Nordic Ecolabelling of Fuel and biogas for heating and ... · Nordic Ecolabelling of Fuel and biogas for heating and industrial use 3 (19) Addresses In 1989, the Nordic Council of

Nordic Ecolabelling

Nordic Ecolabelling of Fuel and biogas for heating and industrial use

Version 2.5 15 June 2012 - 31 October 2018

Content What is a Nordic Ecolabelled fuel and biogas for heating and industrial use? 4

Why choose the Nordic Ecolabel? 4

What fuels are eligible for a Nordic Ecolabel? 5

How to apply 6

1 Overview, the requirements of the authorities and environmental requirements 8

1.1 Overview of requirements, operators and guidelines 8 1.2 The requirements of the authorities 9 1.3 Description of the product chain 9 1.4 Requirements applicable to the life cycle as a whole 10 1.5 Requirements applicable to fossil and vegetable raw materials 11 2 Working condition requirements 12 3 Quality requirements and other requirements 13 3.1 Requirements applicable to the finished product 13 3.2 Other requirements 15

Regulations for the Nordic Ecolabelling of products and services 17

Follow-up inspections 17

How long is a licence valid? 17

New criteria 18

Terms and definitions 19

Appendix 1 Guidance to Table 1 Appendix 2 Reference values Appendix 3 Guidelines on performing life cycle assessments Appendix 4 Guidelines governing the certification of biomass Appendix 5 Requirements applicable to test /analysis laboratories Appendix 6 Forms A to H

A. Declaration that the requirements of the authorities have been fulfilled B. Documentation of ingoing and outgoing material flows C. Documentation of energy consumed in the production of the fuel D. Documentation of transport of raw materials/semi-manufactures E. Declaration on compliance with the guidelines for performing life cycle analyses F. Declaration that no raw materials derive from tar sand, shale oil or coal in

accordance with the requirement G. Documentation of vegetable raw materials H. Declaration that raw materials do not come from plants that have been

genetically modified to be pest or pesticides resistant

099 Fuel and biogas for heating and industrial use, version 2.5, 11 October 2016 This document is a translation of an original in Norwegian. In case of dispute, the original document should be taken as authoritative.

Nordic Ecolabelling of Fuel and biogas for heating and industrial use 3 (19)

Addresses In 1989, the Nordic Council of Ministers decided to introduce a voluntary official ecolabel, the Nordic Ecolabel. These organisations/companies operate the Nordic Ecolabelling system on behalf of their own country’s government. For more information, see the websites: Denmark Ecolabelling Denmark Danish Standards Foundation Göteborg Plads 1 DK-2150 NORDHAVN Tel: +45 72 300 450 [email protected] www.ecolabel.dk Norway Ecolabelling Norway Henrik Ibsens gate 20 NO-0255 OSLO Tel: +47 24 14 46 00 [email protected] www.svanemerket.no

Finland Ecolabelling Finland Box 489 FI-00101 HELSINKI Tel: +358 9 61 22 50 00 [email protected] www.ecolabel.fi Sweden Ecolabelling Sweden Box 38114 SE-100 64 STOCKHOLM Tel: +46 8 55 55 24 00 [email protected] www.svanen.se

Iceland Ecolabelling Iceland Umhverfisstofnun Suðurlandsbraut 24 IS-108 REYKJAVIK Tel: +354 5 91 20 00 [email protected] www.svanurinn.is

This document may only be copied in its entirety and without any type of change.

It may be quoted from provided that Nordic Ecolabelling is stated as the source.

Nordic Ecolabelling 099/2.5 11 October 2016


What is a Nordic Ecolabelled fuel and biogas for heating and industrial use? At least 1/3 (vol %) of a Nordic Ecolabelled fuel is based on 2nd generation fuel and/or at least 1/2 (vol %) of the 1th generation fuel in the Nordic Ecolabelled fuel is based on renewable raw materials. Biogas for heating and industrial use requires a 100 % share of renewable raw materials.

The traceability of the biocomponent is ensured through mass balance accounting in accordance with the Renewable Energy Directive.

Seen from a life cycle perspective, a Nordic Ecolabelled fuel generates lower emissions of greenhouse gases. Requirements are also imposed on the amount of energy that may be used in the production of the Nordic Ecolabelled fuel with a view to ensuring that the fuel is not produced using a disproportionately high energy input. Criteria are harmonised with the provisions of the Renewable Energy Directive.

In a Nordic Ecolabelled fuel, vegetable raw materials are traceable – i.e. the applicant must document where the raw material originates. The applicant must also ensure that the raw material does not originate in areas in which biodiversity or values worthy of protection for social or environmental reasons are under threat. In addition, in the case of some vegetable raw materials, there is a requirement that a specified proportion of certified raw materials must be used in order to safeguard sustainable cultivation. A Nordic Ecolabelled fuel fulfils the sustainability criteria of the Renewable Energy Directive.

Compared with conventional fossil fuels, a Nordic Ecolabelled fuel does not give rise to an increased danger of cancer and does not consist of unconventional fossil fuels as tar sands and shale oil.

Raw materials from pesticide-tolerant and insect-resistant genetically modified plants are not permitted to use in a Nordic Ecolabelled fuel.

The quality of the fuel is safeguarded in that it is required to fulfil acknowledged fuel standards.

Why choose the Nordic Ecolabel? The licence holder is permitted to use the trademark-protected Nordic Ecolabel

in marketing the fuel. The Nordic Ecolabel enjoys credibility and is widely recognised in the Nordic countries.

The environmental and health requirement of the Nordic Ecolabel provide the individual producer with guidance on how to contribute to the development of a sustainable society. Environmental issues are complex, and understanding specific issues can take time. The Nordic Ecolabel scheme can be viewed as a guide in this work.



The Nordic Ecolabel is a cost-effective and simple means of communicating the environmental work and environmental commitment of the producer to customers and suppliers.

The Nordic Ecolabel encompasses not only environmental requirements but also quality requirements, because environment and quality often go hand-in-hand. This means that a Nordic Ecolabel licence can also be viewed as a mark of quality.

What fuels are eligible for a Nordic Ecolabel? Liquid or gaseous fuels for transport use produced from biomass or a blend of biomass and fossil fuels are eligible for a Nordic Ecolabel. At least 1/3 (vol %) of 2nd generation fuel and/or at least 1/2 (vol %) of 1th generation fuel of the Nordic Ecolabelled fuel must consist of renewable raw materials up to the filling station.

For gas at least 1/3 (vol %) share of renewable raw materials (from production) is required and distribution/mix of biogas is permitted in the pipeline-system according to R3, R17 and guidelines for mass balance accounting in the Renewable Energy Directive.

The applicant must also be able to document and fulfil requirements relating to amongst other areas:

Emissions of greenhouse gases from a life cycle perspective

Energy consumption from a life cycle perspective

The origins of all vegetable raw materials

Sustainable production of raw materials such as palm oil, sugar cane, wood raw materials and soya bean oil. The fuel must fulfil the sustainability criteria provided for in the Renewable Energy Directive.

The use of unconventional fossil raw materials

The use of genetically modified raw materials

A plan for fulfilling conventions regulating working conditions at both the raw material producer(s) and the fuel producer

Emissions of carcinogenic substances in exhaust gases as compared with conventional fossil fuels

The quality of the fuel

Biogas with a quality corresponding natural gas can be Swan labelled to be used for e.g. heating (district heating, heat for industrial use, private residences), in kitchens (private residences, commercial kitchens, restaurants) and industrial processes (e.g. production of steam for laundries). Biogas for heating and industrial use requires a 100 % share of renewable raw materials. In addition, the same requirement set for biogas used as a fuel applies for biogas for heating and industrial use (with certain adjustments specified under respective requirements).

Electricity cannot be Nordic Ecolabelled as a fuel.



How to apply Each requirement is marked with the letter R (requirement) and a number. All requirements must be fulfilled to be awarded a licence.

Definitions and explanations of terms are listed at the end of this document.

