North Carolina Department of Transportation

Erosion and Sediment Control Design and Construction Manual

NCDOT North Carolina Department of Transportation

Roadside Environmental Unit

1557 Mail Service Center

Raleigh, NC 27699-1557

919.707.2920

Designed & Developed by:

URS Corporation – North Carolina 1600 Perimeter Park Drive, Suite 400

Morrisville, NC 27560

919.461.1100

2014 Edition

Section i | Table of Contents i

E&SC Manual January 2015

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction Managing E&SC on NCDOT Projects ............................................................................... 1-1 How to Use This Manual .................................................................................................. 1-1 An Overview of the Keys to E&SC Planning and Design ................................................ 1-3 Unique Elements of Managing E&SC on Linear Projects ............................................... 1-4 Regulatory Considerations .............................................................................................. 1-5 Threatened and Endangered (T&E) Species Regulations ............................................ 1-14

Chapter 2 E&SC Planning Data Collection and Preliminary Analysis ....................................................................... 2-1 E&SC Plan Strategy ......................................................................................................... 2-3 Water Quality Classifications .......................................................................................... 2-3 HQW and ESAs ................................................................................................................ 2-5 303(d) Listed Waters ...................................................................................................... 2-5 Critical Areas.................................................................................................................... 2-6 Riparian Buffers .............................................................................................................. 2-6 Rainfall Data References ................................................................................................ 2-6 Ten Key Concepts to Effective E&SC Design ................................................................. 2-6 Managing Turbidity ........................................................................................................ 2-10 NCDOT Watershed-Related Special Provisions .............................................................2-11 Falls Lake Watershed ......................................................................................................2-11 Jordan Lake Watershed ................................................................................................. 2-12 The Central Coastal Plain Capacity Use Area (CCPCUA) .............................................. 2-12 Other E&SC Planning Considerations ........................................................................... 2-13 Trout Waters .................................................................................................................. 2-13 Post-Construction BMPs ................................................................................................ 2-16 NCDOT Division-Specific E&SC Preferences ................................................................. 2-18 Low Impact Development (LID) and Green Infrastructure (GI) Considerations ........ 2-19

Chapter 3 Developing the E&SC Plan

Contracted Projects Section 3.1 Bid-Build (BB) Projects .............................................................................. 3-1

BB Work Flow for E&SC Plans ................................................................. 3-3 During Construction ................................................................................. 3-7 Intermediate Phase Design ..................................................................... 3-7 Final Grade Phase Design......................................................................... 3-9 Ground Cover Stabilization Requirements ............................................ 3-11 Reclamation Plans for any Off-Site Borrow or Waste Pits .................... 3-11 Special Provisions .................................................................................... 3-12 Detail Sheets and Notes ......................................................................... 3-12 Title Sheet ................................................................................................ 3-12 Additional Plan Requirements ................................................................ 3-12 Administrative Requirements ................................................................ 3-13

Section i | Table of Contents ii

E&SC Manual January 2015

Table of Contents, cont.

Section 3.2 Design Build Projects .............................................................................. 3-15 DB Work Flow for E&SC Plans ................................................................ 3-17 Vegetation Management Procedure ..................................................... 3-18 C&G Phase Design .................................................................................. 3-20 During Construction ............................................................................... 3-24 Intermediate Phase Design ................................................................... 3-26 Ground Cover Stabilization Requirements ........................................... 3-29 Additional Stabilization Requirements ................................................. 3-30 Reclamation Plans for any Off-site Borrow or Waste Pits ................... 3-32 NCDOT Special Provisions...................................................................... 3-32 Detail Sheets and Notes ........................................................................ 3-33 Title Sheet ............................................................................................... 3-33 Additional Plan Requirements ............................................................... 3-33 Administrative Requirements ............................................................... 3-34 Section 3.3 Low Impact Bridge Projects .................................................................. 3-35

Low Impact Bridge Work Flow for E&SC Plans .................................... 3-37 During Construction ................................................................................ 3-41 Ground Cover Stabilization Requirements ........................................... 3-43 Detail Sheets and Notes ........................................................................ 3-44 Title Sheet ............................................................................................... 3-44 Additional Plan Requirements ............................................................... 3-45 Administrative Requirements ............................................................... 3-45

State Forces Projects

Section 3.4 Operations Projects ............................................................................... 3-47 Operations Projects Work Flow for E&SC Plans ................................... 3-49 Phasing ................................................................................................... 3-49 Phases of E&SC Design for Operations Projects .................................. 3-50 During Construction ............................................................................... 3-58 Intermediate Phase Design ................................................................... 3-58 Final Grade Phase ................................................................................... 3-58 Ground Cover Stabilization Requirements ........................................... 3-60 Additional Stabilization Requirements .................................................. 3-61 Reclamation Plans for any Off-site Borrow or Waste Pits .................... 3-61 Detail Sheets and Notes ......................................................................... 3-61 Title Sheet ................................................................................................ 3-61 Section 3.5 Bridge Management Construction Projects ......................................... 3-63 Bridge Management Construction Operations Work Flow for E&SC Plans ................................................................................. 3-65 Phasing ................................................................................................... 3-65 Phases of E&SC Design for Bridge Management Projects .................. 3-66 During Construction ............................................................................... 3-73 Intermediate Phase Design ................................................................... 3-73 Final Grade Phase ................................................................................... 3-75

Section i | Table of Contents iii

E&SC Manual January 2015

Table of Contents, cont.

