NORTH MAHARASHTRA UNIVERSITY, JALGAON NEW …

North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon M.A./M.Sc. Geography Syllabi with effect from June 2013

SEMESTER FIRST

Gg. 101: Principles of Economic Geography

Gg. 102: Principles of Population and Settlement Geography

Gg. 103: Principles of Climatology

Gg 104: Principles of Geomorphology

Gg. 105: Practical: Computerise Data Analysis Techniques in

Human Geography

SEMESTER: SECOND

Gg. 201 : Geographical Thoughts

Gg. 202 : Social and Cultural Geography

Gg. 203: (A) Remote Sensing OR (B) Geoinformatics I

Gg. 204: Geo-Statistical Methods

Gg. 205: Practical—Cartographic Techniques With the help of GIS

& Excursion Report

NORTH MAHARASHTRA UNIVERSITY, JALGAON

NEW SYLLABI OF

M.A./M.Sc. GEOGRAPHY

W.E.F.JUNE 2013


New Syllabus of M.A./M. Sc. Geography

SEMISTER – I & II

(With effect from June 2013)

OBJECTIVES

Geography is interdisciplinary subject having the constant status in all disciplines and

faculties. This subject is learn not only in science, commerce and arts faculties but also

engineering, IT, Survey of India, Tourist Industries, Military etc. In recent and advanced days

traditional courses of geography could not provide the job opportunities to geography

students. Considering this back ground scenario, we the senior staff members and BOS of

NMU have decided to introduce the courses having impression in the job market.

To introduce P.G. courses following objectives are taken in to consideration:

1) Gg. 101: Principles of Economic Geography:

2) Gg. 102: Principles Of Population And Settlement Geography:

3) Gg. 103: Principles Of Climatology

4) Gg. 104 : Principles Of Geomorphology

Economic, Population, Climatology and Geomorphology are the main

branches of geography. The main objective of these courses is that students should

acquaint with the basic knowledge of these courses. It is learn that in the NET/SET,

MPSC and other competitive examinations, most of the questions are related to above

courses. Therefore, senior PG teachers and BOS members of NMU have decided to

introduce basic principles of above courses.

5) Gg. 105: Practical Of Computerize Data Analysis Techniques In Human Geography:

In the subject of geography there are number of quantitative and statistical techniques.

Prior to 2005, all these practicals were done manually.

• The main objective of this practical course is that students should learn the

Data Base Management System.

• To increase the efficiency and accuracy by reduce the time.

• To get job opportunities in statistical departments and companies.

1) Gg. 201 : Geographical Thoughts

2) Gg. 202 : Social and Cultural Geography

3) Gg. 203: (A) Remote Sensing OR (B) Geoinformatics I

4) Gg. 204: Geo-Statistical Methods


5) Gg. 205: Practical—Cartographic Techniques With the help of GIS & Excursion

Report:

In second semester students become ready to face competitive examinations.

Considering the knowledge level of students teachers should feed them with advance

techniques such as Remote Sensing, Geoinformatics and Geo-statistical methods.

Geographical Thoughts and Social and Cultural Geography, these courses have given

more importance in the examination of NET/SET and MPSC. Because of these

courses the proportion NET/SET qualified students will be increased. In the second

semester, we the BOS members have modified old the structure of course by

considering the demand requirements from different IT companies.

This practical course is very useful for the researcher in geography subject.

GIS knowledge is the prime demand of advance and challenges. Considering this

background, we are introducing real application of GIS and Remote Sensing

techniques in the syllabi of Post Graduate.

Submitted by

Dr.M.B.Chavan

Professor of Geography,

Chairman of BOS (Geography)

Coordinator of IQAC, Pratap College, Amalner



SEMISTER - I

Gg. 101 : PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY (With effect from June 2013)

Unit

No

Unit Sub Unit Periods

1 Introduction to

Economic Geography

A) Definition, Nature and Scope of Economic

Geography B) Approaches to Economic Geography

C) Recent trends in Economic Geography

6

2 Basic Economic

Processes

A) Production.

B) Exchange C) Consumption

6

3 Location Theories A) Von Thunen’s theory of Agricultural Location B) Weber’s theory of Industrial Location

C) Tord Palander’s theory of Industrial Location

6

4 Models of Economic

Development

A) Rostow’s Model

B) Myrdal’s Model

C) Friedmann’s Core Periphery Model

8

5 . Economic

Environment and

Economic Development

in the World

A) Measurement of Economic Development:

a) Economic Measures of Development

b) Social Measures of Development

c) Demographic Measures of Development

d) Other Measures of Economic Development

B) Problems of Economic Development

C) Patterns of Economic Development in the

World:

a) Technically advanced Countries

b) Technically less advanced Countries

D) Economic Development in India- Regional

Disparity.

10

6 Factors of Production

and Related Aspects

A) Land

B) Labour

C) Capital D) Technical Knowledge in different economic

activities. E) Spatial variation in their costs.

6

7 Economies of Scale A) Agglomeration and Growth Poles B) External and Internal Economies of Scale

6

8 Transportation and

Communication

A) Various types of Transportation and their

merits and demerits

B) Variation in cost of Transportation.

C) Telecommunication, Development of

Telecommunication Network

6

9 International Trade A) Spatial and Temporal aspects.

B) Factors Promoting International Trade

C) Structure, Problems and Prospects of

International Trade.

6


Weightage : Equal Marks to all Topics

Books :-

1. Hart Shorne, T. A. and J. W. Alexander (1988):“Economic Geography”, Prentic Hall.

2. Janaki, V. A. (1985): “Economic Geography”, Concept Publishing Co.

3. Lloyd, P. and P. Dicken (1972): “Location in space and Theoretical Approach to Economic

Geography”, Harper and Row, New York.