Icons in the text The text describes how the applicant shall demonstrate fulfilment of each requirement. There are also icons in the text to make this clearer. These icons are:

Enclose

The requirement checked on site

Application Applications are made to the national ecolabelling organisation and the application is valid for 12 months. Applications may be processed by another ecolabelling organisation according to agreement between the organisations. The applicant is notified of this. Companies located outside the Nordic countries make applications to the national ecolabelling organisation of the primary market.

The application must consist of a completed application form together with all of the documentation required to demonstrate compliance with the requirements specified in the criteria document (this is specified for each requirement). The application form must specify in which Nordic countries the products in question are to be sold and the estimated turnover from the products in each country.

Further information and assistance may be available. Visit the relevant national website for information.

Sales in the Nordic region Once granted, a licence is valid throughout the Nordic region. The licence document specifies in which Nordic countries the products are sold according to the information provided on the application. The products are published on Nordic Ecolabelling’s website(s). The licensee undertakes to inform Nordic Ecolabelling of any changes as to where the product is sold. If the product is to be sold in other Nordic countries than those initially specified in the application, the licensee must provide written notification of this and submit any extra documentation required to Nordic Ecolabelling in the country that issued the license.

On-site inspection In connection with handling of the application, Nordic Ecolabelling performs an on-site inspection to ensure adherence to the requirements. For such an inspection, data used for calculations, original copies of submitted certificates, test records, purchase statistics, and similar documents that support the application must be available for examination.

Costs An application fee is charged to companies applying for a licence. There is an additional annual fee based on the turnover of the Nordic Ecolabelled fuel.



Enquiries Please contact Nordic Ecolabelling if you have any queries or require further information. See page 3 for addresses.



1 Overview, the requirements of the authorities and environmental requirements

Definitions and many requirements in this document are based on requirements in the EU’s Renewables Directive (2009/28/EC) and the Fuel Quality Directive (2009/30/EC) and their limited national adaptions. Nordic Ecolabelling reserves the right to consider which country’s adaptations are to be met for a Nordic Ecolabelled fuel.

1.1 Overview of requirements, operators and guidelines

The following table provides an overview of which operators in the life cycle of the fuel are required to document the various requirements and the form/appendices that these operators can complete. In some cases, the burden of documentation falls on several operators and the applicant and producer may be one and the same. See Appendix 1 for a description of the various operators and their roles and the list of forms provided in Appendix 6.

Table 1: Overview of requirements, areas of responsibility, forms and appendices

Requirements to be documented by the operator

Operator(s) Form/ Appendix

R1 Laws and regulations Applicant/producer/raw material prod.

A/Appendix 6

R2 The applicant´s business Applicant

R3 Ingoing materials in the prod. Producer B/Appendix 6

R4 Products and by-products Producer B/Appendix 6

R5 Energy consumption during production Producer C/Appendix 6

R6 Shipment of raw materials and semi-manufactures

Producer D/Appendix 6

R7 Emissions of greenhouse gases Applicant/producer/raw material prod.

E/Appendix 6 Appendix 2 and 3

R8 Energy consumption Applicant/producer/raw material prod.

E/Appendix 6 Appendix 2 and 3

R9 Raw materials (fossil proportion) Applicant/producer/raw material prod.

F/Appendix 6

R10 Traceability of vegetable raw materials Producer/raw material prod. G/Appendix 6

R11 Certified vegetable raw materials Producer/raw material prod. G/Appendix 6 and Appendix 4

R12 GMO Producer/raw material prod. H/Appendix 6

R13 Working conditions Producer/raw material prod.

R14 Fuel quality Applicant/producer

R15 Harmful substances in exhaust Applicant/producer Appendix 5

R16 Maintenance of the quality of the fuel Applicant/producer

R17 Traceability Applicant/producer

R18 Responsibility for Nordic Ecolabel licence Applicant

R19 Documentation Applicant

R20 Planned changes Applicant/producer

R21 Unforeseen deviations Applicant/producer

R22 Annual follow-up Applicant



1.2 The requirements of the authorities

R1 Laws and regulations The applicable provisions of the Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC) and the Fuel Quality Directive (2009/30/EC) shall be followed at all production sites in all stages of production involved in producing the Nordic Ecolabelled fuel. Biogas for heating and industrial use shall comply with the Article 17, 18 and 19 in Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC) and Article 7d in the Fuel Quality Directive (2009/30/EC).

The applicable provisions of the environmental legislation, safety, working environment, and plant-specific conditions/licences and the Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) shall be followed at all production sites in all stages of production involved in producing the Nordic Ecolabelled fuel or biogas for heating/industrial use.

Duly completed and signed Form A in Appendix 6.

1.3 Description of the product chain If the fuel is a blend of several fuel qualities (e.g. biodiesel from rapeseed and biodiesel from animal fat), documentation as specified in R3 – R6 must be provided for each fuel quality.

If the final product contains a fossil fraction, there is no need to document R3 – R6 for this fraction.

R2 The applicant’s business A description of the applicant’s business must be submitted. This description must include:

details of the products for which a Nordic Ecolabel is sought

the geographical location of production

a description of the sales stage in the product chain, specifying whether the customer group is a limited group

whether the product is sold on the market in its pure form only or whether it might also occur as a component of blended products

Nordic Ecolabelling may also request other information that may be of relevance to the application.

The producer’s own description of the business.

R3 Ingoing material flows in the production of the fuel or the biogas for heating/industrial use Fuel

At least 1/3 (vol %) of 2nd generation fuel and/or at least 1/2 (vol %) of 1th generation fuel of the Nordic Ecolabelled fuel must consist of renewable raw materials up to the filling station. For gas at least 1/3 (vol %) share of renewable raw materials is required in the final produced Nordic Ecolabelled fuel.

Biogas for heating and industrial use

Biogas for heating and industrial use requires a 100 % share of renewable raw materials. Any additives, as well as gases which are added up to 10 (vol %) in order to increase the calorific value of the biomass, need not to be considered. See R17 for requirements for distribution of biogas in the transmission network.



The producer must account for all relevant raw materials, chemical additives and process chemicals used in the production of the fuel.

A brief description must also be provided of the technology behind the process in which renewable raw materials are converted to fuel.

Chemicals used e.g. for cleaning production equipment or process chemicals not relevant for fuel production are not encompassed by this requirement.

Definitions and system boundaries of 1th and 2nd generation fuels are given in the section of glossary and definitions. Nordic Ecolabelling reserves the right to determine the extent to which this is achieved. The documentation can be based on the average consumption over a year.

Definitions of raw materials, chemical additives and process chemicals can be found in the glossary at the end of the criteria document.

The complete formula (description of content) for the product for which the Nordic Ecolabel is sought as well as product safety data sheets on all chemical additives and process chemicals. Form B in Appendix 6 may be used for documenting raw materials, chemicals and their volumes.

The producer’s description of the process technology.

R4 Products and by-products The producer must specify the products and by-products formed in the process.

Only by-products that can be used in an allocation calculation must be specified.

A definition of by-products is provided in the glossary at the end of the criteria document.

Specification according to the requirement. Form B in Appendix 6 may be used.

Invoicing base showing quantities and buyers of the by-products.

R5 Energy consumed during production The producer of the fuel must provide details of the energy sources used and energy consumed (MJ) in the production of the renewable components of the fuel.

Documentation according to the requirement. Form C in Appendix 6 may be used.

R6 Shipment of raw materials/semi-manufactures The fuel producer must specify transport distances and transport means used in shipping renewable raw materials/semi-manufactures. If shipment takes place over several stages, all must be described. The same applies if the fuel for which the Nordic Ecolabel is sought consists of multiple components.

Documentation according to the requirement. Form D in Appendix 6 may be used.

1.4 Requirements applicable to the life cycle as a whole

R7 Emissions of greenhouse gases Over the course of the life cycle, emissions of greenhouse gases must not exceed 50 g of CO2 equivalents/MJ of fuel.

Emissions of the greenhouse gases CO2, CH4 and N2O from raw material production, production of the fuel, transport, and use must be included in the calculations.

Calculation Methodology and reference values shall follow the principles of Article 19 in the Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC) with specific guidelines given in Annex V. It is allowed to use a work tool on BioGrace.net and the latest updated version of Appendix 2. The analysis must be performed by a competent and independent third party or by the applicant. If the applicant performs the analysis, the analysis then has to be



verified by a competent and independent third party. All relevant reference values are provided in Appendix 2 (or later updated version) and guidelines on the life cycle assessment are provided in Appendix 3.

