GII THIU

Nc ta c v tr gip vi bin ng, c b bin di trn 3000 Km. Vi ngun ti nguyn thin nhin phong ph, c bit l ngun thy sn c gi tr kinh t cao. y l th mnh v tim nng ca nc ta, to iu kin thun li cho vic pht trin ngnh nh bt thy hi sn. Thm vo , h thng sng ngi, knh rch dy c, rt thun li cho s pht trin ngnh nui trng thy sn.

Trong nhng nm qua th ngh nui trng, nh bt thy sn pht trin cc tnh nh Nng, Qung Nam, Qung Ngi...Sn lng khng ngng tng, v khng nhng p ng c nhu cu trong nc m cn xut khu ra nc ngoi, nh i Loan, Hn Quc, Nht...Tuy nhin, do iu kin ngoi cnh ca tng khu vc, nn vic nui trng, nh bt thy sn khng phi lc no cng em li kt qu nh mong mun. iu dn n vic cung cp cho th trng khng ng u gia cc ma trong nm, v phn b khng ng u trong cc khu vc vi nhau. trnh tnh trng mt cn bng nh trn, v cng nng cao gi tr s dng gi tr kinh t ca sn phm v cng to iu kin thun li cho ngi tiu dng, ngi kinh doanh u t trang thit b v cng ngh tin hnh sn xut nhm a dng ha sn phm thc phm v vn chuyn d dng n tay ngi tiu dng trong nc v xut khu. V cng ty c phn thu sn NHT HONG l mt trong nhng cng ty pht trin vi nhiu mt hng xut khu c gi tr kinh t cao. Cng ty tm hiu ,nghin cu v ngy cng a dng ho sn phm, to cng n vic lm cho hng trm lao ng.

Trong thi gian thc tp ti cng ty gip em vn dng c l thuyt vo thc tin v t thc tin em hon thnh c ti thc tp cho mnh. c s ng ca Trng i hc Nng lm Hu, Khoa C Kh Cng Ngh v thy gio hng dn ti hon thnh ti Tm hiu quy trnh cng ngh bo qun v ch bin c Da phi l lnh ng ti Cng ty C phn Thu sn Nht Hong.

PHN 1

GII THIU CHUNG V NH MY1.1 Vi nt v Cng Ty C Phn Thy sn Nht Hong

- Tn cng ty: Cng ty C phn Thu sn Nht Hong.

- Tn giao dch bng ting Anh: NHATHOANG SEAFOOD.

- S in thoi: 0511 818290

- Nm thnh lp: 2004.

- Cng ty thnh lp theo giy php kinh doanh s: 3203000211, cp ngy 06/02/2004

- Vn iu l : 7.500.000.000 ng.

- Loi hnh doanh nghip: Doanh nghip T nhn.

- Vn phng giao dch: 15A Phan Chu Trinh, Thnh ph Nng.

- a ch ca Cng ty: L C4 Khu cng nghip Thu sn Th Quang, qun Sn Tr, thnh ph Nng.

- Ngnh ngh kinh doanh: Sn xut, ch bin v kinh doanh cc mt hng thu hi sn xut khu, nui trng thy sn,

- Th trng xut khu: Nht Bn, Hoa k, Hn Quc, Trung Quc, i Loan.

1.2 Qu trnh hnh thnh v pht trin ca Cng ty

Cng ty C phn Thu sn Nht Hong c thnh lp vo ngy 06 thng 02 nm 2004 theo giy php ng k kinh doanh s 3203000211 do S K hoch v u t Thnh ph Nng cp. Mc vn iu l ban u l 7.500.000.000 VN. Ban u s lng cng nhn lao ng ch mc 50 n 70 ngi.

Cng ty bt u i vo hot ng sn xut ngy 30 thng 03 nm 2005. Trong nhng ngy u i vo hot ng sn xut kinh doanh, cng ty gp nhiu kh khn nh: c s vt cht phc v cho sn xut cn cha c hon thin, trang thit b my mc cha p ng nhu cu sn xut cng nh trnh qun l iu hnh ca ban lnh o cng ty cn thiu kinh nghim. Cn b qun l, cng nhn vin cha c nhiu kinh nghim trong iu hnh sn xut kinh doanh, cng ty cha c thng hiu trn th trng nn vic sn xut kinh doanh cha thc s i vo n nh.

Hin nay, cng ty dn i vo n nh, my mc thit b phc v cho sn xut ca cng ty ngy cng c nng cao, cng ty p dng nhng k thut tin tin vo sn xut ph hp vi kh nng ca cng nhn v bc u khng nh c tn tui trn th trng trong v ngoi nc. Thu nhp ca ngi lao ng khng ngng c ci thin, i tc lm n ngy mt nhiu to ra cng n vic lm quanh nm cho cn b v cng nhn vin. T thng 3/2005 n nay, cng ty hon thnh nhng ch tiu ra v gii quyt cng n vic lm cho nhiu gia nh. ng thi cng ty to c nim tin i vi khch hng trong v ngoi nc, vi b con ng dn nh bt thu sn.1.3. V tr kinh tDo v tr a l ca nh my tip gip vi ng thy ln ng b nn rt thun li cho vic tip nhn nguyn liu u vo cng nh thun li cho vic sn xut hng n ni tiu th.Vi tnh cht a dng ca ngun nguyn liu v sn phm nh sn xut nhiu mt hng, khng c nh mt loi sn phm nn s hot ng ca cng ty thng xuyn. T to pht trin ca cng ty.

Vi iu kin thun li nh vy, cng ty cng h thp c chi ph u vo v u ra t ta thy c kt qu m cng ty thu c kh quan hn, ng thi cng gip cng ty ngy cng pht trin mnh.1.4. Cc sn phm ca nh myCc mt hng sn xut ch yu:

* C cc loi: C fillet, c nguyn con....lnh ng.

* Mc cc loi: Mc nang, mc ng, m ct khoanh...lnh ng.

* Tm cc loi: Tm s, tm bp, tm st nguyn con, bc nn...lnh ng.

* Gh cc loi: Gh Xanh, gh Ba chm mnh ct, nguyn con....lnh ng.

* Mt s sn phm luc hp khc: nh tm luc, mc luc...1.5. S sn xut ca cng ty

1.6. S mt bng tng th ca cng ty

1.7. Chc nng ca cc phng ban

Gim c: L ngi ng u cng ty, i din hp php cho cng ty, chu trch nhim ch o chung v mi mt hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca cng ty v chu trch nhim trc nh nc v tt c cc hot ng ca cng ty. Ngoi ra, gim c l ngi trc tip qun l cc b phn, tm kim v quan h vi th trng trong v ngoi nc, cc nh cung cp.

Ph Gim c: Ph trch v k thut trong qu trnh sn xut, ch o vic iu hnh sn xut. ng thi, nghin cu cc mt hng nhm m rng sn xut. Tham mu cho gim c v vn k thut, h thng thit b sn xut trong khu ch bin. Ph trch cng tc u t xy dng c bn ng thi nng cao cht lng v hiu qu sn xut, l ngi tr gip c lc cho gim c.

Phng K thut KCS

B phn k thut:

Qun l gim st cng nhn lm vic trong phng s ch - ch bin, phn b cng nhn tng cng on cho ph hp vi quy trnh sn xut. T chc cc mt hng m cng ty giao cho, ng thi chu trch nhim v cht lng sn phm.

Nghin cu quy trnh, iu chnh cng ngh sn xut nhm to ra sn phm c cht lng cao vi chi ph sn xut thp nht va p ng c nhu cu ca khch hng va tit kim cho cng ty. Ngoi ra b phn k thut cn c k hoch o to, bi dng cng nhn v tay ngh v an ton v sinh trong sn xut cng nghip.

B phn KCS:

C chc nng kim tra cht lng nguyn liu bn thnh phm v thnh phm. Kim tra cc thng s, cc ch tiu cng ngh trong ton b quy trnh sn xut, t khu tip nhn nguyn liu cho n khu thnh phm cui cng. ng thi gim st ton b quy trnh sn xut, hng dn cng nhn thc hin theo ng yu cu. Ngoi ra b phn KCS cn phi ghi chp s liu hng ngy vo s nht k KCS nhm mc ch theo gii cht lng ca sn phm.

B phn hnh chnh:

Tham mu cho gim c v cng tc t chc, sp xp c cu qun l ph hp vi tnh hnh sn xut kinh doanh ca cng ty t hiu qu cao nht. ng thi c nhim v qun l ngun nhn lc cho ph hp vi tnh hnh sn xut ca cng ty.

Phng kinh doanh

- Tham mu cho gim c v cng tc k hoch kinh doanh ca cng ty.

- Tng hp s lng nguyn liu a vo sn xut cng nh s lng hng xut kho hng ngy, phn nh kp thi cho gim c c k hoch kinh doanh hp l.

- Lun thng tin cho khch hng, i din cho cng ty lng nghe nhng kin phn nh t khch hng. T c k hoch sn xut kinh doanh trnh ln ban gim c.

Phng k ton ti v

- Tng hp cc s liu nguyn liu nhp vo cng nh sn phm xut ra hng ngy, nh k tnh ra tin kp thi trnh ln ban gim c.

- Phn nh tnh hnh vn ng ti sn ca cng ty, tnh hnh thu chi ti chnh hng ngy, nh k kp thi bo co cho lnh o cng ty.

- Tham ma cho gim c thc hin cc ch trng chnh sch ca ng v Nh nc v ti chnh, thc hin ngha v thu cho Nh nc.

Phn xng c in:

- Vn hnh ton b my mc c trong cng ty, k c h thng in nc trong cng ty.

- Sa cha tt c cc thit b, my mc c trong cng ty khi c s c xy ra, lp t cc thit b mi nhp v.

- Tham mu cho gim c v u t mua sm, thay th trang thit b phc v sn xut.

