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Non-Mendelian Inheritance . Extranuclear genes Mitochondria Chloroplasts Epigenetic phenomenon Impacts expression of genes or development . 1. Mitochondrial Inheritance. Maternal inheritance in most organisms - cytoplasmic donor . - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Non-Mendelian Inheritance
Extranuclear genes
Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
Epigenetic phenomenon
Impacts expression of genes or development
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Mitochondrial Inheritance
Maternal inheritance in most organisms - cytoplasmic donor
Mitochondrial Eve - common African ancestor > 150,000 years ago
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Mitochondrial Mutations in Humans
Many diseases associated with defects in mitochondria
Some alsocaused by nuclear genes
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Maternal Inheritance in Neurospora
Poky mutants - defective cytochromes in mitochondria
Phenotype of mother appears in all offspring
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Transmission of Chloroplasts
Plants often uniparental inheritance
Angiosperms (flowering)
Most maternal inheritance
Some from both (biparental)
Few mostly paternal (evening primrose)
Conifers (gymnosperms)
Mostly paternal inheritance
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Transmission of Chloroplasts
Shoot color in four o’clock plants - variegation
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Transmission of Chloroplasts
Shoot color in four o’clock plants - maternal inheritance
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Transmission of Chloroplasts
Variegation due to heteroplasmy
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Petite Mutations in Yeast
Nuclear Inheritance Uniparental inheritance of mitochondria
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Infectious Heredity
Microorganisms coexist symbiotically with host
Killer phenomenon in yeast
toxin
L helps M replicate
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Maternal Effect
Mother’s genotype determines phenotype of progeny
Shell coiling in snails
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Maternal Effect
Hermaphrodites
D- mother
dextral offspring
dd mother
sinistral offspring