Regarding fossil components of gasoline and diesel the reference of 83.8 g CO2-eq / MJ (in accordance with Renewables Directive (2009/28 / EC) Annex V) must be used.

In the case of electricity (EU electricity mix), the reference values for total greenhouse gas emissions per MJ of fuel listed in Appendix 2 must be used.

If the fuel is a blend of several fuel components, emissions of greenhouse gases must be calculated as a weighted total of each ingoing component.

Form E in Appendix 6 must be used to certify that the principles and guidelines for life cycle analyses are followed. Calculations documenting that the requirement has been met, shall be submitted to Nordic Ecolabelling.

R8 Energy consumption Energy consumed associated with raw material production, production and transport of the renewable proportion of a Nordic Ecolabelled fuel must not exceed 1.2 MJ per MJ of fuel produced.

Energy consumption associated with raw material production, production of the fuel and transport must be included in the calculations.

Production of by-products in a fuel production process shall allocating between the fuel (or its intermediate) and by-products occur in relation to their energy content.

Calculation Methodology and reference values shall follow the relevant principles in the Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC). It is allowed to use a work tool on BioGrace.net and the latest updated version of Appendix 2. The analysis must be performed by a competent and independent third party or by the applicant. If the applicant performs the analysis, the analysis then has to be verified by a competent and independent third party. All relevant reference values are provided in Appendix 2 (or later updated version) and guidelines on the life cycle assessment are provided in Appendix 3. The reference values for EU electricity mix listed in Appendix 2 must be used in the energy calculations.

Form E in Appendix 6 must be used to certify that the principles and guidelines for life cycle analyses are followed. Calculations documenting that the requirement has been met, shall be submitted to Nordic Ecolabelling.

1.5 Requirements applicable to fossil and vegetable raw materials

R9 Unconventional fossil raw materials Fossil components of the Nordic Ecolabelled fuel must not be based on tar sand, shale oil, shale gas or coal.

A definition of unconventional fossil raw materials can be found in the section headed Definitions and explanations of terms.

Declaration from the applicant and supplier/refiner confirming compliance with the requirement. Form F in Appendix 6 may be used.

R10 The traceability and documentation of vegetable raw materials The licence holder must:

ensure that vegetable raw materials are traceable

ensure that the raw material does not originate in areas with a high bio-diversity value (as defined in detail in Article 17, paragraph 3 of the Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC))



ensure that the raw material does not originate in areas with a high carbon stock (as defined in detail in Article 17, paras. 4 and 5 of the Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC))

The requirement does not encompass the use of waste and residues defined according to the Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC).

The use of a mass balance system in accordance with Article 7c, para. 1 of the Fuel Quality Directive and Article 18 para. 1 of the Renewable Energy Directive is permitted. Nordic Ecolabelling does not accept trade with certificates (book and claim).

Copy of relevant certificates or other documentation. Documentation/declaration from a body accredited to approve the fuel. Form G of Appendix 6 may be used to document the origins of the raw material.

Nordic Ecolabelling reserves the right to require the submission of further documentation in the event of uncertainty about whether the raw material originated in areas with a high biodiversity value or areas with a high carbon stock.

R11 Certified vegetable raw materials 100% of all palm oil, soybean oil and sugar cane and 70% of all wood raw materials (including sawdust and wood chips from sawmills) used in the production of the fuel must be certified in accordance with a standard and certification system specified in Appendix 4.

Certification must be performed by an independent third party.

The requirement limit must be fulfilled separately by each raw material, but exemptions from the requirement are granted in the case of raw materials present in the fuel in quantities of less than 5% (% by weight or volume).

This requirement does not include residuals or waste defined according to the Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC).

Example: The raw materials in a biodiesel product are 60% palm oil and 40% rapeseed oil. 100% of the palm oil must accordingly be certified in accordance with a standard and a certification system approved by Nordic Ecolabelling. The rapeseed does not need to be certified but must fulfil R10.

Overview of the proportion (%) of certified raw materials used in the fuel. Form G in Appendix 6 can be used for this purpose.

Copy of a certificate signed by an approved certification body (in accordance with Appendix 4).

R12 Genetically modified plants Raw materials from pesticide-tolerant and insect-resistant genetically modified plants are not permitted to use in a Nordic Ecolabelled fuel.

Declaration from the raw material supplier of compliance with the requirement. Form H in Appendix 6 may be used. Nordic Ecolabelling reserves the right to require the submission of further documentation in the event of uncertainty about compliance with the requirement.

2 Working condition requirements R13 Working conditions

The licence holder must ensure that biomass and other raw material producers and the fuel producer have plans in place for fulfilling the following UN and ILO Conventions. This requirement applies to both renewable and fossil proportion of the ecolabelled fuel:

The UN’s Convention on the Rights of the Child, Article 32



The UN’s Convention (61/295) on the Rights of Indigenous People

ILO Convention No. 29 concerning Forced Labour

ILO Convention No. 87 on Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise

ILO Convention No. 98 concerning the Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining

ILO Convention No. 100 concerning Equal Remuneration

ILO Convention No. 105 concerning the Abolition of Forced Labour

ILO Convention No. 111 concerning Discrimination in respect of Employment and Occupation

ILO Convention No. 138 concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment

ILO Convention No. 148 concerning Working Environment (Air Pollution, Noise and Vibration)

ILO Convention No. 155 concerning Occupational Safety and Health and the Working Environment

ILO Convention No. 170 concerning Safety in use of Chemicals at Work

ILO Convention No. 182 concerning the Worst Form of Child Labour

If raw materials and fuel are produced in countries in which these conventions are incorporated as part of the requirements of the authorities, no further documentation will be required beyond the declaration that the requirements of the authorities have been fulfilled (R1).

The plans of all raw material producers and fuel producers with a description of the work conducted to fulfil the conventions at the production sites.

3 Quality requirements and other requirements

3.1 Requirements applicable to the finished product

R14 The quality of the fuel or the biogas for heating/industrial use The fuel must at all times fulfil the provisions provided for in the Fuel Quality Directive (2009/30/EC) adopted by the European Union.

The fuel must be analysed by an accredited laboratory and fulfil nationally and/or internationally accepted fuel standards.

Provided that the licence holder can document that this is acceptable to the end user of the fuel (for example a bus company, car-pooling system etc. with its own fuel pumps), the licence holder may, subject to approval by Nordic Ecolabelling, be permitted to utilise the Nordic Ecolabel without fulfilling the fuel standard.

Biogas for heating and industrial use: The biogas has to be upgraded and comply with national supervisory authorities quality requirements for biogas in the transmission network or equivalent quality requirements from the body who is responsible for the natural gas transmission network.

The applicant must state which standard the fuel, for which a Nordic Ecolabel is sought, is able to fulfil.

An analysis report and a declaration from the laboratory that the fuel fulfils the standard must be submitted to Nordic Ecolabelling.



As an alternative a written declaration from the end user of the fuel may be submitted which states that the end user agrees that the fuel does not need to fulfil the aforementioned standards.

Biogas for heating and industrial use: An analysis report and a declaration from the laboratory that the biogas comply with national supervisory authorities quality requirements for biogas in the transmission network or equivalent quality requirements from the body who is responsible for the natural gas transmission network.

R15 Harmful substances in exhaust fumes The risk of cancer must not increase when fossil fuels are replaced with a Nordic Ecolabelled fuel.

The concentration in exhaust fumes of all the substances listed in the table below must be measured at a laboratory that fulfils the requirements applicable to test laboratories as specified in Appendix 5. Cancer risk is assessed by multiplying the concentration of the individual substance with the stated risk factor. The total figure must not exceed the equivalent total calculated for the fossil fuel alternatives for engines using the same combustion technology.

The measurement of emissions must be performed with a chassis dynamometer during driving in accordance with the EU driving cycle (NEDC), http://www.dieselnet.com/standards/cycles/ece_eudc.html, during both summer and winter temperatures. A new vehicle with stable emissions representing an average car in the Nordic countries must be used. For heavy vehicles (i.e. buses and trucks) the Braunschweig driving cycle or equivalent must be used, http://www.dieselnet.com/standards/cycles/braunschweig.html.

