Noegel, JewMagicBibl

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Jewish Magic Bibliography I intend the following bibliography to serve as an aid to the student of Jewish “magic,” however defined. It ranges from biblical to modern times and is organized both chronologically and by subject with many entries appearing in multiple locations to facilitate research. My former undergraduate student Alex Jassen (now an Assistant Professor in the Department of Classical and Near Eastern Studies at the University of Minnesota) originally compiled the bibliography with the assistance of a Mary Gates Undergraduate Research Grant at the University of Washington. More recently, my graduate student Jacob Rennaker has helped to correct incomplete information and to reformat the bibliography. I now maintain and update the site. If you know of works that should be included please send me the complete citation at [email protected]. Prof. Scott Noegel University of Washington

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Jewish Magic Bibliography

Table of Contents I. General Magic

II. General Jewish Magic

A. Books

B. Articles in Periocials and Chapters in Books

III. Magic in the Bible

A. General and Comparative Studies

B. General

1. Books

2. Articles in Periodicals and Chapters in Books

C. Torah

1. Books


D. Nebi’im

1. Books


E. Ketubim

1. Books


F. Technical Terms


G. Urim and Thummim

1. Books


IV. Magic in the Greco-Roman Period

A. General

B. General Jewish

1. Books


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C. Jewish Literature (Philo, Josephus, Apocrypha, OT Pseudepigrapha)

1. Books


D. Greek Magical Papyri

1. Books


E. Solomon the Magician

1. Books


F. Magic in the Qumran Community


V. Magic in the Rabbinic Period

A. Books

B. Articles in Periodicals and Chapters in Books

VI. Magic in Late Antiquity

A. General

1. Books


B. Magic and the Merkaba Literature

1. Books


C. Sefer Yesira

1. Books


D. The Sword of Moses

1. Versions

2. Studies

E. Sefer ha-Razim

1. Books


VII. The Aramaic Incantation Bowls

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A. Books


C. The Aramaic Cuneiform Incantation

D. Other Magic Bowl Traditions

VIII. Magic in the Medieval Period

A. General

1. Books


B. Magic in the Cairo Genizah

1. Books


C. Magic and Kabbala

1. Books


D. Golem

1. Books


E. Maimonides

F. Alchemy

1. Books


G. Sefer Hasidim

H. The Key of Solomon

1. Books


I. Islam

IX. Magic and the Modern Period

A. Books


X. Medicine—Healing

A. Books

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C. Books of Seguloth

XI. Astrology

A. General

1. Books


B. Ancient

1. Books


C. Middle Ages

1. Books


XII. Amulets

A. Books


XIII. Dreams and Dream Interpretation

A. General

1. Books


B. Bible

1. Books


C. Ancient

1. Books


D. Middle Ages

1. Books


E. Modern

1. Books


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XIV. Demons, Demonology, and Exorcism

A. General

1. Books


B. Dybbuk

1. Books


C. Lilith

1. Books


XV. Law, Ritual, and Folklore

A. Books


XVI. Evil Eye

A. General

B. Books

C. Articles in Periodicals and Chapters in Books

XVII. Book Reviews

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General Magic Abusch, Tzvi, and Karel van der Toorn, eds., Mesopotamian Magic: Textual, Historical,

and Interpretative Perspectives (Ancient Magic and Divination, 1; Groningen: Styx, 1999).

Durkheim, Emile, The Elementary Forms of Religious Life (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1915). Evans-Pritchard, E. E., Witchcraft, Oracles, and Magic among the Azande (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1976). Frazer, Sir James George, The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion. Edited with an introduction by Robert Fraser (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998). Frazer, Sir James George, The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (London: Macmillan and Co. Limited; New York: The Macmillan Company, 1900). Frey, J. B., Corpus Instriptionum Judaicarum. Vols. 1-2 (Rome: Pontifico Istituto di

Archeologia Cristiana, 1936-52). Geertz, H., “An Anthropology of Religion and Magic,” JIH 6 (1975), pp. 71-89. Gruenwald, Ithmar, “Magic and Myth: Scholarship and Historical Reality,” in Havivah

Pedayah, ed., Myth in Judaism, Eshel Beer-Sheba. Vol. 4 (Beer-Sheba: Ben-Gurion University, 1996), pp. 15-28.

