nomen mihi est _________

Latin 2Spring Semester Exam Review

May 2011 Stages 18-21

1. Name the parts of speech and define each.

Noun – names of things

Pronoun – takes the place of a noun

Adjective – defines a noun or pronoun

Adverb – describes the action of a verb

Verb – shows action or state of being

Preposition – expresses relationship between 2 nouns

Conjunction – joins two sentences or phrases

Interjection – an exclamation

2. Name the 5 noun cases and the uses of each

• Nominative - subject, PN, PA

• Genitive - shows possession

• Dative - indirect object

• Accusative - direct object

• Ablative - special uses

3. How do you find the stem of a Latin noun?

Drop the

GENITIVE SINGULAR ending

4. How do you tell the declension to which a noun belongs?

• Look at the

• GENITIVE SINGULAR

•1st = ae

•2nd = i

•3rd = is

5. What are the 1st declension noun endings?

puella puellaepuellae puellarumpuellae puellispuellam puellaspuella puellis

6. What are the 2nd declension noun endings?

amicus(puer,vir) amici

amici amicorum

amico amicis

amicum amicos

amico amicis

7. What are the 3rd declension noun endings?

mater matres

matris matrum

matri matribus

matrem matres

matre matribus

8. Pay special attention to:

dative indirect object Quintus rosam Metellae dedit.

dative of advantage Metella Felici togam invenit.

dative object of special verbsCaecilius Holconio favit.

9. In what ways do Latin nouns and the adjectives which modify them agree?

• Adjectives and the nouns they modify always agree in gender, number, and case.

• The endings may not have the same spelling, but they are from the same gender, number and case locations on the endings charts.

10. What are the singular 1st and 2nd declension adjective endings?

singular

masculine feminine neuter

malus mala malum

mali malae mali

malo malae malo

malum malam malum

malo mala malo

11. What are the Plural 1st and 2nd declension adjective endings?

plural

masculine feminine neuter

mali malae mala

malorum malarum malorum

malis malis malis

malos malas mala

malis malis malis

12. Decline a 3rd Declension Adjective

singular

celer celeris celere

celeris celeris celeris

celeri celeri celeri

celerem celerem celere

celeri celeri celeri

12. Decline a 3rd Declension Adjective

plural

celeres celeres celeria

celerium celerium celerium

celeribus celeribus celeribus

celeres celeres celeria

celeribus celeribus celeribus

13. What are the 3 degrees of adjectives [and adverbs]?

•positive happy

•comparative happier

•superlative happiest

14. Give an example and translation of a regular adjective in the 3 degrees.

clarus,-a,-um clear

clarior, clarius clearer

clarissimus,-a,-um (1st & 2nd Declension) clearest

15. Give an example and translation of a regular adjective in the 3 degrees.

celer, celeris, celere swift

celerior, celerius swifter

celerrimus,-a,-um (3rd Declension) swiftest

16. How is a 1st & 2nd declension adjective made into an adverb?

•find the stem and add “e”

•clarus: clare

•pulcher: pulchre

17. Give examples of irregular adjectives in the comparative and superlative degrees.

bonus melior optimusgood better best

malus peior pessimusbad worse worst

magnus maior maximusgreat, large greater, larger greatest, largest

parvus peius minimussmall smaller smallest

18. How is a 3rd declension adjective made into an adverb?

•find the stem and add “ter” or “iter”

•celer: celeriter

•acer: acriter

19. Give an example and translation of a regular adverb in the 3 degrees.

clare clearly

clarius more clearly

clarissime most clearly

20. Irregular adverb in the 3 degrees.(positive degree ends in “r”)

celeriter swiftly

celerius more swiftly

celerrime most swiftly

21. Irregular adverb in the 3 degrees.(stem changes)

magne greatly

maius more greatly

maxime very greatly

22. Write the principal parts of porto, name the principal parts, find and name the stems, and show which tenses can

be formed onto each stem. present present perfect perf. pass

indicative infinitive indicative participle

porto portare portavi portatus present perfect

imperfect

23. How do you recognize the conjugation to which a verb belongs?

Conjugation 1st Prin. Pt 2nd Prin. Pt

1st o are

2nd eo ēre

3rd o ere

3rd io io ere

4th io ire-

24. Write the principal parts of the following verbs: porto, video, duco, capio, audio

porto portare portavi portatum

video videre vidi visum

ducoducere duxi ductum

capio capere cepi captum

audio audire audivi auditum

(see next 4 slides for close-ups)

present indicative (column 1)

porto

video

duco

capio

audio

present infinitive (column 2)

portare

videre

ducere

capere

audire

perfect indicative (column 3)