Substances Risk factors

particles 7 x 10-5

benzene 0.8 x 10-5

formaldehyde 10 x 10-5

acetaldehyde 0.2 x 10-5

ethane 5 x 10-5

propene 1 x 10-5

1,3-butadiene 30 x 10-5

PAH 2 (incl. benzopyrene) 2 800 x 10-5 The risk of cancer must always be calculated on the basis of the finished fuel product including all chemical additives.

If the laboratory is already in possession of measurement results for fossil fuel alternatives, these may be used for a basis for the assessment. If so, the measurement results for the fuel for which a Nordic Ecolabel is sought must be acquired using the same method and using an engine with the equivalent combustion technology.

If the applicant can obtain test results for equivalent fuels showing that the cancer risk is lower than in the case of fossil fuels, this may be used to document fulfilment of the requirement. If so, this must be evaluated and proved by an independent third party body/laboratory.

Biogas for heating and industrial use: The biogas has to be upgraded and comply with national supervisory authorities quality requirements for biogas in the transmission network or equivalent quality requirements from the body who is responsible for the natural gas transmission network. See requirement R14.

Complete test report and assessment that the requirement has been fulfilled from accredited third party laboratory.



3.2 Other requirements To ensure that the Nordic Ecolabel requirements are fulfilled throughout the licence period, the following procedures must be in place.

If the producer/importer/supplier has a certified environmental management system in accordance with ISO 14 001 or EMAS, in which the following procedures are implemented, it will be sufficient for the accredited auditor to document implementation of the requirements.

R16 Maintenance of the quality of the fuel or the biogas for heating/industrial use The licence holder shall ensure that the quality of the Nordic Ecolabelled fuel or biogas for heating/industrial use does not deteriorate during the term of validity of the licence. The fuel must at all times fulfil the applicable provisions provided for in the Fuel Quality Directive (2009/30/EC) adopted by the European Union.

Biogas for heating and industrial use: The biogas has to be upgraded and comply with national supervisory authorities quality requirements for biogas in the transmission network or equivalent quality requirements from the body who is responsible for the natural gas transmission network. See requirement R14.

Description of the system put in place by the licence holder to ensure that the producer(s) has (have) the relevant control over the Nordic Ecolabelled fuel or biogas for heating/industrial use.

The licence holder/producer shall refer to procedures/agreements for compiling complaints about the quality of the Nordic Ecolabelled fuel or biogas for heating/industrial use. Nordic Ecolabelling reserves the right to request an account of this system.

R17 Traceability The licence holder/producer must safeguard the traceability of the Nordic Ecolabelled fuel or biogas for heating/industrial use in the production process until the filling point/delivery point to ensure that the Nordic Ecolabelled product is not mixed with products that are not Nordic Ecolabelled.

The use of a mass balance system as provided for in Article 7c para 1 of the Fuel Quality Directive and Article 18 para 1 of the Renewable Energy Directive is permissible. Nordic Ecolabelling do not accept trade with certificates (book and claim)

Distribution of Nordic Ecolabelled gas in existing pipeline systems to the filling point (tank drive)/delivery point requires certified traceability (such as the natural gas network in Denmark). Documented traceability systems decelerated by an external auditor, both in terms of the proportion of Nordic Ecolabelled gas that enters the gas network (on an annual basis) and the proportion of gas (on an annual basis) leaving the network (filling station/delivery point), are also accepted.

Descriptions/procedures for fulfilling the requirement.

Distribution of biogas in existing pipeline systems: Copy of certificate or declaration from external auditor.

R18 Responsibility for the Nordic Ecolabel One person at the licence holder and at the producer if the latter is not the same as the former must be allocated responsibility for fulfilment of the Nordic Ecolabel requirements and one person must be allocated responsibility for contact with Nordic Ecolabelling.

List of persons responsible for this work.



R19 Documentation The licence holder must be able to present a copy of the application and the basis for calculations and data (including test reports, documents from subcontractors and the like) underlying the documentation submitted in connection with the application.

On-site inspection.

R20 Planned changes Planned changes in products and markets affecting the Nordic Ecolabel requirements must be reported in writing to Nordic Ecolabelling.

Procedures showing how planned changes in products and markets are handled.

R21 Unforeseen deviations Unforeseen deviations that impact on the Nordic Ecolabel requirements must be reported in writing to Nordic Ecolabelling and recorded in a journal.

Procedures showing how unforeseen deviations are handled.

R22 Annual reporting Each year by 31 March, the applicant must report on the preceding year’s production. In the event of changes in relation to the calculation data used at the time of application, documentation must be submitted to Nordic Ecolabelling showing that the requirements continue to be adhered to.

Each year the licence holder must submit documentation to Nordic Ecolabelling showing that the requirements as to the ecolabelling of fuel continue to be complied with.



Regulations for the Nordic Ecolabelling of products and services More information about regulations, fees and graphical guidelines can be found at http://www.nordic-ecolabel.org/downloads/regulations/

Follow-up inspections Nordic Ecolabelling may decide to check whether the fuel fulfils Nordic Ecolabel requirements during the licence period. This may involve a site visit, random sampling or similar test.

Random samples may also be taken in-store and analysed by an independent laboratory. If the requirements are not met, Nordic Ecolabelling may charge the analysis costs to the licensee.

How long is a licence valid? The Nordic Ecolabelling Board adopted version 2.0 of the criteria for fuel on 15 June 2012. Criteria version 2.0 remain in force until 30 June 2016.

On 10 December 2014, it was decided by the Management group of product development for the Nordic Ecolabelling to adjust and clarify the requirements for the calculation of energy consumption as well as the definitions of waste and residues. On 17 November 2014 The Board of Directors decided to remove requirement R22 Marketing. Criteria version 2.1 remain in force until 30 June 2016.

On the 17 March 2015, it was decided by the Nordic Ecolabelling’s Criteria Group to adjust the reference value for fossil components of gasoline and diesel from 87.6 g CO2 ekv/MJ to 83.8 g CO2 ekv/MJ. Criteria version 2.2 remain in force until 30 June 2016.

The Nordic Ecolabelling’s Criteria Group decided on 16 June 2015 to prolong the criteria with eighteen months. The new version is 2.3 and it is valid until 31 December 2017.

On the 9 September 2015, it was decided by the Nordic Ecolabelling Board per capsulam to expand the product group with biogas for heating and industrial use. The new version is 2.4.

The Nordic Ecolabelling’s Criteria Group decided on 11 October 2016 to prolong the criteria with ten months. The new version is 2.5 and it is valid until 31 October 2018.

The ecolabel licence is valid providing the criteria are fulfilled and until the criteria expire. The validity period of the criteria may be extended or adjusted, in which case the licence is automatically extended and the licensee informed.

Revised criteria shall be published at least one year prior to the expiry of the present criteria. The licensee is then offered the opportunity to renew their licence.



New criteria This second version of the criteria document is intended to support a move in the direction of fuels that are environmentally sound. The criteria will be revised in the near future with a view to following up the rapid technical and environmental development within the industry. The revision will take place over the course of three years.

The requirements applicable to emissions of greenhouse gases and energy consumption will be revised with a view to increasing their stringency and making the relevant adjustments.

The development of sustainability criteria for renewable fuels and for fossil fuels will be considered.

The inclusion of other relevant environmental parameters from a life cycle perspective will be considered. This might, inter alia, take in eutrophication, acidification, water consumption, the indirect effects of land use and environmental emissions in the production phase.



Terms and definitions

Term Explanation or definition

Allocation Allocating in this context involves apportioning the environmental impact between the pro-ducts occurring in a process (assuming that more than one product is formed). Several methods exist for allocating environmental impact.

Biofuel Liquid or gaseous fuel for transport uses produced from biomass (see the definition of biomass below).

Biomass The biologically degradable portion of vegetable and animal substances.

By-product A product that is formed in the production of something else and that has an economic value.