King, L. W., Babylonian Magic and Sorcery: Being “The Prayers of the Lifting of the

Hand” (Hildesheim: Olms, 1975). Malinowski, B., Magic, Science, and Religion and Other Essays (New York: Doubleday, 1948). Mauss, Marcel, and Henri Hubert, “Esquisse d’une theorie generale de la magie,” L’anee Sociologique 7 (1902-1903), pp. 1-146. Mauss, Marcel, A General Theory on Magic (London: Routledge and K. Paul, 1972). Ritner, Robert K., The Mechanics of Egyptian Magical Practice (Studies of Ancient Oriental Civilization, 54; Oriental Institute of University of Chicago: Chicago, 1993). Smith, Jonathan Z., “The Temple and the Magician,” in J. Z. Smith, Map is Not Territory: Studies in the History of Religions (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993), pp. 172-189.

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Thorndike, Lynn, A History of Magic and Experimental Science (New York: MacMillan, 1923).

Tyler, E. B., Primitive Culture: Researches in the Development of Mythology, Philosophy, Religion, Art, and Custom (London: John Murrey, 1873).

General Jewish Magic Books Blau, Ludwig, Das Altjuedische Zauberwesen (Budapest: Jahresbericht der Landes Rabbinerschule, 1898) [Reprints: Berlin, 1914; Westmead, England: Gregg, 1970; Graz, 1974]. Bohak, Gideon, Ancient Jewish Magic: A History (Camrbidge: Cambridge University Press, 2008). Daniel, R. W., and F. Maltomini, Supplementum Magicum. Vols. 1-2 (Papyrologica

Coloniensia 16; Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag, 1990-1992). Davis, G. W., The Encyclopedia of Jewish Myth, Magic, and Mysticism (Woodbury, MI.: Llewellyn Publications, 2007). Gaster, Moses, Studies and Texts in Folklore, Magic, and Medieval Romance, Hebrew

Apocrypha, and Samaritan Archaeology. Vols. 1-3 (New York: Ktav, 1971). Harari, Yuval, ha-Magyah ha-Yahadut ha-kedumah: iyunim metodologiyim u fenomenologiyim (Ph.D. Dissertation: Hebrew University, 1998). Isaacs, Ronald H., Divination, Magic, and Healing: The Book of Jewish Folklore (Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aaronson, 1998). Joel, D., Der Aberglaube und die Stellung des Judenthums zu demselben (Breslau: F.W.

Jungfer's Buch, 1883). Josephy, Marcia Reines, Magic and Superstition in the Jewish Tradition [an exhibition organized by the Maurice Spertus Museum of Judaica] (Chicago, IL: Spertus College of Judaica Press, 1975). Klutz, Todd, ed., Magic in the Biblical World: From the Rod of Aaron to the Ring of

Solomon (JSNT Supplement 245; London: T & T Clark, 2003). Neusner, Jacob, Frerichs, S. Ernest, and Flescher, Paul Virgil McCracken, eds., Religion,

Science, and Magic: In Concert and in Conflict (New York: Oxford University Press, 1989).

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Scholz, Paul, Gotzendienst und Zauberwesen bei den Alten Hebraern und den Genochbarten Volkern (Regensburg: G.J. Manz, 1877). Seidel, Jonathan, Studies in Ancient Jewish Magic (Ph.D. Dissertation: University of

California Berkley, 1996). Sharot, Stephen, Messianism, Mysticism, and Magic: A Sociological Analysis of

JewishReligious Movements (Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1982).

Trachtenberg, Joshua, Jewish Magic and Superstition (New York: Atheneum, 1974). Articles in Periodicals and Chapters in Books Ahituv, S., “Divination,” Encyclopaedia Judaica. Vol. 6 (Jerusalem: Keter, 1971),

pp.111-116. Avery-Peck, Alan, “Magic, Magic Bowls, Astrology in Judaism,” in J. Neusner, Alan J.

Avery Peck, and William Scott Green, eds., Encyclopedia of Judaism (New York: Continuum, 1999), pp. 832-844.

Bar-Levav, Avriel, “Death and the (Blurred) Boundaries of Magic: Strategies of

Coexistence,” Kabbalah 7 (2002), pp. 51-54. Blau, L., “Magic,” Jewish Encyclopedia. Vol. 8 (New York: Funk & Wagnalls Company,

1901-1905), pp. 255-257. Bohak, Gideon, “Jewish Myth in Pagan Magic in Antiquity,” in I. Gruenwald and M.