T phc v:

m bo cho sn xut sn phm ng lnh nhit n nh v tu theo mt hng sau khi hon tt cc ch s ch, phn c, ln hng.

T 1, 2: m nhn vic tip nhn nguyn liu, a vo kp thi ng yu cu, s lng cho tng n t hng.

T 3: Thc hin cng on s ch ng theo yu cu ca tng khch hng.

T 4: Thc hin cng on ln hng nhanh, ng k thut.

T 5: Thc hin cng on phn c cho sn phm.

T 6: Thc hin cng on bao gi ng thng a vo kho bo qun sn phm.

1.8. C s vt cht k thut ca cng ty

Din tch ton b cng ty l 4.500 m, bao gm:

Phng s ch 1

Phng ch bin 1

Phng s ch 2

Phng ch bin 2

Phng luc hp

Phng my

Hm ng gi

Kho lnh giai on 1

Kho lnh giai on 2

Phng bao b catton: din tch 108,94 m2

: din tch 144,22 m2

: din tch 122,19 m2

: din tch 144,22 m2

: din tch 166,58 m2

: din tch 92,51 m2

: din tch 36,12 m2

: din tch 158 m2

: din tch 248,06 m2

: din tch 107,44 m2

Thit b my mc:

- 1 my nn MYCOM 2 cp ca Nht Bn, chy cho my vy (cng sut 37 kw).

- 2 my nn DALIAN 2 cp ca Trung Quc, chy cho t cp ng tip xc vi hm ng gi (cng sut 75 kw).

- 2 my nn 1 cp MITSUBISHI ca Nht Bn chy cho kho lnh giai on 1 v kho lnh giai on 2 (cng sut 25 kw).

- 1 My nn 2 cp MASEGAWA ca Nht Bn, chy cho hm ng gi.

- 1 my pht in hiu NES125SH c cng sut 125KVA, to ra ngun in 220V v 380V, dng cung cp in cho ton nh my.

- Ngoi cc thit b my mc c bn ni trn, cn c mt s thit b my mc ph khc nh: my sit bao (2 ci), my ca c (1 ci), my xay (2 ci).

H thng vn ti: 1 CONTAINER lnh hiu RENTAR trng ti 26 tn (t s dng n).

H thng kho cha 1:

Kho lnh giai on 1: Sc cha 200 tn.

Kho lnh giai on 2: Sc cha 150 tn.

Ngun nhn lc : Tng s cn b cng nhn vin l 150 ngi.

- 10 ngi c trnh i hc, trong c 4 k s ngnh ch bin thu sn, 5 c nhn kinh t, 1 k s nng nghip.

- 3 ngi c trnh cao ng, 8 ngi c trnh trung cp.

- 129 ngi l cng nhn ch bin v cng nhn v sinh, trong c 20 ngi l cng nhn k thut bc cao.

PHN 2

NGUYN LIU DNG C - THIT B CHNH S DNG TRONG SN XUT MT HNG C DA PHI L LNH NG, GH CT MNH LNH NG

2.1. Nguyn liu

2.1.1. Khi qut chung v nguyn liu c Da

C Da hay cn gi l c Nc heo. C tn khoa hc l Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus, c tn ting anh l Common dolphin fish. Thuc nhm c ni ln, sng vng bin ven b v bin khi. y l loi c c gi tr thng phm cao.

Hnh 1. C da

c im hnh thi:

Hnh 2. Hnh dng cu to ngoi ca c da

Thn thon di, dp hai bn v thun dn v pha ui. Khe ming rng, hi xin. Hm di hi nh ra v xng np mang kh pht trin. Khng c mang gi v bng hi. Trn hm, xng b ma v xng khu ci c cc hng rng cong v pha sau; cc rng hng ngoi mc khng st nhau. Trn li c hai m rng nh c dng hnh trn hoc elip. Vy nh v nm st vo nhau. S vy dc ng bn khong t 200 n 320 ci. ng bn nm pha trn vy ngc v c mt ch gp cong dng hnh sng. Vy ngc c hnh li lim. C mt vy lng chy t cui u n tn vy ui vi khong 50 60 tia. Vy bng di, yu v nm st vo nhau, gc vy bng nm di vy ngc. Vy hu mn tng t vy lng nhng ngn hn nhiu. Vy ui lm su, hai thu rt di. c c, cong phn u pht trin t l thun vi s pht trin c th. Chiu di thn c ln nht l 192 cm, trng lng n 30kg. vng bin Vnh Thi Lan, c da chim 9,6% tng sn lng trong v Bc (nm 1997), 5,3% trong v Nam nm 1998 (Phm Thc, 1999).

vng bin gia bin ng, c da chim 0,2% trong v Bc nm 1999, 0,014% trong v Nam nm 1999.

vng bin Vit Nam, c da chim 4,5% trong v Nam nm 1999 (on Vn D, 1999), 1,4 trong v Bc nm 2000 (Chu Tin Vnh, 2000).[4] Phn b:

Thi Bnh Dng, Trung Quc, Vit Nam. Vit Nam phn b ch yu vng bin min Trung v ng Nam B, vng bin bt gp nhiu nht l vng ven b trong ma gi ty nam v vng bin khi pha nam bin min Trung.

2.1.2 Thnh phn ha hc v gi tr dinh dng

Thnh phn ha hc ca c bao gm: protein, lipit, mui v c, vitamin,...Cc thnh ny khc nhau rt nhiu, thay i ph thuc vo ging, loi, gii tnh, iu kin sinh sng,...Ngoi ra, cc yu t nh thnh phn thc n, mi trng sng, kch c c v cc c tnh di truyn cng nh hng n thnh phn ha hc.

Thnh phn ha hc ca c (%) Thnh phn

Ch tiuNcProteinLipitMui v c

Tht c48 85,110,3 24,40,1 5,40,5 5,6

Trng c60 70 20 30 1 11 1 2

Gan c40 70 8 18 3 5 0,5 1,5

Da c60 70 7 15 5 101 3

Bng 1: Thnh phn ha hc ca c Thnh phn dinh dng ca c da trong 100g (phn n c) cha:

Tn thnh phnHm lng

Calories

Cht bo

Axit bo bo ha

Cholesterol

Cht m

Sodium

Potassium

St

Magnesium

SeleniumVitamin B12

Niacin

Vitamin B685

0.7 g

0.188 g

73 mg

18.5 g

88 mg

392.2 mg

1.2 mg

28.8 mg

36.5 microgram

0.57 microgram

5.77 mg

0.33 mg

Bng 2: Thnh phn dinh dng ca cV phng din dinh dng, c da c xem l mt loi c cha nhiu cht m, t cht bo, cung cp nhiu vitamin B6 v B12. Lng khong cht: St, Magnesium v Potassium cng tng i cn bng. C cng cung cp mt lng ng k axit bo Omega 3: khong 110 mg DHA, lng EPA khng ng k.

2.1.3 Cch thc t chc thu mua nguyn liu

Ch yu mua ti cng ty. Thng thu mua vi s lng nh l ca cc ch tu cc cng c trong a bn Nng. Ti y, c c khch hng bo qun v vn chuyn n v bn vi gi tho thun. Cng tc thu mua tin hnh n gin v nhanh chng, do cn b KCS v qun c m nhim. C c la chn k v phn loi theo tng nhm kch c, ti nh gi cho ph hp vi tng nhm c phn loi. Nhng con no n hng, khng t tiu chun s b loi. C n hng l nhng con b mm nhn, trc vy, xy xt bn ngoi, v bng.2.2 Nc, lnh v chlorin dng trong bo qun v ch bin

Trong qu trnh sn xut ca cc nh my thu sn th nc, lnh v chlorin ng vai tr quan trng. N tham gia gn nh hu ht vo cc cng on ch bin, bo qun trong quy trnh cng ngh. Khi c c a ra khi mi trng sng th nc c s dng ra sch c, sau dng lnh bo qun nhm hn ch nhng bin i khng c li gy h hng nguyn liu.

Nc c tc dng lm sch, cn dng h thp nhit nguyn liu, bn thnh phm ngn chn nhng bin i h hng, hn ch s ly nhim v pht trin ca vi sinh vt.2.2.1. Nc

Nc lnh

Hin nay cng ty ang s dng ngun nc do cng ty t x l cung cp cho sn xut v sinh hot trong cng ty. Nc trong cng ty sau khi x l t tiu chun 505 ca B Y t.

Trc ht, nc c bm ln t ging khoan ln b lc, b lc nc c b sung thm phn chua nhm mc ch lm mm nc v c lc qua ba b lc. Nc sau khi lc c a v b cha 100m, t bm ln bn v bm vo cc v tr trong xng. Tu mc ch s dng m b sung thm hm lng chlorin vo nc cho hp l, thng b sung vi nng 0,5 1 ppm i vi th trng Chu u, cc th trng khc t 2 10 ppm.

B v bn cha c v sinh nh k, ba thng i vi b v su thng i vi bn cha.

Nc

Khi lm lnh nc xung nhit 00C, nc s chuyn t pha lng sang pha rn m ngi ta quen gi l nc . Nc s dng trong hu ht cc cng on ca quy trnh cng ngh bo qun v ch bin thu sn. Trong quy trnh cng ngh bo qun, ch bin c da phi l lnh ng ny, nc c dng trong cc cng on nh: ra ln 2, st trng, m bngNc c xem l mi trng lm lnh rt tt cho c. Nc c th lm lnh c xung rt nhanh thng qua vic tip xc trc tip vi c.

L do s dng nc lm lnh c

+ Gip h nhit + Thi gian bo qun ko di

+ Nc tan c tc dng gi m cho c.

+ Mt s tnh cht vt l c li ca nc : Nc c mt s u im khi so snh vi cc phng php lm lnh khc, k c lm lnh bng khng kh.