portavi

vidi

duxi

cepi

audivi

perfect passive participle(column 4)

portatus,-a,-um

visus,-a,-um

ductus,-a,-um

captus,-a,-um

auditus,-a,-um

(Review of last 4 slides) 25. Write the principal parts of the following

verbs:porto, video, duco, capio, audio

porto portare portavi portatum

video videre vidi visum

ducoducere duxi ductum

capio capere cepi captum

audio audire audivi auditum

26. How do you recognize the present tense?

•verb looks more like the 1st principal part

•present stem + regular personal endings

27. Write the regular active personal endings

o,m- I mus - WE

s - YOU tis - Y’ALL

t - HE, she, it nt - THEY

28. What do you have to remember about the agreement between verbs and their

subjects?

A verb and its subject agree in person and number

29. How do you translate the present tense (porto)?

I carry

I am carrying

I do carry

30. Conjugate the following verbs in the present tense: porto, video, duco, capio, audio

singularplural1st person2nd person3rd person

See following slides for conjugations

porto I carry 1st Conjugation

porto portamus

portas portatis

portat portant

video I see 2nd Conjugation

video videmus

vides videtis

videt vident

duco I lead 3rd Conjugation

duco ducimus

ducis ducitis

ducit ducunt

capio I take 3rd io Conjugation

capio capimus

capis capitis

capit capiunt

audio I hear 4th Conjugation

audio audimus

audis auditis

audit audiunt

31. Give the principal parts of the irregular verbs: sum, possum, volo, eo, and fero.

sum, esse, fui -

possum, posse, potui -

volo, velle, volui -

eo, ire, ii(ivi), itum

fero, ferre, tuli, latum

32. Conjugate the irregular verbs in the present tense. sum possum volo

eo fero

See the following slides

sum I am

sum sumuses estisest sunt

possum I am able

possum possumus

potes potestis

potest possunt

volo I wish

volo volumus

vis vultis

vult volunt

eo I go

eo imus

is itis

it eunt

fero I bear, bring

fero ferimus

fers fertis

fert ferunt

33. How do you recognize the imperfect tense?

“ba” just before the ending(=present stem + “ba” + personal endings)

34. How do you translate the imperfect tense (portabam)?

I was carrying

I used to carry

I kept on carrying

35. Give examples of imperfect tense verbs.

• ambulabam

• portabamus

• videbat

• ducebant

• capiebas

• audiebatis

36. Conjugate sum in the imperfect tense.

eram - I was eramus - we were

eras - you were eratis - y’all were

erat - he was erant - they were

37. How do you recognize the perfect tense?

•perfect stem

•any one of the perfect endings

38. Write the perfect personal endings.

i -I imus - we

isti -you istis-y’all

it-he,she,it erunt -they

39. How do you translate the perfect tense (portavi)?

I carried

I have carried

I did carry

39a. Give the perfect tense forms of several regular and irregular verbs. Use the third person singular.

porto --- portavit

video ---vidit

duco --- duxit

capio ---cepit

audio --- audivit

sum --- fuit

possum --- potuit

volo --- voluit

eo --- iit (ivit)

fero --- tulit

40. What is an infinitive?

It is a verbal that is translated using “to” plus the verb meaning

The infinitive in Latin can be used to complete the meaning of a verb; it can be

the subject or object of a verb.ambulare amo.

ambulare possum.ambulare est bonum.

41. What is a preposition?

A preposition indicates the relative position between its object and another noun in the sentence.

42. What two cases do the Latin prepositions govern?

•accusative

•ablative

43. List several prepositions and give their meanings and the case each governs.

•+ the Accusative:

•ad - toward

•trans - across

•post - behind

•ante - in front of

44. List several prepositions and give their meanings and the case each governs.

•+ the Ablative:

•ab - away from

•e,ex - out of•cum - with

45. Distinguish between in + the ablative case and in + the accusative case

• + the Ablative & Accusative:

at rest motion

• in -in into

•sub - under up under

46. Decline the personal pronoun in 1st, 2nd, 3rd person. Give the English

meaning of each Latin word.