Chemical additive Chemicals added to the fuel in quantities below 10% in order to change the freezing point/melting point, octane value or other physical or chemical properties of the product.

Corn Corn is the fruit of grass varieties cultivated for use as foodstuff for humans and animals. As used in this document, the term includes barley, durra, oats, millet, wheat, maize, rice and rye etc.

Fossil fuels Fuels produced from fossil raw materials such as oil, natural gas and coal.

Fuel components E85 is an example of a product consisting of two fuel components: the fossil component which makes up 15%, and the biobased component, which makes up 85%.

GHG Abbreviation of greenhouse gases (see definition below).

Greenhouse gases Atmospheric gases that let through radiation from the sun but capture heat radiated from the earth. Man-made emissions of greenhouse gases increase the concentration in the atmo-sphere to level that exceed the natural balance. Several gases contribute to this increase, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O).

LCA Abbreviation of Life Cycle Assessment. A Life Cycle Assessment is a systematic charting and assessment of the impacts on health, environ-ment and resources throughout the life cycle of a product or product system, from the raw material extraction stage to the final waste processing stage.



NEDC Abbreviation of New European Driving Cycle. NEDC provides data on the fuel consumption of an average European car with an average European driving pattern.

Process chemicals Chemicals used to power a process. One example of this is the use of methanol in the production of rapeseed diesel.

Production-specific data Data stating the precise data for the produc-tion in question. Reference values are gene-rally based on an average of a selection of production-specific data, although major variations in data may occur from one production to another.

Raw material Raw materials are materials that are not processed in any way. For the purposes of the ecolabelling of fuels, a raw material is defined as the ingoing component where the energy that is transferred in the process conversion to fuel is stored.

Raw material producer Where the production of the raw material is divided up into multiple stages (cultivation of biomass or simpler processing of the biomass), the term raw material producer takes in all of these operators.

Reference values In this context, reference values means published average figures for parts of the production and shipment of the fuel. Such data may be used in the calculations for discrete parts of the life cycle of the fuel.

Renewable raw materials In this context, renewable raw materials means biological materials that are repro-duced in nature within a time frame of 100 years. For these purposes, biologically degradable fractions of products, waste and residues from agriculture and fisheries (both vegetable and animal), sustainable forestry and associated industries and the biologically degradable fraction of industrial waste and municipal waste are defined as renewables.

Residues from agriculture and forestry

Residues

Unconventional fuels

All materials and all items encompassed defined according to the Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC) such as straw, bagasse, bark and branches and branch tops

See waste and residues from agriculture and forestry alternative waste and residues for processing industry or industry

Tar sand (bitumen or crude oil)1. Shale oil (extra heavy oil or crude oil)1. Coal (“coal to liquid technology” or “underground coal gasification technology”). 1Tar sand (butimen) and extra heavy oil have a viscosity (API) value of less than 100.



Waste All materials and all items encompassed defined according to the Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC), example animal raw materials, aquaculture, household waste, sludge, animal faeces and sewage.

Waste and residues from the processing industry or industry

1th generation biofuels

All materials and all items encompassed defined according to the Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC) such as black and brown lye, wood shavings saw dust and tallow oil.

1th generation biofuels manufactured commercially with conventional technology. Basic raw materials are seed, grain or whole plants from crops such as corn, sugar cane, wheat rapeseed, sunflower or palm oil. These plants are originally selected for human con-sumption and animal feed, and most are still used for human consumption. The most common first generation biofuels are bioetha-nol followed by biodiesel, vegetable oils and biogas. Source: UNEP, 2009. http://www.unep.fr/scp/rpanel/pdf/Assessing_Biofuels_Full_Report.pdf

2nd Generation biofuels Biogas produced from waste or residual product from biomass is defined as the 2nd generation biofuels in this criterion): Can be manufactured from raw materials that are not used as human or animal. These include waste biomass (biogas), residues from various grains (not the grain) cellulose and cellulose based materials. 2nd generation biofuels use biomass to liquid (BTL) technology by thermochemical conversion (mainly biodiesel) or fermentation (eg to produce ethanol from cellulose). Many 2nd generation biofuels as biohydrogen, biohydrogen diesel, biomethanol, DMF (dimetylfuran), Bio-DME (dimethyl ether), Fischer-Tropsch diesel and mixed alcohols are under development. Source: UNEP, 2009. http://www.unep.fr/scp/rpanel/pdf/Assessing_Biofuels_Full_Report.pdf

Nordic Ecolabelling 099 / 2


Appendix 1 Guidance to Table 1

The product chain of a fuel and the number of operators involved in producing it may vary considerably from one product to another.

Some products are produced on the basis of a single type of energy input material, whereas others are a blend of various fuel components. An example of the latter is E85 (85% ethanol and 15% petrol). Multiple fuel producers may be involved in the production of blended products of this type – in the case of E85 there will frequently be one producer of the ethanol fraction and one producer of the petrol fraction.

Variations in the product chain may also occur further back in the chain. In some cases, the vendor, the fuel producer and the producer of the raw material(s) concerned will be one and the same operator. In other cases, the vendor is solely a distributor and has little or no involvement in the production of the fuel.

The requirements must be documented by whichever operator has first-hand knowledge of the area of the product chain in question. This means that requirements relating to energy raw materials must be documented by the raw material producer(s), while the requirements relating to production of the fuel must be documented by the fuel producer.

If the applicant and the fuel producer are one and the same operator, responsibility for documenting all the applicable requirements in the above table will rest with this party.

If the production of the fuel is divided into multiple stages with for example one operator extracting the crude oil from a plant while a second distils this oil, then both of these producers must document the requirements that are relevant to fuel production. The same applies if one operator is the producer of a component of a blended product and a second is responsible for the blend ratio and any additives.



Appendix 2 Reference values

Production-specific data must always be used in information on the production of re-newable fuel components. Reference values may be used for other parts of the life cycle.

The reference data in this appendix must be used when calculating total emissions of greenhouse gases and total energy consumption.

The latest version of JEC Well to Wheel may also be used as a source of reference values.

The reference values below are published on www.biograce.net.

Always check the Internet reference for new and updated reference data.

Explanations of terms and definitions can be found at: http://www.biograce.net/content/ghgcalculationtools/standardvalues.

1. Global Warming Potentials CO2 1 g CO2,eq / g CO2

CH4 23 g CO2,eq / g CH4

N2O 296 g CO2,eq / g N2O

2. GHG emission coefficients 2.1 Agro-inputs

N-fertiliser 2827,0 g CO2/kg N 8,68 g CH4/kg N 9,6418 g N2O/kg N 5880,6 g CO2,eq/kg N

P2O5-fertiliser 964,9 g CO2/kg P2O5 1,33 g CH4/kg P2O5

0,0515 g N2O /kg P2O5

1010,7 g CO2,eq/kg P2O5

K2O -fertiliser 536,3 g CO2/kg K2O 1,57 g CH4/kg K2O 0,0123 g N2O /kg

K2O 576,1 g CO2,eq/kg K2O

CaO-fertiliser 119,1 g CO2/kg CaO 0,22 g CH4/kg CaO 0,0183 g N2O /kg

CaO 129,5 g CO2,eq/kg CaO

Pesticides 9886,5 g CO2/kg 25,53 g CH4/kg 1,6814 g N2O /kg 10971,3 g CO2,eq/kg

Seeds- corn - g CO2/kg - g CH4/kg - g N2O /kg - g CO2,eq/kg

Seeds- rapeseed 412,1 g CO2/kg 0,91 g CH4/kg 1,0028 g N2O /kg 729,9 g CO2,eq/kg

Seeds- soy bean - g CO2/kg - g CH4/kg - g N2O /kg - g CO2,eq/kg

Seeds- sugarbeet 2187,7 g CO2/kg 4,60 g CH4/kg 4,2120 g N2O /kg 3540,3 g CO2,eq/kg