- Nc c kh nng lm lnh ln: Lng nhit yu cu chuyn sang t trng thi rn sang lng gi l n nhit: 1kg nc cn 80 kcal nhit lm tan chy. Cch biu din 80 kcal nhit gi l n nhit nng chy. Da vo tnh cht ny cho thy, cn mt lng nhit ln tan chy nc . V vy, c th c lng nc lm lnh nhanh sn phm thc phm.

- Nc tan l mt h t iu chnh nhit : Nc tan l s thay i trng thi vt l ca nc (t rn sang lng) v iu kin bnh thng n xy ra ti mt nhit khng i (00C).

S tin li khi s dng nc :

- p l phng php lm lnh c ng.

- Nguyn liu sn xut nc lun sn c.

- Nc l mt phng php bo qun tng i r tin.

- Nc l mt cht an ton v mt thc phm.

2.2.2. lnh

Khi cng ty va mi c thnh lp, cha c y my mc thit b nn lnh phi mua cc c s sn xut cy bn ngoi. Hin nay, cng ty trang b y cc my sn xut lnh. Khng ch c my sn xut cy m cn c c my sn xut vy.

Nc s dng sn xut lnh phi t tiu chun theo ch th 80/77/EEC ca cng ng Chu u, nng chlorin phi t 0,5 1 ppm. Cc dng c cha , nc nh thng nha, xe vn chuyn, kho cha yu cu trc v sau khi s dng phi v sinh sch s.2.2.3. Chlorin

Chlorin l cht st trng rt hiu qu nhng ng thi n cng l mt cht c. C th ngi thy mi chlorin khi n chim 3,5 th tch trong mt triu th tch khng kh. N c dng ph bin trong thu sn ng lnh st trng.

Tc dng dit trng t l thun vi nng chlorin. Tuy nhin, v phng php nh lng chlorin lu dng cn lin quan n cc hp cht khc cho nn cng mt hm lng chlorin dng trong nhiu trng hp khc nhau khng c ngha cho cng mt kh nng dit trng. C th s dng giy kim tra chlorin rt tin dng trong sn xut: nhng giy vo nc chlorin th mu sc hin ln trn giy s cho bit nng tng ng.

Mt s quy nh v nng s dng chlorin st trng trong ch bin thu sn ng lnh:

- Nc ra nguyn liu lc tip nhn: 50ppm.

- Nc ra nguyn liu lc ch bin: 10 20ppm.

- Nc ngm khun trc khi xp khun: 20ppm.

- Nc m bng: 5ppm.

- Nc ra tay cho cng nhn: 10ppm.

- Nc ra ng trc khi vo xng sn xut: 100ppm.

- Nc ra khun v dng c ch bin (thau, chu, dao, r,): 100ppm.

- Nc chi sn nh, bn ch bin: 200ppm.

Cc cn b iu hnh sn xut, cn b kim tra cht lng hon ton chu trch nhim v vic s dng thuc st trng chlorin trong lc sn xut.2.3 Vt liu Dng c - Thit b s dng trong sn xut mt hng c ng lnh

i vi cng ngh ch bin thc phm ni chung v cng ngh ch bin thu sn ni ring i hi mt khi lng dng c rt ln v nhiu chng loi. c bit l khng c s dng chung dng c, thit b gia cc khu sn xut, nhm mc ch ngn nga s ly nhim cho gia bn thnh phm v nguyn liu. Cc dng c, thit b i hi phi m bo cc yu cu k thut nh: phi c lm t vt liu khng g (inox), khng thi nhim vo thc phm, c chnh xc cao (cn), trc v sau khi s dng phi c v sinh sch s.

2.3.1 Dao

- Mc ch s dng: Phi l v lt da

- Yu cu: + Dao phi lun sc v nhn.

+ Sau khi s dng xong phi v sinh sch s.

- Lu : Khi s dng dao cn cn thn trnh h hng sn phm v gy tai nn lao ng.

2.3.2 Tht

- Mc ch s dng: H tr cho qu trnh nh vy v phi l.

- Yu cu: + Lm bng nha cng, sch.

+ Tht phi sch s v sau khi s dng phi v sinh sch s.

2.3.3 R

- Mc ch s dng: Dng ng sn phm.

- Yu cu: + Gn nh v lun sch s, d thot nc.

+ Sau khi s dng xong cn phi v sinh sch s.

2.3.4 Dng c nh vy

- Mc ch: nh vy c.

- Yu cu: + Dng c nh vy khng b g.

+ Sau khi s dng xong phi v sinh sch s.

2.3.5 Nhp nh xng

- Mc ch s dng: Nh xng.

- Yu cu: Phi gn, nhn.

- Lu : Cn phi nh nhanh v khng h ming c.

3.2.6 Khun

- Mc ch s dng: Cha c khi ch ng.

- Yu cu: Lm bng tn m km, ng kch c.

- Lu : Xp ng trng lng, s ming quy nh.

2.3.7 Khay s dng

- Mc ch s dng: Dng cha c v vn chuyn c vo phi l ri.

- Yu cu: Nh v cha c nhiu c.

- Lu : Cn vn chuyn nhanh.

2.3.8 Ti PE

- Mc ch s dng: Cha c bo qun.

- Yu cu: Ti phi sch s v khng b rch.

2.3.9 Gng tay

- Mc ch s dng: Gi v sinh v gip cho qu trnh phi l thun tin hn.

- Yu cu: Bao tay phi lun sch s.

- Lu : Cn lm v sinh trc v sau khi eo bao tay.

2.3.10 Mung

- Mc ch s dng: nh vy c, co tht c.

- Yu cu: Phi chc chn v khng b oxy ha.

- Lu : Cn phi v sinh mung sch s trc v sau khi co tht c.

2.3.11 L xt cn

- Mc ch s dng: ng cn, x phng kh trng tay trc khi vo phn xng ch bin.

- Yu cu: Cn kh trng cho tng khu trong phn xng.

2.4 H thng my mc, thit b s dng ti cng ty

2.4.1 T ng gi

Hnh 3. T ng gi

Cu to

1. Qut gi

2. Cnh qut gi

3. Dy in ni

4. Ca

5. Li ht gi hi v

6. Con lc7. G kha

8. Dy

9. ng thot nhit

10.Vanh ph

11. ng ht dch

Nguyn l hot ng

- Chy qut cho ro nc

- M cng tc cp dch khi my ro nc, bm dch s cung cp lng ( gas) t bnh thp p vo dn lnh thong qua van in t v van tip liu. Qut s i lu khng kh lnh u khp t. Khi t t c nhit theo yu cu ( -380C2) th m t ra a khay sn phm cn ng ln tng ngn, ngn ng thit b theo bng ng ry nn thun tin cho vic ly sn phm ra vo thit b ( thng t cha 300kg/gi).

- Ty theo loi v kch c sn phm m thi gian cp ng khc nhau, sau thi gian cp ng sn phm t -180C th ly ra.

Thng s k thut

Nhit t ng gi: -382

Dng ng block Thi gian cp ng: 3-3.5 gi

Thi gian v t, ra t: 15 pht.

V sinh t ng sau mi m.

u im Cu to n gin, d vn hnh. Chim khng gian nh. C tnh linh hot cao, p dng cho mi sn phm c hnh dng v kch thc thay i. Nhc im Tnh chnh xc v hiu qu khng cao. Tc dng kh thi ca khng kh cha t mc cn bng cao.

Thi gian cp chm nn cht lng sn phm gim.

2.4.2 T ng tip xc:

Hnh 4: T ng tip xc

Cu to:

1. Ben thy lc2. ng dn lnh

3. Cng tc iu khin h thng

4. Cht gi

5. ng dn lnh vo6. Mm lnh

7. Ca

8. Vch ngn

9. Lnh cht ra

10. Lnh cht vo

- Cu to plate ( bng mng) bng kim loi, h s gin nhit tt, gm nhiu tm ghp vo nhau to thnh cu trc hnh ch Z nhm tn dng ht nhit lnh ca my chng t ti nhit vn hnh.

- Pha trn t l b phn c hc nng ln hoc h xung dn Plate khong 100 200 mm. Hi mi cht lnh c trong tm Plate qua 2 ng dn chnh: 1 dn mi cht vo v 1 dn mi cht ra. Nguyn l hot ng T cp ng dng lm lnh sn phm trong thi gian tng i ngn t 3-4 gi, nhit tm sn phm -180C. T ng gm cc ngn lm lnh c th nng h c nh mt h thng thy lc hoc kh nn, bn trong cc ngn c cha mi cht lnh v mi ngn u c ng dn mi cht lnh ti v cc ng dn hi v my nn. Sn phm lm lnh c t trn cc ngn, nhit lng s truyn t sn phm qua cc ngn ti mi cht lnh. Mi cht lnh ha hi v c ht v my nn, h thng nng h s lm cc ngn gn li vi nhau, khi nguyn liu tip xc vi hai pha ca cc ngn. Do , thi gian lm lnh s c rt ngn. Thng s k thut Nng sut: 1500kg/ m.

Thi gian chy t n nhit cp ng: 5- 10 pht.

Thi gian cp ng: 3-3.5 gi.

Nhit t ng: -380C2 Thi gian v t/ ra t: 20 pht.

V sinh t sau 3 m: bng cch st nc lm tan bng trn tm Plate cng nh trn cc ng ng dn tc nhn lnh. Khi ra cc tm Plate, phun nc t tm di cng ri st dn ln trnh gy p lc lm h cc tm Plate.

u im Lm lnh ng nhanh do tip xc trc tip.

Trao i nhit ch yu nh tip xc vi kim loi, v vy n hn ch nhng nh hng xu ca khng kh i vi thc phm. Sn phm sau khi cp ng c b mt phng, bng, p. Nhc im Khng c ng dng linh hot v kch c nh dng kh thi.

