NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED - Dorset Police...NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED 18-24 yrs old 3 The table on total arrests by age shows that arrest rates are highest for those aged 18-24 years old

NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED

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Introduction & Purpose

The Force Strategic Equality Assessment is commissioned by the People, Confidence & Equality Team in order to bring together the current and

long term issues affecting equality and diversity and to identify possible risks to policing in Dorset. The document provides an opportunity to

monitor performance and assess progress in respect of Equality & Diversity considerations.

The report covers the 12 month period from 1 July 2017 to 30 June 2018 inclusive (unless otherwise stated), with the comparative period the

previous year used for comparisons.

Arrest and Custody disposal data covers the calendar year period of 1 January to 31 December.

Equality Objectives for 2015-20191

HATE CRIME - Tackle hate crime and protect those at risk of targeted abuse and violence

VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN & CHILDREN – Identify and protect vulnerable and ‘hard to reach’ victims

ACCESS & ENGAGEMENT – Ensure that external and internal service provision is accessible and addresses the needs of diverse communities

LEADERSHIP & POSITIVE ACTION – Build an inclusive workforce that represents the community we serve

Our Policing Vision

Dorset Police’s mission is to play our part in achieving the national mission for policing:

o “To make communities safer by upholding the law fairly and firmly; preventing crime and antisocial behavior; keeping the peace;

protecting and reassuring communities; investigating crime and bringing offenders to justice.”

1 Objectives and the equality duty: A guide for public authorities - Equality and Human Rights Commission.


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Offender Data

Arrest Rates

Within the offender data section of this assessment, the focus is on any discrepancies by ethnicity because this has been the focus of the Lammy

Report and Race Disparity Audit which have highlighted the higher arrest rates and disproportionate use of stop search among Black & Minority

Ethnic Groups. However, where it may be relevant, the age and sex breakdown is also considered.

Arrests by Age

All Arrests by age of arrestee

Volume of

arrests

% of 2015

arrests

Volume of

arrests

% of 2016

arrests

Volume of

arrests

% of 2017

arrests

2011 Census

population (%

of 10yr+ total)

Arrest Rate

(3 yr

average)

per 1,000

popn

10-17 yrs old 678 5% 404 3% 434 4% 10% 7.7

18-24 yrs old 3101 25% 2795 23% 2435 22% 9% 44.2

25-34 yrs old 3620 29% 3696 31% 3388 30% 12% 43.7

35-44 yrs old 2620 21% 2678 22% 2549 23% 14% 27.9

45-54 yrs old 1694 14% 1713 14% 1679 15% 15% 16.7

55-64 yrs old 541 4% 554 5% 478 4% 15% 5.3

65-74 yrs old 152 1% 155 1% 131 1% 12% 1.8

75 yrs old and above 40 0% 34 0% 25 0% 13% 0.4

Unknown 2 0% 0 0% 2 0% N/A 0.0

Total 12448 100% 12029 100% 11121 100%

2015 2016 2017


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The table on total arrests by age shows that arrest rates are highest for those aged 18-24 years old (44.2 arrests per 1,000 population) and those

aged 25-34 years old (43.7 arrests per 1,000 population) who are notably over-represented among arrestees. Positively, those aged 10-17 years

old are under-represented among the arrests data; accounting for 10% of the resident population aged over 10 years old but on average,

accounting for 4% of arrestees over the last three years. Similarly, those aged 55 years old and above have the lowest arrest rates and as with

the youngest group are under-represented within arrested nominals.

Arrests by age & sex

On average across the 2 year period comprising calendar years of 2016 and 2017, males accounted for 85% of the people arrested which is a

significant over-representation when compared to the 49% that males contribute to the total resident population within Dorset. In contrast,

females are notably under-represented among arrestees at just 15% on average; whilst they account for 51% of the resident population.

Within the age profile there seems little difference between the sexes, with those aged 25-34 years old and 35-44 years old accounting for the

greatest proportion of arrestees although females are slightly more likely to be aged 10-17 years old than males; 4.7% of female arrests within

this age group compared to 3.4% of male arrests.

