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Ningyu Liu, Joseph R.Dwyer, Hamid K.Rassoul
Corona discharges from thundercloud hydrometeors (i.e., water droplets and iceparticles) are an important component in thunder-storm charging and discharging processes (e.g., Loeb,1965; MacGorman and Rust,1998; Rakov andUman,2003). Many studies
have been conducted to investigate the onset condition and the characteristics of corona discharges from water drops and ice particles.
19 September, 2009
60940
60960
60980
61000
61020
61040
61060
61080
21:07:12 21:36:00 22:04:48 22:33:36 23:02:24 23:31:12 0:00:00
UT
Pres
sure
39500
40000
40500
41000
41500
42000
42500
Coun
t rate
Aragats pressure ArNM
4 October, 2010
61360
61370
61380
61390
61400
61410
61420
61430
61440
16:19:12 16:48:00 17:16:48 17:45:36 18:14:24 18:43:12 19:12:00
UT
Pres
sure
37000
37500
38000
38500
39000
39500
40000
40500
41000
Coun
t rate
Aragats Pressure ArNM
21 May, 2009
61450
61500
61550
61600
61650
61700
61750
15:00 15:28 15:57 16:26 16:55 17:24 17:52 18:21
UT
Pres
sure
38500
39000
39500
40000
40500
41000
41500
Coun
t rate
of ne
utron
s
Aragats pressure (impuls) ArNM
3 June, 2009
61480
61490
61500
61510
61520
61530
61540
61550
61560
61570
14:24 14:52 15:21 15:50 16:19 16:48 17:16 17:45 18:14
UT
Pres
sure
(in im
puls)
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
Coun
t rate
(%)
Aragats Pressure SAragats Sevan(100)
7 0ctober, 2012
-3-2-10123456789
101112
13:37 14:06 14:35 15:04 15:33 16:01 16:30
UT
Coun
t rate
(%) a
nd Sp
eed
of W
ind
696.6
696.7
696.8
696.9
697
697.1
697.2
697.3
697.4
Pres
sure
(mb)
Cube middle Aragats speed of wind Aragats pressure
8 October, 2012
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
16:19 16:33 16:48 17:02 17:16 17:31 17:45 18:00 18:14
UT
EF, C
ount
rate(%
) and
Sp
eed
690.5
691
691.5
692
692.5
693
693.5
Pres
sure
Aragats, Electric Field Cube with veto Speed of wind Pressure
Enhancement and deficit of Muon > 5 GeV during thunderclouds?
4 October, 2010
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
18:07 18:14 18:21 18:28 18:36
UT
Ele
ctri
c fi
eld
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
Co
un
t ra
te o
f m
uo
ns
(%)
Aragats Ef Ar muons>5GeV
4 October, 2010
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
17:28 17:42 17:57 18:11 18:25 18:40
Co
un
t ra
te (
%)
AMMM(outside)7MeV muons > 5 gev
3 June, 2009
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
15:50 15:57 16:04 16:12 16:19 16:26 16:33 16:40 16:48
muon>5GeV >10MeV
9 May, 2011
-2.00
-1.00
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
8:52 9:07 9:21 9:36 9:50 10:04 10:19 10:33
Coun
t rat
e (%
)
Outside detector Muons>5 GeV
27 May, 2011
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
12:00 12:28 12:57 13:26 13:55 14:24
UT
Co
un
t ra
te (
%)
AMMM(outside)>7 MeV AMMM(muons > 5 GeV)
26 August, 2010
-3.00
-2.00
-1.00
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
9:21 9:50 10:19 10:48 11:16 11:45
UT
Co
un
t ra
te (
%)
AMMM(outside) AMMM(muons>5GeV)
19 April, 2012
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
12:43:12 12:50:24 12:57:36 13:04:48 13:12:00 13:19:12 13:26:24 13:33:36
UT
Va
lue
of
Ele
ctr
ic F
ield
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
Co
un
t ra
te o
f T
GE
pa
rtic
les
Nor Amberd`s Boltek NAMMM(1,0)
8 January, 2013
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1:38 1:40 1:41 1:43 1:44 1:45 1:47 1:48
UT
Ele
ctri
c fi
eld
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
Co
un
t ra
te (
%)
Aragats EF Ar SEVAN(100) Ar Sevan(middle) Aragats (Geiger) Stand(100)