Thi gian lnh ng ph thuc vo kch c khi c

2.4.3 Bnh cha cao p:

Hnh 5: Bnh cha cao p

Cu to:

1. ng dch ra dn lnh

2. ng cn bng p st

3. p k

4. Van an ton

5. ng x hi6. ng dch lng t ng x hi v

7. ng lng t dn ngng v

8. ng x du

9. V bnh bng thp chu p lc

10. Knh xem mc lng

Trong h thng lnh, BCCA l thit b dng cha lng mi cht lng sau khi ngng t t thit b ngng t. BCCA c tc dng gii phng b mt trao i nhit ca thit b ngng t v m bo lng lng cp cho pha h p. Nguyn tc hot ng:

Nh chnh lch p sut thy tnh gia dn ngng v bnh cha cao p, thng qua ng cha s (1) dch Freon sau khi ngng t, ha lng chy v bnh cha cao p theo ng cha s (7). Qua ng ng (1) ly dch t bnh cha cao p em phn phi cho dn lnh bnh trung gian, bnh tch kh. ng s (5) c tc dng ly kh khng ngng t bnh cha cao p dn qua bnh tch kh khng ngng ra khi h thng lnh. Mc dch trong bnh cha c quan st nh dn ng s (11) ni vi ng xem mc dch. Do t trng du nng hn Freon cho nn du x nh k ra ngoi qua ng ng s (8) pha di ca bnh. Trn ng s (1) c lp thm van np gas, sau khi h thng thiu gas.2.4.4 Bnh ngng mi cht Freon:

Bnh ngng t l thit b trao i nhit ngc dng nn mi cht lng c qu lnh ngay thit b ngng t. y l bnh ngng ng chm nm ngang. Ti bnh ngng mi cht lng s c lm mt bng nc nh thp gii nhit.Do cc cht frn c tnh ty ra mnh nn phi v sinh bn trong ng ng rt sch s v h thng nn c trang b b lc c kh. u im

- Bnh ngng ng chm nm ngang, gii nhit bng nc nn hiu qu gii nhit cao, mt dng nhit kh ln q = 3000 6000 W/m2, k= 8001000 W/m2.K, chnh nhit trung bnh t = 56 K. D dng thay i tc nc trong bnh c tc thch hp nhm nng cao hiu qu trao i nhit, bng cch tng s pass tun hon nc.

- Hiu qu trao i nhit kh n nh, t ph thuc vo nhit mi trng.

- Cu to chc chn, gn v rt tin li trong vic lp t,c sut tiu hao kim loi nh, khong 4045 kg/m2 din tch b mt trao i nhit, hnh dng p ph hp vi yu cu thm m cng nghip.

- D ch to, lp t, v sinh, bo dng v vn hnh.

- C th s dng mt phn ca bnh lm bnh cha, c bit tin li trong cc h thng lnh nh, v d nh h thng kho lnh.

- t h hng v tui th cao: i vi cc loi dn ngng t kiu khc, cc ng st thng xuyn phi tip xc mi trng nc v khng kh nn tc n mn ng trao i nhit kh nhanh. i vi bnh ngng, do thng xuyn cha nc nn b mt trao i nhit hu nh lun lun ngp trong nc m khng tip xc vi khng kh. V vy tc n mn din ra chm hn nhiu.

Nhc im

- i vi h thng ln s dng bnh ngng khng thch hp v khi ng knh bnh qu ln, khng m bo an ton. Nu tng dy thn bnh s rt kh gia cng ch to. V vy cc nh my cng sut ln, t khi s dng bnh ngng.

- Khi s dng bnh ngng, bt buc trang b thm h thng nc gii nhit gm: Thp gii nhit, bm nc gii nhit, h thng ng ng nc, thit b ph ng nc vv nn tng chi ph u t v vn hnh. Ngoi bung my, yu cu phi c khng gian thong bn ngoi t thp gii nhit. Qu trnh lm vic ca thp lun lun ko theo bay hi nc ng k, nn chi ph nc gii nhit kh ln, nc thng lm m t khu ln cn, v th nn b tr xa cc cng trnh.

- Kch thc bnh tuy gn, nhng khi lp t bt buc phi dnh khong khng gian cn thit hai u bnh v sinh v sa cha khi cn thit.

- Qu trnh bm bn trn b mt ng ng tng i nhanh, c bit khi cht lng ngun nc km.

Khi s dng bnh ngng ng v nm ngang cn quan tm ch hin tng bm bn b mt bn trong cc ng trao i nhit, trong trng hp ny cn v sinh bng ho cht hoc c kh. Thng xuyn x cn bn ng li thp gii nhit v b sung nc mi. X kh v cn ng nc.2.4.5 Bnh trung gian: Cu to

A. ng hi ra; B. Lng vo; C. Lng ra; D. ng tit lu; E. Hi vo.

Hnh 5: Bnh trung gian nm ngangBnh trung gian kiu nm ngang c kch thc khng ln, nn thng khng trang b cc thit b bo v nh van phao, van an ton v ng h p sut. Bnh trung gian kiu nm ngang c s dng lm mt trung gian hi nn cp 1 v qu lnh lng trc tit lu vo dn lnh.S dng bnh trung gian kiu nm ngang c hiu qu gii nhit rt tt, nhng chi ph r hn so vi bnh trung gian kiu t ng v cu to nh gn, t trang thit b i km. Bnh trung gian kiu nm ngang cng c bc cch nhit dy khong 5075 mm, bn ngoi bc tn bo v.2.4.6. My vy:

Hnh 6: Thit b xay

Do my cy c nhiu nhc im v khng m bo yu cu v sinh thc phm, nn hin nay hu ht cc x nghip ch bin thc phm u s dng my vy sn xut phc v ch bin thc phm, c bit trong cc x nghip ch bin thy sn, yu cu v ch bin rt ln.

My vy l my to ra c dng l cc mnh nh. Qu trnh lm c thc hin bn trong mt ng tr c 2 lp, gia l mi cht lnh lng bay hi, l ci .Ci c dng hnh tr trn c ch to t vt liu inox, c 2 lp. gia 2 lp l mi cht lnh lng bo ha. Nc c bm tun hon bm t b cha nc t pha di bm ln khay cha nc pha trn. Nc t khay chy qua h thng ng v phun ln b mt bn trong ca tr v c lm lnh, mt phn ng li thnh b mt bn trong, phn d chy v b v tip tc c bm ln.

Khi ng dy th c h thng dao ct ct ri xung pha di. Pha di ci l kho cha . Ngi s dng ch vic m ca xc ra s dng.

y s dng phng php ct bng h thng dao quay.

Dao ct quay c gn trn trc quay ng trc vi ci v c xoay nh m t t pha trn. Tc quay c th iu chnh c, do vy ct ra s c kch thc khc nhau ty thuc vo tc quay. Khi ct dao t ln b mt ct nn ma st ln. Tc quay ca trc tng i chm nh hp gim tc.

- Kho cha :

Kho cha t ngay di ci , thng c lp ghp t cc tm polyurethane dy 100mm. Ring b mt y c lt thm 01 lp inox bo v panel.

c im h thng my vy

u im:

- Chi ph u t kh nh. H thng my vy khng cn trang b b mui, h thng cu chuyn, b nhng, bn lt, kho cha v my xay nn gi thnh kh thp so vi my cy.

- Chi ph vn hnh nh: Chi ph vn hnh bao gm chi ph nhn cng, in v nc. Do h thng my vy rt n gin, t trang b hn my cy rt nhiu nn chi ph vn hnh cng thp.

- Thi gian lm ngn, thng sau khong cha y 1 gi c th c s dng.

- m bo v sinh v ch ng trong sn xut. Cc khu sn xut v bo qun u c tin hnh rt m bo yu cu v sinh, nn cht lng rt tt.

- Tn tht nng lng nh.

Ngy nay s dng vy ch bin thy sn l iu bt buc i vi x nghip ch bin thy sn mun c cp code E.U nhp hng vo th trng E.U

Nhc im:

- V c dng vy, kch c nh nn ch c s dng ti ch l ch yu, kh vn chuyn i xa v bo qun lu ngy.

- Ci to vy l thit b kh ch to, gi tng i cao.

- Phm vi s dng: Ch yu dng bo qun trong dy chuyn cng ngh ti cc x nghip ch bin thc phm.

Cch v sinh thit b vy

- Tc cp dch ci vy, cho my chy rt gas ht v bnh cha ca h thng t 15-20 pht.

- X ht nc bn cha nc ca ci qua van x y.

- Sau khi x kh nc bn cha, dng bn chi ch sch trong thnh v y bn.

- Sc ra bn cha ca ci bng chlorin pha long 50%

- Lau chi bng x phng bn trong thnh ci v trn.

- V sinh sch s cc ng ng nc ca ci. nh k hng thng v sinh ci vy 1 ln.

PHN 3QUY TRNH CNG NGH

3.1. Quy trnh cng ngh ch bin mt hng c da fillet lnh ng3.1.1. Quy trnh cng ngh3.1.2 Thuyt minh quy trnh

3.1.2.1. Nguyn liu v tip nhn nguyn liu Nguyn liu c thu mua t cc ni vn chuyn v nh my bng t v xe gn my.

Yu cu nguyn liu:

C khng d tt, b bnh.

Bng v hu mn bnh thng. C khng b thng da xay xt trong qu trnh vn chuyn.

C khng sng trong mi trng nhim.

C khng cn d lng khng sinh, d lng cc cht c hi. Nguyn liu trc khi thu mua c b phn thu mua kim sot cc ch tiu khng sinh, d lng cc cht c hi, giy cam kt v vic kim sot cht lng c trong qu trnh nui khng s dng khng sinh cm, khng sinh hn ch/ thc n c kim sot, nguyn liu c thu mua v vn chuyn v nh my. Mi ln nguyn liu v s c ba b phn t chc thu mua, kim tra l cn b KCS, qun c phn xng ch bin v cng nhn. Sau khi c c a xung xe th hn c ra nn cn b KCS v qun c kim tra, la chn v phn c s b.