•see next slides

47. Decline the personal pronoun in 1st, 2nd, 3rd person.

Give the English meaning of each Latin word.

singular plural

nom. ego - I nos - wegen. mei - of me nostrum, nostri - of us

dat. mihi - to/for me nobis - to/for us

acc. me - me nos - usabl. me - by/with me nobis - by/with

us

48. the personal pronoun in 2ndperson..

singular plural

nom. tu - you vos - yougen. tui - of you vestrum, vestri - of you

dat. tibi - to/for you vobis - to/for you

acc. te - you vos - youabl. te - by/with you vobis - by/with

you

49. 3rd person personal pronoun

singular

is ea id

eius eius eius

ei ei ei

eum eam id eo ea eo

….49. 3rd person personal pronoun

plural

ei eae ea

eorum earum eorum

eis eis eis

eos eas eaeis eis eis

50. Know the “indeclinables”: -que, et, sed, autem, tamen, postquam, -ne,

num, nonne…etc

• -que - and

• et - and

• sed- but

• autem - however

• tamen - nevertheless

…50. Know the “indeclinables”: -que, et, sed, autem, tamen,

postquam, -ne, num, nonne…etc

• postquam - afterwards, after• -ne =a ?-mark• num - expects a “no” answer• nonne - expects a “yes” answer• igitur - therefore

51. Know the “?-words”. quis, quid, ubi, quo, unde, quando, quot, cui, quocum, cur, etc...

• quis - who quot - how many

• quid - what cui - to whom

• ubi - where, when cur - why

• quo - to where quando - when

• unde- from where

• quocum - with whom

52. Be able to recognize and translate the vocative case noun.

•Marcus: Marce

• filius: fili

•Caecilius: Caecili

•meus: mi

53. Be able to recognize and translate the imperative mood verb.

• voco, vocare, vocavi, vocatum

•voca! call!

•vocate! you all call!

(54. Negative Commands)

nolo in the imperative mood+ infinitive of the action

= do not wish (to____)

Singular: noli dicere Plural: nolite dicere

54. Remember the special forms:

placet + dative caseplacetne tibi?

- quepueri puellaeque

55. State the “overriding” rule of neuter nouns.

Neuter nouns always have the same spelling in the nominative and accusative cases.

Neuter nouns always end in “-a” in the nominative and accusative plurals.

56. How can you recognize a neuter noun in the 2nd declension?

In the second declension, nouns that end in “-um” in the nominative

singular are neuter.

57. Decline a 4th Declension NounMasculine

portus portūs

portūs portuum

portuī portibus

portum portūs

portū portibus

…57. Decline a 4th Declension NounNeuter

cornu cornua

cornūs cornuum

cornū cornibus

cornū cornua

cornū cornibus

58. What are some fine points to remember

about the 4th Declension Nouns?

Most –us 4th declension nouns are masculine, except for feminine nouns domus and manus.

Most masculine nouns in 4th declension are made from the fourth principal parts of verbs.

4th declension nouns ending in -u in the nominative are neuter.

59. Decline a 5th Declension Noun

diēs diēs

diēi diērum

diēi diēbus

diem diēs

diē diēbus

60. What are some fine points to remember about 5th declension nouns?

All 5th declension nouns are feminine except for dies and its compounds

There are no neuter nouns in the 5th declension.

There are no adjectives in the 5th declension.

61. Decline hic, and give the English

hic haec hoc hi hae haec

huius huius huius horum harum horum

huic huic huic his his his

hunc hanc hoc hos has haec

hoc hāc hoc his his his

This

62. Decline ille, and give the English

ille illa illud illi illae illa

illius illius illius illorum illarum illorum

illi illi illi illis illis illis

illum illam illud illos illas illa

illo illā illo illis illis illis

That

63. What is a participle?

*A participle is an adjective made from a verb, retaining attributes of both.

*As a verb, it has tense & voice; it may take an object, and it may be

modified by adverbs.

*As an adjective, it has gender, number and case, even degree, and it modifies a noun or

substantive.

64. How do you recognize the Present Active Participle?What are the possible translations?

Present stem of the verb with “-ns” or “-nt” + 3rd declension endings

portans – nominative

portantem – accusative, as with other cases

carrying, while carrying

65. Decline the present active participle of the verb porto.

(neuter)

portans portantes (portantia)

portantis portantium

portanti portantibus

portantem portantes (portantia)

portante portantibus

66. How do you recognize the Perfect Passive Participle? How do you translate it?

The perfect passive participle is the 4th principal part of a verb. There are no special signals for this one. 1st & 2nd declension endings are used.

(Deponent verbs do not have a perfect passive participle – they have a perfect Active participle,

which is their third and last principal part.)

portatus – having been carried

67. Please gather up your old vocabulary pages and worksheet pages. Study the meanings of the Latin words and the English words

derived from them.

68. Make a list of the characters you have met since stage 18 through stage 21 and write few

notes about each.

69. Look over the culture information in the worksheet packets for

stages 18-24.

70. Study the culture topics: Glassmaking

EgyptEgyptian goddess IsisMedicine and Science

Aquae SulisRoman MoneyGreek Vases

71. Practice translating the stories in stage 21. You will have to translate on the final exam.

Fortunam bonam habeas!---Magistra