Ground Cover Stabilization Requirements ........................................... 3-76 Additional Stabilization Requirements ................................................. 3-76

Reclamation Plans for any Off-site Borrow or Waste Pits ................... 3-76 Detail Sheets and Notes ........................................................................ 3-77 Title Sheet ............................................................................................... 3-77 Section 3.6 NonLinear Projects................................................................................. 3-79 Section 3.7 Reclamation Plans .................................................................................. 3-83 Applicability ............................................................................................ 3-83 Reclamation Procedures ....................................................................... 3-84 Checklist Overview ................................................................................. 3-85 Initial Reclamation Plan Considerations ............................................... 3-85 Environmental Evaluations .................................................................... 3-85 E&SC for Reclamation Plans .................................................................. 3-87 Plan Implementation During Construction ........................................... 3-88 Final Inspection ...................................................................................... 3-90 Observation Period ................................................................................ 3-90 Section 3.8 Construction Site Pollutants ................................................................... 3-91

Chapter 4 E&SC BMPs

Section 4.1 BMP Symbology ........................................................................................ 4-1 Section 4.2 Site Preparations ...................................................................................... 4-5

4.2.1 Gravel Construction Entrance ................................................. 4-6 4.2.2 Safety Fence & Jurisdictional Flagging .................................. 4-11

Section 4.3 Perimeter Areas and Runoff Conveyance............................................. 4-19 4.3.1 Temporary Silt Fence ............................................................. 4-20 4.3.2 Temporary Diversion ............................................................. 4-27 4.3.3 Temporary Silt Ditch ............................................................... 4-31 4.3.4 Silt Fence Break ...................................................................... 4-35 4.3.5 Temporary Earth Berm .......................................................... 4-45

Section 4.4 Slope Protection .................................................................................... 4-49 4.4.1 Temporary Slope Drain .......................................................... 4-50 4.4.2 Special Sediment Control Fence ........................................... 4-55 4.4.3 Rolled Erosion Control Products ........................................... 4-59 4.4.4 Wattle Barrier ......................................................................... 4-65

Section 4.5 Runoff Conveyance Management......…………………………………4-71 4.5.1 Wattles ................................................................................... 4-72 4.5.2 Temporary Rock Silt Check, Type A………………………...4-79 4.5.3 Temporary Rock Silt Check, Type A

with Excelsior Matting and Flocculant ................................. 4-84 4.5.4 Temporary Rock Silt Check, Type B ...................................... 4-89 4.5.5 Clean Water Diversion ........................................................... 4-93

Section 4.6 Drainage System Protection .................................................................. 4-99 4.6.1 Rock Inlet Sediment Trap, Types A, B, and C...................... 4-100

Section i | Table of Contents iv

E&SC Manual January 2015

Table of Contents, cont.

4.6.2 Rock Pipe Inlet Sediment Trap, Types A and B .................... 4-111 Section 4.7 Sediment Containment ......................................................................... 4-118

4.7.1 Riser Basin ............................................................................. 4-119 4.7.2 Silt Basin Type B .................................................................... 4-125 4.7.3 Skimmer Basin.......................................................................4-130 4.7.4 Tiered Skimmer Basin ...........................................................4-138 4.7.5 Infiltration Basin with Baffles .............................................. 4-146 4.7.6 Temporary Rock Sediment Dam, Types A ........................... 4-154 4.4.7 Temporary Rock Sediment Dam, Type B .............................4-159 4.7.8 Coir Fiber Baffle ................................................................... 4-164 4.7.9 Earthen Dam with Skimmer ................................................. 4-170 4.7.10 Stormwater Basin with Skimmer ......................................... 4-178

Section 4.8 Managing the Watercourse ................................................................. 4-185 4.8.1 Temporary Stream Crossing ................................................ 4-186 4.8.2 Impervious Dikes .................................................................. 4-191 4.8.3 Stilling Basin .......................................................................... 4-197 4.8.4 Special Stilling Basin ............................................................ 4-202

Section 4.9 Soil Stabilization ................................................................................... 4-208 4.9.1 Temporary Seeding ............................................................. 4-209 4.9.2 Temporary Mulching ............................................................ 4-214 4.9.3 Seeding and Mulching .......................................................... 4-218

Chapter 5 E&SC Training and Certification E&SC / Stormwater Certification Program (E&SC/SW) .................................................. 5-1 Levels I, II and III Certification ......................................................................................... 5-1 EnviroCert International, Inc. Certification Programs .................................................. 5-3 Certified Professional in Erosion and Sediment Control (CPESC) ................................ 5-4 NCDOT Erosion Control and Stormwater Certification Provision ................................ 5-4 Recertification ................................................................................................................. 5-5 Other Training ................................................................................................................. 5-5