Cn b KCS va kim tra cht lng, phn c, cn nguyn liu v ghi chp s liu. Qun c cng va kim tra, phn c, cn nguyn liu ng thi qua vic cn nguyn liu ln k hoch sn xut trong ngy v nhng ngy tip theo.

3.2.2 Ra (1)

Thng s cng ngh: Nhit nc ra 4oC.

Mc ch: Ra sch tp cht, nht bn bm trn thn c. Thay nc ra sau 20 ln ra (khong 300 kg).

3.2.3 Phi l Mc ch: Tch hai ming c hai bn thn c ra khi u v ni tng, khi fillet cn trnh lm v phn ni tng, v y l ngun vi sinh vt ln, d gy nh hng n cht lng c.

Tin hnh: Gi c pha trc mt, lng c quay v pha ngi fillet, dng dao ct t phn sau phn xng u n xng sng lng, t ct song song vi phn lng theo st trc sng v ko di n ui phn tht dnh st xng cng t cng tt, cui cng ct ri ming c fillet bng mi dao, mt thn cn li tin hnh tng t.

Yu cu k thut:

Vt ct phi phng, st cnh, ming c fillet phi p.

Khng st tht, khng v ni tng. Dao fillet phi sch, st bn, khng dng mi dao.

Nc s dng ra trong lc fillet phi sch loi b ht mu c

Cng nhn phi v sinh c nhn sch s.

Ph phm ring vn chuyn ra ngoi.

Fillet ng k thut

C sau khi fillet chuyn sang cng on kim tra ming fillet3.2.4 Kim tra ming phi l

C sau khi tin hnh lng phi l s c kim tra li trc khi phn c.

Ly phn xng cn st li trn c.

Ct b phn tht km cht lng, phn mu bm. Mc ch ca vic ct b ny l lm cho ming phi l m bo v cht lng khng b nhim bn bi ni tng, bin mu v lm cho ming phi l cn i, ng u.

Loi b nhng ming phi l khng m bo tiu chun cht lng.

Cng on ny, ming phi l va c kim tra va c ra sch bng nc lnh c nhit 40C.

Yu cu: Ming phi l p, sch xng, sch mu bm.

2.3.5 Phn c:

Mc ch: To cho sn phm c ng u v c kch c p p ng theo yu cu ca khch hng.

Thao tc: Cc ming phi l sau khi c kim tra, ra sch v tin hnh phn c bng cn.

C Da phi l c phn lm bn c theo n v gam (g): 300 500, 500 800, 800 1200 v trn 1200.

Cc ming phi l sau khi phn c c b vo r nha km theo th phn c.

Yu cu: Phi to s ng u.

3.2.6 St trng, xp khay

Thng s cng ngh: Nhit bn thnh phm 150C. St trng

Sau khi phn c, c c ra sch hai ln na trc khi xp ri vo khay a i cp ng.

Ln 1: Ra bng nc lnh c pha thm chlorin 5 ppm. Nhng ngp r ng c v lc u trong thi gian khong 5 7 giy.

Ln 2: Nhng vo thng nc lnh, lc u trong khong thi gian 5 7 giy v em xp khay.

Xp khay

Khay, cc tm chn v cc tm PE c chun b trc.

Ra sch vi nc c pha thm chlorin c nng 5ppm.

p khay xung cho kh khun.

Ra sch du DOP trn bao PE, lm kh bao trc khi xp c.

Cch xp khay:

Tri mt lp bao PE ph y khay v xp ri tng ming phi l, phn mt ct quay xung y khay. Mi khay thng xp hai lp, c nh c th xp ba lp. Mi lp xp t 2 - 4 ming ty theo c c. Cch mi lp ta tri mt tm PE v tm chn ngn cch. C th xp cho n ht. y ming PE bc ngoi v b th c vo. Mi khay c xp theo mt c nht nh.

Lu :

Cc ming phi l xp trong mi lp khng c st nhau, hay tip xc vi nhau m phi cch la nhau trnh hin tng gn, dnh cht vo nhau khi cp ng gy kh khn cho vic ra ng cng on tip theo.

iu chnh tm PE dnh st vo c ui ht khng kh ra khi ming phi l.

Gi cho ming phi l phng, thng.

Hnh dng ca ming phi l phi cn theo hnh dng ban u ca con c, khng ko di qu lm mt cn i.

Xp mm ch cp ng

Thng s cng ngh:

- Nhit bn thnh phm ch ng 100C.

- Thi gian ch ng 4 gi.

Mc ch:

- Ch lng hng mi cho vo t ng.

- Hn ch s thay i ti a s bin i cht lng sn phm.

- Hng qu nhiu cha chy ng ht.

Thao tc:

- C sau khi xp khay a vo hm ch ng vi nhit 0 - 40C. - Thi gian ch ng 4gi.

Yu cu:

- Bn thnh phm trong kho/ bn ch ng phi c xut nhp theo nguyn tc vo trc, ra trc.

- Lun duy tr nhit kho ch ng: -1 4 0C.

- Nhit bn thnh phm ch ng 100C v thi gian ch ng 4 gi.

- Khng c xp chng khay c trc tip ln tht c

- Xp khay theo tng dy to thng thong v to iu kin cho vic hp th nhit nhanh v trnh s h hng khi ch ng.

Cch xp:

- Mi mm c 11 tng. Mi tng xp hai lp khay cha 4 5 khay.

- Xp mm xong ta phi a i cp ng ngay trong trng hp hng nhiu

Trong trng hp hng t v c nhiu mt hng khc nhau th sau khi xp mm xong th a qua cng on ch ng. Thi gian ch ng khng qu 4 gi. Vic vn chuyn cc khay ra khi hm ch ng cn tun theo ng nguyn tc vo trc ra trc, trnh trng hp cc khay lu li trong kho qu lu.

3.2.7 Cp ng

Thng s cng ngh:

- Nhit trung tm sn phm - 180C- Thi gian chy ng 4 giMc ch: Nhm ko di c thi gian lu tr v phn phi sn phm v m bo c cht lng ti tt ca sn phm.

Thao tc: Trc khi cp ng, t ng phi c v sinh sch s, khi ng 10 15 pht h nhit t xung -10 -150C th mi bt u cho hng vo t.Xp tng khay c vo t ng gi. Khi s lng th cho my vn hnh.Ty vo lng hng c trong hm m thi gian cp ng khc nhau, thng th thi gian cp ng cho c da phi l l t 8 9 gi. Nu hng nhiu th thi gian chy ng lu hn (10 12 gi) v ngc li khi t hng th thi gian ngn hn (7 8 gi).

Trong thi gian chy ng, nhit trong hm lun gi n nh t 40 450C. Thi gian kt thc cp ng v cho hng ra khi nhit trung tm sn phm t t 18 200C.

Thng xuyn theo gii nhit trong hm ng qua nhit k. Thao tc vo v ra hng phi nh nhng, nhanh, gn. 3.2.8 Ra ng, tch khay

( Ra ng

Trc khi ra hng phi chun b y dng c v nc m bng. Tt c phi c ty ra, kh trng sch s. Hng vo khng cng lc th lc ra hng cng khng th cng mt lc. Do , h thng chy ng vn tip tc chy bnh thng.

Trong trng hp ra hng khng ngng h thng cp ng, ngi cng nhn vo hm a hng ra phi mang bo h lao ng c chng, trnh b cm lnh nh hng xu n sc kho. Cn phi thao tc nhanh chng ng ca hm li, trnh vic ra ng chm trong thi gian di lm cho nhit hm ng tng ln gy ra hao tn nng lng, tng thi gian chy ng.

Hm ng sau khi ra ht mt m hng phi c v sinh sch s tip tc chy m khc.

( Tch khay

Mc ch: Tch ring tng ming c thun tin cho vic bao gi v m bng d dng.

Thao tc: Khay sau khi a ra ng dng tay n mnh t 2 gc i din ca khay nhm tch c ra khi khay.

Yu cu:

- G ming c nh nhng v trnh trng hp ming c b gy i.

- Khng c x bao PE v lm rch bao v dnh bao vo ming c.

- Khu tch khay phi nhanh chng v gn gng.

Ch : Sau khi tch khay cn cho c vo ng tng c vi nhau. Mi c cho vo mt r v b th c vo thun tin cho cng on cn v bao gi tip theo.

3.2.9 M bng

M bng l to nn mt lp bng mng ln trn b mt sn phm cn gi l o nc. Mc ch:

Bo v sn phm trnh b mt nc.

To lp mng trn b mt sn phm lm gim tc oxi ha sn phm.

Lm b mt ming c ln, cc ming c khng dnh vo nhau.

Lng nc hnh thnh trn b mt sn phm ph thuc vo: Thi gian m bng.

Nhit nc m bng

Nhit sn phm.

C c v dng sn phm.

Thao tc:

- Chun b mt bn nc m bng. Bn nc m bng c cha nng chlorin l 5ppm. V phi dng nc sch m bng. T l m bng l 20% hoc theo yu cu khch hng.- Nhng trc tip r c vo bn nc m bng pha sn, thi gian nhng vo nc m bng l 3-5 giy. ro v cn mi r l 2,5 kg.

Yu cu:

- Lun m nhit lnh theo yu cu, b mt ming c phi bng p.

- Khng c m bng qu lu, v m bng lu lm cho ming c mm v s tan bng th s nh hng n cht lng v khi lng sn phm.

Qu trnh m bng phi thng xuyn b sung nc m bng, thm vy v thay nc m bng mi, trnh hin tng nc qua nhiu ln b bn v nhit nc m bng tng ln. Nhc im ca phng php nhng vo thng nc:

- Nhit ban u ca nc c th tng i cao so vi b mt sn phm lnh ng, n c lm gim xung khi qu trnh m bng tip din v v th chiu dy ca lp bng thay i.