Seeds- sugarcane 1,6 g CO2/kg 0,00 g CH4/kg 0,0000 g N2O /kg 1,6 g CO2,eq/kg

Seeds- sunflower 412,1 g CO2/kg 0,91 g CH4/kg 1,0028 g N2O /kg 729,9 g CO2,eq/kg

Seeds- wheat 151,1 g CO2/kg 0,28 g CH4/kg 0,4003 g N2O /kg 275,9 g CO2,eq/kg

2.2 Residues (feedstock or input)

EFB compost 0,0 g CO2/kg 0,00 g CH4/kg 0,0000 g N2O /kg 0,0 g CO2,eq /kg

Filter mud cake 0,0 g CO2/kg 0,00 g CH4/kg 0,0000 g N2O /kg 0,0 g CO2,eq /kg

Vinasse 0,0 g CO2/kg 0,00 g CH4/kg 0,0000 g N2O /kg 0,0 g CO2,eq /kg



2.3 Fuels (also conversion inputs)

Natural gas (4000 km, Russian NG quality) 61,58 g CO2/MJ 0,1981 g CH4/MJ 0,0002 g N2O /MJ 66,20 g CO2,ew/MJ

Natural gas (4000 km, EU Mix quality) 62,96 g CO2/MJ 0,1981 g CH4/MJ 0,0002 g N2O /MJ 67,59 g CO2,ew/MJ

Diesel/gasoline 83,8 g CO2/MJ - g CH4/MJ - g N2O /MJ 83,8 g CO2,ew/MJ

HFO 84,98 g CO2/MJ - g CH4/MJ - g N2O /MJ 84,98 g CO2,ew/MJ

HFO for marine transport 87,20 g CO2/MJ - g CH4/MJ - g N2O /MJ 84,98 g CO2,ew/MJ

Methanol 92,80 g CO2/MJ 0,2900 g CH4/MJ 0,0003 g N2O /MJ 99,57 g CO2,ew/MJ

Hard coal 102,38 g CO2/MJ 0,3835 g CH4/MJ 0,0003 g N2O /MJ 111,28 g CO2,ew/MJ

Lignite 116,76 g CO2/MJ 0,0091 g CH4/MJ 0,0001 g N2O /MJ 116,98 g CO2,ew/MJ

Wheat straw 1,75 g CO2/MJ 0,0013 g CH4/MJ 0,0001 g N2O /MJ 1,80 g CO2,ew/MJ

2.4 Electricity

Electricity EU mix MV 119,36 g CO2/MJ 0,2911 g CH4/MJ 0,0054 g N2O /MJ 127,65 g CO2,ew/MJ

Electricity EU mix LV 120,79 g CO2/MJ 0,2946 g CH4/MJ 0,0055 g N2O /MJ 129,19 g CO2,ew/MJ

2.5 Electricity production (reference for credit calculation)

Electricity (NG CCGT) 114,48 g CO2/MJ 0,3679 g CH4/MJ 0,0050 g N2O /MJ 9,94 g CO2,ew/MJ

Electricity (Lignite ST) 284,77 g CO2/MJ 0,0259 g CH4/MJ 0,0078 g N2O /MJ 2,90 g CO2,ew/MJ

Electricity (Straw CHP) 5,56 g CO2/MJ 0,0042 g CH4/MJ 0,0002 g N2O /MJ 0,15 g CO2,ew/MJ

2.6 CH4 and N2O emissions of steam production

CH4 and N2O emissions, steam from NG boiler - 0,0028 g CH4/MJ 0,0011 g N2O /MJ 0,39 g CO2,ew/MJ

CH4 and N2O emissions, steam from Lignite CHP - 0,0023 g CH4/MJ 0,0126 g N2O /MJ 3,79 g CO2,ew/MJ

2.7 Conversion inputs

n-Hexane 80,08 g CO2/MJ 0,0146 g CH4/MJ 0,0003 g N2O /MJ 80,50 g CO2,ew/MJ

Phosphoric acid (H3PO4)

2776,0 g CO2/kg 8,93 g CH4/kg 0,1028 g N2O /kg 3011,7 g CO2,eq /kg

Fuller's earth 197,0 g CO2/kg 0,04 g CH4/kg 0,0063 g N2O /kg 199,7 g CO2,eq /kg

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) 717,4 g CO2/kg 1,13 g CH4/kg 0,0254 g N2O /kg 750,9 g CO2,eq /kg

Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3)


Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 438,5 g CO2/kg 1,03 g CH4/kg 0,0240 g N2O /kg 469,3 g CO2,eq /kg

Potassium hydroxide (KOH) 0,0 g CO2/kg 0,00 g CH4/kg 0,0000 g N2O /kg 0,0 g CO2,eq /kg

Hydrogen (for HVO) 80,87 g CO2/MJ 0,2765 g CH4/MJ 0,0003 g N2O /MJ 87,32 g CO2,ew/MJ

Pure CaO for processes 1013,0 g CO2/kg 0,65 g CH4/kg 0,0076 g N2O /kg 1030,2 g CO2,eq /kg

Sulphuric acid (H2SO4)


Ammonia 2478,0 g CO2/kg 7,84 g CH4/kg 0,0087 g N2O /kg 2660,8 g CO2,eq /kg

Cycle-hexane 723,0 g CO2/kg 0,00 g CH4/kg 0,0000 g N2O /kg 723,0 g CO2,eq /kg

Lubricants 947,0 g CO2/kg 0,00 g CH4/kg 0,0000 g N2O /kg 947,0 g CO2,eq /kg



3. Fossil energy input

3.1 Agro-inputs

N-fertiliser 48,99 MJfossil/kg N

P2O5-fertiliser 15,23 MJfossil /kg P2O5

K2O -fertiliser 9,68 MJfossil /kg K2O

CaO-fertiliser 1,97 MJfossil /kg CaO

Pesticides 268,40 MJfossil /kg

Seeds- corn - MJfossil /kg

Seeds- rapeseed 7,87 MJfossil /kg

Seeds- soy bean - MJfossil /kg

Seeds- sugarbeet 36,29 MJfossil /kg

Seeds- sugarcane 0,02 MJfossil /kg

Seeds- sunflower 7,87 MJfossil /kg

Seeds- wheat 2,61 MJfossil /kg

EFB compost 0,00 MJfossil /kg

3.2 Residues (feedstock or input)

EFB compost 0,00 MJfossil /kg

Filter mud cake 0,00 MJfossil /kg

Vinasse 0,00 MJfossil /kg

3.3 Fuels (also conversion inputs)

Natural gas (4000 km, Russian NG quality) 1,1281 MJfossil /MJ

Natural gas (4000 km, EU Mix quality) 1,1281 MJfossil /MJ

Diesel 1,16 MJfossil /MJ

HFO 1,088 MJfossil /MJ

HFO for marine transport 1,088 MJfossil /MJ

Methanol 1,6594 MJfossil /MJ

Hard coal 1,0886 MJfossil /MJ

Lignite 1,0156 MJfossil /MJ

Wheat straw 0,0254 MJfossil /MJ

3.4 Electricity

Electricity EU mix MV 2,6951 MJfossil /MJ

Electricity EU mix LV 2,7275 MJfossil /MJ

3.5 Electricity production (reference for credit calculation)

Electricity (NG CCGT) 2,0511 MJfossil /MJ

Electricity (Lignite ST) 2,4770 MJfossil /MJ

Electricity (Straw CHP) 0,0806 MJfossil /MJ



3.6 Conversion inputs

n-Hexane 0,3204 MJfossil /MJ

Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) 28,57 MJfossil /kg

Fuller's earth 2,54 MJfossil /kg

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) 15,43 MJfossil /kg

Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) 13,79 MJfossil /kg

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 10,22 MJfossil /kg

Potassium hydroxide (KOH) 0,00 MJfossil /kg

Hydrogen (for HVO) 1,4835 MJfossil /MJ

Pure CaO for processes 4,60 MJfossil /kg

Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) 3,90 MJfossil /kg

Ammonia 44,39 MJfossil /kg

Cycle-hexane 53,10 MJfossil /kg

Lubricants 53,28 MJfossil /kg

Density 3.7 Density of liquid fuels (also conversion inputs)

Diesel 832 kg / m3

Gasoline 745 kg / m3

HFO 970 kg / m3

HFO for marine transport 970 kg / m3

Ethanol 794 kg / m3

Methanol 793 kg / m3

FAME 890 kg / m3

Syn diesel (BtL) 780 kg / m3

HVO 780 kg / m3

4. Lower heating values (LHV’s) 4.1 Liquid and solid fuels (also conversion inputs)

Diesel 43,1 MJ/kg (0% water)

