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Page 1: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

No Probable Cause

= False Arrest

©Common Law Copyright 2019

by Sovereignty International (a trust)

C/O 6340 Lake Worth Blvd., #437

Fort Worth, Texas

ZIP CODE EXEMPT

[email protected] [email protected]

[email protected]

www.sovereigntyinternational.fyi

Page 2: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Disclaimers

I am NOT a liar (lawyer)

You should NEVER take my word for anything

You should always do your own research

I have provided references to aid you in your research

I don’t know everything and am open to any ideas

©Common Law Copyright 2019 2

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©Common Law Copyright 2019 3

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©Common Law Copyright 2019 4

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©Common Law Copyright 2019 5

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©Common Law Copyright 2019 6

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©Common Law Copyright 2019 7

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War Crimes “Government is not

reason, it is not

eloquence,—it is

force! Like fire, it is a

dangerous servant, and a

fearful master; …...”

George Washington ©Common Law Copyright 2019

Page 9: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Advertisement Don’t forget to subscribe to this Youtube

channel

Don’t forget to follow me on Steemit @sovereigntyintl

Don’t forget to Like this video

On Youtube don’t forget to click the bell next to the subscribe button so that you are notified when there is a new upload

On steemit don’t forget to vote and make your comments

©Common Law Copyright 2019

Page 10: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

©Common Law Copyright 2019

Page 11: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Police Stop

They cannot stop you unless they

have probable cause that a crime

has been committed, or is about

to be committed

Speeding is NOT a crime

What is your probable cause for

stopping me, or should I just be

on my way? ©Common Law Copyright 2019

Page 12: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Probable Cause

The test for police officer's sufficient basis for

probable cause -- did the officer have a

sufficient basis to make a "practical,

common sense" decision that a "fair

probability of crime existed," -- once the

officer's actions fail to satisfy this test, it may

appear that no reasonably objective officer

could have believed that probable cause

existed to make an arrest; Allen v. City of

Portland, 73 F.3d 232 (9th Cir. 1995),

©Common Law Copyright 2019

Page 13: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Probable Cause the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals (citing

cases from the U.S. Supreme Court,

Fifth, Seventh, Eighth and Ninth Circuits)

held that "by definition, probable cause

to arrest can only exist in relation to

criminal conduct; civil disputes

cannot give rise to probable cause;

Paff v. Kaltenbach, 204 F.3d 425, 435

(3rd Cir. 2000)

©Common Law Copyright 2019

Page 14: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Texas Constitution

“The people shall be secure in their persons,

houses, papers and possessions, from all

unreasonable seizures or searches, and no

warrant to search any place, or to seize any

person or thing, shall issue without

describing them as near as may be, nor

without probable cause, supported by oath

or affirmation.” Article 1, Section 9 Searches

and Seizures, Texas Constitution

Page 15: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Probable Cause

• Article Four in Amendment prohibits law

enforcement officers from arresting

citizens without probable cause

(citations omitted); in cases Santiago v.

City of Vineland, 107 F.Supp.2d 512, 561-

62, 564 (D.N.J. 2000); Hill v. Algor, 85

F.Supp.2d 391, 397-98 (D.N.J. 2000)

Page 16: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates

the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster,

134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn. 2001)

• holding involuntary civil confinement is a

"massive curtailment of liberty", is

tantamount to the infringement of being

arrested and can be made only upon

probable cause, citing Vitek v. Jones, 445 U.S.

480, 491, 100 S.Ct. 1254, 63 L.Ed.2d 552

(1980); Schneider v. Simonini, 749 A.2d 336,

163 N.J. 336, 361-65 (2000)

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[email protected]

“(e) An offense under this section is a

Class “C” misdemeanor if the offense for

which the actor’s appearance is required is

punishable by fine only.” Texas Penal Code

§ 38.10 Bail Jumping and Failure to Appear

“An individual adjudged guilty of a Class

“C” misdemeanor shall be punished by fine

only, not to exceed $500.” Texas Penal Code

§ 12.23 Class (C) Misdemeanors

©Common Law Copyright 2019

Page 18: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Probable Cause

“(5) Crime means (A) a

misdemeanor punishable by

confinement (jail); or (B) a felony

(6) “DEFENDANT” means a

person accused of a crime”

Texas Government Code § 79.001

Definitions

Page 19: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

[email protected]

• “(a) If the owner of the motor vehicle fails to

timely pay the amount of the civil penalty

imposed against the owner: (1) an arrest

warrant may NOT be issued for the owner; &

(2) the imposition of the civil penalty may

not be recorded on the owner’s driving

record.” Texas Transportation Code § 707.019

Failure to Pay Civil Penalty [emphasis added]

Page 20: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Kangaroo Court

©Common Law Copyright 2019

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Kangaroo Court

©Common Law Copyright 2019

Page 22: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Malicious Prosecution

"Although probable cause may

not be inferred from malice,

malice may be inferred from lack

of probable cause." Pauley v.