- Nc s bn sau vi ln nhng.3.2.10 Cn, ng thng

Thao tc cn v ng thng c tin hnh cng mt lc. Sau khi cn xong th ng thng ngay. Mi thng c mt c ring.

Bao gi phi kn gp phn vo vic ngn cn s oxy ho sn phm. Vt liu c chn la bao gi cn phi c kh nng ngn cn s thm thu hi nc cao ngn chn s bc hi nc ca c trong sut qu trnh bo qun.C ba loi thng: loi 12kg, 25kg v 27kg. Loi 25kg v 27kg l loi cha phi l c 12 up (mi ming phi l trn 1200g).

Thng c dng ng loi mt hng c da phi l ny l thng catton.

Cc ming phi l khi xp vo thng phi thng theo ng hnh dng ca n v st vo nhau. Hn ch ti a cc khong trng khng gian trong thng. V nhng khong trng ny s l ni cha kh c th lm cho thnh phm nhanh hng trong thi gian bo qun.

Ghi r cc s hiu ln thng nh: kch c, trng lng tnh ca thng. Ngoi thng ghi c Da PL, 5 8 v 12kg c ngha thng ny ng mt hng c da c c ca mi ming phi l trong thng l 500 800g v trng lng tnh ca sn phm l 12kg.

Sau khi ghi r s liu trn thng, thng c a n ch my sit thng. Thao tc sit thng c thc hin bng my sit thng. Mi thng c sit hai dy dc v hai dy ngang i vi loi thng c trng lng tnh 12kg, 25kg. Cn loi thng 27kg thng c chiu di ln hn nhiu chiu rng v chiu cao nn c sit 4 6 dy theo chiu di ca thng.

Thng sau khi sit bao c xp thnh mt khi t 40 50 thng a vo kho lnh bo qun thnh phm.

3.2.11 Bo qun kho lnh

Thng s cng ngh: Nhit bo qun -20%

Mc ch: Duy tr nhit ca sn phm nhm trnh tan bng ca sn phm.

Thao tc: Sn phm sau khi ng thng xong phi chuyn ngay vo kho lnh v theo th t nht nh trnh cc trng hp nhm ln cc loi hng vi nhau v thun tin cho vic xut xng.

Cc bin i trong qu trnh bo qun

Bin i cm quan: Thay i cng, mi v v mu sc ca sn phm.

Bin i vt l: Hao ht khi lng (nc ca sn phm thng hoa, nc khuych tn khi c s kt tinh li ca cc tinh th nc v kh nng ht v gi nc ca sn phm gim lm tng s khuych tn nc khi tan gi), chy lnh sn phm.

Bin i ha hc: Protein bin tnh (do mt nc lm thay i cu trc), oxy ha cht bo. Yu cu: Nhit kho bo qun phi lun lun t n nhit l - 200C 2 Ch :

( Trong kho khng c cha cc mt hng phi thu sn trnh hin tng ly nhim vi sinh vt, to mi v l cho thnh phm.

( Kho lnh hot ng lin tc 24/24 gi cp lnh cho cho thnh phm, tr trng hp x tuyt, thi gian x tuyt khng qu 30 pht.

( Thao tc a hng vo kho phi nhanh chng, khn trng trnh hin tng tng nhit trong kho. Nhit dao ng trong kho phi khng vt qu 3 50C.

( Thnh phm c bo qun trong kho vi thi gian khng qu 3 4 thng.

3.2.12 Xut hng

y l cng on cui cng trong quy trnh cng ngh ch bin c Da phi l lnh ng ca Cng ty. Hng c xut ra khi kho khi c s tho thun v gi c cng nh cht lng gia bn bn l Cng ty v bn mua l khch hng ca Cng ty.

Nguyn tc xut hng l hng vo trc th xut trc v vo sau s xut sau.3.3 Cc ch tiu thnh phm i vi mt hnh c da phi l lnh ng

3.3.1 Hnh dng bn ngoi

C mu sc c trng ca c da phi l. Ming c phi l khng b mt nc, bng, sng; trng lng, kch c phi ng tiu chun. Tht c khng c m en hay nt, rn khng c ln st xng.

ng chng loi, c, trng lng tnh, khng ln tp cht3.2.2 Mi v

C da sau khi tan gi ch bin ra cc mn n khc nhau phi c mi thm c trng, c v ngt, khng c mi l.3.3.3 Tnh cht c hc

Tht c sau khi tan gi ch bin cc mn n khc phi sn chc, khng b nhn nt, mm hay xp.3.3.4 Yu cu vi sinh vt

Theo tiu chun Vit Nam: TCVN 5289 1992

S khun lc/1g sn phm: SKL/1g SP

1. Tng s vi khun hiu kh, SKL/1g SP:

1 x 1062. Coliforms, SKL/1g SP:

2 x 1023. Staphylococcus aureus, SKL/1g SP:

1 x 1024. Escherichia Coli, trong 1g sn phm:khng c.

5. Samonella, trong 25g sn phm:khng c.

6. Shigela, trong 25g sn phm:khng c.

PHN 4

CC DNG BIN I V H HNG CA C DA PHI L TRONG QU TRNH CH BIN BO QUN

4.1 Nhng h hng xy ra trong qu trnh sn xut v cc bin php khc phc

4.1.1 Nhng h hng xy ra khi tip nhn nguyn liu:

C c nh bt t di h nui v vn chuyn n nh my, c m bo tt nht v an ton nhng vn c nhng h hng xy ra trong khi nh bt, vn chuyn ln xe, phn loi, ct tit, u nh hng n cht lng ca sn phm.

H hng xy ra trong qu trnh nh bt:

V c nui di ao, h nn vic nh bt ch yu dng li bt. Do c s rt d b h hng sau khi c cht do hm lng glycogen gim. Ngoi ra c cn mc li va p vo nhau cng nh hng n cht lng ca c.

nh hng ca qu trnh vn chuyn:

- Vn chuyn c ln xung xe s c nhiu dng c tc ng trc tip n c nh: ky nha, r nha, thnh xe

- C ln thng xe nhiu th lng oxy khng cung cp cho c, c s cht.

xut cc bin php nng cao cht lng ca nguyn liu

- Dng li nh bt phi din ra nhanh gn v trnh cho c vng vy nhiu.

- Cc thao tc vn chuyn ln xe hoc xung xe phi nh nhng cn thn.

- Vic bo qun c phi ng t l c//nc, m bo nhit khng qu thp, hay qu cao so vi nhit c nguyn liu t ti .

4.1.2 Nhng h hng thng xy ra trong qu trnh s ch x l nguyn liu

Trong cng tc phi l

- Qu trnh phi l thng xy ra nhng h hng nh: Lm nt tht trong xng.

- C phi l xong khng cho trn b mt ca c th n s nh hng v bin i v cht lng ca bn thnh phm.

Nhng h hng xy ra trong thao tc ra.

- Qu trnh ngm ra c thng xuyn din ra lin tc trong nhiu ln trong mt chu trnh sn xut. Nu ra c khng ng k thut, khng ng nng chlorin s nh hng rt ln n cht lng ca c nht l bn thnh phm.

- Sau khi x l c c tht c rt d nhim bn v nhim ho cht trong thao tc ra. Nu nng chlorin trong nc qu cao s tn ng li trong ming c mt lng ho cht. Do ta ra tp trung trong mt r nn ln ra 2 kh lm tri ht lng ho cht trong ming c.

- Nu nng chlorin qu thp so vi yu cu s khng loi tr ht c tp cht bn, khng lm sch bn thnh phm.

- Nu bn nc 2 khng lin tc chy trn th s tn ng li cc tp cht trn r c v trn bn s gy nhiu kh khn cho vic ra tri cc tp cht cn bm li.

xut bin php khc phc

- Cn phi thc hin cc thao tc theo yu cu v ng k thut.

- Thng xuyn r trn bn ch bin hoc bt c ni no c bn thnh phm m cha kp lm cng on sau.

- Thng xuyn thay nc ra m bo v sinh cao nht, m bo cht lng ca sn phm v an ton v sinh thc phm theo qui nh.

- Thao tc lm vic phi lun lun nhanh gn v ng k thut.

- Nng cao thc v tay ngh cho cng nhn.

4.1.3 Nhng h hng thng gp bn thnh phm

H hng xy ra trong cp ng:

- Khi xp hng vo cabin nn t ng v tr v gn gng, cn to iu kin tt cho vic truyn nhit vo cc mm c. Nu vic xp khay vo cabin gy cn tr cho vic truyn nhit, sn phm ng li khng ng nht th mt hng ny khng t yu cu.

- Nhit t ng phi t - 40 - 500C th mi t tiu chun cho tng sn phm, nu qu thp s lm cho sn phm t ti u, ko di thi gian chy ng s lm hao ht khi lng ca sn phm. Nu nhit vt trn -450C th s lm cho sn phm d b chy lnh.

H hng xy ra trong khi tch khay:

Vic tch khay thng xy ra nhanh, thao tc phi dt khot nn d dng v ming sn phm, v nt ra tng mnh ca sn phm, rch bao PE dnh vo ming c. Nu thao tc chm khng dt khot cng s ko di thi gian ca sn phm tip xc vi khng kh bn ngoi s lm tan bng v gim cht lng ca sn phm.

H hng xy ra trong khi m bng:

- M bng c mc ch chnh xc hn l lm tng thm khi lng ca sn phm ln 20%.

- Nu nc m bng khng t yu cu v m bng lu, nhiu ln khng trit s nh hng n c cht lng v thm m ca mt hng. M bng lu v nhiu ln s lm cho khi lng bng trong ming c s tan ra lm mm sn phm.

- Nu m bng t s lm cho b mt sn phm khng c lng v khng tng trng lng.