4. Mc.Carty,H.H. and J. B. Lindberg (1966): “A Preface to Economic Geography”,

Englewood Cliffs, N. J. Prentice.

5.Thomon, Conkling and Yeats(1974):“Geography of Economic Activity”, Mc.Graw Hill,

New York.

6. Knox P. and J. Agnew (1998): “The Geography of the World Economy”. Arnold, London

7. Hanink, D. M. (1997): “Principles and Applications of Economic Geography, Economy,

Policy, Environment,” John Wiley and Sons, New York.

8. Goh Cheng Leong, Gillian C.Moran(1975): “Human and Economic Geography” Oxford

Uni.Press, Honk Kong Second edition.

9. K.Siddhartha,(2006): “Economic Geography: Theories, Process and Patterns”, Kisalaya

Publications Pvt.Ltd, Delhi.

M.A. /M. Sc. Geography

SEMISTER - I

Gg. 102: PRINCIPLES OF POPULATION AND SETTLEMENT

GEOGRAPHY

(With effect from June -2013)

A) Principles of Population Geography

Sr Unit Sub Unit Periods

1 Nature and Scope of

Population Geography

I) a) Review of definitions

b) Scope of the study

c) Nature of the study

d) Evolution of Population Geography

e) Significance of the study of Population

Geography

II) Approaches to the Population Geography

06


I) Introduction to human rights

2 Sources of Population

Data and History of

World Population

I) Various Sources:

(a) The Census: Nature, Characteristics,

Merits, and Demerits

(b) Registration and other Population Data

Sources.

II) History of World Population Growth:

(a) Population of the Ancient World

(b) Trends of Population Growth: Ancient to

modern times:

i) Growth of Population prior to the

period of Agricultural Revolution.

ii) Growth of Population between the

period of Agricultural Revolution and

Industrial Revolution

iii) Growth of Population after the period

of Industrial Revolution.

Reasons for the Growth of Population in

the above Different Periods.

08

3 Concepts Related to

Population

Concepts, Types, Definition, Characteristics

and Influencing Factors:

(a) Density.

(b) Over, Optimum and Under Population.

(c) Fertility and Mortality.

(d) Natural and Temporal Growth Rates.

(e) Population Projections

(f) Decreasing Sex Ratio in India and

Maharashtra.

(g) Social violence due to decreasing sex

ratio in India

08

4 Theories of Population (a) Demographic Transaction Model.

(b) Thomas Robert Malthu’s Theory.

(c) Karl Marx’s Theory.

05

5 . Population Movement

and Migration

(a) Definition of Mobility and Migration (b) Types of Migration

(c) Causes and Consequences.

06

6 Principles of Settlement

Geography

I) Nature and Scope of Settlement Geography.

a) Definition of Rural and Urban

Settlements.

b) Defining Characteristics of Rural and

Urban Settlements according to Indian

06


Census.

c) Nature of the Study.

d) Scope of the Study.

e) Evolution of Settlement Geography.

II) Approaches to the Settlement Geography 7 Settlement types and

Patterns.

I) Factors affecting Settlement types and

Patterns.

II) Settlement types:

(a) According to Size of Population: Rural &

Urban Settlements.

(b) Rural Settlement Types According to:

i) Site and Situation.

ii) Function.

iii) Spacing: Dispersed, Semi Dispersed,

Compact, Semi Compact.

(c) Factors leading to dispersion and

nucleation of Rural Settlements.

(d) Various patters of settlement.

08

8 Urban Settlements (a) Process of Urbanization.

(b) Types of Urban Settlements According to Site

and Situation, Functions.

(c) Hinter Lands and Urban Fields

05

9 Concepts and Theories

related to Settlement

Geography

I) Concepts:

(a) Nodality

(b) Centrality

(c) Hierarchy

(d) Rank Size Rule

(e) Range and threshold

(f) Rural Service Center

(g) Rurban Center

II) Theories:

(a) W.Christaller’s Central Place Theory

(b) Gravity Model

(c) Ullman’s Model

08

Weightage of Marks

Topic Periods Marks

1 06 10

2 08 10

3 08 10

4 07 10

5 06 10

6 06 10

7 06 10

8 06 10

9 08 10


Total 60 External=80

Internal=20

Reference Books:-

1. Gornior B. J.(1966): “Geography of Population”, Longman Group Ltd., London.

2. Chandana R.C.(1986): “A Geography of Population, Concepts Determinations and

Patterns”, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.

3. Clarke, J. I.(1972): “Population Geography”, (Second edition) Pergamon Press

Ltd., Oretord.

4. M.G.Bradford and W.A.: “Human Geography: Theories and Their Applications”, Oxford

University Press.

5. L.S.Bolurne R. Sinclais(1984): “Urbanization and Settlement Systems International

Perspectives”, Oxford University Press.

6. F.S.Hudson (1977): “Geography of Rural Settlement”, Mac Donold and Evans

7. R.B.Mandal (1979):“Introduction to Rural Settlement”, Concept Publishing Company,

New Delhi.

8. R.P.Mishra, K.V.Sundaram, Sudesh Nagia: “Population Geography”, Heritage Publishing,

New Delhi.

9.Charles Whynne Hammnond (1979): “Elements of Human Geography” George Allen and

Unwin, London .

10. H. Robinson (1976) : ”Human Geography”, Mac.Donold and Evans

11. Hornby, Jones (1983) : ”An Introduction to Population Geography”, Cambridge

University Press, Cambridge

12. Huntington, Shaw (1970):“Principles of Human Geography, John Wiley & Sons, INC,

New York

13. Clarke, J. I. (1977): “Population Geography and Developing Countries”,Robert

Maxwell, M C.

