Non-iterative voltage stability analysis methods and prototype software for multi-path rating Yuri...
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Non-iterative voltage stability analysis methods and prototype software for multi-path rating Yuri V. Makarov • WECC JSIS Meeting • Salt Lake City, UT • September 10, 2014
Non-iterative voltage stability analysis methods and prototype software for multi-path rating Yuri V. Makarov WECC JSIS Meeting Salt Lake City, UT September
Non-iterative voltage stability analysis methods and prototype
software for multi-path rating Yuri V. Makarov WECC JSIS Meeting
Salt Lake City, UT September 10, 2014
Slide 2
Acknowledgement: DOE ARPA-E and DOE OE Office Project Team Dr.
Bharat Vyakaranam Research Engineer, Power Systems, PNNL Dr. Da
Meng Research Engineer, Power Systems, PNNL Dr. Pavel Etingov
Research Engineer, Power Systems, PNNL Dr. Tony Nguyen Research
Engineer, Power Systems, PNNL Dr. Di Wu - Research Engineer, Power
Systems, PNNL Dr. Zhangshuan (Jason) Hou Exploratory data analyses
and uncertainty quantification, PNNL Dr. Shaobu Wang - Research
Engineer, Power Systems, PNNL Dr. Steve Elbert High Performance
Computing, PNNL Dr. Laurie Miller Research Engineer, Power Systems,
PNNL Dr. Yuri Makarov PM, Chief Scientist, Power Systems, PNNL
Advisors: Dr. Zhenyu (Henry) Huang Dr. Ruisheng Diao Dr. Mark
Morgan Acknowledgements: DOE ARPA-E (Tim Heidel and Sameh
Elsharkawy) and DOE OE Office (Gil Bindewald)
Slide 3
Overview - 1 Research Objectives New non-iterative methods for
multi-parameter voltage stability assessment (VSA) in
near-real-time. Multi-path rating application. Answers will be
given: How far the system is from instability and blackout? What
are the most critical contingencies and system elements? What needs
to be done to increase the security margin in real time? What is
the time remaining for a possible violation? - Future July 2, 20153
Voltage stability boundary of a simple system and its projections.
Source: Hiskens and Davy
Slide 4
Overview - 2 Background/Problem: Different parts of the VS
boundary (VSB) correspond to increasingly variable stress
directions caused by changing load-generation patterns,
contingencies, market forces, cooperation between system operators,
variable generation, etc. July 2, 2015 Computational time becomes
critically important for: Real-time analyses Massive contingency
screenings Simulations of blackouts and cascading Probabilistic
methods Synchrophasor-based applications, and Traditional methods
(e.g., continuation power flow - CPF) are: Computationally
intensive, Limited by a few stress directions Based on
simplifications, Sensitive to initial guesses. Continuation power
flow process: predictor; corrector. Path 1 Path 2 Path 3
Slide 5
Overview - 3 Benefits and Impacts: Enhanced situation awareness
Early detection of system instability, Improved reliability
Actionable information, Prevention of system blackouts, and Better
utilization of transmission assets. Other benefits: VSB visibility
for multiple paths and contingencies Developing real-time and HPC
applications Accurate and flexible quantification of the VS margins
Wide-area view on voltage stability Potential for
predictive/preventive control Potential for close-loop automatic
emergency control systems. July 2, 20155
Slide 6
Security Margin and Control Direction Security margin d
provides situation awareness Control vector d provides actionable
information Constraints applied to control parameters and their
priorities can be incorporated. July 2, 20156
Slide 7
Approach -1 We are using powerful methods to explore voltage
stability boundary (VSB) Orbiting method Each iteration produces a
new VSB point We do not have to repeat continuation power flow for
each VSB point! Is very fast and accurate CPF 1 2-D Slice of n-D
Voltage Stability Boundary ORBITING 2 3 Path 1 Path 2
Slide 8
Providing Connectivity With PowerWorld Input: Three System
Models Tested 8 Central America Interconnection of Panama, Costa
Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua, El Salvador, and Guatemala systems 1985
