementprocedures for the following:

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)



NFPA_1670_A.8.3.3_6_Ops_Shores.docx New Annex material showing Ops level shores

T_Shore.JPG Figure A.8.3.3(a) T Shore. For staff use.

Double_T_Shore.JPG Figure A.8.3.3(b) Double T Shore. For staff use.

Two_Post_Vertical_Shore.JPG Figure A.8.3.3(c) Two Post Vertical Shore. For staff use.

Multi_Post_Vertical_Shore.JPG Figure A.8.3.3(d) Multi Post Vertical Shore. For staff use.

Window-Door_Shore.JPG Figure A.8.3.3(e) Window-Door Shore. For staff use.

Horizontal_Shore.JPG Figure A.8.3.3(f) Horizontal Shore. For staff use.

Flying_Raker_Shore.JPG Figure A.8.3.3(g) Flying Raker Shore. For staff use.

Split_Sole_Raker_Shore.JPG Figure A.8.3.3(h) Split Sole Raker Shore. For staff use.

Solid_Sole_Raker_Shore.JPG Figure A.8.3.3(i) Solid Sole Raker Shore. For staff use.

Box_Cribbing.JPG Figure A.8.3.3(j) Box Cribbing. For staff use.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

Committee The Technical Committee added operational shore figures to the Annex to clarify what shores

* Sizing up existing and potential conditions at structural collapse incidents

* Recognizing unique collapse or failure hazards

* Conducting hasty primary and secondary search operations (low and high coverage) intended tolocate victims trapped on, inside, and beneath collapse debris

* Accessing victims trapped inside and beneath collapse debris

* Performing extrication operations involving packaging, treating, and removing victims trapped withinand beneath collapse debris

* Stabilizing the structure and performing rescue shoring operations in order to stabilize the structure,if necessary. using shores that include T shore, double T shore, two-post vertical shore, multiple-postvertical shore, door and window shore, horizontal shore, flying raker shore, split sole raker shore,solid sole raker shore, and box cribbing to make safe for rescue operations


38 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Statement: should be able to be constructed at the Operational Level.

ResponseMessage:


39 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

NFPA 1670 A.8.3.3(6)

Emergency shoring operations for urban search and rescue incidents is done in order to provide a safe

and efficient atmosphere while conducting trapped victim search and rescue operations. The intent is to

provide a relatively safe and reduced risk environment for both the victim and the trained rescue forces.

This includes the stabilization of any adjacent structure or object which may be affected by the initial

incident. Figures A.8.3.3(6)(a‐j) depict operation level shores that rescuers working at the operations

level should be able to construct and properly install. Those shores include; T Shore, Double T Shore,

Two Post Vertical Shore, Multiple Post Vertical Shore, Door & Window Shore, Horizontal Shore, Flying

Raker Shore, Split Sole Raker Shore, Solid Sole Raker Shore, and Box Cribbing stacks.

Add shore figures below;


6.4.3

Organizations operating at the technician level for structural collapse incidents for all types of constructionshall develop and implement procedures for the following:

(1) Evaluating existing and potential conditions at structural collapse incidents

(2) Recognizing unique collapse or failure hazards

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)



1670_Technician_Level_8.4.3.docx New Annex language for A.8.4.3(6)

Laced_Post_Shore.JPG Figure A.8.4.3(a) Laced Post Shore. For staff use.

Plywood_Laced_Post_Shore.JPG Figure A.8.4.3(b) Plywood Laced Post Shore. For staff use.

Sloped_Floor_Shore_Type_2.JPG Figure A.8.4.3(c) Sloped Floor Shore Type 2. For staff use.

Sloped_Floor_Shore_Type_3.JPG Figure A.8.4.3(d) Sloped Floor Shore Type 3. For staff use.

Double_Raker_Shore.JPG Figure A.8.4.3(e) Double Raker Shore. For staff use.

Flying_Shore.JPG Figure A.8.4.3(f) Flying Shore. For staff use.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

The Technical Committee has added diagrams in an Annex in order to depict what shores arescuer operating at the Technician level should be able to construct.

ResponseMessage:

* Conducting search operations intended to locate victims trapped inside and beneath collapse debris

* Accessing victims trapped inside and beneath collapse debris

* Performing extrication operations involving packaging, treating, and removing victims trapped withinand beneath collapse debris

* Stabilizing the structure and performing rescue shoring operations in order to stabilize the structureusing shores that include laced post shore, plywood laced post shore, sloped floor shores (Type 2and Type 3), double raker shore, and flying shore to make safe for rescue operations


40 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

1670 Technician Level 8.4.3(6)

Emergency shoring operations for urban search and rescue incidents is done in order to provide a safe

and efficient atmosphere while conducting trapped victim search and rescue operations. The intent is to

provide a relatively safe and reduced risk environment for both the victim and the trained rescue forces.

This includes the stabilization of any adjacent structure or object which may be affected by the initial

incident. Figures A.8.4.3(6)(a‐f) depict technician level shores that rescuers working at the technician

level should be able to construct and properly install. Those shores include; Laced Post Shore, Plywood

Lace Post Shore, Sloped Floor Shore Type 2, Sloped Floor Shore Type 3, Double Raker Shore, and Flying

Shore.


8.3.4

Organizations operating at the operations level for vehicle emergencies shall develop and implementprocedures for the following:

(1)

(2) Identifying probable victim locations and survivability

(3)

(4)

(5) Protecting a victim during extrication or disentanglement

(6) Packaging a victim prior to extrication or disentanglement

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10) Procuring and utilizing the resources necessary to conduct vehicle search and rescue operations

(11) Maintaining control of traffic at the scene of vehicle search and rescue incidents




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

In the attempt to correlate with NFPA 1006 from the Denver meeting, the definition regardingthe term "common passenger vehicle" needed to be edited.

ResponseMessage:


* Sizing up existing and potential conditions at vehicle search and rescue incidents

* Making the search and rescue area safe, including identifying and controlling the hazards presentedby the vehicle, its position, or its systems

* Identifying, containing, and stopping fuel release

* Accessing victims trapped in a typical vehicle commonly found in the jurisdiction

* Performing extrication and disentanglement operations involving packaging, treating, and removingvictims trapped in a typical vehicle common passenger vehicle, or other types of vehicles asidentified by the AHJ as being commonly found in the jurisdiction, through the use of hand and powertools.

* Mitigating and managing general and specific hazards associated with vehicle search and rescueincidents that involve common passenger vehicles or other vehicles typically found in the jurisdiction.


41 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


8.4.2

Organizations operating at the technician level for vehicle emergencies shall develop and implementprocedures for the following:

(1) Evaluating existing and potential conditions at vehicle search and rescue incidents

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5) Using specialized outside resources, including heavy equipment




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

Intended to align this section with the proposed language for the NFPA operationssection.

Response Message:


* Performing extrication and disentanglement operations involving packaging, treating, and removingvictims injured or trapped in vehicles that large commercial or industrial vehicles or any vehicles thatpresent unique, complex, exotic, or unfamiliar hazards or extrication challenges

* Stabilizing in advance of unusual vehicle technician-level vehicle search and rescue situations

* Using all specialized search and rescue equipment immediately available and in use by theorganization


42 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


18.4.2

Organizations operating at the technician level for dive rescue shall apply the requirements of Section16.4 8.4 in (technician–level surface water rescue) in a manner consistent with the mission anticipatedconditions of the agency and anticipated conditions in their response area. rescue environment.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

Committee Statement: The Technical Committee has edited the language to better describe intent,

Response Message:



43 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


18.4.6

Prior to engaging in subsurface operations, any organization operating at the technician level at diverescue incidents shall make provisions for the following functions whenever divers are in the water, andthese functions shall be exclusive of other duties such as supervision, surface support, and standbyresources:whenever divers are in the water, including the following

(1)

(2) Designating a dive tender who is responsible for assisting divers with assembly and donning ofequipment, communicating with divers, tracking their location, and managing subsurface searchoperations and who has been trained to meet all the job performance requirements ofoperations-level dive rescue as defined in NFPA 1006

(3)

(4)




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

Clearly indicates that the individuals fulfilling those functions will have no other duties thatwould detract from their ability to perform the related tasks.