Hall, 335 N. W. 2d 197, 124 Mich

App 255

©Common Law Copyright 2019

Page 23: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Military Dictatorship

“(c) Conviction of a Class C

misdemeanor does not impose any

legal disability or disadvantage,” Texas

Penal Code § 12.03 Classification of

Misdemeanor

“(e) An offense under this section is a

Class “C” misdemeanor if the offense

for which the actor’s appearance is

required is punishable by fine only.”

Texas Penal Code § 38.10 Bail Jumping

and Failure to Appear ©Common Law Copyright 2019

Page 24: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Malicious Prosecution “(a) A public servant acting under color of his office

or employment commits an offense if he:

(1) intentionally subjects another to mistreatment or

to arrest, detention, search, seizure, dispossession,

assessment, or lien that he knows is unlawful;

(2) intentionally denies or impedes another in the

exercise or enjoyment of any right, privilege, power,

or immunity, knowing his conduct is unlawful; or

(b) For purposes of this section, a public servant acts

under color of his office or employment if he acts or

purports to act in an official capacity or takes

advantage of such actual or purported capacity.”

Texas Penal Code Sec. 39.03 Official Oppression

©Common Law Copyright 2019

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Bill of Indictment Must say it is a TRUE BILL

If it does not say it is a TRUE BILL

then it isn’t a true BILL OF

INDICTMENT

Must be signed by the County Attorney

Must be signed by the Grand Jury

Foreperson

©Common Law Copyright 2019

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Malicious Prosecutions Class C Misdemeanors in Texas

Fake Indictments

©Common Law Copyright 2019

Page 29: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Appeals Appeals Courts look for things in the

record – appealable issues

If you have a liar (attorney) and they fail

to object, the appealable issue will not be

on the record – you consented to it

War Crimes may not be given up

©Common Law Copyright 2019

Page 30: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Appeals Go through the transcript looking for

denials of due process - war crimes

Look for anything in the Sovereign Citizen

Quick Reference because it is evidence

of reprisals for political beliefs – a war

crime

Modified indictments = denials of due

process = war crime

Was the jury government employees =

denials of due process = war crime ©Common Law Copyright 2019

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Appeals “(13) the term “Federal personnel” means officers

and employees of the Government of the United

States, members of the uniformed services

(including members of the Reserve Components),

individuals entitled to receive immediate or

deferred retirement benefits under any retirement

program of the Government of the United States

(including survivor benefits).” 5 USC § 552a.

(a)(13) [emphasis added]

Anybody with a Social Security Number is

“federal personnel” ©Common Law Copyright 2019

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Article 10 Lieber Code

“Martial Law affects chiefly the police and collection of public revenue and taxes, whether imposed by the expelled government or by the invader, and refers mainly to the support and efficiency of the army, its safety, and the safety of its operations.” Article 10, Lieber Code

Now you know why they always want you to “be safe”

©Common Law Copyright 2019

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Lieber Code Article 10

All police are military police

FBI military police

City military police

State military police

Homeland Security military police

County military police

©Common Law Copyright 2019

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Lieber Code Article 10

All police are military

police and if they are

talking to you, then you

are a subject and you are

the enemy!!!

©Common Law Copyright 2019

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You are the Enemy

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You are the Enemy

Page 38: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

You are the Enemy

Page 39: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Excited Domestic Insurrections

©Common Law Copyright 2019 39

Page 40: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

You are the Enemy!

“Under International Law of Warfare, all parties to a cause must appear by nom de guerre, because an "alien enemy cannot maintain an action during the war in his own name". Merriam-Webster Dictionary, pg. 1534

"A mixed war is one which is made on one side by public authority, and the other by mere private persons." Black's Law Dictionary 5th Ed., page 1420

©Common Law Copyright 2019

Page 41: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Subscription Channels I have exclusive content available on my website

2 subscription levels, and I accept crypto currencies

$29.99/year for the videos only

$49.99/year for videos plus unlimited consultations – I am NOT a liar (Attorney) but I can tell you what I would do and where to find forms

The ONLY power that the N.W.O. satanists have over us is through fraud and deception, and my agenda is to expose it for all our benefit – I cannot fight all of the battles

Currently publishing 1 video a month

©Common Law Copyright 2019

Page 42: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Exclusive Content Arlington Private Information Share

Land Deed Training

Estoppel Certificates Training

Foreclosure Estoppel Certificates Training

Corporate Denial Training

Toll Roads Notice and Demand Training

Invoice Training

Notice of Void Judgment training

Revocation of Signature training

Third Party Witness Training

Federal Habeas Corpus Training

©Common Law Copyright 2019

Page 43: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Exclusive Content Revocation of Voter Registration

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Other Training (requests?)