H hng khi bao gi, bo qun sn phm:

- Bao gi sn phm gip cho sn phm khng tip xc trc tip ti thng carton v khng kh bn ngoi. Thao tc bao gi phi din ra nhanh, gn.

- Nu ngi cng nhn ring dy kch c nhm ln th s lm sai mt hng ny vi mt hng kia s nh hng khng nh ti uy tn ca cng ty vi khch hng.

- Kt bng keo phi dnh v chc trnh trng hp khng kh bn ngoi lt vo sn phm. .

- Nin dy cho ng mu sc v ng nht, nu lm sai mu s gy kh khn cho vic xut hng. Nin dy qu lng th s bung dy ra v to iu kin cho khng kh lt vo trong khi vn chuyn

- Nhit d phng bo qun l -180C nu thp qu s lm gim nhit sn phm. xut cc bin php nng cao cht lng sn phm, thnh phm:

- Yu cu cng nhn vo t vn hnh, ra t cn phi tun theo cc nguyn tc v ni dung lm vic ca phn xng ca cng ty, nhm m bo an ton khi lm vic v m bo c cht lng sn phm thnh phm.

- Cc thao tc nh: tch khay, ra hng, m bng cn phi hp l v ng k thut, kim sot lng hng ra nhp nhng vi tin lm vic din ra lin tc v theo tng dy chuyn. Nghim khc vi nhng cng nhn c tnh lm sai nguyn tc lm vic.

4.2 Nhng bin i ca c da phi l trong qu trnh ch bin bo qun

4.2.1 Bin i i vi c nguyn liu

ng vt thy sn ni chung v c ni ring sau khi cht u c nhng bin i rt phc tp, c bit l cc bin i su sc v ha hc, l cc qu trnh phn gii, phn hy t nhin lm cho nguyn liu bin cht h hng. S bin i ca ng vt thy sn c th chia lm 4 giai on:

Tit nht

t cng t phn gii thi ra

Nhng bin i trn khng phi tun theo mt th t nht nh m chng thng gi ln nhau. S bin i hoc song song, hoc l cui qu trnh ny bt u ca qu trnh khc ni tip nhau.

Tng qut nhng bin i ca ng vt thy sn sau khi cht:

4.2.1.1 Giai on tit nht ngoi c th

C khi cn sng lun tit nht ra ngoi c th bo v lp da ngoi chng li s xm nhp ca cc tc nhn ha hc, sinh hc mi trng xung quanh v lm gim s ma st trong khi bi. Sau khi cht, chng vn tip tc tit cht nht v lng cht nht ny tng dn cho n khi t cng, l s t v cui cng ca chng.

Thnh phn cu to ca cht nht ch yu l glucoprotein l mi trng rt tt cho vi sinh vt pht trin t vi sinh vt chui qua k vy v xm nhp vo da tht c. Nht ban u trong sut, khng mi, sau s bin c, c mi chua v tanh.

giai on ny ch c lp nht b phn hy, cn phn tht c bn trong vn ti tt. Do c th ra sch nht trc khi ch bin lm lnh vn m bo tt cht lng sn phm.

4.2.1.2 Giai on t cng

C th c va nh ch tit nht th bt u co cng li dn dn t c c lan dn theo sng lng n bp c thn v cui cng l ui. giai on ny c tht c vn gi tnh cht n hi. Ming v mang khp cht, c tht cng, thn c nht nht.

S bin i l ha trong khi t cng

S phn gii glycogen

Trong giai on ny, u tin glycogen b phn gii thnh axit lactic vi s tham gia ca ATP

(C6H10O5)n + H2O

2nC3H6O3

Glycogen

axit lactic

Khi glycogen phn gii to ra axit lactic lm cho pH ca c tht thay i. S axit ha mi trng c tc dng hn ch phn no s pht trin ca vi sinh vt gy thi ra.

Hm lng axit lactic v tr s pH l ch tiu quan trng c trng cho phm cht ca ng vt thy sn sau khi cht, kh nng bo qun ca chng ph thuc vo tr s pH.

Khi pH gim xung thp nht (6 - 6,5) th c dn ti trng thi cng nht. Khi pH tr li gn trung tnh th c cng mm dn ra. Ngoi ra, pH cng gim th kh nng ht nc ca c tht c cng gim.

Qu trnh phn gii glycogen khng tin hnh trit n cng m bao gi trong t chc c tht cng cn mt lng nh glycogen. n cui giai on t cng, glycogen tip tc phn gii theo con ng amilo phn to ra maltoza, glucoza, chim glycogen b phn gii.

S phn gii ATP (Adenosin triphotsphat)

ATP l hp cht quan trng tham gia ti nng lng t do trong qu trnh oxy ha cc cht trao i, l ni tch ly nng lng t do cn thit cho s lm vic ca c bp. ATP l cht cn thit nng nga s chuyn trng thi c tht sang trng thi t cng, v vy khi c tht cng nht th ATP mt i rt nhiu.

Ngoi ra, qu trnh t cng cn do s phn hy ATP to thnh ADP v H3PO4. Chnh H3PO4 cng vi axit lactic to thnh sau khi cht lm pH ca c tht gim ti im ng in lm cho protein ng t cun trn v tht cng li.

S phn gii creatinphotsphat

Creatin t do trong c tht tng i t v a s (80%) chng tn ti di dng kt hp vi axit photphoric trong hp cht cao nng gi l creatinphosphat. Creatinphosphat l ngun nng lng dng trong co rt c. Ngay sau khi c cht, creatinphosphat b phn gii nhanh chng tham gia ti to ATP trong qu trnh phn gii glycogen. Khi tin ti t cng th hm lng creatinphosphat cn li rt t.

S to thnh phc cht actomiozin

C sau khi cht, ngay lc lng ATP vn cn, actin dng hnh cu v khng lin kt vi miozin. Sau mt thi gian, cc si c suy yu, miozin kt thnh phc cht vi cc ion kali v canxi v vi c glycogen v ATP na. Khi pH h thp, cc phc cht phn ly. thi im ny, lng ATP gim st, actin dng hnh cu chuyn ha sang hnh si v xon ly cc si miozin v to thnh phc cht actomiozin khin si c co rt, ng thi cc trung tm ho nc ca protein b gim, protein c b cun trn v bp c c gim n hi, co cng v b dehydrat ha.

Actomiozin

Actin + Miozin

Nh vy, qu trnh co cng ca c l do phn gii ATP lm tng hm lng actomiozin khin cho s c co rt. Ngoi ra cn c s to thnh axit lactic v axit photsphoric t do lm gim pH, khin protein bp c b cun trn. giai on ny, tht c sn cng, nhng vn ti tt, cha nhim vi sinh vt.

Cc yu t nh hng n thi gian t cng

Thi gian t cng di hay ngn ph thuc vo nhiu nhn t nh: loi c, phng php nh bt v git cht, ch bo qun. Thi gian t cng vi c th ngn nht l 30 pht v di nht c th ko di ti 3 4 ngy.

- Ging loi c:

Ging loi khc nhau th hm lng glycogen khc nhau v vy thi gian t cng khc nhau. Glycogen nhiu th thi gian t cng ko di v ngc li.

Loi c sng lp nc trn nh c thu, c trch, c ng, c nc,.. chng i li nhiu, hot ng lin tc nn tiu hao nhiu glycogen cho nn sau khi cht qu trnh t cng n rt sm v thi gian t cng cng rt ngn. Tri li loi c sng y nc nh c bn, c ui, c lc sau khi cht s t cng n mun v thi gian t cng li di.

- Trng thi sinh sng:

Hm lng v cht lng thc n: nhiu, t, tt xu dn n hm lng glycogen trong c th nhiu hay t (nhiu thc n th lng glycogen s nhiu) v nh hng n thi gian t cng.

- Phng php nh bt v git cht:

Khi ng vt hot ng nhiu, lng glycogen trong c th gim xung nht l khi hot ng mnh lin tc dn n chng t cng v thi gian t cng ngn.

- Ch bo qun v vn chuyn:

C c vn chuyn v bo qun nh nhng th thi gian t cng n chm v ko di hn. ng thi, nhit bo qun cng thp th thi im t cng n mun v thi gian t cng cng ko di.

4.2.1.3 Qu trnh t phn gii

Sau thi gian t cng, tht c bt u mm li do nhng cht men phn gii c trong bp c ca bn thn nguyn liu phn gii m lin kt, bin i protein t dng phc tp thnh dng n gin. Qu trnh l s t phn gii hoc qu trnh t chn hay tc dng t tiu ha.

Protein

polypeptit

peptit

axit amin

Trong giai on ny, c tht tr nn mm mi, hng v thm ngon, c m ln v d tiu ha. Do giai on ny cn gi l qu trnh t chn. Trong qu trnh ny, chc ca tht c b gim i ng thi vi qu trnh phn ly actomiozin thnh actin v miozin lm gia tng nhng trung tm ho nc trong bp c nn tht c mm dn. Lc ny c cu bp c kh lng lo nn vi sinh vt c iu kin xm nhp, pht trin v phn gii tht c.

Tc phn gii ph thuc vo loi c, nhit , pH, mui n.

4.2.1.4 Qu trnh thi ra

Sau khi qua qu trnh t phn gii, nhiu axit amin c to thnh. Do cc vi sinh vt s bt u phn hy cc axit amin thnh nhng cht n gin hn: indol, phenol, amoniac, dioxit cacbon,... lm cho nguyn liu bin cht h hng, l qu trnh thi ra.

Nh vy vi sinh vt l tc nhn ch yu gy thi ra nguyn liu.

Tht ng vt thy sn thng d b thi ra do:

+ Lng nc trong c th tng i cao, lng m t.

+ C nhiu men ni ti hot ng v hot tnh ca chng rt mnh.

+ nhit bnh thng, di nc, vi khun sng trn thn c rt nhiu nn sau khi c cht chng pht trin mnh to iu kin thc y nhanh qu trnh thi ra.