ResponseMessage:


* Designating an on-site dive supervisor who has the authority to manage all aspects of the diveoperation and has been trained to meet all nondiving job performance requirements oftechnician-level dive rescue as defined in NFPA 1006

* Designating a safety diver who is equipped and positioned to immediately submerge and lendassistance to a diver in distress or to engage in a search for a missing diver

* Designating a 90% 90 percent diver who is equipped and positioned to quickly enter the water andassume the role of safety diver if necessary


44 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


18.4.7

The agency shall ensure that the following equipment is present at the dive site and readily available priorto engaging in subsurface activities:

(1) Medical oxygen and related delivery equipment

(2) Backboard or other device suitable for the movement of a nonambulatory diver

(3) Means of summoning aid without leaving the dive site

(4) Dive A dive flag or float readily visible from 360 degrees of approach to in areas subject to vesseltraffic readily visible to vessels approaching the dive location

(5) Copy of the agency’s dive emergency response plan

(6) Audible signaling device

(7) Means of immediately recording required information relating to each diver’s status and dive profile ina manner that is readily communicated or transferred to other members of the team or medicalprofessionals




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

Committee Statement: The changes more comprehensively and accurately convey the intent of Committee.

Response Message:



45 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


18.4.8

Organizations operating at the technician level at dive incidents shall develop and implement proceduresfor performing public safety scuba diving, including the following:

(1)

(2) Applying an understanding of physics and physiology as they relate to the diver, diver-relatedemergencies, and the underwater environment

(3)

(4) Identifying and evaluating underwater environments and conditions to which the public safety divercould be exposed

(5) Identifying and managing the hazards posed by underwater plants and animals

(6) Conducting and supervising dive operations, including planning a dive based on projected depths,bottom times, and available air supply for a particular mission

(7)

(8)

(9) Recognizing and managing the impact of near-drowning in cold water

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

(16)

(17) Using positive connection systems such as chest harnesses and tending lines with quick-releaseconnectors when the use of such systems does not compromise the safety of the diver

(18)


* Managing a diver’s air breathing gas supply and bottom time so that upon on reaching the surfacethe diver has a minimum of reserve pressure that reflects one third of the entire rated primary airsupply in reserve capacity of the total primary breathing gas available to the diver and in no caseallowing the established minimum reserve pressure for the primary source of breathing gas to be lessthan 500 psi.

* Applying dive tables or other methods designated by the AHJ that use a diver’s bottom time anddepth to determine his/her level of hyperbaric exposure, including the use of letter group designators,any potential decompression obligation, and the ability to perform repetitive dives

* Identifying, selecting, and implementing standardized techniques to perform and track the progressof a search that is consistent with the mission of the agency and anticipated conditions that might beencountered in their response area

* Using recognized tools, such as a field neurological exam, to identify divers who are experiencingdive-related maladies, including psychological and physiological stress, air embolism, anddecompression sickness

* Identifying, selecting, and implementing standardized methods of communicating between asubmerged diver and the surface so that the diver can immediately summon help, be recalled to thesurface, directed in a search pattern, and warned of imminent hazards

* Utilizing redundant and alternative air sources and techniques during low-air or out-of-airemergencies

* Using full-body encapsulation equipment, including dry suits, dry hoods, and dry gloves, with afull-face mask as required by the AHJ, to protect divers from cold or potentially contaminated water

* Rescuing an entangled diver

* Performing pre- and post-entry medical monitoring of divers

* Recovering evidence, including locating, securing, and packaging evidence, documenting andmaintaining the chain of custody, and documenting the scene

* Implementing standardized contingency procedures from the agency’s dive emergency responseplan for rescue operations in the event of primary diver injury, entrapment, loss of communication,and/or disconnect

* Using standardized written checklists to verify the condition, proper configuration, and operation of adiver’s equipment before he/she enters the water


46 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


Annex_Material_A.13.4.8_11_.docx It is amended Annex for A.13.4.8(1) not (11)

SR-47_13.4.8_leg_changes.docx SR tripped up. Only change is to (1). For staff use.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

Clarifies the 1/3 rule incorporated into the first draft to include the potential volume of gas thatmight be contained in a redundant air system.

ResponseMessage:



47 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Annex Material: Current Language

A.13.4.8(11) A diver running out of air for any reason is an immediately life-threatening event. Practices and tools that

address this possibility are vital to the survival of public safety divers. Ideally each diver has a redundant

air system, complete with a separate air source and independent delivery system. Training on associated

techniques to provide buoyancy when the diver has no compressed air in his/her bottle should also be

included.

Add the sentence

"See 3.x.x for the definition of a Redundant Air System and related descriptive annex material"


18.4.12*

The AHJ shall ensure that all diving members of the organization complete a subsurface task utilizingtools and tactics identified by the AHJ as consistent with the mission of the team under conditionsrepresentative of the rescue environment no less than 4 times over 12 months.



SR-48_A.13.4.12.docx




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

Many organizations that train, certify or re-certify public safety divers require at least 6 divesper year this section outlines a minimum.

ResponseMessage:



48 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

SR‐48, New annex material

A.13.4.12

It is the intent that divers in the organizations perform approximately one dive per quarter performing

functions in the scope of work of the team and filling roles typically utilized when deploying in

accordance with the teams operating guidelines or best practices. This is meant to be in additional to

dives focused on personal skills or comfort in the water. Dives performed at actual incidents may be

counted towards the 4 annual dives.

.


19.3.4

For personnel operating in the hazard zone at an ice search and rescue incident, the minimum PPEprovided shall include the following:

(1) Personal flotation device (PFD) or other PPE designed with inherent buoyancy intended for use in theice rescue environment

(2) Thermal protection

(3) Whistle or audible signaling device

(4) Ice awls/picks




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

Ice picks provide a basic self rescue capability for a rescuer that may have broken throughthe ice.

Response Message:



49 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Second Revision No. 50-NFPA 1670-2016 [ Section No. 17.1.2.2 ]

14.1.2.2*

The requirements of the confined space chapter shall not apply to underground structures andexcavations addressed in this chapter. The requirements of 7 , Confined Space Search and Rescue,shall not apply to the basic underground structures and excavations addressed in this chapter but shall berelevant to equipment or spaces found inside the structure or excavation.



SR-50_A.17.1.2.2.docx




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

Tunnel under construction in particular often have spaces such as locks, vessels, cutter heads andother areas that meet the definition of a confined space entry which may need to entered bypersons working in the tunnel. In such cases the actual entry operation inside the tunnel wouldrequire meeting the relevant regulations or standards.

ResponseMessage:

Public Comment No. 41-NFPA 1670-2015 [Section No. 17.1.2.2]


50 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


14.2.4

Individuals of the organization expected to perform functions at the awareness level shall meet thecompetencies prescribed at the awareness level in Chapter 14, Mine and Tunnel of Rescue of NFPA1006 .




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

Committee Statement: Added language in order to correlate with NFPA 1006.

Response Message:



51 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Second Revision No. 52-NFPA 1670-2016 [ New Section after 17.3 ]

14.3.4

Individuals in the organization expected to perform functions at the operations level shall meet thecompetencies prescribed at the operations level in Chapter 14, the Mine and Tunnel Rescue, of NFPA1006 .




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

The Technical Committee added this section to better articulate intent of the trainingcompetencies.