Gasoline 43,2 MJ/kg (0% water)

HFO 40,5 MJ/kg (0% water)

HFO for marine transport 40,5 MJ/kg (0% water)

Ethanol 26,81 MJ/kg (0% water)

Methanol 19,9 MJ/kg (0% water)

FAME 37,2 MJ/kg (0% water)

Syn diesel (BtL) 44,0 MJ/kg (0% water)

HVO 44,0 MJ/kg (0% water)

PVO 36,0 MJ/kg (0% water)

n-Hexane 45,1 MJ/kg (0% water)

Hard coal 26,5 MJ/kg (0% water)

Lignite 9,2 MJ/kg (0% water)



4.2 Biofuel feedstocks and byproducts

Corn 18,5 MJ/kg (0% water)

FFB 24,0 MJ/kg (0% water)

Rapeseed 26,4 MJ/kg (0% water)

Soybeans 23,5 MJ/kg (0% water)

Sugar beet 16,3 MJ/kg (0% water)

Sugar cane 19,6 MJ/kg (0% water)

Sunflowerseed 26,4 MJ/kg (0% water)

Wheat 17,0 MJ/kg (0% water)

Animal fat 37,1 MJ/kg (0% water)

BioOil (byproduct FAME from waste oil) 21,8 MJ/kg (0% water)

Crude vegetable oil 36,0 MJ/kg (0% water)

DDGS (10% by weight moisture) 16,0 MJ/kg (10% water)

Glycerol 16,0 MJ/kg (0% water)

Palm kernel meal 17,0 MJ/kg (0% water)

Palm oil 37,0 MJ/kg (0% water)

Rapeseed meal 18,7 MJ/kg (0% water)

Soybean oil 36,6 MJ/kg (0% water)

Sugar beet pulp 15,6 MJ/kg (0% water)

Sugar beet slops 15,6 MJ/kg (0% water)

Wheat straw 17,2 MJ/kg (0% water)

5. Transport 5.1 Transport efficiencies

Truck for dry product (Diesel) 0,94 MJ/ton,km

Truck for liquids (Diesel) 1,01 MJ/ton,km

Truck for FFB transport (Diesel) 2,01 MJ/ton,km

Tanker truck MB2218 for vinasse (Diesel) 2,16 MJ/ton,km

Tanker truck with water cannons for vinasse (Diesel) 0,94 MJ/ton,km

Dumpster truck MB2213 for filter mud (Diesel) 3,60 MJ/ton,km

Ocean bulk carrier (Fuel oil) 0,20 MJ/ton,km

Ship /product tanker 50kt (Fuel oil) 0,12 MJ/ton,km

Local (10 km) pipeline 0,00 MJ/ton,km

Rail (Electric, MV) 0,21 MJ/ton,km

5.2 Exhaust gas emissions from transport

Truck for dry product (Diesel) 0,005 g CH4/ton,km 0,0000 g N2O/ton,km

Truck for liquids (Diesel) 0,005 g CH4/ton,km 0,0000 g N2O /ton,km

Truck for FFB transport (Diesel) 0,005 g CH4/ton,km 0,0000 g N2O /ton,km

Tanker truck MB2218 for vinasse (Diesel) 0,000 g CH4/ton,km 0,0000 g N2O /ton,km

Tanker truck with water cannons for vinasse (Diesel) 0,000 g CH4/ton,km 0,0000 g N2O /ton,km

Dumpster truck MB2213 for filter mud (Diesel) 0,000 g CH4/ton,km 0,0000 g N2O /ton,km

Ocean bulk carrier (Fuel oil) 0,000 g CH4/ton,km 0,0007 g N2O /ton,km

Ship /product tanker 50kt (Fuel oil) 0,000 g CH4/ton,km 0,0000 g N2O /ton,km

Local (10 km) pipeline 0,000 g CH4/ton,km 0,0000 g N2O /ton,km

Rail (Electric, MV) 0,000 g CH4/ton,km 0,0000 g N2O /ton,km Source: BioGrace, 2010.



Appendix 3 Guidelines on performing life cycle assessments

This appendix outlines the guidelines for performing life cycle assessments (documenting R7 and R8). In addition, the principles embodied in Article 19 of the Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC) with the specific guidelines provided in Annex V and ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 must be observed. Production-specific data must always be used as regards the production of renewable fuel components. In the case of other parts of the life cycle, reference values may be used. Where relevant, reference values in accordance with Appendix 2 must be used and Excel spreadsheets from BioGrace.net may be used. The analysis must be performed by a competent and independent third party or by the applicant. If the applicant performs the analysis, the analysis then has to be verified by a competent and independent third party.

Reference is made to Appendix 2b to the background document, which contains a detailed example on how climate and energy accounts may be compiled in accordance with the guidelines on the performance of life cycle assessments (WTW Report 2C, 2007).

Guidelines on calculating emissions of greenhouse gases: The calculation method and reference values used must follow the principles provided in Article 19 of the Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC) and the specific guidelines provided in Annex V. Excel spreadsheets from biograce.net and reference values specified in Appendix 2 may be used. Production-specific data must always be used as regards the production of the renewable fuel components. The analysis must be performed either by a competent and independent third party or by the applicant. Documentation or a declaration must be submitted from an accredited body confirming that the analysis was conducted in accordance with the applicable principles as provided for in the Renewable Energy Directive.

Guidelines for calculating energy consumption: 1. Energy consumption associated with raw material production (including the

energy content of the raw material), production of the fuel and shipment must be included in the energy accounts. Production-specific data must always be used as regards the production of renewable fuel components. Reference values may be used for other parts of the life cycle. Energy consumption associated with the production of any chemical additives used must not be included in the calcula-tions. However, any process chemicals used must be included in the accounts. Production of by-products in a fuel production process shall allocating between the fuel (or its intermediate) and by-products occur in relation to their energy content. Energy consumption related to raw material production will not apply to residual products or waste for example animal raw materials, aquaculture, household refuse, sludge, animal faeces sewage, residual products from the production of corn or corn that cannot be used as human food or animal feed. If the production of fuel is allocated to a by-product in requirement 7 and 8 then the energy content of the raw material shall be indicated. Excel spreadsheets from biograce.net and reference values specified in Appendix 2 may be used. The latest version of JEC Well to Wheel may be used as a source of reference values. Other sources may be used subject to the approval of Nordic Ecolabelling.



2. The thermal values for various fuels and electricity factors that must be used are specified .in Appendix 2.

3. Where parts of the raw material are also used to cover the energy requirements of the process (e.g. the use of bagasse in ethanol production) this energy must be included in the accounts.

4. Energy consumption associated with the production of any chemical additives must not be included in the accounts.

5. Production of by-products in a fuel production process shall allocating between the fuel (or its intermediate) and by-products occur in relation to their energy content (lower calorific value of by-products other than electricity shall be used) and in accordance to the renewable Directive (Annex V, Section C, Section 17).

6. If the fuel for which a Nordic Ecolabel is sought is a blend of multiple fuel components, total energy consumption must be calculated for the renewable part and must lie within the threshold value.



Appendix 4 Guidelines governing the certification of biomass

Requirements applicable to standards Nordic Ecolabelling imposes requirements on standards for certifying forestry, soy and sugar cane production. These requirements are described below. Each individual national standard and each certification system will be reviewed by Nordic Ecolabelling to ensure that all requirements are met. When the standard is revised, it will be reviewed again.

Requirements applicable to standards

The standard must balance economic, ecological and social interests and comply with the UN’s Rio Declaration Agenda 21 and the Forestry Principles and respect relevant international conventions and agreements.

The standard must contain absolute requirements and must promote and contribute to sustainable forestry operations.

The standard must be open. It must be developed in an open process in which parties representing ecological, economic and social interests are invited to participate.

The requirements applicable to standards are formulated as process requirements, the point of departure being that if economic, social and environmental interests reach agreement in the process of developing a standard, then an acceptable level will be secured.