14. Majid Hussain (1999) : “Human Geography”, Rawat Publications Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi

15. Paul L. Knox and Sallie A. Marston (1999) : “Human Geography - Places and Regions in

Global Context”, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey

16. Chandana, R. C. and Janjit, S. S. (1980) : “Introduction to Population Geography”,

Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi

17. Tripathi, R. K. (2000) : “Population Geography”, Commonwealth Publishers, New Delhi

18. Dubey, R. M. (1981) : “Population Dynamics in India”, Chugh and Publications,

Allahabad

19. Sawant,S.B. and Athavale,A.S.(1994):“Population Geography”, Mehta Publishing House,

Pune


M.A. / M. Sc. Geography SEMISTER - I

Gg. 103: PRINCIPLES OF CLIMATOLOGY

(With effect from June 2013) .Unit No


1 Introduction to

Climatology

(a) Definition of Weather and Climate, Role of Climate in Human life, Elements of weather

(b) Definition, Nature and Scope of Climatology (c) Aims and objectives

(d) Sub-divisions: (i) Physical Climatology (ii) Regional Climatology

(iii) Applied Climatology (e) Development of modern Climatology- current

views and role of satellite in the study

6

Atmosphere (a) Origin

(b) Composition: gases, water vapor and dust

particles

(c) Structure :

(i) On the basis of chemical composition –

homosphere and hetrosphere

(ii) On the basis of changes in physical

properties - troposphere, stratosphere,

mesosphere, ionosphere and exosphere

6

Insolation and Heat

Budget

(a) Meaning and definition -

(i) Insolation

(ii) Solar constant

(iii) Albedo of the earth

(b) Factors affecting the distribution of insolation

(c) Effects of atmosphere

(i) Scattering (ii) Diffusion

(iii) Reflecting (iv) Absorption

(d) Heat budget of the earth and atmosphere

8

Temperature (a) Heating and Cooling of Atmosphere -

(i) Conduction (ii) Radiation

(iii) Convection (b) Factors affecting the distribution of

temperature

(c) Horizontal and vertical distribution

(d) Inversion of Temperature:

(i) Ground surface inversion

(ii) Upper air inversion

(iii) Frontal inversion

8

Atmospheric pressure

and winds

(a) Formation of pressure belts

(b) Shifting of pressure belts and their effects

(c) Pressure gradient force, Coriolis force, 8


geostrophic winds

(d) General circulation of atmosphere

(i) Planetary winds

(ii) Local winds

(iii) Seasonal winds - monsoons

Humidity and

precipitation

(a) Humidity measurements (types) (b) Process of evaporation, conduction and

precipitation (c) Forms of precipitation - mist, fog, rain, snow,

hail, sleet etc.

(d) Types of rainfall - convectional, orographic

and cyclonic

(e) Stability of instability of atmosphere

10

Airmasses and Fronts (a) Definition, source regions and classification of

airmasses

(b) Modifications - mechanical and

thermodynamic

(c) Characteristics and types of fronts

Atmospheric

Disturbances

(a) Cyclones and anticyclones (Tropical and

Temperate)

(b) Thunderstorms - origin and structure

(c) Water spots

(d) Jet streams

8

Climatic Classification (a) Koppen’s classification - basis, types, merits

and demerits

(b) Thornwaite’s classification - basis, types,

merits and demerit

6

Total Periods: 60

.Weightage : Equal Marks to all Topics

Books: 1. Trewartha, G. T. : An Introduction to Weather and Climate

2. Critchfield, H. J. : General Climatology

3. Lal, D. S. (1985) : Climatology, Chaitaya, Allahabad

4. Lutgents, F. K. and , E. J. (1986) : The Atmospher : An Introduction to Meteorology,

Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs.

5. Das, P. K. : Monsoon

6. Masjid Hussain : Climatology

7. Savindra singh : Physical Geography

8. Strahler, A. N. (1965) : Introduction to Physical Geography, Wlley, New York.

9. Barry, R. G. and Chorley, R. J. : Atmopsher, Weather and Climate

10. Keith Smith : Applied Climatology

11. K. Siddhartha (2001) : Atmosphere, Weather and Climate, Kisalaya Publications Pvt.

Ltd., New Delhi.


M.A./M. Sc. Geography

SEMISTER - I

Gg. 104 : PRINCIPLES OF GEOMORPHOLOGY (With effect from June 2013)

Introduction A) Nature, Scope and Significance of Geomorphology

B) Fundamental Concepts a) Uniformitarianism

b) Geological Time Scale

c) Morphogenetic Regions

06

Origin and Evolution

of Earth’s Primary

Relief

A) Continental Drift Theory

a) Basic Assumptions

b) Theory

c) Supporting Evidences

d) Criticism

B) Palaeomagnetism

C) Sea Floor Spreading Theory:

a) Basic Concepts

b) Theory

c) Supporting Evidences

D) Plate Tectonic Theory:

a) Basic Concepts:

i) Lithosphere ii) Asthenosphere

b) Lithospheric Plates and Boundaries c) Global System of Lithospheric Plates

d) Effects of Plate Movements: i) Subduction Tectonics

ii) Orogens and Collisions iii) Continental Rupture and New Ocean

Basins

e) Causes of Plate Motion

08

Exogenous Processes A) Weathering:

a) Definition,

b) Factors

c) Types

d) Products

B) Mass Wasting:

a) Definition,

b) Factors

c) Types

d) Examples

06

Slopes A) Elements of slopes:

a) Convex Slope

b) Free Face Slope

c) Constant or Talus Slope

d) Concave Slope

B) Development of Slope Profile: a) W. Penck’s views

06


b) Alen Wood’s views

Davisian Cylcle of

Erosion

A) Basic Assumptions B) Theory

C) Concepts D) Criticism

E) Interruption of Cycle of Erosion

06

Fluvial Landforms A) Characteristics of Rivers

B) Fluvial Erosion: a) Process of Erosion

b) Features of Erosion C) Transportation by Rivers

D) Deposition by Rivers:

a) Process by Deposition

b) Features of Deposition

06

Karst Landforms A) Factors Favouring Karst Development

B) Karst Erosion:

a) Process of Erosion

b) Features of Erosion

C) Karst Deposion:

a) Process by Deposition

b) Features of Deposition

08

Glacial Landforms A) Introduction:

a) Definition

b) Occurrence of Glaciers

c) types

B) Glacial Erosion:

a) Process of Erosion

b) Features of Erosion

C) Glacial Deposition:

a) Process by Deposition b) Features of Deposition

08

Aeolian Landforms A) Wind Erosion: a) Process of Erosion

b) Features of Erosion B) Wind Deposition:

a) Process by Deposition b) Features of Deposition

06

Total Periods: 60

Weightage : Equal Marks to all Topics

Books: 1. Thornbury, W.D. (1960) Principles of Geomorphology”, John Wiley and Sons, NewYork

2. Chorley R.J , Schumm, S.A. and Sugden D.E. (1984): Geomorphology, Methuen, London.

3. Kale V.S and Gupta, A (2001): Introduction to Geomorphology, Orient Longman Calcutta.

4. Savindra Singh (2002): Geomorphology, Prayag Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad.

5. Spark B.W. (1972) Geomorphology, Longman, NewYork.

6. Steers A. ( 1958) The Unstable Earth, Methuen, London.

7. Ollier, C.D. (1981) Tectonics and Landforms, Longman,London.


8. Strahler A.H. and Strahler, A.N. ( 1998) Introducing Physical Geography, John Wiley and

Sons, Inc. New York.

9. Wooldridge and Morgan: Geomorphology, Longman,New York.

10. Holmes; Physical geology,

11. Fairbridge, R.W. (1968) Encyclopedia of Geomorphology, Reinholdts, New York.

12. K. Siddhartha (2001): The Earth’s Dynamic Surface, Kisalaya Publications Pvt. Ltd.

E mail: [email protected]

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


SEMISTER - I

Gg. 105:PRACTICAL OF COMPUTERIZE DATA ANALYSIS

TECHNIQUES IN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY


Unit

No


1

Introduction to Microsoft

Excel work sheet and

Presentation Techniques

A) Microsoft Excel:

(a) Worksheets Workbooks & Worksheets.

(b) Data Analysis tools and Techniques:

i) Advanced Filter Command,

ii) IF Condition Command

iii) Conditional Formatting

vi) By default Insert Function

(c) Development of Syntax on Formula Bar:

i) Mathematical and Statistical Operators

ii) Application of Operators in formula

development

(d) Data Presentation Techniques

B) Presentation Techniques:

(a) Introduction to M.S. Power Point

(b) Preparation of Slides (c) Maps and Graphs import techniques

for slide show

06

2

Data Analysis Techniques

in Population Geography

A) Density:

a) Arithmetic Density of Population b) Economic Density of Population

c) Nutritional Density of Population d) Agricultural Density of Population

e) Critical Density of Population

B) Measures:

a) Fertility Rates

b) Birth Rates: Crude & Age Specific

15


c) Mortality Rate

d) Child-Women Ratio

C) Sex Ratio: Sex Ratio of all groups of

Population

D) Population Change: Annual or Decadal

E) Dependency Ratio

F) Religious Composition

3 Data Analysis Techniques

in Rural Settlement

Geography

A) Dispersion of Rural Settlements:

a) Bernhard’s method

b) Demangeon method

c) Debouvrie’s method

B) Classification of Villages according to

size of Population

C) Growth Rate of Rural Population

06


in Urban Geography

A) Growth of Urban Population

B) Degree of Urbanization

C) Functional Classification of Towns by

Thompson

D) Centrality Index by Christaller

E) Location Quotient

08


in Agricultural Geography

A) Proportion of Cropped Land

B) Crop Concentration by Bhatia

C) Crop Diversification by Bhatia

D) Crop Combination by Weaver’s & Dois

Methods.

08


in Climatology

A) Intensity of Rainfall

B) Presentation of Rainfall and Temperature

Data

C) Windrose

03

7 Statistical Techniques A) Correlation of Coefficient

B) Quartile Deviation

C) Standard Deviation D) Coefficient of Variation

E) Calculation of ‘r’ values to draw circles

05

8 Field Work:

Data Collection

Census Data Collection:

a) Prepare census questionnaires as per the Govt. census survey

b) A group of five students should select one Village. Students should collect Census

Data through personal interview of villagers to fill up the questionnaires.

c) Every group of students should take

interview of at least 50 villagers.

04

9 Village Report Writing Report Writing Method:

A) Research Methodology

B) B) Data Analysis Techniques: Students

C) Should analyze data by using techniques

D) given in the syllabus.

C) Data Presentation Techniques

D) Concluding remarks

05


E) References & Bibliography

Report: Group of five students will prepare a

separate census report. They will submit hard

and soft copy of census report at the time of

examination

F) Students should present report with the

help of Power Point. (At least 10 slides)

Total Periods 60

Instructions to Departments: 1) All Computers in the Lab. should be individual. (Lan System is not allowed).

2) Every students should have separate computer set in the computer Lab.(10 set of

Computers for one batch).

3) Students will present the census report with the help of Power Point, obviously slide

projector is must.

.

Examination System: 1) Data of question Paper will be supplied in the form of C.D.

2) Students will solve the questions in separate files of one workbook.

3) Examiners will assess the papers on screen by giving the marks to all questions.

4) All answer sheets will be loaded in the C.D. by the examiners.

Pattern of Question Papers:

1) All questions will be compulsory. 2) Data of question paper will be provided by paper setters.

3) Paper setter should follow the following guide line: 4) In question paper there will be 7 questions.