Response Message:

Public Comment No. 43-NFPA 1670-2015 [New Section after 17.3]


52 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM



53 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

14.3.3


54 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Organizations operating at the operations level shall develop and implement procedures for the following:

(1)

(2) Protecting personnel from hazards within the mine and tunnel

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9) Transferring victim information, including location, surroundings, condition when found, presentcondition, and other pertinent information to emergency medical services personnel

(10) Planning and implementing a mine and tunnel rescue operation

(11)

(12) Controlling all identified entry points to the mine/tunnel to prevent unauthorized entry and accounting

* Sizing up existing and potential conditions at mine and tunnel emergencies

* Ensuring that personnel are capable of managing the physical and psychological challenges thataffect rescuers entering mines and tunnels

* Identifying the duties of the entry team, backup team, and search and rescue team leader

* Monitoring continuously, or at frequent intervals, the atmosphere in all parts of the space to beentered for oxygen content, flammability (LEL/LFL), and toxicity, in that order

* Providing an approved means of emergency egress respiratory protection with no less than a30-minute-rated service life that is immediately available to each member of the organization enteringa tunnel under construction or related excavation, regardless of the reason for entry or whether anatmospheric hazard is detected or suspected where no immediate atmospheric hazard has beenidentified

* Performing entry-type rescues into mines and tunnels meeting all of the following specific qualifyingcharacteristics:

(a) Where the space has been previously surveyed by all team members who might need to enterthe space as part of the rescue operation

(b) Where a written pre-entry plan for the space is in place and is on site that clearly defines theconditions under which the team can enter that specific space

(c) Where a written rescue plan is in place and on site that specifically defines the types of incidentsthat might occur in the space and the expected actions of the rescue team for each incident

(d) Where all members who could be expected to enter the tunnel as part of the rescue plan willhave physically practiced the elements of the rescue plan in the actual space or a representativespace

(e) Where the known or suspected hazards for the specific incident are exclusive of any risksattributed to the tunnel environment itself such as fire, hazardous atmosphere, or potentialcollapse

(f) Where there are no known or anticipated conditions that would require deviation from the criteriaestablished in the entry and pre-rescue plan

(g) Where conditions on the worksite or in the tunnel have not changed beyond the scope of thoseidentified in the most recent entry and pre-rescue plan

(h) Where the internal configuration of the space is clear and unobstructed and rescue can beeffected without possibility of entanglement

(i)

(j)

(k)

(l) Where specific criteria for suspending or terminating an entry or rescue operation are clearlyidentified to all members

(m) Where contingencies for emergencies during the entry or rescue operation are provided for, suchas areas of refuge or intervention methods

* Where rescuers can pass easily through the access/egress opening(s) with room to spare whenPPE is worn in the manner recommended by the manufacturer

* Where the space can accommodate two or more rescuers in addition to the victim

* Where a previously developed hazard control plan is in place and all identified hazards havebeen controlled in accordance with the plan

* Using victim packaging devices that could be employed in mine and tunnel rescue

* Selecting, constructing, and using a rope-lowering and -raising system in the high-angleenvironment


55 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

for all rescuers who might enter the space.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

Better articulates the requirement - Clarifies intent – to provide protection from UNANTICIPATEDhazards. If an atmospheric hazard was identified rescuers would be wearing or using SCBA/ PPE.other change identifies that emergency contingencies are for the rescue team

ResponseMessage:



56 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Second Revision No. 16-NFPA 1670-2016 [ Section No. 17.4.2.1 ]

14.4.2.1*

A backup team with similar size and capabilities as the entry team shall be immediately available tointervene on behalf of the entry team.



SR-16_A.17.4.2.1.docx




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

Committee Statement: The Technical Committee added Annex language to help articulate intent.

Response Message:

Public Comment No. 56-NFPA 1670-2015 [Section No. 17.4.2.1]


57 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

SR‐16, new annex material

A.17.4.2.1

Depending on the size of the space, its configuration and associated travel distances, it may be more beneficial to have all or a portion of the backup team positioned inside the space at a fresh air base or forward staging area.

Second Revision No. 54-NFPA 1670-2016 [ Section No. 17.4.2.2 [Excluding any

Sub-Sections] ]

The need for egress-only respiratory protection identified in 14.3.3(6) shall be considered satisfied formembers of an entry team who have selected and donned appropriate duration SCBA atmosphere-supplying respirators identified by the AHJ for use in the mine or tunnel environment as part of an entryplan to enter a space with a recognized atmospheric hazard, provided the conditions of 14.4.2.5 and14.4.2.6 have been met.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

Committee Statement: The Technical Committee has added language to clarify the intent.

Response Message:

Public Comment No. 57-NFPA 1670-2015 [Section No. 17.4.2.2 [Excluding any Sub-Sections]]


58 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Second Revision No. 55-NFPA 1670-2016 [ New Section after 17.4.2.4 ]

14.4.2.4.1*

All team members shall be aware of prescribed action levels for specific contaminants or atmosphericconditions.



A.17.4.2.3.1.docx New Annex language for 17.4.2.3.1




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

The Technical Committee added this section due to the importance of identifying the actionlevels required for certain hazards.

ResponseMessage:

Public Comment No. 58-NFPA 1670-2015 [New Section after 17.4.2.4]


59 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

A.17.4.2.3.1

Tunnel under construction in particular have specific action levels for particular contaminants such as

methane which might vary from more conventional action levels for atmospheric hazards.


9.3.2

Organizations performing animal rescue for animals not readily accessible shall meet all requirements ofSections 5.3(operations level for rope rescue),6.3 (operations level for structural collapse search andrescue), 9.2, and 9.3.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

The Technical Committee found that as written, the section created an unnecessaryrequirement to meet the structural collapse standard and so deleted that portion.

ResponseMessage:



60 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


9.3.4

Organizations operating at the operations level for animal rescue incidents shall, commensurate with theidentified needs of the organization, develop and implement procedures for the following:

(1) Identifying hazards to rescuers posed by the animal (perform risk assessment)

(2) Identifying behavioral body posture cues to determine the disposition of the animal

(3) Creating an improvised restraint device (to include an improvised muzzle) to establish physicalrestraint/control of an animal, both ambulatory and nonambulatory

(4) Identifying appropriate attachment points to the animal and appropriate positioning of the animal forextrication with minimal injury to the animal and responders

(5) Using a harness, halter, leash, webbing, sack, or cage, whether improvised, custom, or commerciallymanufactured, to assist in the movement of an ambulatory animal from one stable location to anotherin a low-angle environment

(6) Using an animal packaging device or system to move a recumbent animal from one stable location toanother in a low-angle environment

(7) Performing a low-angle and high-angle lower and raise of an animal using an improvised, custom, orcommercially manufactured system, to include safely accessing, managing, and packaging thepatient

(8) Recognizing when chemical restraint is needed or contraindicated and requesting if needed

(9) In rescues from soil or other adhesive material environments, recognizing the need to alleviatesuction on an animal's limbs

(10) Using behavioral cues and “fight or flight” or “tipping point” behavior characteristics to assist in arescue

(11) Using containment techniques for animals that cannot be immediately handled or which requiregreater control and attention to behavior

(12) Using a ladder to access animals from a location below or above grade

(13) Using auxiliary equipment to facilitate the safe placement of rescue devices on the animal

(14) Constructing and operating a portable high-point anchor system

Performing animal decontamination as a component of a rescue from sewers, canals, or otherhazards, with recognition of hazmat issues

(15) Understanding Mitigating the hazards to animals and responders in trailer extrication and whether itmeets the definition of a confined space




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement


61 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

CommitteeStatement:

The Technical Committee felt that the section unnecessarily narrowed the scope of the item - tomaintain it required further enumerating other options. Also the section stipulated requirementsoutside the scope of the committee. Thus the following changes were made.

ResponseMessage:




62 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


9.4.2

Organizations performing animal rescue at the technician level for animals not readily accessible shallmeet all requirements of Sections 5.4 (technician level for rope rescue), 6.4 (technician level forstructural collapse search and rescue), 9.2, 9.3, and9.4.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

The Technical Committee removed portions of this section as it provides a potentiallyunnecessary and costly training requirement which is already qualified in a different section.