If a standard is developed or accepted by parties representing economic, ecological and social interests, then it is possible that the standard will maintain a satisfactory level of requirements. The requirement is therefore imposed that the standard must balance the three abovementioned interests and that all interest groupings must be invited to participate in the development of the standard.

The standard must contain absolute requirements and these must be fulfilled before the forestry or agricultural operation is certified. This will ensure that the forestry/agricultu-ral operation fulfils an acceptable level in terms of its environmental work. The require-ment that the standard must promote and contribute to sustainable forestry/ agricultural operations entails that the standard must be reviewed and revised on a regular basis to ensure that the process is developed and environmental impact is reduced progressively.

Requirements applicable to certification systems

The certification system must be open, must enjoy broad national or international credibility and must capable of verifying that the requirements of the standard have been fulfilled.



Requirements applicable to certification bodies

The certification body must be impartial and credible and capable of verifying that the requirements of the standard have been fulfilled. The certification body must also be capable of communicating and implementing the standard efficiently.

The purpose of certification is to function as a quality assurance measure to ensure that the standard is met. Nordic Ecolabelling has neither the expertise nor the resources to check forestry or agricultural management or to verify a standard. For this reason, Nordic Ecolabelling has opted to require independent third party certification.

The certification system must be suited to verifying that the requirements of the standard are fulfilled. The method used for certification must be repeatable and applicable to forestry and agriculture and certification must proceed in accordance with a specific standard. Before a certificate is issued, checks of the standard must be conducted in the forest/cultivated area in question.*

Documentation:

Copy of the standard, the name, address and telephone number of the organisation that drafted the standard, and the final report of the certification body.

References must be provided to persons representing parties and interest groupings that have been invited to participate in the development of the standard.

Nordic Ecolabelling reserves the right to require further documentation to be submitted with a view to assessing whether the requirements applicable to the standard and the certification system have been met.



Appendix 5 Requirements applicable to test /analysis laboratories

Sampling must be conducted in a qualified manner. The test/analysis laboratory must be impartial and competent. Raw data must be available for verification by the ecolabelling organisation during the period of validity of the licence.

The test/analysis laboratory must fulfil the general requirements provided for in the standard EN 45001/DS/EN/ISO/IEC 17025 or have official GLP approval. The applicant is liable for the cost of documentation and analysis.

The producer’s test/analysis laboratory may be approved to perform analyses and tests provided that the authorities monitor the procedures used for sampling and analysis or if the producer has a quality system encompassing sampling and analysis and certified to ISO9001 or ISO9002.



Appendix 6 Forms A to H

A Declaration that the requirements of the authorities have been fulfilled (R1) B Documentation of ingoing and outgoing material flows (R3 and R4) C Documentation of energy consumed in the production

of the fuel (R5) D Documentation of transport of raw materials/semi- manufactures (R6) E Declaration on compliance with the guidelines for performing life cycle analyses (R7 and R8) F Declaration that no raw materials derive from tar sand, shale oil,

shale gas or coal in accordance with the requirement (R9) G Documentation of vegetable raw materials (R10 and R11) H Declaration that raw materials do not come from plants that have

been genetically modified to be pest or pesticides resistant (R12)



Form A Declaration that the requirements of the authorities have been fulfilled (R1)

It is hereby confirmed that the applicable provisions from the Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC) and the Fuel Quality Directive (2009/30/EC) are followed at all production sites in all stages of production involved in producing the Nordic Ecolabelled fuel. Biogas for heating and industrial use comply with the Article 17, 18 and 19 in Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC) and Article 7d in the Fuel Quality Directive (2009/30/EC).

The applicable provisions of the environmental legislation, safety, working environment, and plant-specific conditions/licences and the Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) are followed at all production sites in all stages of production involved in producing the Nordic Ecolabelled fuel/biogas for heating/industrial use.

Name of the regulatory authority responsible for following up the applicant’s production:

_________________________________________________________________________________

Date and place

Company

Contact person/block capitals

Telephone No.

Signature

E-mail



Form B Documentation of ingoing and outgoing material flows (R3 and R4)

In the following, the applicant must provide an account of the materials (raw materials, chemical additives and process chemicals) used in the production of the fuel or the biogas for heating/industrial use (the conversion of raw materials to fuel) and the products that are formed (including bioproducts). The report can be done once a year and it is only those matters that are relevant for fuel or biogas production that are required to be reported.

Documentation of ingoing and outgoing material flows:

Complete formula for the fuel or the biogas for heating/industrial use for which a Nordic Ecolabel is applied.

Basis for invoicing or equivalent documentation confirming the stated figures.

All quantities stated in the tables below must refer to the following unit (MJ): ________

Raw materials:

Energy raw material Supplier Quantity (MJ)

Process chemicals:

Chemical Supplier Quantity (MJ)



Chemical additives:

Chemical Supplier Quantity (MJ)

Products:

Products and by-products

Purchaser/recipient Quantity (MJ)

Date and place

Company


Telephone No.

Signature

E-mail



Form C Documentation of energy consumed in the production of the fuel (R5)

In the following, the fuel producer must account for the energy sources and quantities of energy used in production of the fuel (conversion from raw material to fuel).

The form must be attached.

Basis for invoicing or equivalent documentation confirming the stated figures.

All energy consumption stated in the tables below must refer to the following unit (MJ):

_________________________________

Energy source Thermal value/ electricity factor

(transfer from Appendix 2)

Quantity consumed (MJ)

Energy consumption

(MJ, column 2 multiplied by column 3)

Date and place

Company


Telephone No.

Signature

E-mail



Form D Documentation of transport of raw materials/semi manufactures (R6)

In the following, the fuel producer must account for all the transport stages in the product chain.

Product From To Km Means of transport

Date and place

Company


Telephone No.

Signature

E-mail



Form E Declaration on compliance with the guidelines for performing life cycle assessment (R7 and R8)

Product undergoing analysis: ______________________________________________

The undersigned hereby certifies that the guidelines in Appendix 2 and 3 and the principles of ISO 14040 and 14044 have been followed in the calculation of emissions of greenhouse gases and energy consumption.

The declaration must be signed both by the applicant and by the outside third party that was responsible for the life cycle assessment.

To be completed by the applicant’s contact person:

Date and place

Company


Telephone No.

Signature

E-mail

To be completed by the outside third party responsible for the life cycle assessment:

Date and place

Company


Telephone No.

Signature

E-mail



Form F Declaration that no raw materials derive from tar sand, shale oil, shale gas or coal in accordance with the requirement (R9)

It is hereby certified that raw materials are specified in requirement R9 (unconventional fossil raw materials) are not present in the Nordic Ecolabelled fuel.

The declaration shall be signed both by the applicant and by the producer/refiner/ supplier of the fossil portion of the fuel.


Date and place

Company


Telephone No.

Signature

E-mail

To be completed by the producer/refiner/supplier of the fossil raw material:

Date and place

Company


Telephone No.

Signature

E-mail



Form G Documentation of vegetable raw materials (R10 and R11)

Producer:

Raw material:

For documenting wood raw materials, palm oil, sugar cane and soy the form must be attached:

Copy of certificate

Proportion (%) of certified biomass in the raw material

If several products are purchased from the same supplier, the following table may be used:

Supplier Product Geographical origin

Standard for certification

Proportion (%) certified biomass raw material

Date and place

Company


Telephone No.

Signature

E-mail



Form H Declaration that raw materials do not come from plants that have been genetically modified to be pest or pesticides resistant (R12)

It is hereby confirmed that renewable raw materials stated in Form E (vegetable raw materials) or other renewable raw materials that may be present in the Nordic Ecolabelled fuel do not come from plants that have been genetically modified to be pest or pesticides resistant.

The declaration shall be signed both by the applicant and producer/supplier of raw material.


Date and place

Company


Telephone No.

Signature

E-mail

To be completed by the producer/supplier of the raw material:

Date and place

Company


Telephone No.

Signature

E-mail

Documents

Nordic Ecolabelling of Fuel and biogas for heating and ... · Nordic Ecolabelling of Fuel and biogas for heating and industrial use 3 (19) Addresses In 1989, the Nordic Council of