5) Students will solve 4 to 5 questions with the help of computer.(10 to 15 Marks each) 6) Question No 6 will be for assessment of project report (10 Marks)

7) Question No 7 will be for Viva- voce, Journal (05 Marks) and Project

Presentation(05marks)

Unit No Marks

2 20

3 15

4 15

5 15

6 10

7 10

8 15

9 : Project report Preparation

10

Viva-voce and Project

presentation

10

Total Marks 80

Books:

1. R.B.Mandal: “Statistic for Geography and Social Science”.


2. Monkhouse: “Maps and Diagram”.

3) Masjid Husen “:Agricultural Geography”.

4) Hudson F.S.(1976): “Geography of Settlement” .

5) Yeats, M.H. (1974): “An Introduction to Quantitative Analysis in Human Geography”.

6) Sing J. and Dhillon ( 1984) “Agricultural Geography”.

7) Sing R.L. “ Readings in Rural Settlement Geography”.

8) Michaele E. and E. Hurse: ‘ Transportation Geography”.

9) Edward Arnold: “ The Study of Urban Geography”.

10) George Omura: Mastering Auto CAD, BPB Publication, b14 Connautplace, New Delhi

11) Grini Courter and Annette Marquis(1999): “OFFICE 2000” BPB Publication.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


SEMISTER - II

Gg. 201: GEOGRAPHICAL THOUGHTS


Unit No


1

Pre History of

Geographical Ideas

1) Greeks: The Pioneers of Pre Historical Ideas 2) Roman’s Role in Geography

3) Arab Geographical Thoughts 4) Impact of Explorations and Discoveries

08

2

Modern Geographical

Thoughts

1) Founders of Modern Geographical Thoughts a) Von Humboldt

b) Carl Ritter

2) German School of Geography

a) Friedrich Ratzel

b) Albert Penk

06

3

The Beginning of Modern

Geography

1) Development of The Concept of Geography

a) As the study of Relationships:

Environmental Determinism,

Possibilism & Human Ecology

b) A Study of Distribution

c) A Study of Areal Differentiation

2) Classification and Regionalization

3) Models in Geography

08

4

The Science of Geography 1) The Concept of Development Through

Time 2) Relationship between an Organism and

Habitat

3) Natural Selection and Struggle for existence, Random Variation

06

5

Geography in the Second

Half of the 20th

Century

Trends in Geographic Thoughts and

Methodology

a) Quantitative Revolution

06


b) Behavioural, Humanistic and Rational

Approaches

6

Dualism and Dichotomies

in Geography

a) General Geography v/s Regional Geography

b) Physical Geography v/s Human Geography c) Determinism Geography v/s Possibilist

06

7

Recent Trends in

Geography (I)

Recent Trends: a) Economic Geography

i) Resources Appraisal and Globalization ii) National and International Trade

Dynamics. b) Population Geography:

i) Recent Challenges and Problems

c) Social and Cultural Geography

i) Globalization of Culture

ii) Social Problems

08

8

Recent Trends in

Geography (II)

Recent Trends:

a) Climatology:

i) Recent Development of IMD

ii)Application of Satellite for weather

forecasting.

b) Geomorphology:

c) Recent Concepts in Geomorphology

06

9

Modern Techniques 1) Statistical Techniques

2) Application of Computer in Data Analysis

3) Application of Remote Sensing Techniques

in Different Fields

4) Application of GIS

06

Weghtage

Books:

1) Taylor G. (1951): Geography in 20th Century, Methuen & Co. London.

2) Husain Majid (1984): Evolution of Geographical Thoughts, Rawat Publication, Jaipur

Unit Marks

1 20

2 20

3 20

4 20

5 20

6 20

7 20

8 20

9 20

Total Marks 100

Internal 20

External 80


3) David Harvey: Explanation in Geography

4) Hart M.G. (1986): Geomorphology- Pure and Applied, George Allen & Unwin.

5) Robert E Dickinson: The Makers of Modern Geography.

6) Peter Hagget: Geography, A Modern Syntesis.

7) Saroj K Pal: Statistical Techniques, A Basic Approach to Geography, Mc. Graw Hill.

8) Floyd Sabins: Remote Sensing, Principles and Application, Freeman and Co. New

York

9) Stringen E.T.: Techniques of Climatology

10) Hindore Oliver: Climatology

11) Hartshown T A & Alexander (1988): Economic Geography, Prentice Hall,

International Inc.

12) Brian P Fit Gerald: Development in Geographical Method” Science in Geog. Oxford

Uni. Press

13) Chandana R.C. : Introduction to Population Geography, Dr. S.B.Sawant, Prof.

A.S.Athawale : Population Geography.

14) Thompson W.S. and Lewis D.T. (1965) : Population Problems , Tata MaGrw Hill

Publishing Co. Ltd. New Delhi.

15) Hobbs, John E ( 1980) : Applied Climatology, Dawson West View Press. Leong Goh

Cheng & Morgan Gillianc, : Human & Economic Geography, Oxford University Press,

New Delhi.

16) Kang- tsung : Introduction to Geographic Information System (2002) McGraw Hill.

17) George Joseph : Fundamentals of Remote Sensing (2004) ,University Press Pvt. Ltd.

Hyderabad.

18) J.R. Jensen : Remote Sensing of Environment, An Earth Resources,Perspective (2003) ,

Person Education Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.

19) http://www.gisdevelopment.net/downloads/gps/index.htm

20) http://www.google.co.in/search?hl=en&q=gps+software&meta=&aq=3&oq=GPS

21) http://www.colorado.edu/geography/gcraft/notes/gps/gps_f.htm

22) http://www.funrungames.com/navfunpro.php

23) IMD web site.