buses 2298 branches California ISO 3535 buses 4402 branches Western
Electricity Coordinating Council planning model 19331 buses 22946
branches
Slide 9
Simulation Results- Central America CPF run for one VSB point
7.6963 s BOM run 0.1655 s
Slide 10
SystemsContinuation power flow Boundary orbiting method Average
Time Per Run (s) WECC2014 (19331 buses) 19116.64 CAISO (3535 buses)
9.63061.1010 Central America (1985 buses) 7.69630.1655 Simulation
Times
Connections with Previous, Existing, and Future Funded Projects
and Outreach Activities Cost Sharing University of Sydney,
Australia, ARC grant X-ray theorem and Delta-plane method,
1993-1997 PNNL LDRD project Further development of Non-iterative
voltage stability analysis method PNNL DOE OE project Wide-area
security region PNNL BPA project Wide-area security nomogram PNNL
DOE OE project Non-iterative voltage stability PNNL DOE ARPA-E
project Non-wire methods FY 2013-2015 Further outreach, technology
transfer & commercialization: Utilities and ISOs: BPA, Software
Vendors: PowerWorld, Consulting Companies: Quanta Technologies,
PNNL CEC/ CERTS /EPG project Voltage stability orbiting
procedure
Slide 13
Multi-path Near-Real-Time Path Rating: General Project Progress
and Updates Team: PNNL (Prime): Henry Huang, Ruisheng Diao,
Shuangshuang Jin, Yuri Makarov, Yousu Chen Quanta Technology
(Sub-Prime): Guorui Zhang PowerWorld: James Weber Bonneville Power
Administration: James Wong, Brian Tuck 13 ARPA-E 0670-4106
Slide 14
Transmission congestion cost Incur significant economic cost
2010: >$1.1 billion congestion cost at New York ISO [1] 2010: $
1.43 billion congestion cost PJM-wide [2] 14 [1] NYISO, 2011
Congestion Assessment and Resource Integration Study, March 2012
[2] PJM, Congestion and the PJM Regional Transmission Expansion
Plan, Dec. 2011
Slide 15
Means of congestion management Three traditional means of
congestion management (all require capital investment) [3]: Build
more generation close to load centers. Reduce load through energy
efficiency and demand reduction programs. Build more transmission
capacity in appropriate locations. Near-real-time approaches:
Generation redispatch (additional cost) Dynamic Line Rating (DLR),
thermal limited Validated at RTE, France and Oncor, TX Real-time
path rating, security/stability limited Validated concept at BPA,
CAISO and ERCOT No tools available due to intensive computational
requirements using existing techniques 15 [3] 2012 National
Electric Transmission Congestion Study. David Meyer, U.S.
Department of Energy, August 2012.
Slide 16
Real-time path rating Current Path Rating Practice and
Limitations Offline studies months or a year ahead of the operating
season Worst-case scenario Ratings are static for the operating
season The result: conservative (most of the time) path rating,
leading to artificial transmission congestion Real-Time Path Rating
On-line studies Current operating scenarios Ratings are dynamic
based on real-time operating conditions The result: realistic path
rating, leading to maximum use of transmission assets and relieving
transmission congestion 16
Slide 17
Benefits of real-time path rating 17 Increase transfer
capability of existing power network and enable additional energy
transactions Reduce total generation/consumer cost Avoid
unnecessary flow curtailment for emergency support, e.g. wind
uncertainties Enable dynamic transfer Enhance system situational
awareness
Slide 18
Technical Approach and Objective 1.Develop HPC based transient
and voltage stability simulation with innovative mathematical
methods 2.Develop HPC based real-time path rating capability with
predictability and uncertainty quantification 3.Develop advanced
congestion management methods with hierarchical coordination and
optimized control 4.Demonstrate the non-wire method on a commercial
software platform with real- life power system scenarios Technology
Summary MetricState of the Art Proposed Simulation speed3-5 times
slower than real time 10-20 times faster than real time Path rating
study internal Months