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North Seattle Community North Seattle Community College College
Watch Technology InstituteWatch Technology Institute
February 2005February 2005
Course on Surface FinishingCourse on Surface Finishing
Purpose of Surface Purpose of Surface FinishingFinishing
PreservationPreservation IdentificationIdentification Adding valueAdding value Aesthetical enhancementAesthetical enhancement TraditionTradition
Identify the Techniques Identify the Techniques UsedUsed
Sunburst finishSunburst finish Angling (Beveling)Angling (Beveling) ““Cote de Geneve”Cote de Geneve” Flat polishingFlat polishing GrainingGraining Finishing sidesFinishing sides Chamfering holesChamfering holes Machine engravingMachine engraving
Matt finishingMatt finishing Angling (Beveling)Angling (Beveling) Flat polishingFlat polishing Graining/line finishGraining/line finish Finishing sidesFinishing sides Chamfering holesChamfering holes EngravingEngraving
Identify the Techniques Identify the Techniques UsedUsed
Identify the Techniques Identify the Techniques UsedUsed
Circular finishCircular finish Angling (Beveling)Angling (Beveling) Sand blastingSand blasting Flat polishingFlat polishing BluingBluing GrainingGraining Finishing sidesFinishing sides Chamfering holesChamfering holes Hand engravingHand engraving
Identify the Techniques Identify the Techniques UsedUsed
““Perlage”Perlage” Angling (Beveling)Angling (Beveling) Flat polishingFlat polishing Chamfering holesChamfering holes Finishing sidesFinishing sides
Other examplesOther examples
Flat Surface FinishingFlat Surface Finishing
Create a “Line” finishCreate a “Line” finish Steel or brassSteel or brass Select stone by material Select stone by material
and finish and finish Use shellac stone for Use shellac stone for
high quality steel partshigh quality steel parts Do not use emery Do not use emery
paperpaper
Sides of Bridges and LeversSides of Bridges and Levers
Hold work piece securelyHold work piece securely Use fine file to create flat Use fine file to create flat
surfacesurface Use emery sticks, old file Use emery sticks, old file
with 3M paper (30 microns) with 3M paper (30 microns) or “Degussit” stonesor “Degussit” stones
For matt finish use For matt finish use carborundum powder and carborundum powder and brass or steel slipbrass or steel slip
Pressure Polish Pressure Polish (“Burnishing”)(“Burnishing”)
Applied to round/ Applied to round/ cylindrical steel parts cylindrical steel parts (pivots)(pivots)
Use fine file to bring Use fine file to bring close to diameterclose to diameter
Use steel burnisher Use steel burnisher with oil to polishwith oil to polish
““Black” PolishingBlack” Polishing Applied to round/ Applied to round/
cylindrical and flat steel cylindrical and flat steel partsparts
Multiple step processMultiple step process Grind with carborundum Grind with carborundum
powder and brass slip powder and brass slip (or 3M paper on old (or 3M paper on old file/glass plate)file/glass plate)
Polish with diamantine Polish with diamantine on zinc slip or diskon zinc slip or disk
Flat PolishingFlat Polishing
Apply on flat steel partsApply on flat steel parts Multiple step processMultiple step process Grind with carborundum Grind with carborundum
powder and brass slip (or powder and brass slip (or 3M paper on glass plate)3M paper on glass plate)
Polish with diamantine on Polish with diamantine on zinc slip or diskzinc slip or disk
Use screw head polisher Use screw head polisher or do free-hand on corkor do free-hand on cork
Angling (“Beveling”)Angling (“Beveling”) SteelSteel:: File corner with fine file File corner with fine file
or use “Degussit”or use “Degussit” Smoothen with emery Smoothen with emery
stickssticks Burnish with steel Burnish with steel
burnisher orburnisher or Use 3M paper on old file Use 3M paper on old file
to achieve smooth finish to achieve smooth finish Then use Diamantine on Then use Diamantine on
zinc slip to polishzinc slip to polish Finish with pith woodFinish with pith wood
Angling (“Beveling”)Angling (“Beveling”)
BrassBrass:: File corner with fine File corner with fine
file file Smoothen with Smoothen with
emery sticksemery sticks Burnish with steel Burnish with steel
burnisherburnisher Use Simichrome to Use Simichrome to
polishpolish
Chamfer HolesChamfer Holes
Countersink hole Countersink hole with disk cutterwith disk cutter
BrassBrass:: Use Simichrome on peg Use Simichrome on peg
wood to polishwood to polish Steel:Steel: Use carborundum Use carborundum
powder with oil to pre-powder with oil to pre-polishpolish
Polish with DiamantinePolish with Diamantine
Matt Finish (Steel)Matt Finish (Steel)
Use carborundum Use carborundum powder and oil on powder and oil on frosted glass platefrosted glass plate
Use different grit to Use different grit to achieve finer or coarser achieve finer or coarser finishfinish
Bluing SteelBluing Steel
Surface to be blued Surface to be blued needs to be perfectly needs to be perfectly finishedfinished
Clean part thoroughly Clean part thoroughly without residuewithout residue
Use alcohol lamp with Use alcohol lamp with bluing tray (brass bluing tray (brass shavings) or bluing shavings) or bluing holderholder
Controlled heat Controlled heat chamber allows for chamber allows for better color controlbetter color control
““Perlage”Perlage”
Used on brass bridges Used on brass bridges and platesand plates
Can be applied with Can be applied with drill press or lathedrill press or lathe
Cross-slide or milling Cross-slide or milling attachment allow for attachment allow for properly spaced properly spaced applicationapplication
Abrasive material Abrasive material (emery paper, 3M (emery paper, 3M paper, etc) on wooden paper, etc) on wooden or brass support or brass support
““Sunburst” FinishSunburst” Finish
Advanced technique Advanced technique Requires machine set-Requires machine set-
up for best results up for best results (special fixtures and (special fixtures and lapping disks with lapping disks with abrasive material)abrasive material)
““Cote de Geneve”Cote de Geneve”
Advanced technique Advanced technique Requires machine Requires machine
set-up set-up Cross-slide on drill Cross-slide on drill
press or milling press or milling attachment on latheattachment on lathe
Parts to be Parts to be decorated need to decorated need to be alignedbe aligned
Lapping disks (wood Lapping disks (wood or brass) with or brass) with abrasive materialabrasive material
““Cote de Geneve”Cote de Geneve”
““Cote de Geneve”Cote de Geneve”
Sand BlastingSand Blasting
Requires Sand Requires Sand Blasting equipmentBlasting equipment
Jewels need to be Jewels need to be removed or covered removed or covered upup
Bevels and Bevels and engravings need to engravings need to covered up or covered up or applied after sand applied after sand blastingblasting