Idel, eds., Myths in Judaism: History, Thought, Literature (Jerusalem: Shazar, 2004), pp. 97-122.

Cohn, H. H., “Sorcery,” Encyclopaedia Judaica. Vol. 15 (Jerusalem: Keter, 1971), pp.

163-164. Dan, Y., “Magic,” Encyclopaedia Judaica. Vol. 11 (Jerusalem: Keter, 1971), pp. 703-

715. Gaster, Moses, “Magic (Jewish),” in J. Hasting, ed., Encyclopaedia of Religion and

Ethics (Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1908-1926), pp. 300-305. Harari, Yuval, “What is a Magical Text?: Methodological Reflections Aimed at

Redefining Early Jewish Magic,” in Shaul Shaked, Officina Magica: Essays on the Practice of Magic in Antiquity (Institute of Jewish Studies, Studies in Judaica 4; Leiden: E. J. Brill, 2005), pp. 91-124.

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Neusner, Jacob and William S. Green, “Magic,” in J. Neusner and William S. Green,

eds., Dictionary of Judaism in the Biblical Period. Vol. 2 (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1996), pp. 400-401.

Rabbinowitz, L. I., “Divination,” Encyclopaedia Judaica Vol. 6 (Jerusalem: Keter, 1971),

pp. 116-118. Schafer, Peter, “Magic and Religion in Ancient Judaism,” in Peter Schafer and H.G.

Kippenberg, eds., Envisioning Magic: A Princeton Seminar and Symposium (New York: E. J. Brill, 1997), pp. 19-43.

Swartz, Michael D., Rebecca Lesses, and Ephraim Kanarfogel, “Jewish Magic: A

Perspectives Symposium,” AJS 2:1 (2000), pp. 10-15. Shaked, Shaul, “Form and Purpose in Aramaic Spells: Some Jewish Themes (The Poetics

of Magic Texts),” in Shaul Shaked Officina Magica: Essays on the Practice of Magic Antiquity (Institute of Jewish Studies, Studies in Judaica 4; Leiden: E. J. Brill, 2005), pp. 1-30.

Wolfson, Elliot R., “Phantasmagoria: The Image of the Image in Jewish Magic from Late

Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages,” Review of Rabbinic Judaism 4 (2001), pp. 78-120.

Magic and the Bible General and Comparative Studies Frazer, Sir James G., Folklore in the Old Testament: Studies in Comparative Religion, Legend and Law. Vols. 1-3 (London: Macmillan, 1918). Gaster, Theodor H., Myth, Legend, and Custom in the Old Testament: A Comparative Study with Chapters from Sir James G. Frazer’s Folklore in the Old Testament. Vols. 1-2 (Gloucester, MS: Peter Smith, 1981). Ginzberg, Louis, Legends of the Jews. Vols. 1-7 (Philadelphia: JPS, 1909-1938). Smith, W. Robertson, The Religion of the Semites (New York: Schocken Books, 1972). General

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Books Braman, Robert Michael, The Problem of Magic in Ancient Israel (Ph.D. Dissertation: Drew University, 1989). Brichto, J. C., The Problem of “Curse” in the Hebrew Bible (JBL Monograph Series 13; Philadelphia Society of Biblical Literature, 1963). Ciraolo, Leda, and Jonathan Seidel, eds., Magic and Divination in the Ancient World (Ancient Magic and Divination, 2; Leiden: E. J. Brill, 2002). Cryer, Fredrick H., Divination in Ancient Israel and its Near Eastern Environment (Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1994). Cryer, Frederick H., and Marie-Louise Thomsen, Biblical and Pagan Societies (Witchcraft and Magic in Europe; Philadelphia, PA.: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2001). Davies, T. Witton, Magic, Divination, and Demonology Among the Hebrews and Their Neighbors (Dissertation: University of Leipzig; Liepzig and London, 1898) [Reprint: Ktav, 1969]. Driver, G. R., Witchcraft in the Old Testament (Edmonds, WA: Sure Fire Press, 1994). Fishbane, Michael, Studies in Biblical Magic, Origins, Uses, and Transformations of Terminology and Literary Form (Ph.D. Thesis: Brandeis University, 1971). Grabbe, Lestor L., Priests, Diviners, Sages: A Socio-Historical Study of Religious Specialists in Ancient Israel (Valley Forge, PA: Trinity Press International, 1995). Guillaume, Alfred, Prophecy and Divination among the Hebrews and other Semites (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1938). Hamilton, Mark Wade, Divination in Ancient Israel (M.A. Thesis: Abilene Christian University, 1992). Jeffers, A., Magic and Divination in Ancient Palestine and Syria (New York: E. J. Brill,

1996). Jirku, A., Die Damonen und ihre abwehr im Alten Testament (Leipzig: A Deichert,

1912). Jirku, A., Mantik in Altisrael (Rostok: Rats- and Universitatsbuch druckerei von Adlers Erben, G.m.b.h., 1913).