SEMISTER - II

Gg. 202: SOCIAL AND CULTURAL GEOGRAPHY



Unit

No Unit Sub Unit

Periods

1

Introduction 1) Nature & Scope 2) Cultural Geography is a branch of Human

Geography 3) Major themes in Cultural & Social Geography

4) Cultural & Social Environment 5) Right to Information Act

08

2 The Cultural Complex Cultural Landscape:

1) Development of Cultural Landscape

2) Cultural Regions.

06

3

Cultural traits 1) Culture as traits

2) Complexes any systems 3) Concept of Race : Griffith Tailor’s Theory

06

4

Evolution of Civilization Evolution and Growth of Civilization: 1) Onset of Civilization

2) Growth of regionally Dominant cultures

3) Differential Cultural Development

06

5

Cultural System Cultural System:

1) Geography and Religion

2) Geography and Language

3) Cultural Nationalism

4) Globalization and Cultural Change

08

6

Origin and Growth of

Culture

1) Origin of Culture:

a) Dispersal and Diffusion of Culture

b) Cultural Convergence and divergence

2) Trends in Culture: Recent trends towards

decreasing cultural diversity.

08

7 Origin of Agriculture 1) Centers of origin of agriculture

2) Domestication of Plants & Animals 06

8

Concept of Space 1) Pattern, Processes and concept of space in

Social Geography 2) Geography and Social Problems.

06

9 Social Process 1) Residential Location & Intra Urban Mobility

2) Migration

3) Social Change and Urbanization

06

Weghtage

Unit Marks

1 20


Books :-

1. Social Geography – Aijaruddin Ahmad, Rawat Publication Jaipur, New Delhi.

2. Emrys Johns(1975): “Readings and Social Geography”, Oxford University Press

3. Rajit Tirtha: “Geography of India”, Eastern Michingan University U.S.A. & Region

4. Spencer J. E. and W. L. Thomas : “Introducing Cultural Geography”

5. Wagner P. L. and Mi Kesell M. W.: “Reading Cultural Geography”

6. Majid Husain: “Cultural Geography” , Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi

7. John Emrys: “Regions in Social Geography”

8. John Emrys and Eyles John: “An Introduction to Social Geography”

9. Dr. Jain : “Vishwaka Sanskrutik Bhugol”

10. Carter, George E : “Man and Land, A Cultural Geography”

11. Paul L. Knox and Sallie A. Marston(1998): “Human Geography”,Prentice Hall, Upper

Saddle River. New Jersey 07458.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


2 20

3 20

4 20

5 20

6 20

7 20

8 20

9 20

Total Marks 100

Internal 20

External 80


SEMISTER - II

Gg. 203: (A) REMOTE SENSING


Unit

No Unit Sub Unit

Periods

1

Introduction to Remote

Sensing

1. Need of Remote Sensing 2. Definition of Remote Sensing

3. Application of Remote Sensing Techniques in

different Fields.

06

2

Fundamental Concepts of

Remote Sensing

1. Electromagnetic Energy

2. Definition

3. Properties of Electromagnetic Wave

Velocity, wave length frequency

4. Atmospheric Effects: Scattering, reflection,

emission and Transmission of Energy.

5. Electromagnetic Spectrum.

6. Wavelength Regions

08

3

Types of Remote Sensing 1. Types:

ii) Passive Remote Sensing

iii) Active Remote sensing

2. Types of Platforms:

i) Ground Observation Platform

ii) Air Borne Platform

iii) Space Borne Platform

06

4

Aerial Photographs I 1. Introduction to Aerial Photographs

2. Types of Aerial Photographs

3. Aerial Cameras

4. Types of Films 5. Geometry of Aerial Photographs

6. Camera Calibration

06

5

Aerial Photographs II 1. Stereoscopic Overlapping

2. Average Scale of Aerial Photographs 3. Methods of Scale Determination

4. Stereoscopic Overlapping 5. Types of Stereoscopes

6. Image Interpretation and Recognition

08

6 Remote Sensing Satellite Types of Sensors and their uses:

Land sat: MSS, TM, ETM, SPOT, HRV, IRS:LISS.

7

Development of Indian

Remote Sensing

1. History of IRS Development

2. NRSA Organisation 3. Satellites Launched by India and their

function

4. Recent Development of India in Space

Technology

8

Application of GIS A) 1) Introduction, Definition and History of GIS.

2) Objectives, Tasks and Elements of GIS.

3) Types of attributes.

B) Conceptual Models of Spatial Information


1) Raster data model,

2) Vector data model,

3) Comparative overview.

9

Coordinate Systems

1. Geographic Co-ordinate System 2. Projected Co-ordinate System

1) U.T.M. 2) U.P.S.

3) S.P.C. 4) P.L.S.S.

Weghtage

Reference Books 1. Lillesand, Thomas M. & Kiefer Ralph (2000) : Remote Sensing and Image interpretation, Jonh

Wiley.

2. Agarwal C.S.and Garg P.K. (20020 : Text Book on Remote Sensing, Wheeler PublishingDelhi. 3. Prithvish Nag and M. Kudrat (1998) : Digital remote Sensing , Concept Publishing Company,

New Delhi.

4. William Jonathan (1995) : Geographic information from Space : Processing and applications of

Geocoded Satellite Images, John Wiley & Sons. 4. Taylor and Francis (1996) : Spatial analytical on GIS

5. DeBarry, Paul A. (1999) GIS Modules nd Distributed Models of the Watershed: A Report

from ASCE Task Committee on GIS Modules and Distribution, ASCE. 6. Burrough, P.A. (1986) : Principles of Geographical information System for Land Resources

Assessment, Oxford University Press.

7. Environment System Research Institute (1993) : Understanding GIS , The Arc InfoMethod. 8. Bernhardsen, Tor (1999):Geographic Information System, An Introduction, John Wiley &

Sons.