Arrests by age & sex: 2016

and 2017 average

Female

arrests (2 yr

average)

% of total

female

arrests

Male arrests

(2 yr

average)

% of total

male arrests

10-17 yrs old 82 4.7% 337 3.4%

18-24 yrs old 341 19.7% 2274 23.1%

25-34 yrs old 519.5 30.1% 3022.5 30.7%

35-44 yrs old 426 24.7% 2187.5 22.2%

45-54 yrs old 277 16.0% 1419 14.4%

55-64 yrs old 64 3.7% 452 4.6%

65-74 yrs old 17 1.0% 126 1.3%

75 yrs old and above 1 0.1% 28.5 0.3%

Unknown 0.5 0.0% 0.5 0.0%

Total 1728 100.0% 9847 100.0%


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Arrests among young people

The Lammy report highlighted the disproportionate arrest rates for BAME youths and so the table above shows the proportion of arrests by

ethnicity for those young people aged 10-17 years old who have been arrested in Dorset over the last 3 years. The 2011 Census data showing

the composition by ethnicity of the total 10-17 year old population is also provided in grey at the end of the table along with the average arrest

rate per 1,000 population in order to highlight any potentially disproportionality.

The figures show that White British youths are under-represented among arrestees when compared to their prevalence within the population as a

whole (80% of arrested youths, 91% of total population), whilst those of Black ethnicity appear to be over-represented among detainees; 8% of

arrestees on average compared to comprising just 0.4% of the total 10-17 year old population. At 75 arrests per 1,000 resident population, the

arrest rate is so much higher than for all other ethnic groups. No such discrepancy is apparent for other BAME categories.

As a result of the potential inequality that the arrest data for Black youths shows, this data has been explored in more depth in an attempt to

establish if there is any discriminatory practice at work.

A review of the 124 arrests of Black youths over the last three years shows that 70 of the arrests (56%) relate to youths who were not resident in

Dorset at the time of the arrest, but were instead visiting the area; often to commit drugs activity, with over 60% of arrests relating to non-Dorset

Black youths concerning drug offences. If these non-Dorset residents were removed from the arrests data, it would reduce the average 41

arrests per year down to 18 arrests per year, reducing the arrest rate from 75 down to 33 arrests per 1,000 population. This would still be higher

than for any other ethnic group however.


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It is also worth noting that the research highlighted one individual who is a Dorset resident who has been arrested on 26 occasions over the last

three years for a variety of criminal offences from theft to violence against the person and possession of weapons. He alone has inflated the

arrest figures for Black youths significantly. Since the end of 2017 however he is now in prison in London.

Custody Disposals

The graph below shows the breakdown of custody disposals given to offenders, broken down by their ethnicity. For comparison, the end bar

(‘total’) shows the average proportion use for each disposal type during 2017, irrespective of ethnicity.


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To draw conclusions about any potential inequality in the use of different disposal types for offenders of different ethnicities, would require more

in depth analysis of similar case study examples where the offender history and crime profile is similar, but the graph does highlight some

potential areas of interest, although there is no suggestion of discriminatory practice.

With the exception of those of Mixed ethnicity (which is on a par with White British), all other Black & Minority ethnic groups are less likely

to receive a charge or summons than those who are White British.

Those of Chinese or Other Ethnic Group in particular are more likely to be offered a caution or released on police bail than given a charge

or summons; 13% charge/summons compared to 29% average.

Those of Asian or Mixed Ethnicity have a higher proportion of Released under investigation within their disposal profile; 16% and 17%

respectively compared to an average of 15%.

40% of Chinese or Other Ethnic Group arrests result in No Further Action; compared to a 33% average.


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Stop Search

Whilst the Lammy Report and Race Disparity Audit are most concerned with the disproportionate use of stop and search of Black people and so

this is the focus of this section of the Equality Strategic Assessment, some broader consideration of the age profile for stop and search subjects

is also included below. Previous work has raised concerns in relation to the stop and search of under 18s, particularly those aged 10-13 years

old and so the age profile of subjects seeks to provide some reassurance as to the proportionate use of stop and search against young people

within Dorset.