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Joines, K. R., Serpent Symbolism in the OT (Haddenfield: Haddonfield House, 1974). Kanaan, T., Daemonenglaube im Lande der Bibel (Leipzig, J.C. Hinrichs, 1929). Klutz, Todd, ed., Magic in the Biblical World: from the Rod of Aaron to the Ring of Solomon (JSOTSS, 245; T & T Clark, 2003). Kuemerlin-Mclean, J. K., Divination and Magic in the Religion of Ancient Israel: A

Study in Perspectives and Methodology (Ph.D. Dissertation: Vanderbilt University, 1986).

Lewis, T. J., Cults of the Dead in Ancient Israel and Ugarit (Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1989). Luff, Karl T., A Biblical Perspective on the Magic and Divination Found in Some of the World’s Religious Systems (Dissertation: Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, 1994). Mclean, Charles Victor, Babylonian Astrology and its Relation to the Old Testament (Toronto: The United Church Publishing House, 1929). Olson, Eric J., Divination in Ancient Israel (M.A. Thesis: Harvard University, 1969). Park, Jongsoo, Priestly Divination in Ancient Israel (Ph.D. Dissertation: Drew University, 1993). Perry, Charles E., The Theory and Practice of Lot-casting in Ancient Near Eastern Countries and Israel (M.Div. Thesis: Grace Theological Seminary, 1975) Schmidt, Brian B., Israel’s Beneficent Dead: Ancestor Cult and Necromancy in Ancient Israelite Religion and Tradition (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 1996). Schmitt, Rüdiger, Magie im Alten Testament (Alter Orient und Altes Testament, 313;

Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, 2004). Smith, Morton, “Old Testament Motifs in the Iconography of the British Museum’s

Magical Gems,” in Lionel Casson and Martin Price, eds., Coins, Culture and History in the Ancient World: Numistmatics and Other Studies in Honor of Bluma L. Trell (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1981), pp. 187-194.

Tropper, Josef, Nekromantie: Totenbefragung im Alten Orient und im Alten Testament (Kevelaer: Butzon & Bercker; Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag, 1989).

Van der Toorn, Karl, et al., eds., Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible (New

York: E. J. Brill, 1995).

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Volz, D., Das Demonische im Jahwe (Tübingen: J. C. B. Mohr, 1924). Von Stuckrad, K., Frommigkeit und Wissenschaft: Astrologie in Tanach, Qumran, und fruhrabbinischer Literature (Europaische Hochschulschriften, 23; Theologie, 572; Frankfurt: Peter Lang, 1996). Vondergeest, Craig, Prophecy and Divination in the Deuteronomistic History (Ph.D. Dissertation: Union Theological Seminary and Presbyterian School of Christian Education, 2000). Articles in Periodicals and Chapters in Books Adler, Michael, “Was Homer Acquainted with the Bible?” JQR 5 (1893), pp. 170-174. Albrecht, Mark, and Alexander Brooks, “Separating Wheat and Chaff: Biblical Discernment and Parapsychology,” Journal of Religion and Psychical Research 3 (1980), pp. 172-209. Albright, W. F., “An Aramean Magical Text in Hebrew from the Seventh Century BC,” BASOR 76 (1939), pp. 6-11. Aouad, Lucian, “La divination dans la Bible,” Revue de Clerge Africain 25 (1970), pp.

185-205. Arzi, P., “Witchcraft,” Encyclopedia Mikrait. Vol. 4 (Jerusalem: Bialik Institute, 1963),

pp. 348-365. Aune, D. E., “Magic,” in G. Bromiley, ed., International Standard Bible Encyclopedia. Vol. 3 (Grand Rapids: W. B. Eerdmans, 1979), pp. 213-219. Bakon, Shimon, “Witchcraft in the Bible,” Dor le Dor 15 (1987), pp. 234-243. Bar-Ilan, Meir, “Witches in the Bible and the Talmud,” in Herbert W. Basser and Simcha

Fishbane, eds., Approaches to Ancient Judaism. Vol. 5 (Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press, 1993), pp. 7-32.