+ Trong c cht rt t cht min dch t nhin, khng th km.

+ Sau khi c cht d chuyn sang mi trng kim to iu kin cho vi khun pht trin.

+ Kt cu t chc ca tht c lng lo, mm nho.

4.2.2 Bin i ca c trong qu trnh bo qun

( Bin i vt l

Qu trnh lm lnh v bo qun lnh lm bay hi m t b mt nguyn liu. S bay hi m ny lm cho b mt ca c c kh ro.

( Bin i sinh ho

Nhng bin i ny tt yu khng th trnh khi nhng khng c i qu gii hn t phn gii. Ch khi no bo qun qu thi hn cho php th mi c s phn hu protit r rt, tht tr nn nhn v trng n cc si colagen, sau n gai on phn hu mnh v gy thi ra do cc acid amin b dyamin ho, dn dn pht sinh ra indol, meccapton, H2S,glucid c nh hng ln mc d n c s lng t:

Glycogen glucid trung gian ng fructoza

lactaxidogen Hexo-fotfo acid acid lacticng lactoza do ln men vi sinh vt thnh ru, acid proprionic, acid lactic v acid butyric.

Nu nhit bo qun ln hn 00C th qu trnh ha sinh trn cng mnh, hot tnh ph hoi ca vi sinh vt cng cao dn n vic c cng nhanh gim cht lng.

( Bin i vi sinh vt

Khi c cht th h vi sinh vt trong c bt u pht trin theo cp s nhn, do lc ny sc khng ca c th c b suy yu. Vic bo qun bng lnh lc ny nhm mc ch c ch s pht trin ca vi sinh vt, c bit l cc vi sinh vt gy n hng.4.3 Nhng h hng thng gp ca c thnh phm trong kho lnh

4.2.1 Hin tng chy lnh

- Trong qu trnh bo qun lnh ng dn theo thi gian, thu sn ng lnh b chy lm thit hi l hng v nu khng ngn chn kp thi s b thit hi kinh t to ln.

- Xy ra do qu trnh bo qun lnh ng, nhit bo qun khng m bo nhit bo qun l -18 -200C.

- Thi gian bo qun ko di lm cho sn phm b chy lnh.

- Tc hi: Ming thnh phm s b tan bng lm mt nc, tht c s b kh, dn n c b sm mu. Khi s dng lm chn s khng c mi v c trng v t nhin ca n.

- Nguyn nhn:

Do xy ra s truyn nhit t mi trng vo sn phm, ngun nhit khng i t ngoi vo sn phm gy s bc m lin tc, tng t nh s thng hoa nc . V m sn phm u dng tinh th nn thc t khng c s khuych tn m trong sn phm, m b mt sn phm dn dn to nn mt lp xp ngy cng su vo trong, phn ny mt nc v thng hoa, ban u ch b mt, sau lan dn vo lng sn phm. Lp ny cn li chng 30% nc.

S mt nc lm tng tc bin tnh protein v oxy ha cht bo ca c

Do c s tng tc ca oxy khng kh v t bo sn phm b mt nc gy nn nhng bin i v mi v, mu, hnh dng bn ngoi v cc tnh cht khc ca sn phm lm sn phm b kh, dai, mt hng v khi nu, mu sm hn.

- Bin php khc phc: Sn phm phi c m bng u, khng c tr bng sn phm, phi c bao gi k, sn phm cho vo ti PE, hn kn ming ri cho vo thng carton, tip dn bng keo bn ngoi ri mi ning dy tht cht v chc chn cho khi b bung ra, hn ch s trao i m gia nhit mi trng vo sn phm.

- Sn phm phi c bo qun nhit t -18 -200C th mi m bo cht lng cho tng sn phm.

- Sn phm bo qun cng lu th nhit cng thp, gim thi gian m ca ca kho kho bo qun gi nhit tt hn.

4.2.2 Hao ht khi lng trong kho bo qun lnh

Cc nguyn nhn gy ra hin tng hao ht khi lng:

( Do hao ht trng lng t nhin.

( S bc hi nc qu dn n hin tng chy lnh.

( Sn phm thu sn gn my lnh c qut gi phi chu mt tc khng kh cao.

( Thnh phm cht st tng kho, cch xa my lnh trng lng cng b hao ht nhiu do mc phn phi kh lnh km v phi thu nhit t tng kho.

( Sn phm cht st vi my lnh trn trn cng bc hi nhanh v con ng di tn m ngn hn. Thnh phm gn trn v tng kho chu tc ng mnh ca bc x mt tri cng b hao ht cn ln hn na.

( Thnh phm bo qun trong kho lnh chung vi bn thnh phm s chu mc hao ht cao nht.

4.2.3 Tht bn thnh phm b mm, chuyn mu sc c mi hi.

- Tc hi: Lm gim cht lng sn phm, lm gim gi tr cm quan.

- Nguyn nhn: Do ch bin trong thi gian di v khng c bo qun trong nhit lnh to iu kin cho enzim v vi sinh vt gy thi ra pht trin.

- Phng nga v khc phc: Cng nhn s ch phi thao tc nhanh, nh nhng v bn thnh phm phi c p , bo qun cn thn nhit theo yu cu.PHN 5NHN XT V KT LUN5.1. Nhn xt chung:

5.1.1. Thun li:

Ngun nhn lc di do c ti a phng.

Sn phm mang tnh nhu cu, thit yu.

C h thng x l nc cp tt, t tiu chun.

p dng qun l tt h thng qun l cht lng ISO, HACCP.

Phng tin thit b sn xut hin i.

V tr kinh t thun li c v ng thy ln ng b.

Ngun nguyn liu di do sn c trong tnh v khu vc ln cn

i ng nhn vin c trnh .5.1.2. Kh khn: Do quy m nh, nn h thng v sinh cha c tt.

Ni ngh cho cng nhn cn hn ch.

Nhiu khu phi lm th cng nh trong qu trnh vn chuyn t khu ny n khu kia, trong khu lng da...

5.2. Kt lun

sn phm ngy cng t cht lng cao hn na, chng ta cn phi lun ci tin thit b cng ngh, nghin cu a ra nhiu bin php t hiu sut v t kt qu cao. Bn cnh , cht lng sn phm lun c quyt nh cht ch bi h thng qun l cht lng HACCP. Do , cn phi c s kt hp hi ha t nhiu mt nhm ci tin cht lng t hiu qu cao nht p ng nhu cu ngy cng cao ca khch hng trong v ngoi nc.

Hin nay cng ty ang rt ch ng nng cao uy tn thng hiu ca mnh vi nhiu bin php, c bit l s qun l cht ch v vn v sinh an ton thc phm bng h thng qun l cht lng HACCP v to ra c nhng dng sn phm t cht lng tt nht, cng nh p ng c nhu cu ca tht trng v th hiu ngi tiu dng.

l thnh qu m x nghip t c nh s n lc, c gng v s on kt cu ton th Ban Gim c, cn b nhn vin v ton th anh ch em cng nhn khng ngng ci tin k thut cng nh nng cao trnh hiu bit v an ton v sinh thc phm

Qua qu trnh thc tp ti tch ly c nhiu kin thc b ch v rt ra c mt s kinh nghim:

Nm c dy chuyn sn xut.

Nm vng cch la chn v b tr thit b trong tng phn xng.

Cng c v p dng cc kin thc hc hi vo thc t sn xut.

y s l nhng hnh trang kin thc ti bc i u tin trn con ng s nghip sau ny.

Do kin thc v thi gian c hn, bi bo co ca ti cn nhiu thiu st v hn ch, rt mong c s ng gp kin ca qu thy c nhm gip ti b sung thm kin thc cng nh gip cho bi bo co c hon thin hn.Nhiu ATP

Bt u thi

Tc dng ca vi khun

Tc dng t phn gii

Thi ra

Sng

Mm ha

T cng

Trc t cng

Km ti

Ti

Tit nht

Rt ti

Bt u cht

Xut hng

Bo qun kho lnh

Cn, ng thng

M bng

R ng, tch khay

Cp ng

Phn c

Ra (2)

Kim tra ming phi l

Phi l

Ra (1)

Tip nhn nguyn liu

St trng, xp khay

Nguyn liu

3

EMBED AutoCAD.Drawing.16

EMBED AutoCAD.Drawing.16

T sa cha tu b nh xng dng c sn xut

T

c

in

Xng ch bin

T vt t

T

v sinh

T i

sng

T bo v

B phn sn xut

B phn phc v sn xut

B phn k thut

B phn kinh doanh

Phng

k ton ti chnh

Ph gim c

Gim c

B NHNG NG

P.DNG PHNG PHNG PHNG PHNG PHNG

C KCS TNG PH G G KHCH

HP

BH

L

SC 1

BH

L

CB1

KHO PH LIU

XY

KHO

HM MyCom

KHO CH NG

T NG GI

PHNG

CH BIN 1

PHNG

S CH 1

PHNG TIP NHN NGUYN LIU

KHO LNH S 1

KHO LNH S 2

PHNG BAO GI

T NG PLATE

PHNG

CP NG

t ATP

Peptitdaza

Cathepsin

A

B

C

D

E

PHNG

CH BIN 2

PHNG

S CH 2

KHO PH LIU

BHL

SC2+

TNNL

PHNG NG KHUN, KHAY

BHL

CB2

BHL SC2

PHNG MY

KHO BAO B CATTON

KHU VC NC NGM

P.NGH CNG NHN

P.NGH CNG NHN

P.NGH CNG NHN

P.NGH CNG NHN

_1361121984.unknown

_1362057046.unknown

_1362566089.unknown

_1383151145.unknown

_1361388286.unknown

_1361121346.unknown

_1361121399.unknown

_1303702152.dwg

_1361120894.unknown

_1303701958.dwg