The stop and search data refers to the 12 months to 30 June 2018 unless otherwise stated.

Stop and search by age

It is positive to note that 10-13 year olds are under-represented among stop search subjects, accounting for 2% of people stop searched

compared to them accounting for 5% of the 10-74 year old resident population; with one of the lowest stop search rates at 1.2 stop searches per

Age group of

person stop

searched

Total Stop

Searches

% of total stop

searches

% of 2011

Census

population (10-

74 yr olds)

Stop Search

rate per 1,000

popn

10-13 years old 38 2% 5% 1.2

14-16 years old 257 11% 4% 10.1

17 years old 118 5% 2% 13.2

18-24 years old 647 29% 11% 10.3

25-34 years old 516 23% 14% 6.3

35-44 years old 399 18% 16% 4.3

45-54 years old 217 10% 17% 2.1

55-64 years old 37 2% 17% 0.4

65-74 years old 6 0% 14% 0.1

Unknown 13 1% N/A 0.0

Total 2248 100%


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1,000 population. 14-16 year olds however are notably over-represented among stop search subjects; 11% of the total stop searches relate to a

person within this age group whilst they only account for 4% of the resident population. The highest stop search rate is for those aged 17 years

old at 13.2 stop searches per 1,000 population, who are also over-represented among stop search subjects.

It is possible that some of these children are the victim of criminal exploitation by County Lines but further work would be required to evidence

this hypothesis. However, all stop searches of 10-17 year olds are circulated on a weekly basis to the Stop Search team and reviewed so any

issues of inappropriate use would be scrutinised at this point, and could then be raised at the Stop Search Scrutiny Panel so the data shown

above is not believed to be a cause for concern.

The greatest over-representation is within the 18-24 year old age range; 29% of stop searches but only 11% of the resident population. This

disproportionately high use of stop search among 18-24 year olds may reflect the influx of young males from outside of the County into Dorset for

drugs activity which has been evidenced in previous stop search research.

Stop and search by ethnicity

Over the 12 months to 30 June 2018, a total 2,254 stop searches were conducted; 13% of which relate to Black Asian Minority Ethnic (BAME)

subjects. This equates to a possible disproportionate use of stop search against BAME subjects as according to the 2011 Census, BAME

persons accounted for 8.1% of the total resident population in Dorset.

Total Stop Searches

Stop

Searches

per 1,000

popn

(2011

Census)

Disproportionality Ratio Arrests Arrest RatePositive

Searches

Rate of positive

searches

Asian 27 1.9 0.78 4 14.8% 4 14.8%

Black 158 49.25 20.2 25 15.8% 26 16.5%

Mixed 41 4.31 1.77 6 14.6% 6 14.6%

Not stated 293 26 8.9% 31 10.6%

Other 9 3.58 1.47

White British 1667 2.44 165 9.9% 190 11.4%

White Non-British 59 1.91 0.78 8 13.6% 9 15.3%

Total 2254 234 266


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In particular, Black nominals were stop searched at a rate of 49.25 searches per 1,000 population compared to less than 5 searches per 1,000

population for all other ethnic groupings. This disproportionality is expressed as a 20.2:1 ratio, meaning that for every one White British person

stop searched, there were 20.2 Black nominals stop searched. Whilst this may suggest some discriminatory behaviour, it is important to consider

that previous research has shown a high proportion of Black people searched were non-Dorset residents who are not included within the Census

resident population from which the disproportionality ratios are calculated and therefore has the impact of skewing the data unfavourably. This

same issue has been raised in relation to arrest of Black youths, where the prevalence of London-linked drugs activity in parts of Dorset is

bringing more Black nominals into the area.