Baucq, A., “Oracle et Divination,” DBS 6 (1960), pp. 779-782. Benko, Stephen, “Magic,” in Paul J. Achtermeier, ed., Harper’s Bible Dictionary (San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1985), pp. 594-596. Blank, Sheldon H., “The Curse, Blasphemy, the Spell, and the Oath,” HUCA 23 (1950- 1951), pp. 73-95.

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Bledstein, Adrien, “Tamar and the ‘Coat of Many Colors’?” in Athalya Brenner, ed., Samuel and Kings: A Feminist Companion to the Bible (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 2000), pp. 65-83. Bledstein, Adrien, “Was Habbirya a Healing Ritual Performed by a Woman in King David’s House?” Biblical Research 37 (1992), pp. 5-31. Bloch-Smith, Elizabeth, “The Cult of the Dead in Judah: Interpreting the Material Remains,” JBL 111 (1992), pp. 213-224. Bretherton, Donald, “Psychical Research and the Biblical Prohibitions,” in J. Pearce Higgins, ed., Life, Death, and Psychical Research (London: Rider, 1973), pp. 101-124. Bryce, G. E., “Omen Wisdom in Ancient Israel,” JBL 94 (1975), pp. 19-37. Burden, J., “Magic and Divination on the OT and their Relevance for the Church in Africa,” Missionalia (1973), pp. 103-111. Burns, J. B., “Necromancy and the Spirits of the Dead in the Old Testament,” Transactions of the Glasgow University Oriental Society 26 (1928), pp. 1-15. Caquot, Andres, “La Divinations l’ancien Isreal,” in A. Caquot and M. Leibovici, eds., La Divination (Paris: Presses Univeritaires de France, 1968), pp. 83-113. Cryer, Frederick H., “Der Prophet und der magier: Bemerkungen anhard einer uberholton diskussion,” in R. Liwak, et al., eds., Prophetie und Geschichtliche Wirklichkeit (1991), pp. 79-88. Dhorme, E., “Pretres, devins, et mages dan l’ancienne religion des Hebrews,” RHR 108 (1933), pp. 115-143. Eissfeldt, O., “Wahrsagung im Alten Testament,” in D. F. Wendel, ed., La Divination en Mésopotamie Ancienne et Dans Les Régions Voisines (XIVe Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale; Saint-Germain, Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1966), pp. 141-145. Fabian, Dapila N., “The Socio-Religious Role of Witchcraft in the Old Testament Culture: an African Insight,” Old Testament Essays 11 (1998), pp. 215-239. Finkel, A., “The Pesher of Dreams and Scriptures,” RQ 4 (1963/64), pp. 357-370. Fohrer, G., “Prophetie und Magie,” ZAW 78 (1966), pp. 25-47. Ford, J. Massyngbearde, “Jewel of Discernment: a Study of Stone Sybmolism [Isa. 8:14 16; 28:16],” BZ 11 (1967), pp. 109-116.

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Fox, W., “Old Testament Parallels to Tabellae Defixione,” AJSL (1913-1914), pp. 111-

124. Friedman, M. A., “Tamar, a Symbol of Life: The ‘Killer Wife’ Superstition in the Bible and Jewish Tradition,” JSR 15 (1990), pp. 23-61. Gervitz, S., “West-Semitic Curses and the Problems of the Origin of Hebrew Law,” VT 11 (1961), pp. 137-158. Goitein, S. D., “Women as Creators of Biblical Genres,” Prooftexts 81 (1988), pp. 1-33. Grabbe, Lester, L., “Prophets, Priests, Diviners, and Sages in Ancient Israel,” in Heather A. McKay and David J. A. Clines, eds., Of Prophets’ Visions and the Wisdom of Sages: Essays in Honor of R. Norman Whybray (Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1993), pp. 43-62. Grintz, Jehoshua, “Do Not Eat of the Blood: Reconsiderations in Settings and Dating of the Priestly Code (Lev. 19:26; I Sam. 14:31-35, Ez. 33:25),” Annual of the Swedish Theological Institute 8 (1972), pp. 78-105. Grottanelli, Christiano, “Per un mitico giacobbe domestico, pastore, e mago,” in P. Xella,

ed., Magia: Studi di Storia della Religioni in Memoria di Raffaela Garosi (Roma: Bulzoni, 1976), pp. 127-146.