ResponseMessage:



63 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


9.4.5

Organizations operating at the technician level for animal rescue incidents shall develop and implementprocedures, commensurate with the identified needs of the organization, for the following:

(1) Using a designed and tested harness device designed for animals and extended use in thehigh-angle environment to include helicopter rescue

(2) Performing a high-angle rope rescue of an animal suspended from, or stranded on, a structure orlandscape feature

(3) Using rope rescue systems to move an animal along a horizontal path above an obstacle orprojection

(4) Understanding and applying Applying the principles of the physics involved in constructing roperescue systems, including system safety factors, critical angles, and the causes and effects of forcemultipliers

(5) Performing a high-angle rope rescue with an animal litter or sling system using tender(s) to negotiateobstacles or manipulate or position the animal

(6) Moving an animal packaged in an animal litter or sling system up and over an edge during a raising orvertical lift operation with a rope system

(7) Understanding Mitigating all dynamic loads associated with animal behaviors in a rope rescuesystem, and recognizing small livestock and smaller animals will be within the two-person rescueload normally used for human rescue

(8) Performing helicopter rescue with a specifically designed and tested extended designed extended liftharness




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

"Understanding" in items 4 and 7 are difficult to demonstrate... changing 4 to 'applying' can bedemonstrated... changing 7 to 'mitigating' can be demonstrated. Unaware of testing standards foranimal lift therefore the TC removed.

ResponseMessage:



64 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Second Revision No. 57-NFPA 1670-2016 [ Section No. A.3.3.116 ]

A.3.3.119 Rescue Shoring.

This is done to provide a safe atmosphere while conducting trapped victim search and rescueoperations, which reduces risk to victims as well as the trained rescuers. This includes the stabilizationof any adjacent structure or object that could be affected by the initial incident.

The two levels of shoring are as follows;

Operations Level Shoring — Specific shores that rescuers working at the operations level of thisdocument should be able to construct and properly install;

T Shore, Double T shore, 2-Post Vertical Shore, Multiple Post Vertical Shore, Door and WindowShore, Horizontal Shore, Flying Raker Shore, Split Sole Raker Shore, Solid Sole Raker Shore,Laced Post Shore, Plywood Laced Post Shore, Cribbing.

Technician Level Shoring — Specific shores that rescuers working at the technician level of thisdocument should be able to construct and properly install, which includes all operations-levelshores as well as Sloped Floor Shores, Type 2 and Type 3 Shores, Double and Triple RakerShores, Flying Raker Shores, and any combination of shores designed by a structural engineer.

In addition to shores constructed of wood, pneumatic and mechanical shoring systems can be utilized ateither training level.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Thu Mar 17 10:44:08 EDT 2016

Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

The Technical Committee deleted section A. 3.3.116. This material is now set into section A.8.3.3 (6) with new material and graphics

ResponseMessage:

Public Comment No. 37-NFPA 1670-2015 [Section No. A.3.3.116]


65 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Second Revision No. 79-NFPA 1670-2016 [ Section No. A.12.2.2(7) ]

A.22.2.2(7)

(To be completed) Limitations of response




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

Committee Statement: This Annex section was deleted by staff as it was not finished in draft.

Response Message:


66 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


A.22.2.2(8)

(To be completed) Information management




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

Committee Statement: This Annex section was deleted by staff as it was not finished at draft.

Response Message:


67 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


A.22.2.2(9)

To be completed) Floods have long-term consequences for those affected. Responding organizationsshould be aware of the impact — often for extended periods — on the following areas:

(1) Social

(2) Economic

(3) Political




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

Committee Statement: This Annex section language "to be completed" was deleted by staff.

Response Message:


68 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


A.22.2.2(10)

(To be completed) Search marking systems need to be usable in the flood environment, and the structuralcollapse marking systems might not be easy to implement for some of the following reasons:

(1) Varying water levels can hide markings during follow-up search activities.

(2) Paint- and poster-based systems can be difficult to apply reliably in wet conditions or to wet surfaces.

(3) Buildings and structures might be re-occupied after search activities, and marking systems canadversely affect the cost to return the building to normal use.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

Committee Statement: This Annex section language "To be completed" was deleted by staff.

Response Message:


69 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Second Revision No. 83-NFPA 1670-2016 [ Section No. A.12.3.5 ]

A.22.3.5

(To be completed) Flood incidents will often include a range of water environments, from shallow stillwater to high- energy, high- volume water environments. Organizations responding at the operations levelshould. (To be completed)




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

Committee Statement: This Annex language was deleted by staff.

Response Message:


70 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Second Revision No. 84-NFPA 1670-2016 [ Sections A.12.3.7(1), A.12.3.7(2) ]

A.22.3.7(1)

(To be completed) Identify floodwater characteristics

A.22.3.7(2)

(To be completed) Operate surface support equipment




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

Committee Statement: This Annex language was deleted by staff as it was not completed at draft.

Response Message:


71 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


A.22.3.7(4)

(To be completed) In flood-affected areas, the usual signs, aids, and routes used to move through thearea might be difficult or impossible to use. Responders should be able to navigate and report theirposition using a range of aids such as maps, aerial photographs, and GPS systems.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

Committee Statement: This Annex language "To be completed" was deleted by staff.

Response Message:


72 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Second Revision No. 86-NFPA 1670-2016 [ Sections A.12.3.7(5), A.12.3.7(6), A.12.4.4,

A.12.4.4(2), A... ]

A.22.3.7(5)

(To be completed) Sources of contamination

A.22.3.7(6)

(To be completed)

A.22.4.4

(To be completed) Operate in higher risk, difficult, or complex flood environments

A.22.4.4(2)

(To be completed) Search operations

A.22.4.4(3)

(To be completed) Extrication and rescue

A.22.4.4(4)

(To be completed) Transport




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

CommitteeStatement:

The Annex language for these sections was deleted by staff as they were not completed atdraft.

Response Message:


73 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


A.18.4.8(18) Pete Gannon’s Checklist.

See Figure A.18.4.8(18).

Figure A.18.4.8(18) Pete Gannon’s Dive Checklist. (Source: Dive Rescue International.)




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

Committee Statement: Updated title.

Response Message:


74 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


A.14.4.3(9)

See A.7.4.3(2) materials, typically no smaller than 39 in. (1 m) in diameter and within 20 degrees ofhorizontal. The health and safety regulations regarding the construction of tunnels apply to all. See3.3.155 for the definition of tunnel. Also See Annex G .




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Wed May 11 10:32:41 EDT 2016

Committee Statement

Committee Statement: Corrected the annex language for list item (9).

Response Message:


75 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


A.18.3.5(7)

Darkness or unusual or extreme environmental conditions can require very specialized dive and/orsurface support training specific to the situation(s) encountered. (See A.10.5.6.1 for some specialtyexamples.)




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Fri May 20 14:32:17 EDT 2016

Committee Statement

Committee Statement: Deleted reference to examples because section language was self-explanatory.

Response Message:


76 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Second Revision No. 56-NFPA 1670-2016 [ Chapter F ]

Annex F Structural Marking Systems

This annex is not a part of the requirements of this NFPA document but is included for informationalpurposes only.

Annex F is extracted from the Army Corps of Engineers.

F.1 General.

One of the initial strategic concerns for personnel is the need to analyze the structure(s) involved in anycollapse situation. This is especially true where there is more than one structure involved, as in cases ofdevastating earthquakes, hurricanes, or other natural or man-made disasters. The determination of thecondition of the structure, hazards, and occupancy prior to the event will affect the overall search andrescue strategy.

A uniform building marking system has been developed by the FEMA National US&R ResponseSystem. There are 4 categories of FEMA US&R Markings:

(1) Structure Identification Marking

(2) Structure/Hazards Evaluation Marking

(3) Search Assessment Marking

(4) Victim Location Marking

The building marking system was established to ensure:

(1) Differentiation of structures within a geographic area.

(2) The structural condition and status of rescue operations within the structure are communicated.

Identification markings on structures may be made with International Orange spray paint (orconstruction crayon), placed on the building surface. In the case of hurricanes where many structuresare involved, a system using a "Stick-on" Label should be used. Markings should be placed on normaladdress side of the structure.


77 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

F.2 Structure Identification Marking Within a Geographic Area.


78 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Structure identification within a geographic area is used to differentiate buildings by groups, such as byblock(s) or jurisdictional area. It is imperative that personnel clearly identify each structure within ageographic area. This identification will assist both in the specific ongoing search and rescue effort andthe long-term, post disaster identification of the site.