Northeast Private Information Share videos

All forms, files and other instructions are available for free on my 2 private groups at YahooGroups and GoogleGroups

All exclusive content will be on my website and you can buy a subscription there

©Common Law Copyright 2019

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©Common Law Copyright 2019 44

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©Common Law Copyright 2019 45

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Contact Information My Blog is; http://sovereigntyinternational.wordpress.com

Website - www.sovereigntyinternational.fyi

Email - [email protected]

Youtube profile – sovereignliving

Facebook - Community Page - Deleted

Private Group – Sovereignty International – Being deleted

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Follow me on twitter @engineerwin

Follow me on Steemit https://steemit.com/@sovereigntyintl

https://www.bitchute.com/channel/sovereigntyinternational/

©Common Law Copyright 2019

Page 47: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Military Occupation

“Protected persons may in no circumstances renounce in part or in entirety the rights secured to them by the present Convention, …...” Article 8, Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Civilians in a Time of War of 1949

©Common Law Copyright 2019

Page 48: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

War Crimes

“The Party to the conflict in whose hands protected persons may be, is responsible for the treatment accorded to them by its agents, irrespective of any individual responsibility which may be incurred.” Article 29, Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Civilians in a Time of War of 1949

©Common Law Copyright 2019

Page 49: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Military Occupation

“Terrorism - noun – 2 A system of government that seeks to rule by intimidation.” Funk and Wagnal’s New Practical Standard Dictionary (1946)

©Common Law Copyright 2019

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©Common Law Copyright 2019

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War Crimes – Build a Case Get the Police Report,

Get copies of any videos

Get any notes

It is amazing what kind of evidence they will give you against them

All of the statutory citations are provided from Katman’s material

Katman has done a huge amount of research and I highly recommend that everybody in Texas should have his book

[email protected]

©Common Law Copyright 2019

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©Common Law Copyright 2019

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War Crimes – Build a Case All Reports

All videos

All offense reports

All incident reports

All Narratives

All Call Logs

All Arrest Reports

All Photos

All Criminal Complaints

All Bonds and Oaths of office for all of the officers involved

©Common Law Copyright 2019

Page 54: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Other Videos Bankster Thieves playlist

Roman Cult playlist

Bankrupt Corporate (so-called) Governments

BAR Members 1 - 4

D.I.Y. How NOT to Volunteer for the Selective Service and the Draft

Martial Law is here!

D.I.Y. No Income Tax

D.I.Y. Free Mail

D.I.Y. Kangaroo Courts 1 – 15

Canada Border PIGs playlist

BAR Members and their Satanic Connections playlist ©Common Law Copyright 2019

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No Probable Cause = No Crime

“No sentence shall be pronounced by the competent courts of the Occupying Power except after a regular trial….” Article 71 Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Civilians in a Time of War of 1949

“It is a fundamental right of a party to have a

neutral and detached judge preside over the

judicial proceedings.” Ward v Village of

Monroeville, 409 U.S. 57, 61-62, 93 S.Ct 80, 83, 34

L.Ed. 2d 267 (1972); Tumey v Ohio, 273 U.S. 510,

5209, 47 S. Ct. 437, 440, 71 L.Ed. 749 (1927)

©Common Law Copyright 2019

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©Common Law Copyright 2019

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©Common Law Copyright 2019 57

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©Common Law Copyright 2019 58

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©Common Law Copyright 2019

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©Common Law Copyright 2019

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©Common Law Copyright 2019 61

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War Crimes “Give me liberty or give me death” Samuel Adams after

witnessing a man flogged to death for refusing to take a license

They were assaulting people with their Roman Cult cestui que trust

"In doing this, I shall have occasion incidentally to evince, how true it is that States and Governments were made for man, and, at the same time, how true it is that his creatures and servants have first deceived, next vilified, and, at last oppressed their master and maker." Chisholm v Georgia, 2 Dal. 419 at p 455

"A state like a merchant makes a contract. A dishonest state, like a dishonest merchant willfully refuses to discharge it." Chisholm v Georgia, 2 Dal. 419 at p 456, and further,

©Common Law Copyright 2019

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War Crimes “Government is not

reason, it is not

eloquence,—it is

force! Like fire, it is a

dangerous servant, and a

fearful master; …...”

