National Agriculture and Food Research Organization

Nitrous oxide, Methane and Ammonia mitigation trials

in swine wastewater purification

Takashi OSADA Ph.D. and Yasuhiro YAMASHITA Ph.D.

Animal Environment and Waste Management Research Division Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO

JIRCAS-NARO International Symposiumon Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Date: August 31, 2017 Tsukuba International Congress Center

National Agriculture and Food Research Organization

The aim of this presentation is ..

New wastewater treatment, carbon fiber reactor,

possibly reduce

GHG emission,

especially N2O

・GHG from Livestock farming・The livestock sector plays an important role in climate change.

and the Manure-GHG has mitigation potential.・Major manure management in Jp. (esp. wastewater)

・ Field demonstration trials are currently

going on in pig farm / (interim report)

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Livestock: a significant contributor to climate change

With emissions estimated at 7.1 giga tones CO2-eq per annual, representing 14.5 percentof human-induced GHG emissions !

FAO. 2006.

FAO. 2013.

FAO. 2009.

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National Agriculture and Food Research Organization

This year’s report of The State of Food and Agriculture (FAO 2009)

Main GHG source of Agri. above 4%of GHG share

Manure management contribute a major source of GHG

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Reduce the environmental impact for neighbor,

- Air quality (malodor, dust) ,

- Public water quality (N,P and pathogen pollution)…

- Reuse resources of manure as fertilizer

Present manure management really managed manure ?

But not enough for GHG...new issue.

GHG emission

& Manure management quality

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6

Composting

Wastewaterpurification

Solid part

Liquid part

(Gg/y of CO2eq)Livestock housing

1540Gg

4860 Gg

(Dry, Incineration ….)

340 Gg

Piled compost(Deposition)

Forced aeration(Mechanical turn)

Pit storage& spread

300 Gg

Treatment of livestock waste

in Japan (GHG)(G = giga 109)

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Evaluation of GHG emission from Wastewater purification plants (Swine)

0.91% (g CH4 /g vs)2.87% (g N2O-N/g N)

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Pig barn

Wastewater treatment facility

Office

Compost plant

Okayama 1 wastewater treatment facility

Layout

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Sedim

enta

tion

tank

Main aerobic tank

(740ｍ３)

Discharge

( to public

water)

Sand sepa-ration tank

Swine house

三三三

三三三

三三三

三三三

三三三

x4

Okayama 1 CF reactor setting in the facility

Membrane separator

Unit of CF reactor

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Wastewater purification of livestock waste (Swine)

Chamber

Gas Monitor

Snubber tank

Aeration tank

Headspece

Aeration blower

Drawing blower

Gas evaluationDuring the aeration periods:Ea (mg/60 min.) = (Conc. of outlet air (mg/ m3) - Conc. of inlet air (mg/m3))

x Flow-rate (m3/ hour) Settled period (Sediment, not aeration):Es (mg/60 min.) = (Conc. of outlet air (mg/ m3) - Conc. of inlet air (mg m3))

x HS* (m3) HS: Average capacity of head space of reactor tank

(m3)

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Reactions Inside the Treatment Tank

Activated sludge method(conventional method)

Carbon fiber method

Aeration tank

Biofilms

Carb

on

fiberNH4

+

Superficial layer Deep layer

N2

NO3-

Carbon fiber

Biofilms

In activated sludge

NH4+ NO3

- accumulated

N2O

Aeration tank

Nitrifying bacteria

Activated sludge

Activated sludge Activated

sludgeActivated

sludge

Activated sludge

Activated sludge

Activated sludge

Denitrifying bacteria

Nitrifying bacteria

Denitrifying bacteria

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Carbon Fiber Supply Experiment at the Actual Facility (pre evaluation)

Partially supply water by bypass operation (BOD load: 0.3 kg/m3/day)

Area for testing with carbon fiber

Volume:Approx. 1 m3

P

P

A

Wastewater draw-up

Pump

Treated water

Area for comparison(no carbon fiber)

Volume:Approx. 1 m3

P

P

A

Wastewater draw-up

Pump

Aeration 4.8 m3/h

6 pieces (90 cm)

Activated sludge amountMLSS: 5000 mg/L

Pig wastewater introduce

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0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

NH

4-N

, N

O3-N

an

d N

O2-N

(m

g/L

)

Period（days）

Influent NH₄-N Effluent NH₄-N Influent NO₃-N

Effluent NO₃-N Influent NO₂-N Effluent NO₂-N

In the activated sludge (AS) reactor

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

NH

4-N

, N

O3-N

an

d N

O2-N

(m

g/L

)

Period（days）

Influent NH₄-N Effluent NH₄-N Influent NO₃-N

Effluent NO₃-N Influent NO₂-N Efflent NO₂-N

In the carbon fiber (CF) reactor

0

100

200

300

400

500

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

NH

3, N

2O

an

d C

H4

(mg

/m3)

Period (days)

CFリアクター

NH₃

N₂O

CH₄

0

100

200

300

400

500

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

NH

3, N

2O

an

d C

H4

(mg

/m3)

Period (days)

ASリアクター

NH₃

N₂O

CH₄

GHG and Water quality comparison

0.008 g N2O-N/g TN-load 0.021 gN2O-N/g TN-load

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Okayama 1 CF reactor setting in the facility

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CF reactor setting in the facility (1)

Nov.2016 Jul.2017

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CF reactor setting in the facility (2)

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No conclusion, still now runnnnning..

CF reactor has a great possibility to mitigate, probably.

Both ordinary and CF reactor installed conditions,Ｗe need more longer periods of emission data.

We also need to evaluate at the other facilities.

Next chance of some meeting , I would like to present definite results concerning this I hope.

At the end of my presentation.....

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Thank you for your attention

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