International orange spray paint or construction crayon is used to mark buildings with their streetnumber so that personnel can differentiate one building from another. Existing numbers should be usedto fill in any unknown numbers. If all numbers are unknown, arbitrary numbers can be used (odd andeven used on opposite sides of the street). The primary method of identification should include theexisting street name, hundred block, and building number. Such identification is not always possible dueto post disaster conditions. [See Figure F.2(a) .]

If at all possible, the existing street name and building number will be used. If some numbers have beenobliterated, an attempt should be made to reestablish the numbering based on nearby structures. If nonumbers are identifiable on a given block, rescue personnel will assign and identify the street name andnumbers based on other structures in the proximity. The structures should then be numbered todifferentiate them (using paint or crayon).

Figure F.2(a) Structure Identification Marking System Within a Geographic Area.

It is also important to identify locations within a single structure. The address side of the building is sideA. Other sides of the structure are assigned alphabetically in a clockwise manner from side A aroundthe building. [See Figure F.2(b) .]

Figure F.2(b) Structure Identification Marking System Within a Geographic Area — Sides of aSingle Structure.

The interior of the structure can be divided into quadrants. The quadrants are identified alphabetically ina clockwise manner starting from where the side A and side B perimeter meet. The center core, whereall four quadrants meet is identified as quadrant E (i.e., central core lobby, etc.). [See Figure F.2(c) .]

Figure F.2(c) Structure Identification Marking System Within a Geographic Area — Quadrantsof a Single Structure.

Multistory buildings must have each floor clearly identified. If not clearly discernable, the floors should


79 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

be numbers as referenced from the exterior. The grade (or street) level floor is designated floor 1, andmoving upward the second floor would be floor 2, etc. Conversely, the first floor below grade (or street)level would be B-1, the second B-2, etc. For buildings where the street slopes, all at the incident mustbe informed as to which level will be called the first floor. [See Figure F.2(d) .]

Figure F.2(d) Structure Identification Marking System Within a Geographic Area — Floors in aSingle Structure.

If a structure contains a grid of structural columns, they should be marked with 2 foot high, orangeletters/numbers to further identify enclosed areas. If plans are available, use the existing numberingsystem. If plans are not available, letter the columns across the long side (side A in the example)starting from the left, and number the columns along the short side (side B in this example) starting fromthe front, side A. The story level should be added to each marked column, and be placed below thecolumn locator mark. Example: “FL-2” = Floor 2. [See Figure F.2(e) .]

Figure F.2(e) Structure Identification Marking System Within a Geographic Area — ColumnGrid Layout.

F.3 Structure/Hazards Evaluation Marking.


80 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

This system is designed to identify specific hazards associated with any collapsed structure. Personnelshould be cognizant of the nationally accepted marking system and should be proficient in the use of thesystem.

After performing a building hazard identification, the responder makes a 2 ft × 2 ft (0.6 m × 0.6 m)square box on the building adjacent to the most accessible point of entry into any compromisedstructure. Paint sticks, lumber crayons or international orange aerosol spray paint can be used for thismarking system. Peel and stick labels or stiff paper placards may be used to avoid paint damage. It isimportant that an effort is made to mark all normal entry points (side A if possible) to a building underevaluation to ensure that rescue personnel approaching the building can identify that it has beenevaluated.

Materials and methods used for marking should be coordinated with the AHJ in order to avoid confusionwith search and other marking.

The specific markings will be made inside the box to indicate the condition of the structure at the time ofthe assessment. Any identified hazards will be indicated, outside of the box, on the right side. Placardshave space below the box for comments on hazards.

Normally the marking (or placards) would, also, be made immediately adjacent to the entry pointidentified as lowest risk. An arrow will be placed next to the box indicating the direction of the lowest riskentrance if the structure/hazard evaluation marking must be made somewhat remote from this entrance.

All rescue personnel must be aware of the possibility of, and look for other structure/hazards evaluationmarking must be made somewhat remote from this entrance.

As each subsequent assessment is performed throughout the course of the mission, a new time, date,and unit (task force) ID entry will be made below the previous entry, or a completely new marking madeif the original information is now incorrect.

The depiction of the various markings is as follows [see Figure F.3(a) ] :

The time, date, and unit ID, are noted outside the box at the right-hand side. This info is made with paintstick or lumber crayon. The paper (or cardboard), stick-on placards may need to be attached using ducttape to assure their positioning. (See Figure F.3(b)

Figure F.3(b) Structure Hazards Evaluation Markings.

This example is for a medium risk building, and the arrow indicates the direction to the lowest risk entry(possibly a window, upper floor, etc.). Assessment was made on July 15, 1991, at 1:10 PM. There is anindication of natural gas in the structure. The evaluation was made by the #1 TF from the State ofOregon.


81 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

It should be understood that this building would not be entered until the hazmat (natural gas) has beenmitigated. When that mitigation is performed, this mark should be altered by placing a line through theHM and adding the time and unit who performed the mitigation. An entirely new mark could also beadded when the mitigation is done, or after any change in conditions such as an aftershock. To indicatechanged conditions when using labels or placards, one may cross out the hazard if mitigated or justreplace the label/placard if appropriate.

Marking boxes may also be placed in each of the specific areas within the structure (i.e., rooms,hallways, stairwells, etc.) to denote hazardous conditions in separate parts of the building.

It should also be noted that the structure/hazards mark might not be made in many situations, such asstructures in which rescuers are present at all times during the incident and after hurricanes for verysimple structures.

F.3.1 Structure/Hazards Placard.

This placard should be printed on adhesive backed, 8.5 inch x 11 inch heavy white paper, Rite in theRain® (or equivalent) paper, or light cardboard. Cut in half to obtain two placards. (See Figure F.3.1 .)

White color was selected to avoid being confused with the Green-Yellow-Red Placards that are placedduring safety evaluation of structures by non-US&R engineers.

Figure F.3.1 Structure/Hazards Placard.


82 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

F.4 Search Assessment Marking.


83 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

A separate and distinct marking system is necessary to denote information relating to the victim locationdeterminations in the areas searched. This separate search assessment marking system is designed tobe used in conjunction with the structure and hazards evaluation marking system. The canine searchspecialist, technical search specialists, and/or search team manager (or any other search and rescueteam member performing the search function) will draw and “X” that is 2 ft x 2 ft (0.6 m × 0.6 m) in sizewith international orange paint stick, lumber crayon or color spray paint (note that K9 may be adverselyeffected by the fumes from the spray paint). This X will be constructed in two operations—one slashdrawn upon entry into the structure (or room, hallway, etc.) and a second crossing slash drawn upon exit[see Figure F.4(a) .]

Figure F.4(a)

Distinct markings will be made inside the remaining quadrants of the X to clarify denote the searchstatus and findings at the time of this assessment. The marks will be made with carpenter chalk orlumber crayon. The following illustrations define the search assessment marks [see Figure F.4(b) ] :

Figure F.4(b) Example of Structural Evaluation Markings.

In most cases, extemporaneous information will not be conveyed using the marking system. This type ofcommunication will usually take place as a result of face-to-face meetings between search, rescue, and


84 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

other components of the search and rescue team.

Search markings should be made at each area within a structure, such as rooms, voids, etc., but onlyinformation related to the results of the search will be marked upon exiting each space (no time or unitdesignation).

F.5 Victim Location Marking.

During the search function, it is often necessary to identify the location of potential and known victimsbecause debris in the area could completely cover, obstruct, or hide the location of any victims. When aknown or potential victim is located and not removed immediately, victim location marking symbols aremade by the search team or others aiding the search and rescue operation. These symbols should bemade with orange spray paint or orange crayon (see Figure F.5 ) .

The following illustrates the marking system:

Figure F.5 Victim Location Marking System.


85 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

F.6 The United Nations International Search and Rescue Advisory Group (INSARAG).

The search marking system used by the United Nations includes the following:

(1) Structural marking should be applied on collapsed structures assessed by USAR teams.

(a) The marking should be placed near the point of entry on the exterior of the collapsedstructure that offers the best visibility.

(b) All assessment results are to be reported to the OSOCC immediately.

(2) The marking consists of a 3.3 ft × 3.3 ft (1 m × 1 m) square box.