George Washington ©Common Law Copyright 2019

Page 64: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

No Probable Cause = No Crime

“(a) If the owner of the motor vehicle fails

to timely pay the amount of the civil

penalty imposed against the owner: (1) an

arrest warrant may NOT be issued for the

owner; & (2) the imposition of the civil

penalty may not be recorded on the

owner’s driving record.” Texas

Transportation Code § 707.019 Failure to Pay

Civil Penalty [emphasis added]

©Common Law Copyright 2019

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Edicts under Martial Law “(e) An offense under this section is a Class “C”

misdemeanor if the offense for which the actor’s

appearance is required is punishable by fine

only.” Texas Penal Code § 38.10 Bail Jumping and

Failure to Appear,

“(c) Conviction of a Class C misdemeanor does

not impose any legal disability or disadvantage,”

Texas Penal Code § 12.03 Classification of

Misdemeanor

“An individual adjudged guilty of a Class “C”

misdemeanor shall be punished by fine only, not

to exceed $500.” Texas Penal Code § 12.23 Class

(C) Misdemeanors ©Common Law Copyright 2019

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No Probable Cause = No Crime

“A county attorney will represent the State in all

cases.” Article 5, Section 21, Texas Constitution

“(e) An offense under this section is a Class “C”

misdemeanor if the offense for which the actor’s

appearance is required is punishable by fine

only.” Texas Penal Code § 38.10 Bail Jumping and

Failure to Appear,

©Common Law Copyright 2019

Page 67: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

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Common law Identification cards

Book with the research in this video

and more!

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Page 68: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

No Probable Cause = No Crime • “(5) Crime means (A) a misdemeanor punishable

by confinement (jail); or (B) a felony

• (6) “DEFENDANT” means a person accused of a

crime” Texas Government Code § 79.001

Definitions

• “(a) A municipal court, including a municipal

court of record, shall have exclusive original

jurisdiction within the territorial limits of the

municipality in all criminal cases” Texas Code of

Criminal Procedure § 4.14 Jurisdiction of Municipal

Court

• Defendant = Crime = Jail or Felony

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Page 69: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

No Probable Cause = No Crime “(a) A municipal court, including a municipal court of

record, shall have exclusive original jurisdiction within

the municipality’s territorial limits in all criminal cases

that;

(1) arise under (A) the ordinances of the municipality

(b) The municipal court has concurrent jurisdiction with

the justice court of a precinct in which the municipality is

located in all criminal cases arising under state law that

arise within the municipality's territorial limits

(c) In this section, an offense which is punishable by “fine

only” is defined as an offense that is punishable by fine

and such sanctions, if any, as authorized by statute not

consisting of confinement in jail or imprisonment” Texas

Government Code § 29.003 Jurisdiction (Authority of

Municipal and Justice of the Peace Court)

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Page 70: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Edicts under Martial Law

All statutes

All codes

All regulations

All constitutions

All constitutional amendments

All rules

All court rules

All fees

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Page 71: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

No Probable Cause = False Arrest

“The only thing the plaintiff needs to do is

to allege a false arrest, is either (1) that the

defendant made an arrest or imprisonment,

or (2) that the defendant affirmatively

instigated, encouraged, incited, or caused

the arrest or imprisonment.” Burlington v.

Josephson, 153 Fed.2d 372,276 (1946)

"As in the case of illegal arrests, the

officer... must keep within the law at his

peril." Thiede v. Scandia, 217 Minn. 231, 14

N.W.2d 400 (1944) ©Common Law Copyright 2019

Page 72: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

No Probable Cause = False Arrest

”When the plaintiff has shown that he was

arrested, imprisoned or restrained of his

liberty by the defendant, "the law presumes

it to be unlawful." People v. McGrew, 20 Pac.

92 (1888); Knight v. Baker, 133 P. 544(1926)

"The burden is upon the defendant (cop) to

show that the arrest was by authority of

law." McAleer v. Good, 65 Atl. 934, 935 (1907);

Mackie v. Ambassador, 11 P.2d 6 (1932)

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Page 73: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

No Probable Cause = False Arrest

"ANY ARREST, made without a PROPER

warrant, Signed by a judge and backed up

by an affidavit from two persons that states,

under penalty of perjury, you have broken a

contract or hurt somebody, if challenged by

the defendant (person), is presumptively

invalid...the burden is upon the state" to

justify it as authorized by statute, and does

not violate the constitutional provisions

and Or( human rights.) State v. Mastrian, 171

N.W.2d 695 (1969); Butler v. State, 212 So.2d

577 (Miss 1968) ©Common Law Copyright 2019

Page 74: No Probable Cause = False Arrest Cause.pdf · Probable Cause • arrest made without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; Rzayeva v. Foster, 134 F.Supp.2d 239, 248-49 (D.Conn

Malicious Prosecution

"Although probable cause may

not be inferred from malice,

malice may be inferred from lack

of probable cause." Pauley v.

Hall, 335 N. W. 2d 197, 124 Mich

App 255

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