9. Clarke ,Keith C. (1999) : Getting Started with Geographic Information System, Prentice Hall.

10. Demers, Michael N. (2000) : Fundamentals of Geographic Information System,John Wiley. 11. Haywood, Ian (2000) : Geographical Information System, Longman.

12. Chang, Kang-taung(2000): Introduction to Geographic information System, Tata McGraw

Hill.


Unit Marks

1 20

2 20

3 20

4 20

5 20

6 20

7 20

8 20

9 20

Total Marks 100

Internal 20

External 80


SEMISTER - II

Gg. 203: (B) GEOINFORMATICS I


Unit

No Unit Sub Unit

Periods

1

Introduction to Remote

Sensing

Principal of Remote Sensing: 1. Definition, Historical Perspective, National

and International Scenario.

2. EMR: Spectrum, Spectral Quantities Theories

of EMR, Law of Radiation, Concept of

Black body radiation, Spectral signature.

08

2

Interaction of EMR Atmosphere:

1. Scattering, Absorption, Refraction, Path

Surface Radiance Reflection, Transmission,

Absorption, Scattering

2. Surfaces, Atmospheric Window and types

of R.S.

08

3

Aerial Photography I 1) Basics of Aerial Photography:

Average Scale, Resolution, Projection, Flight

Planning, Stereoscopic Overlaps.

2) Aerial Camera:

Optical Aspects-Spherical Aberrations,

Astigmation, Chromatic Aberrations,

Components of Camera.

08

4

Aerial Photography (II) Measurements:

1. Geometric characteristics of A.P.

2. Camera Calibration.

3. Calculation of Scale, Focal Length and Height of aircraft.

4. Characteristics of Photo interpretation

06

5

Development of Indian

Remote Sensing

1. History of IRS Development

2. NRSA Organisation 3. Satellites Launched by India and their function

4. Recent Development of India in Space Technology

06

6

Types of Remote Sensing 1. Types: i) Passive Remote Sensing

ii) Active Remote sensing 2. Types of Platforms:

i) Ground Observation Platform

ii) Air Borne Platform

iii) Space Borne Platform

06

7

Satellite RS (II) Scanning sensors :

1. Geosynchronous, Sun synchronous.

2. Across-Track and along track

3. Spectral, Spatial, Radiometric and Temporal

Characteristics

06

8 Satellite RS (III) Types of Sensors- 06


Land sat: MSS, TM, ETM, SPOT, HRV, IRS:LISS,

PAN, WIFS, OCM.

9 Data Products Types:

1. Reference Scheme, Photographic Products.

2. Digital Products: Data Formats.

06

Total Periods 60

Weghtage

Books:-

1. P.A. Burrough & R.A. McDonnell (2000 ): “Principles of Geography Information

System”, Oxford University Press.

2. C.P.Lo & Albert K.W.Yeung (2002): “Concepts and techniques of Geographical

Information System”, Prentice Hall, India.

3.Paul A. Lonfley, Michael F. Goodchild, D.J.Maguire & D.W. Rhind (2002,): “Introduction

of Geographic Information System and Science”,

John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

4. Kang- tsung Chang (2002): “Introduction of Geographic Information System”, Mc Graw

Hill.

5 George Joseph, : Fundamentals of Remote Sensing, 2004, University Press Pvt. Ltd.

Hyderabad 6 J.R. Jensen ( 2003): “Remote Sensing of Environment, An Earth Resource Perspective”,

Pearson education Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi. 7. Lillesand T.M. & Kiefer R.W. (2002): “Remote Sensing and image Interpretation”, John

Wiley and Sons New Delhi. 8. Patel,A.N. and S Singh ( 1999): “Principles of Remote Sensing” Scientific Publishers

(India) Jodhapur 9. Mehrotra A and R.K.Suri (1994) “ Remote Sensing for Environment and Management”,

Indus Publishing Co. New Dehli.

10.Pande, Shiv N. Principles and Applications of Photogeology”,Wiley EasternLtd, Mumbai.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


SEMISTER - II

Unit Marks

1 20

2 20

3 20

4 20

5 20

6 20

7 20

8 20

9 20

Total Marks 100

Internal 20

External 80


Gg 204 : GEO-STATISTICAL METHODS


Unit

No Unit Sub Unit

Periods

1

Introduction 1. Geo-Science System and Statistical technique

2. Characteristics of data – Units of expression of

data.

a) Nominal b) Ordinal c) Interval d) Ratio

06

2

Probability Assessments 1. Probability and normal Probability distribution

-normal distribution function

Critical Value – Mean Value

Z (deviate Score) = ----------------------------------

Standard Deviation

2. Binomial distribution

i) Binomial distribution function

ii) Characteristics of Binomial distribution.

3. Poisson Distribution i) Poisson Distribution function

ii) Characteristics, Merits and demerits

08

3

Sampling and Sampling

Plan in Geo-Science

System

1. Population and Sample

2. Types Sampling: i) Simple Random Sampling: Point,Area and

Line Sampling ii) Restricted Random Sampling Systematic,

Grid, Stratified.

08

4 Designing and conducting

a Sample Survey

1. Planning 2. Data Collection 3. Data analysis

and Conclusions. 06

5

Parametric Statistics in

Geo-Science System.

1) Sampling theory and Parametric Statistics.

2) Null-Hypothesis and significance level

3) One tailed and two tailed tests

4) Test of Significance between sample mean

and population mean.

08

6

Parametric Statistics in

geo-science system (Small

sized sample )

1) Student’s ‘T’ Statistics

2) Importance of ‘t’ Statistics

3) Test of significance between sample mean and

population mean (when standard deviation is

unknown)

4) Test of significance between the means of two independent Sample.

5) F – Distribution (Analysis of Variance)

06

7 Non Parametric Statistics

in geo-science system.