(3) Inside the box, mark the following:

(a) Go” if deemed safe to enter

(b) No Go” if deemed unsafe to enter

(c) Team identification

(d) Date and time start

(e) Date and time finish

(4) Outside the box, mark the following:

(a) Hazard information (top)

(b) Missing persons (bottom)

(c) Live victims extricated (left)

(d) Dead victims removed (right)

(5) Additional information

(a) When the USAR team has completed work on the structure to its capacity, a circle is drawnaround the entire marking.

(b) After all work on the structure has been completed and it is confirmed there are no morevictims, a horizontal line is drawn through the entire marking. (See Figure F.6 ).

Figure F.6 INSARAG Marking System.


86 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

F.1 General.

Structure/hazards evaluation and search assessment procedures are designed to identify specificinformation pertinent to each affected building. Either of these analyses can be completedindependently of the other, although the structure/hazards evaluation normally is completed first.Symbols should be drawn conspicuously with orange spray paint. [See FEMA National Urban Searchand Rescue (US&R) Response System, Appendix C, “Task Force Building Marking System.”]

One of the initial strategic concerns for personnel is the need to analyze the structure(s) involved in anycollapse situation. This is especially true where there is more than one structure involved, as in cases ofdevastating earthquakes, hurricanes, or other natural or man-made disasters. The determination of thecondition of the structure, hazards, and occupancy prior to the event will affect the overall search andrescue strategy.

It is imperative that the information derived from a coordinated building triage and marking system beconsolidated by the AHJ at any structural collapse event. This information not only should be used toidentify operational priorities but also should be forwarded to the incident commander to assist in theoverall assessment of the event.

F.2 FEMA Task Force Search and Rescue Marking System.

Distinct markings should be made within the four quadrants of an “X” to denote clearly the search statusand findings during the search. Figure F.2 illustrates the search marking system.

Figure F.2 FEMA Task Force Search and Rescue Marking System.

An “X” measuring 2 ft × 2 ft (0.6 m × 0.6 m) should be spray-painted in the color orange. The informationfor each quadrant should be written in the quadrant using carpenter's chalk or a lumber crayon.

In addition, search personnel should mark the exact location of a victim(s) with orange spray paint.Surveyor's tape can be used as a flag to identify the appropriate area in conjunction with the spray paint.To reduce needless duplication of search efforts, markings should be made at each point of entry orseparate area of the structure. Where updated information of previously searched structures is needed,the old information should be crossed out and the most recent information should be indicated below ornext to the old, using the marking system.


87 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

F.3 FEMA Task Force Building Marking System (Structure/Hazard Evaluation).

This system is designed to identify specific hazards associated with any collapsed structure. Personnelshould be cognizant of the nationally accepted marking system and should be proficient in the use of thesystem. [See FEMA National Urban Search and Rescue (US&R) Response System, Appendix D,“Structure Triage, Assessment & Marking System.”]

After performing a building hazard identification, the responder uses international orange spray paint tomake a 2 ft × 2 ft (0.6 m × 0.6 m) square box on the building adjacent to the most accessible point ofentry. Figure F.3 illustrates the search marking system.

Figure F.3 Task Force Building Marking System Structure/Hazard Evaluation.

An empty box indicates that the building is relatively safe for search and rescue operations and thatdamage is such that there is little danger of further collapse. One diagonal line in the box indicates thatthe structure is significantly damaged and that some areas might need shoring, bracing, or removal ofhazards in spite of the fact that some areas might be safe. Two diagonal lines in the box (an “X”)indicate that the building is not safe for search and rescue operations and might be subject to suddencollapse. An arrow next to the marking box indicates the direction of safest entry to the structure. To theright of the marking box, text is used to indicate the time and date of the search, the team designation,and hazard(s) found. The letters HM to the right of the box (in the text area) indicate a hazmat conditionin or adjacent to the structure. When HM is used, search and rescue operations normally will not beallowed until the condition is better defined or eliminated.


88 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

F.4 FEMA Task Force Structure Marking System (Structure Identification Within a Geographical Area).


89 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Structure identification within a geographic area is used to differentiate buildings by groups, such as byblock(s) or jurisdictional area. This geographic area identification should be consolidated at thecommand post of the AHJ and used to deploy search and rescue personnel. [See Figure F.4(a) .]

International orange spray paint is used to mark buildings with their street number so that personnel candifferentiate one building from another. Existing numbers should be used to fill in any unknown numbers.If all numbers are unknown, arbitrary numbers can be used (odd and even used on opposite sides of thestreet). The primary method of identification should include the existing street name, hundred block, andbuilding number. Such identification is not always possible due to postdisaster conditions. (See FEMAUS&R Response System, Appendix D, “Structure Triage, Assessment & Marking System.”)

Figure F.4(a) Task Force Structure Marking System Structure Identification Within aGeographic Area.

A standard approach to describing each building's layout is also used. The street side of the building isside 1. Subsequent sides (2, 3, 4) are labeled in a clockwise direction around the building. Internally,quadrants are described starting with the front left corner (while standing at the front, street side of thebuilding) and labeled with letters starting with “A.” Subsequent quadrants (B, C, D) are labeled in aclockwise direction around the interior of the building, with the core (center) being labeled “E.” Storiesare labeled 1, 2, 3, and so forth, and basements are designated B1, B2, B3, and so forth.

It is imperative that personnel clearly identify each structure within a geographic area. This identificationwill assist both in the specific ongoing search and rescue effort and the long-term, postdisasteridentification of the site. [See Figure F.4(b) .]

Figure F.4(b) Task Force Structure Marking System Structure Identification Within aGeographic Area — Single Structure.


90 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM


91 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

F.5 Victim Location Marking System.


92 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

During the search function, it is often necessary to identify the location of potential and known victimsbecause debris in the area could completely cover, obstruct, or hide the location of any victims. When aknown or potential victim is located and not removed immediately, victim location marking symbols aremade by the search team or others aiding the search and rescue operation. These symbols should bemade with orange spray paint or orange crayon.

Figure F.5(a) through Figure F.5(f) illustrate examples of the marking system in use, described asfollows:

Initially, a large [approximately 2 ft (0.6 m) across] “V” is painted near the location of the known orpotential victim.

If the victim's location is not clearly visible or if the victim is some distance from the symbol, anarrow can be added next to the “V” pointing toward the location of the victim.

The US&R Task Force identifier is placed in the open part of the “V.”

A circle is placed around the “V” when the location of a potential victim has been confirmed eithervisually, vocally, or by hearing sounds that would indicate a high probability of a victim.

Confirmation can be done when the victim is initially located, after partial debris removal, or withthe use of specialized search equipment such as video or fiber-optic cameras.

A canine alert will normally be considered an unconfirmed victim location, even if the alert isconfirmed by a second canine. However, such a confirming canine alert should be interpreted as ahighly probable victim location.

A horizontal line is painted through the middle of the “V” when the victim is confirmed to bedeceased.

An “X” is painted through the confirmed victim symbol after all victims have been removed fromthe specific location identified by the marking.

New victim symbols are painted next to additional victims that are located later, near where theoriginal victim(s) were removed (assuming the original symbol has been “X”ed out).

The victim location marking symbols and numbers of victims, if known, must be kept on thedeveloping site map during the search of the structure or area.

Figure F.5(a) An Example Indicating a Potential Victim.

Figure F.5(b) An Example Indicating a Potential Victim in the Direction of the Arrow.


93 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Figure F.5(c) An Example Indicating a Confirmed Live Victim.

Figure F.5(d) An Example Indicating a Confirmed Deceased Victim.

Figure F.5(e) An Example Indicating the Removal of a Confirmed Live Victim.


94 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Figure F.5(f) An Example Indicating the Removal of a Confirmed Deceased Victim.

F.6 Search Assessment Marking System.

F.6.1 Search Marking.

Search markings must be easy to make, easy to read, and easy to understand. To be easily seen thesearch mark must be large and of a contrasting color to the background surface. Orange spray paintseems to be the most easily seen color on most backgrounds and line marking or download spray cansapply the best paint marks. A lumber marking device can be used to write additional information insidethe search mark itself when it would be difficult to write the additional information with spray paint.