One of the problems that remain from previous years is that the stop search rate and disproportionality ratios are calculated against the 2011

Census data. As each year passes this data becomes less representative of the County’s diverse population most particularly in the

Bournemouth conurbation where the greatest volume of stop search activity takes place. The Independent Scrutiny Group has previously stated

that they do not believe the 2011 Census data now provides a realistic picture of the current Bournemouth and Dorset population. The 2011

Census shows a BAME population in Dorset of 8.1% and a Black population of only 1.7%. Whilst not a direct comparison, Schools Census Data

for 2016 shows Dorset to have a BAME school population of 12% and a Black population of 4.6%. This suggests that our BAME population

within Dorset is greater than the 2011 Census figures that are being used in the disproportionality calculations and as a result, any

disproportionality is likely to be much less than it at first appears.

Research conducted by the Prevention Department in relation to 2017 calendar year stop search data identified that persons subject to stop

search often have intelligence connecting them to Organised Crime Groups, Dangerous Drug Networks and County Lines. Of the Black persons

stop searched 96% of them had intelligence within these categories. In addition, 47 % of stop searches of Black/Mixed persons were initiated

from a current incident; for example a call in from a member of the public concerned about potential drug activity. Multiple persons involved in

these criminal activities and subject to stop search are non-Dorset residents. 65% of Black persons searched during 2017 provided a non-Dorset

residency address.

It is worth noting that the rate of positive searches is slightly higher for Black nominals than for other groups in the 12 months to 30 June 2018,

suggesting that searches of Black people are potentially more evidence-based/intelligence-led than those conducted on their White counterparts.

In contrast, with a disproportionality ratio of less than 1, this means that a person of White British ethnicity is more likely to be stop searched than

a person of Asian or White non-British ethnicity. However, arrests resulting from a stop search are notably higher among BAME nominals than

White British subjects; close to 15% for BAME subjects compared to 10% for those of White British nominals.


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Victim Data Where data exists, the focus of the victim profiling within this section of the assessment is in relation to the sex, age and ethnicity of victims as previous research has shown that discrepancies may arise in relation to these characteristics from an equality perspective. Whilst there is a desire to be able to explore the disability profile of victims, this data is not routinely collected except where it is the motivation for a hate related offence and so this characteristic is not able to be explored through the majority of victim profiling contained within this document. The one type of disability for which data is held on Niche is learning disability and so a specific section exists within this assessment to explore the profile of victims with a learning disability. Victimisation by Crime Type There is some overlap between this document and the Community Profile which seeks to understand the communities that live within Dorset and the types of risks they face. The following extract from the Community Profile 2018 is pertinent to the Equality Strategic Assessment as well and so has been replicated within this document although the recommendation will already be picked up through the Community Profile work.


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The graph below shows the breakdown of victimisation by crime type during 2017 across the main ethnic groups.

Points of note are as follows:

Asian victims are subject to an above average proportion of theft – further research suggests that this is linked to Asian taxi drivers who are frequent victims of fare bilking; targeted because of their occupation rather than their ethnicity although there are examples of racial abuse as well.

Although not apparent from the graph above, Asian dwellings have previously been targeted for their high-value heritage gold, so this is an additional risk faced by those of Asian ethnicity.

There are no records of sexual offences against Asian victims – this may reflect poor recording of ethnicity of victims, a lack of confidence to report such offences, a cultural issue, or could be the reality that those of Asian ethnicity tend not to be victims of sexual offences.

Violent offences comprise a below average proportion of crimes among Asian, Chinese/Other and White Other ethnic groups – this may reflect poor recording of ethnicity of victims, a lack of confidence to report such offences or could be the reality that these ethnic minorities are less likely to be a victim of a violent offence.


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The proportion of crimes that relate to domestic abuse among the Asian, Chinese/Other and Black population is also unusually low – is this a cultural issue where victims are reluctant to report such crimes?

Hate crimes actually account for a relatively low proportion of total crimes experienced by ethnic minorities in Dorset, with the percentage being less than 10% for all but those of Black ethnicity. Usually the prejudice is directed at people during the course of their occupation as taxi drivers or occupations linked to the night-time economy such as security staff or as a response to national events, such as Brexit.