Grottanelli, Christiano, “Specialisti del soprannaturale e potere nella Bibbia ebraica; appunti e spunti,” in F.M Fales e C. Grottanelli, eds., Soprannaturale e potere nel mondo antico e nelle societa tradizionali (Milano: Franco Angeli, 1985), pp. 119-140. Grunwald, M., and K. Kohler, “Bibliomancy,” Jewish Encyclopedia. Vol. 3 (New York:

Funk & Wagnells, 1901-1905), pp. 202-205. Grunwald, M., “Bibliomantie und Gesundbeten,” MGJVK 8 (1902), pp. 81-99. Guinan, Ann, “Divination,” in William W. Hallo, ed., The Context of Scripture:

Canonical Compositions from the Biblical World. Vol. 1 (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1997), pp. 421-426.

Harvey, Graham, “The Suffering of Witches and Children, Uses of Witchcraft Passages in the Bible,” in Jon Davies, Graham Harvey, and Wilfred G.E. Watson, eds., WorldRemembered Texts: Essays in Honour of John F.A. Sawyer (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1995), pp. 113-134. Hayes, J. H., “The Usage of Oracles against Foreign Nations in Ancient Israel,” JBL 87 (1968), pp. 81-92.

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Hayward, Robert, “Pseudo-Philo and the Priestly Oracle,” JSS 46 (1995), pp. 43-54. Hillers, Delbert R., “The Effective Simile in Biblical Literature,” JAOS 103 (1983), pp. 181-185. Hurowitz, Victor Avigdor, “Healing and Hissing Snakes ? Listening to Numbers 21:4- 9?,” Scriptura 87 (2004), pp. 278-287; republished with slight revisions in Journal des Médecines Cunéiformes 8 (2006). Hurowitz, Victor Avigdor, Review of Herman Vanstiphout, Epics of Sumerian Kings: The Matter of Aratta, (Society of Biblical Literature Writings from the Ancient World, 20, Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2003), in RBL 10 (2004), <http://www.bookreviews.org/pdf/4071_3946.pdf>. Hurowitz, Victor Avigdor, “The Expression uqsamîm beyadam (Numbers 22:7) in Light of Divinatory Practices from Mari,” Hebrew Studies 33 (1992), pp. 5-14. Hurowitz, Victor Avigdor, “What Did Balak’s Messengers Bring to Balaam?” EI 22 (1993) pp. 83-86 (in Hebrew). Huffman, Herbert, “Priestly Divination in Israel,” in Carol L. Meyers and M. O’Connor, eds., TheWord of the Lord Shall Go Forth: Essays in Honor of David Noel Freedman in Celebration of his Sixtieth Birthday (Winona Lake, IN.: Eisenbrauns, 1983), pp. 355-359. Hunstman, Eric D., “And They Cast Lots: Divination, Democracy and Josephus,” Brigham Young University Studies 36 (1996-1997), pp. 365-377. Hutton, Rodney R., “Magic or Street-Theater? The Power of the Prophetic Word,” ZAW 107 (1995), pp. 247-260. Iwry, Samuel, “New Evidence on Belomancy in Ancient Palestine and Phoenicia,” JAOS 81 (1961), pp. 27-34. Jirku, Anton, “Zur Magischen Bedentung des Kleidung in Israel,” ZAW 37 (1917/1918), pp. 109-125. Jirku, Anton, “Die Mimation in den nordsemitischen Sprachen und einige Bezeichungen der altisraelitischen Mantik,” Biblica 34 (1953), pp. 78-80. Jirku, Anton, “Ein Fall von Inkubation im Alten Testament (Ex 38:8),” ZAW 33 (1913), pp. 151-153. Kapelrud, A. S., “Shamanistic Features in the Old Testament,” in Carl Martin Edsman, ed., Studies in Shamanism (Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell, 1967), pp. 90-96.