95 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

F.6.2 Main Entrance.

A large distinct marking is made outside the main entrance of each building or structure to be searched.This “Main Entrance” search marking will be completed in two steps. First, a large [approximately 2 ft(0.61 m)] single slash is made near the main entrance at the start of the search with the search teamidentifier, date, and time that they entered marked to the left of the midpoint of the slash. After thesearch of the entire structure has been completed, a second large slash is drawn in the oppositedirection, forming an “X.” Additional information is placed in the remaining three quadrants of the MainEntrance “X,” summarizing the entire search of the structure. The left quadrant will already contain thesearch team identifier, date, and time when the team first entered the structure. The top quadrant is forthe date and time the search team left the structure. The right quadrant is for any significant hazardslocated inside the structure. The bottom quadrant is for the number of “LIVE” or “DEAD” victims stillinside the structure; this is indicated with “L” or “D.” Use a small “x” in the bottom quadrant if no victimsare inside the structure. [See Figure F.6.2(a) , Figure F.6.2(b) , and Figure F.6.2(c) .]

Figure F.6.2(a) Main Entrance Search Marking When You Enter.

Figure F.6.2(b) Main Entrance Search Marking When You Exit — Incomplete Search.

Figure F.6.2(c) Main Entrance Search Marking When You Exit — Complete Search.


96 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

F.6.3 Room or Area Markings.

During the search function while inside the structure a large single slash is made upon entry of eachroom or area. After the search of the room or area has been completed a second large slash is drawn inthe opposite direction, forming an “X.” The only additional information placed in any of the “X” quadrantswhile inside the structure is that pertaining to any significant hazards or the number of “LIVE” or “DEAD”victims. If multiple floors are searched, a box under the X will show how many floors/quadrants havebeen searched in the positive. Indicate “F” for floors and “Q” for quadrants. [See Figure F.6.3(a) andFigure F.6.3(b) .]

Figure F.6.3(a) Interior Search Marking — Each Room or Area When You Enter.

Figure F.6.3(b) Interior Search Marking — Each Room or Area When You Exit.


97 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM



Structural marking should be applied on collapsed structures assessed by USAR teams.

The marking should be placed near the point of entry on the exterior of the collapsedstructure that offers the best visibility.

All assessment results are to be reported to the OSOCC immediately.

The marking consists of a 3.3 ft × 3.3 ft (1 m × 1 m) square box.

Inside the box, mark the following:

“Go” if deemed safe to enter

“No Go” if deemed unsafe to enter

Team identification

Date and time start

Date and time finish

Outside the box, mark the following:

Hazard information (top)

Missing persons (bottom)

Live victims extricated (left)

Dead victims removed (right)

Additional information

When the USAR team has completed work on the structure to its capacity, a circle is drawnaround the entire marking.

After all work on the structure has been completed and it is confirmed there are no morevictims, a horizontal line is drawn through the entire marking. [See Figure F.7 .]



98 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

F.8 Search Mark Placard.

The search mark placard is an 8 1 ⁄2 in. × 11 in. (215.9 mm × 279.4 mm) adhesive-backed placard orsticker placed on the front of a structure adjacent to the main entrance, identifying the results of thesearch in the structure. The purpose of this tool is to identify from the street that the structure buildinghas been searched. See Figure F.8 .

Figure F.8 FEMA Search Mark Placard.



Annex_F_Structural_Marking_Systems_dc.1446580428427.docxUpdated Structural Marking System for Annex F Army Corps of Engineers, July 2015




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

Committee Since the material was first generated, there have been numerous changes in structural building


99 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Statement: marking systems for US&R. This revision completely replaces the current annex with the latestinformation and to align with 1006, which will include the same annex. This revision includesinformation on structural identification marking, structure hazards evaluation marking, searchassessment marking, and victim location markings. It borrows from the latest FEMA US&Rdescriptions of these markings as published by the Army Corp of Engineers.

ResponseMessage:

Public Comment No. 16-NFPA 1670-2015 [Chapter F]


100 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

NFPA 1670 Annex F Second Draft.docx (DCC) Revised: 11/03/2015 1

Annex F Structural Marking Systems This annex is not a part of the requirements of this NFPA document but is included for informational purposes only. F.1 General. One of the initial strategic concerns for personnel is the need to analyze the structure(s) involved in any collapse situation. This is especially true where there is more than one structure involved, as in cases of devastating earthquakes, hurricanes, or other natural or man-made disasters. The determination of the condition of the structure, hazards, and occupancy prior to the event will affect the overall search and rescue strategy. A uniform building marking system has been developed by the FEMA National US&R Response System. There are 4 categories of FEMA US&R Markings:

Structure Identification Marking Structure/Hazards Evaluation Marking Search Assessment Marking Victim Location Marking

The building marking system was established to ensure:

Differentiation of structures within a geographic area. The structural condition and status of rescue operations within the structure are

communicated. Identification markings on structures may be made with International Orange spray paint (or construction crayon), placed on the building surface. In the case of hurricanes where many structures are involved, a system using a "Stick-on" Label should be used. Markings should be placed on normal address side of the structure. F.2 Structure Identification Marking Within a Geographic Area. Structure identification within a geographic area is used to differentiate buildings by groups, such as by block(s) or jurisdictional area. It is imperative that personnel clearly identify each structure within a geographic area. This identification will assist both in the specific ongoing search and rescue effort and the long-term, post disaster identification of the site. International orange spray paint or construction crayon is used to mark buildings with their street number so that personnel can differentiate one building from another. Existing numbers should be used to fill in any unknown numbers. If all numbers are unknown, arbitrary numbers can be used (odd and even used on opposite sides of the street). The primary method of identification should include the existing street name, hundred block, and building number. Such identification is not always possible due to post disaster conditions. [See Figure F.2(a).] If at all possible, the existing street name and building number will be used. If some numbers have been obliterated, an attempt should be made to reestablish the numbering based on nearby structures. If no numbers are identifiable on a given block, rescue personnel will assign and identify the street name and numbers based on other structures in the proximity. The structures should then be numbered to differentiate them (using paint or crayon).


Figure F.2(a) Structure Identification Marking System Within a Geographic Area.

It is also important to identify locations within a single structure. The address side of the building is side A. Other sides of the structure are assigned alphabetically in a clockwise manner from side A around the building. [See Figure F.2(b).]

Figure F.2(b) Structure Identification Marking System Within a Geographic Area — Sides of

a Single Structure.

The interior of the structure can be divided into quadrants. The quadrants are identified alphabetically in a clockwise manner starting from where the side A and side B perimeter meet. The center core, where all four quadrants meet is identified as quadrant E (i.e., central core lobby, etc.). [See Figure F.2(c).]


Figure F.2(c) Structure Identification Marking System Within a Geographic Area — Quadrants of a Single Structure. Multistory buildings must have each floor clearly identified. If not clearly discernable, the floors should be numbers as referenced from the exterior. The grade (or street) level floor is designated floor 1, and moving upward the second floor would be floor 2, etc. Conversely, the first floor below grade (or street) level would be B-1, the second B-2, etc. For buildings where the street slopes, all at the incident must be informed as to which level will be called the first floor. [See Figure F.2(d).]

Figure F.2(d) Structure Identification Marking System Within a Geographic Area — Floors in a Single Structure. If a structure contains a grid of structural columns, they should be marked with 2 foot high, orange letters/numbers to further identify enclosed areas. If plans are available, use the existing numbering system. If plans are not available, letter the columns across the long side (side A in the example) starting from the left, and number the columns along the short side (side B in this example) starting from the front, side A. The story level should be added to each marked column, and be placed below the column locator mark. Example: “FL-2” = Floor 2. [See Figure F.2(e).]

Figure F.2(e) Structure Identification Marking System Within a Geographic Area — Column Grid Layout.