Hate Crime Profiling A hate crime is defined as any criminal offence in which the victim, or another person, believes they were targeted because of their disability, race, religion, sexual orientation or transgender identity. Total hate crime is comprised of the combined totals of specific racially & religiously aggravated (R&R) assaults (with or without injury),

harassment, criminal damage or public fear, alarm or distress offence types and crimes that have been flagged for hate.

Hate crime flags that can be chosen are: age, disability, sex, racial, religion or belief, sexual orientation and transgender but we do not currently

take any action (as a hate crime) in relation to age and sex as these are not currently recognised under the hate crime categories. Niche records

can contain multiple hate flags on each crime so totals within the hate flagged crime section will not match overall occurrences.

Total recorded hate crime

Over the 12 months to 30 June 2018, the Force has recorded a total of 601 hate crimes (racially/religiously aggravated or hate flagged),

representing an 11.7% increase (+63 actual) on the previous 12 months which is viewed as a positive increase as it could reflect an increase in

people reporting such crimes to the police.

Change in

PO Rate

Crimes PO Rate Crimes PO Rate Actual % + / - % + / -

Force Total 538 28.8% 601 25.0% 63 11.7% -3.9%

Rolling 12 months to

30 June 2017


30 June 2018

Change in Recorded

Crime


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Whilst the Positive Outcome rate for total hate crimes has reduced slightly in the most recent period to 25% from 28.8%, it remains higher than

the overall PO rate for total crime which stands at 19.7%. This is really positive and reflects the significant activity and scrutiny that takes place

in relation to hate crime.

The table below shows that hate crime volumes have increased across all but racial flagged hate crimes and that has only seen a minor

reduction of three crimes over the last 12 months, and along with racially/religiously aggravated crimes remains the largest category of hate

crime. Part of the increase nationally has been attributed to the Brexit vote and subsequent negotiations with further increases anticipated in

2019 when Britain leaves the EU.

Change in

PO Rate


Disability 37 32.4% 55 12.7% 18 48.6% -19.7%

Racial 123 23.6% 120 28.3% -3 -2.4% 4.8%

Religion or belief 16 12.5% 23 4.3% 7 43.8% -8.2%

Sexual Orientation 59 28.8% 84 22.6% 25 42.4% -6.2%

Transgender 12 25.0% 17 23.5% 5 41.7% -1.5%

Racially/Religiously Aggravated 298 31.5% 308 28.2% 10 3.4% -3.3%


30 June 2017


30 June 2018

Change in Recorded

Crime

Hate Crime Type

% of crimes where Victim

Declined to Support despite

there being a named

suspect

Disability 16%

Racial 18%

Religion or belief - Anti Muslim 4%

Sexual orientation 15%

Transgender 18%

Total Hate Crime 17%


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As an indicator of the service being given to hate crime victims by Dorset Police, the proportion of hate crimes with a named suspect identified

but where the victim declined to support was explored as this may indicate a lack of confidence in the police. The table below shows that on

average, 17% of hate crimes resulted in a victim declines to support outcome where a named suspect had been identified. This compares to an

average of 12.5% across all crime types in Dorset over the same period, although when only similar crimes types to those experienced by hate

crime victims are considered (violence against the person, criminal damage, robbery, public order offences), the rate increases to 20% of

outcomes being victim declines to support; suggesting that hate crime victims are receiving appropriate treatment so that they wish to support the

investigation and are not being disproportionately dissuaded from pursuing a complaint. Positively, only 4% of anti-Muslim hate crime victims

declined to support the investigation suggesting positive police relationships with this group.

Hate crime: Victim profile


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As the table above shows, people aged between 35 years old and 44 years old are the most likely to be a victim of hate crime, accounting for

23% of victims, followed by 20% of victims being aged between 25 and 34 years old. Both age groups are over-represented among hate crime

victims when compared to their presence within the overall Dorset population (11% each). Those aged 10-17 years old, 18-24 years old and 45-

54 years old are also disproportionately victimised whilst people aged 55 years old and above are much less likely to be a victim of hate crime.