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Kavale, F. K., “A Biblical Study of Witchcraft: With Application for Second and Third Generation Christians in Kenya,” African Journal of Evangelical Theology 12 (1994), pp. 114-133. Kuemmerlin-McClean, J. K., “Magic (OT),” Anchor Bible Dictionary. Vol. 4 (New

York: Doubleday, 1992), pp. 486-471. Landsberger, B., and H. Todmor, “Fragments of Clay Liver Models from Hazor,” IEJ 14 (1964), pp. 201-217. Lindblom, Johs, “Lot-Casting in the Old Testament,” VT 12 (1962), pp. 164-78. Lods, A., “Le role des magiques dans la mentalité israélite,” in Old Testament Essays: Papers Read Before the Society for Old Testament Study (London: Charles Griffin and Co., 1927), pp. 55-76. Lods, Adolphe, “Magie hébraïque et magie cananéenne,” Revue d’Histoire et de Philosophie Religieuses 7 (1927), pp. 12-25. Long, B. O., “The Effect of Divination upon Israelite Literature,” JBL 92 (1973), pp.

489-497. Loretz, Oswald, “Nekromantie und Totenevokation in Mesopotamien, Ugarit und Israel,”

in Bernd Janowski, Klaus Koch, and Gernot Wilhelm, eds., Religionsgeschichtliche Beziehungen zwischen Kleinasien, Nordsyrien, und dem Alten Testament: Internationales Symposion Hamburg 17.-21. März 1990 (Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis, 129; Frieburg Schweiz, Universitätsverlag, 1993), pp. 285-318.

Lust, J., “On Wizards and Prophets,” in D. Lys, et al., eds., Studies on Prophecy (VTSup, 26; Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1974), pp. 133-142. Mantovani, Piera Arata, “La magia nei testi preesilici dell’ Antico Testamento,” Henoch

3 (1981), pp. 1-21. Mendelsohn, I., “Divination,” G. A. Buttrick, ed., Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible. Vols. K-Q (New York: Abingdon Press, 1962), pp. 223-225. Muthengi, Julius, “The Art of Divination,” Africa Journal of Evangelical Theology 12 (1994), pp. 90-104. Neufeld, Ernest, “Residual Magic in the Bible,” Dor le Dor 17 (1989), pp. 255-259. Nigosion, Solomon A., “Anti-Divinatory Statements in Biblical Codes,” Theological Review 18 (1997), pp. 21-34.

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Patai, Raphael, “Control of the Rain in Ancient Palestine,” HUCA 14 (1939), pp. 254-

258. Porter, J. R., “Ancient Israel,” in M. Loewe and Carmen Balcker, eds., Divination and Oracles (Boulder: Shanbhala, 1981), pp. 191-214. Ricks, Stephen, “The Magician as Outsider: The Evidence of the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament,” in Marvin Meyer and Paul Mirecki, eds., Ancient Magic and Ritual Power (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1995), pp. 131-143. Ricks, Stephen, “The Magician as Outsider: The Evidence of the Hebrew Bible,” in P. V. M. Flesher, ed., New Perspectives in Ancient Judaism. Vol. 5 (Lanham: University Press of America, 1990), pp. 125-134. Rist, M., “The God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob: A Liturgical and Magical Formula,” JBL 57 (1938), pp. 289-303. Rogernson, John W., “The World-view of the Old Testament,” in J. Rogerson, ed., Beginning Old Testament Study (St. Louis: Chalice Press, 1998), pp. 55-73. Rooy, J. A. van, “Witches and Wizards in the Light of Scripture,” Missionalia 1 (1973), pp. 136-138. Segal, J. B., “Popular Religion in Ancient Israel,” JJS 27 (1976), pp. 1-22. Shmidtke. F., “Traume, Orakel, und Totengeister als Kunder der Zukunft in Israel und Babylonia,” BZ 11 (1967), pp. 240-246. Swartz, Michael, “Temple Ritual in Jewish Magical Literature,” Pe‘amim 85 (2000), pp.

43-61. Sweek, Joel, “Inquiring for the State in the Ancient Near East: Delineating Political Location,” in Leda Ciraolo and Jonathan Seidel, eds., Magic and Divination in the Ancient World (Ancient Magic and Divination, 2; Leiden: E. J. Brill, 2002), pp. 41-56. Tarragon, Jean Michel de, “Witchcraft, Magic, and Divination in Canaan and Ancient

Israel,” in Jack M. Sasson, ed., Civilizations of the Ancient Near East. Vol. 3 (New York: Charles Scriber’s Sons, 1995), pp. 2071-2081.

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