1) Chi-Square Test- One Sample Test, Test of intendance of 2x2 contingency table.

2) K-S Test-One-Sample, Two Sample.

06

8

Regression Analysis in

Geo-Science System.

1) Semi-Average method

2) Least-Square method 3) Residuals from regression

06

9 Regression 1) Exponential regression equation. 06


2) Power regression equation

Weghtage

Books :

1. Saroj K Pal- Statistics for Geo-Scientist

2. S. Grogry- Statistical methods for Geographer

3. Aslam Mahmood- Statistical methods in Geographical Studies.

4. Aslam Mahmood & Prof. Moonis Raja (1977): Statistical Methods in Geographical

Studies.Rajesh Publications, New Delhi.

5. P.S.Gupta (1983) : Practical Statistics, Chand and Company Ltd. Ram Nagar New Delhi.

6. John Silk (1979): Statistical Concepts in Geography, George Allen & Unwin, London.

7. Saroj K Pal (1982): Statistical Techniques, A Basic Approach to Geography, Tata Mc

Graw Hill Publishing Comp. Ltd. New Delhi.

8. Miller J. Taylor( 1977): Quantitative Methods in Geography, Houghton Mithu Comp.

Bostan.

9. Leslie J. King (1969): Statistical Analysis in Geography, Prentice Hall, INC, Englewood,

Clieff

10. Zamir Alvi (1995): Statistical Geography, Methods and Applications, Concept Publ.New

Delhi.

11. R.B.Mandal (1981): Statistics for Geographers & Social Scientists, Rawat Publ. New

Delhi.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


SEMISTER - II

Unit Marks

1 20

2 20

3 20

4 20

5 20

6 20

7 20

8 20

9 20

Total Marks 100

Internal 20

External 80


Gg. 205: CARTOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES WITH THE HELP OF GIS &

EXCURSION REPORT

(One Batch of Ten Students)


Unit

No Unit Sub Unit

Periods

1

Introduction Introduction to GIS Software:

Interface, Menu bar, Toolbar, Data import, Scale

factor, Layer Properties, Drawing cleanup,

Topology Building, Digitization, Layout, Safe

file.

06

2

Cartographic Techniques

With The Help of GIS

Techniques To Prepare following Maps:

1. Choropleth Map: i) Shading ii) Colour

2. Dot Map

3. Transformation of Dot map into Isopleth Map

4. Proportional Circle Map: 2D and 3D

5. Cardogram:

10

3

Cartographic Techniques in

Population Geography

Preparation of Following Maps:

1. Density of Population

2. Concentration of Population

3. Sex Ratios 4. Proportion of Category wise Population

5. Religion wise composition 6. Literacy Rate

10

4

Cartographic Techniques in Rural Settlement Geography

1. Classification of Rural Settlements according to size of Population

2. Proportion of Rural Population 3. Dispersion of Settlements

08

5


Urban Settlement

Geography

1. Classification of Towns according to size of

Population

2. Proportion of Urban Population

3. Degree of Urbanization

4. Functional Classification of Towns

5. Location Quotient

08

6


Agricultural Geography

1. Proportion of Crops

2. Crop Concentration

3. Crop Diversification

4. Crop Combination 5. Land use and Land Classification

06

7


Physical Geography

1. Drainage Map

2. Drainage Density Map

3. Drainage Frequency Map 4. Relief Map

5. Soil Map

06

8

Project Report:

Population Atlas/ Agricultural Atlas /

Group of five students should prepare any one

Atlas in which at least 20 maps and graphs with their interpretation should be submitted at the

05


Economic Atlas time of examination. Students should apply all

techniques given in unit No 2.

9

Excursion Report and

Journal

Visit to a Place of Geographical interest

At the time of examination, students should submit excursion report.

02

Weightage

Unit No Marks

3 10 Marks for Mapping+ 05 marks for Interpretation





8 10 Marks for Project Report + 05 - Presentation

9 05 Marks for Excursion Report + 05 - Journal and Oral

Internal=20 Marks

External= 80 Marks

Instructions to Departments: 1) All Computers in the Lab. should be individual. (Lan System is not allowed).

2) Every students should have separate computer set in the computer Lab.(10 sets of

Computer for one batch).

3) Students will present the Atlas (Project) with the help of Power Point, obviously slide

projector is must.

.

Examination System: 1) Data of question Paper will be supplied in the form of C.D.

2) Students will solve the questions in separate files of one workbook. 3) Examiners will assess the papers on screen by giving the marks to all questions.

4) All answer sheets will be loaded in the C.D. by the examiners.

Pattern of Question Papers: 1) All questions will be compulsory.

2) In question paper there will be 7 questions. 3) Students will solve 4 to 5 questions with the help of computer.(10 to 15 Marks each)

4) Question No 6 will be for assessment of project report (10 Marks)

5) Question No 7 will be for Viva- voce, Journal (05 Marks) and Project

Presentation(05marks)

Books: 1. R.B.Mandal: “Statistic for Geography and Social Science”.

2. Monkhouse: “Maps and Diagram”.

3) Masjid Husen “:Agricultural Geography”.

4) Hudson F.S.(1976): “Geography of Settlement” .

5) Yeats, M.H. (1974): “An Introduction to Quantitative Analysis in Human Geography”.

6) Sing J. and Dhillon ( 1984) “Agricultural Geography”.

7) Sing R.L. “ Readings in Rural Settlement Geography”.


8) Michaele E. and E. Hurse: ‘ Transportation Geography”.

9) Edward Arnold: “ The Study of Urban Geography”.

10) George Omura: Mastering Auto CAD, BPB Publication, b14 Connautplace, New Delhi

11) Grini Courter and Annette Marquis(1999): “OFFICE 2000” BPB Publication.

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