In terms of split by sex, males account for 65% of hate crime victims which is much higher than would be expected given that males account for

49% of the total Dorset resident population. Previous hate crime research has shown that many hate crime victims face abuse during the course

of their employment, particularly where they work as taxi drivers, takeaway or convenience store staff or other employees coming into contact

with potential offenders through the night-time economy environment. Given that these roles tend to be male dominated, this would explain the

disproportionate victimisation of males.

Female Male Unknown Total: % of total by age % of Mid-2016 population

2 3 - 5 1% 10.4%

16 38 - 54 10% 8.1%

31 47 - 78 14% 8.0%

41 72 - 113 20% 11.1%

39 91 1 131 23% 11.4%

40 51 - 91 16% 13.9%

10 13 - 23 4% 12.6%

5 18 - 23 4% 12.9%

1 3 - 4 1% 7.7%

7 29 - 36 6% N/A

192 365 1 558 100%

Unknown

Total:

25-34

35-44

45-54

55-64

65-74

75-84

18-24

Victim Age & Sex

0-9

10-17


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In terms of the breakdown of hate crime victims by ethnicity, the only comparison available to test for disproportionality is the 2011 Census data.

As the table above shows, whilst White British people account for the majority of hate crime victims by volume (157 actual), they are under-

represented among hate crime victims if their presence within the population as a whole is considered (92% of the total population), with the

lowest hate crime rate of all the ethnic groups. In contrast, the highest crime rate is for those of Black/Black British ethnicity; a rate of 12.2 crimes

per 1,000 population with an over-representation among hate crime victims as they represent 7% of hate crime victims but less than 1% of the

resident Dorset population.

Given that hate crime recorded in Dorset as previously noted is overwhelmingly racial in nature, it is not surprising that those of Black, Asian and

Chinese or Other ethnicity are over-represented among hate crime victims, although the Asian victim crime rate is much lower at 2.75 per 1,000

population. The table below shows how racially motivated crime, and to a lesser extent religious prejudice accounts for nearly all the hate crimes

against this group of victims. Again, the occupations that many of the ethnic minorities are employed within will be affecting the frequency with

which they come into contact with situations which may result in racial abuse being directed towards them e.g. within the night-time economy.

0-9 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 75-84 Unknown Total % of total by ethnicity

% of 2011

Census

population

by ethnicity

Crime Rate per 1,000 popn

(2011 Census based)

- 25 43 22 31 8 2 - 157 27% 91.9% 0.23

- 4 9 17 4 4 - 1 40 7% 4.1% 1.30

1 5 5 5 5 - - - 21 4% 1.3% 2.21

- 1 6 18 12 - - - 39 7% 0.4% 12.16

- 3 6 12 13 - - - 39 7% 1.9% 2.75

1 2 5 7 2 3 - 2 25 4% 0.3% 9.94

- 10 7 19 12 4 1 2 66 12% N/A N/A

3 28 33 38 17 5 1 31 184 32% N/A N/A

5 78 114 138 96 24 4 36 571 100%

65-74

11

-

-

-

23

10-17

15

1

-

2

2

3

4

26

3

-

7

2

Asian/Asian British

Chinese or Other Ethnic Group

Not Stated

Unknown

53

Victims of Hate Crime

White British

White Non British

Mixed

Black/Black British

Total:


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Among the White British population, sexual orientation is the most common reason for a hate crime being recorded against this group (46

crimes) although racially motivated crimes are still prevalent at 43 crimes, followed by 38 disability crimes. It appears slightly incongruous that

racially motivated crime volumes should be so high among White British victims and so additional research into these 43 crimes was conducted

to identify if there were any data quality issues affecting the results.