F.3 Structure/Hazards Evaluation Marking This system is designed to identify specific hazards associated with any collapsed structure. Personnel should be cognizant of the nationally accepted marking system and should be proficient in the use of the system. After performing a building hazard identification, the responder makes a 2 ft × 2 ft (0.6 m × 0.6 m) square box on the building adjacent to the most accessible point of entry into any compromised structure. Paint sticks, lumber crayons or international orange aerosol spray paint can be used for this marking system. Peel and stick labels or stiff paper placards may be used to avoid paint damage. It is important that an effort is made to mark all normal entry points (side A if possible) to a building under evaluation to ensure that rescue personnel approaching the building can identify that it has been evaluated. Materials and methods used for marking should be coordinated with the AHJ in order to avoid confusion with search and other marking. The specific markings will be made inside the box to indicate the condition of the structure at the time of the assessment. Any identified hazards will be indicated, outside of the box, on the right side. Placards have space below the box for comments on hazards. Normally the marking (or placards) would, also, be made immediately adjacent to the entry point identified as lowest risk. An arrow will be placed next to the box indicating the direction of the lowest risk entrance if the structure/hazard evaluation marking must be made somewhat remote from this entrance. All rescue personnel must be aware of the possibility of, and look for other structure/hazards evaluation marking must be made somewhat remote from this entrance. As each subsequent assessment is performed throughout the course of the mission, a new time, date, and unit (task force) ID entry will be made below the previous entry, or a completely new marking made if the original information is now incorrect. The depiction of the various markings is as follows:


The time, date, and unit ID, are noted outside the box at the right-hand side. This info is made with paint stick or lumber crayon. The paper (or cardboard), stick-on placards may need to be attached using duct tape to assure their positioning.

This example is for a medium risk building, and the arrow indicates the direction to the lowest risk entry (possibly a window, upper floor, etc.). Assessment was made on July 15, 1991, at 1:10 PM. There is an indication of natural gas in the structure. The evaluation was made by the #1 TF from the State of Oregon.


It should be understood that this building would not be entered until the hazmat (natural gas) has been mitigated. When that mitigation is performed, this mark should be altered by placing a line through the HM and adding the time and unit who performed the mitigation. An entirely new mark could also be added when the mitigation is done, or after any change in conditions such as an aftershock. To indicate changed conditions when using labels or placards, one may cross out the hazard if mitigated or just replace the label/placard if appropriate. Marking boxes may also be placed in each of the specific areas within the structure (i.e., rooms, hallways, stairwells, etc.) to denote hazardous conditions in separate parts of the building. It should also be noted that the structure/hazards mark might not be made in many situations, such as structures in which rescuers are present at all times during the incident and after hurricanes for very simple structures. F.3.1 Structure/Hazards Placard This placard should be printed on adhesive backed, 8.5 inch x 11 inch heavy white paper, Rite in the Rain® (or equivalent) paper, or light cardboard. Cut in half to obtain two placards. [See Figure F.3.1.] White color was selected to avoid being confused with the Green-Yellow-Red Placards that are placed during safety evaluation of structures by non-US&R engineers.

Figure F.3.1 Structure/Hazards Placard.


F.4 Search Assessment Marking. A separate and distinct marking system is necessary to denote information relating to the victim location determinations in the areas searched. This separate search assessment marking system is designed to be used in conjunction with the structure and hazards evaluation marking system. The canine search specialist, technical search specialists, and/or search team manager (or any other search and rescue team member performing the search function) will draw and “X” that is 2 ft x 2 ft (0.6 m × 0.6 m) in size with international orange paint stick, lumber crayon or color spray paint (note that K9 may be adversely effected by the fumes from the spray paint). This X will be constructed in two operations—one slash drawn upon entry into the structure (or room, hallway, etc.) and a second crossing slash drawn upon exit.

Distinct markings will be made inside the remaining quadrants of the X to clarify denote the search status and findings at the time of this assessment. The marks will be made with carpenter chalk or lumber crayon. The following illustrations define the search assessment marks:


In most cases, extemporaneous information will not be conveyed using the marking system. This type of communication will usually take place as a result of face-to-face meetings between search, rescue, and other components of the search and rescue team. Search markings should be made at each area within a structure, such as rooms, voids, etc., but only information related to the results of the search will be marked upon exiting each space (no time or unit designation). F.5 Victim Location Marking. During the search function, it is often necessary to identify the location of potential and known victims because debris in the area could completely cover, obstruct, or hide the location of any victims. When a known or potential victim is located and not removed immediately, victim location marking symbols are made by the search team or others aiding the search and rescue operation. These symbols should be made with orange spray paint or orange crayon. The following illustrates the marking system:




(1) Structural marking should be applied on collapsed structures assessed by USAR teams. (a) The marking should be placed near the point of entry on the exterior of the collapsed

structure that offers the best visibility. (b) All assessment results are to be reported to the OSOCC immediately.


(2) The marking consists of a 3.3 ft × 3.3 ft (1 m × 1 m) square box.

(3) Inside the box, mark the following: (a) “Go” if deemed safe to enter (b) “No Go” if deemed unsafe to enter

(c) Team identification

(d) Date and time start

(e) Date and time finish

(4) Outside the box, mark the following: (a) Hazard information (top) (b) Missing persons (bottom)

(c) Live victims extricated (left)

(d) Dead victims removed (right)

(5) Additional information (a) When the USAR team has completed work on the structure to its capacity, a circle is

drawn around the entire marking. (b) After all work on the structure has been completed and it is confirmed there are no

more victims, a horizontal line is drawn through the entire marking. [See Figure F.6.]


Second Revision No. 89-NFPA 1670-2016 [ Section No. K.1.2.5 ]

K.1.2.5 U.S. Government Publications.

U.S. Government Printing Publishing Office, 732 North Capitol Street, NW, Washington, DC20402 20401-0001 .

FAA, Aeronautical Information Manual, April 3 , 2014.

FEMA Disaster Assistance Policy DAP9523.19, 2007.

FEMA National Urban Search and Rescue (US&R) Response System , 2013. Available online athttp://www.fema.gov/urban-search-rescue.

DHS/FEMA Disaster Assistance Policy DAP9523.19, 2007.

DHS/FEMA National Urban Search and Rescue (US & R) Response System, 2013. Available online athttp://www.fema.gov/urban-search-rescue.

FAA, Aeronautical Information Manual , April 3, 2014.

FEMA Earthquake Hazards Reduction Series 41, Rapid Visual Screening of Buildings for PotentialSeismic Hazards: A Handbook, 2002.

FEMA National Response Framework, 2nd edition, May 2013.

H.R. 3858 (109th): Pets Evacuation and Transportation Standards Act of 2006.

National Search and Rescue Committee, U.S. National Search and Rescue Supplement to theInternational Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue Manual , 2000 Plan, 2007 .

National Search and Rescue Committee, U.S. National Search and Rescue Plan , 2007 Supplement tothe International Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue Manual , 2000 .

Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1910.120, “U.S. Federal OSHA Standard on Hazardous WasteOperations and Emergency Response” Response (HAZWOPER).”

Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1910.146, “Permit-Required Confined Spaces.”

Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1910.1030 (OSHA) , “Blood-Borne Pathogens.”

Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1926, Subpart P, Appendix A, “Soil Classification.”

Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1926, Subpart P, Appendix B, “Excavations, Sloping andBenching.”

Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1926, Subpart P, Appendix C, "Timber Shorting for Trenches."

Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1926.651, “Specific Excavation Requirements.”

Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1926.652, Subpart P, Excavations, “ Requirements forprotective systems Protective Systems .”

Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1926.800 (OSHA). , "Underground Construction."

Title 30, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 49.2, “ Availability of mine rescue teams Mine RescueTeams."

U.S. Department Army Corps of Homeland Security, National Response Framework, Second Edition,May 2013 Engineers, Urban Search and Rescue Program, Field Operations Guide, 6th edition, 2009.




Street Address:

City:


101 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

State:

Zip:


Committee Statement

Committee Statement: Updating editions.

Response Message:


102 of 102 5/26/2016 10:04 AM

Documents

NFPA 1670 (Global Proposal) [ ] 1670 (Global Proposal) [ ] ... The Technical Committee is looking to make all references in the document done ... FEMA National Urban Search and Rescue