The result of the research was as follows:

Of the 43 racially motivated hate crimes against White British victims recorded, only 21 of the victims were actually of White British ethnicity

5 of the supposed hate crimes were not hate crimes at all but were linked to prejudice occurrences and so both had been flagged as being hate motivated

Of the remaining 17 hate crimes, the majority related to White non-British victims; German, Polish or other nationality

Age Racial Total:

- 43 155

1 33 40

- 18 21

- 32 39

- 28 39

- 22 24

1 34 66

- 119 182

2 329 566

Disability Religion Sexual Orientation Transgender

White Non British 2 1 1 - 2

Not flagged

White British 38 7 46 12 9

Black/Black British - 2 - - 5

Mixed - 1 1 - 1

Chinese or Other Ethnic Group - 1 1 - -

Asian/Asian British 1 5 - - 5

Unknown 5 13 22 3 20

Not Stated 9 4 10 1 7

Total: 55 34 81 16 49


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Hate Incident Profiling A hate incident is any incident which may or may not constitute a criminal offence, which is perceived by the victim or any other person as being motivated by prejudice or hate. Total recorded hate incidents

Over the 12 months to 30 June 2018, the Force has recorded a total of 276 hate incidents, representing a 12.9% reduction (-41 actual) on the

previous 12 months, in contrast to a rise in hate crimes. Within this overall reduction however, recorded disability motivated hate incidents have

increased by 55%; up from 22 to 34 recorded incidents. It is positive that the category of ‘not recorded’ prejudice type has reduced at a higher

rate to the overall decrease in hate incidents, suggesting an improvement in the recording of hate incident details.

Hate Incident: Victim profile

It is of note that less than half of the hate incidents recorded in the 12 months to 30 June 2018 have a specific victim assigned to them. There are

a number of reasons for this; some are offences against the state rather than a personal victim, the reports have been received via a third party

and so the victim’s details are unknown, the offence is received from a witness rather than victim report or the victim has not been appropriately

Rolling 12

months to 30

June 2017

Rolling 12

months to 30

June 2018

Volume

Change % Change

Disability 22 34 12 54.5%

Racial 167 134 -33 -19.8%

Religion or Belief 25 29 4 16.0%

Sexual Orientation 45 32 -13 -28.9%

Transgender 8 8 0 0.0%

Other/Not Recorded 50 39 -11 -22.0%

Total Hate Incidents 317 276 -41 -12.9%

Change


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flagged as such on Niche. It is Force policy to accept third party and anonymous reports as well as witness only reports in order to build

confidence and contribute to the intelligence picture around the nature of incidents occurring.

However, whatever the reason for the lack of victim information, it does mean that we can only profile a fraction of our hate incident

victims and as a result, the intelligence picture pertaining to these victims will be incomplete. Therefore any commentary about the

data is only made on the basis of this incomplete picture.

As the table above shows, as with hate crimes, people aged between 35 years old and 44 years old are the most likely to be a victim of a hate

incident, accounting for 22% of victims, followed by 19% of victims being aged between 45-54 years old and 18% aged between 25 and 34 years

old. Each of these age groups are also over-represented among hate incident victims when compared to their presence within the overall Dorset

population (between 11% and 14% each). Those aged 10-17 years old are also disproportionately victimised. Those aged 18-24 years old or 75-

84 years old are notably under-represented among hate incident victims. In the case of the older age group this may be due to their lifestyle

meaning that they have less opportunity to come into contact with a potential hate incident offender whilst for those aged 18-24 years old, who

Victim Age & Sex Female Male Unknown Total

% of total by

age

% of Mid-2016

population

0-9 - - - - - 10.4%

10-17 2 10 - 12 9.6% 8.1%

18-24 4 2 - 6 4.8% 8.0%

25-34 9 14 - 23 18.4% 11.1%

35-44 12 14 1 27 21.6% 11.4%

45-54 10 14 - 24 19.2% 13.9%

55-64 7 4 - 11 8.8% 12.6%

65-74 6 6 - 12 9.6% 12.9%

75-84 - 2 - 2 1.6% 7.7%

Unknown 5 2 1 8 6.4% N/A

Total 55 68 2 125 100%


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were notably over-represented among hate crime victims, it may be that their threshold for reporting incidents is higher and so whilst they will

report crimes, they are more likely to just accept a certain level of prejudice without reporting.

In terms of split by sex, males account for 54% of hate incident victims which is slightly higher than would be expected given that males account

for 49% of the total Dorset resident population. Females by contrast are under-represented among hate incident victims at 44% compared to a

51% resident female population. This difference may again relate to the situations within which prejudice tends to be triggered and the reduced

prevalence of women within such environments.

In terms of the breakdown of hate incident victims by ethnicity, the only comparison available to test for disproportionality is the 2011 Census

data. As the table above shows, whilst White British people account for the majority of hate incident victims by volume where their ethnicity is

recorded (38 actual), they are under-represented among hate incident victims if their presence within the population as a whole is considered

(92% of the total population), with the lowest hate incident rate of all the ethnic groups. In contrast, the highest incident rate is for those of

Chinese or Other Ethnic Group; a rate of 1.2 incidents per 1,000 population although this relates to just 3 victims, but they are over-represented

among hate incident victims as they represent 2% of hate incident victims but less than 0.5% of the resident Dorset population. In fact, all other

minority ethnic groups are over-represented among hate incident victims which is perhaps not surprising as racially motivated incidents account

for the majority of the incidents and these will tend to be directed towards minority groups.

10-17 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 75-84 Unknown Total

% of total by

ethnicity

% of 2011 Census

population by

ethnicity

Crime Rate per 1,000

popn (2011 Census

based)

3 8 9 8 3 1 - 38 29.9% 91.9% 0.06

- 2 6 4 1 - - 14 11.0% 4.1% 0.45

2 2 - 1 - - - 5 3.9% 1.3% 0.53

- 1 - 1 - - - 2 1.6% 0.4% 0.62

- 3 2 - - - - 5 3.9% 1.9% 0.35

- - - 1 1 - 1 3 2.4% 0.3% 1.19

2 - 4 3 2 - - 16 12.6% N/A N/A

6 7 7 6 4 1 7 44 34.6% N/A N/A

13 23 28 24 11 2 8 127 100.0%

5

1

-

-

126

-

-

2

3

18-24

1

-

-

-

-

-

3

3

65-74Victims of Hate Incidents

White British

White Non British

Mixed

Black/Black British

Asian/Asian British

Chinese or Other Ethnic Group

Not Stated

Unknown

Total


21

Serious Sexual Offence Profiling

Over the 12 months to 30 June 2018, the volume of serious sexual offences recorded in Dorset has increased by 14.4%, continuing a longer

term increasing trend since the exposure of a series of national scandals concerning sexual abuse being perpetrated by celebrities and figures in

authority, starting with the Savile enquiry in 2012.

The table above shows that in the last year there have been notable increases in almost all types of serious sexual offences, particularly female

sexual assaults (+25%, +122 actual) and to a lesser extent female rape (+34 actual, +6.6%). The rise in the category of ‘other serious sexual’

mainly concerns young people being caused to engage in sexual activity.

A sizeable proportion of these serious sexual offences will be non-recent allegations, which makes the investigations more complex and as a

result, positive outcome rates for serious sexual offences have fallen in recent years, except in relation to male rapes although the starting point

of 1.6% was an extremely low base.

The fact that no positive outcomes have been secured for the 12 months to 30 June 2018 in respect of other serious sexual offences and sexual

activity of a child under 13 warrants further investigation in order to ensure that a lack of Positive Outcomes does not reflect a lack of Force focus

on these crimes. The table below shows the breakdown of outcome types for these two categories of serious sexual offences.

Change in

PO Rate


Other Serious Sexual 25 16.0% 40 - 15 60.0% -16.0%

Rape Female 514 3.7% 548 3.1% 34 6.6% -0.6%

Rape Male 63 1.6% 56 8.9% -7 -11.1% 7.3%

Sexual Activity Child Under 13 61 18.0% 73 - 12 19.7% -18.0%

Sexual Assault Female 482 15.4% 604 9.8% 122 25.3% -5.6%

Sexual Assault Male 109 11.9% 114 6.1% 5 4.6% -5.8%

Total 1,254 9.7% 1,435 6.1% 181 14.4% -3.6%


30 June 2017


30 June 2018

Change in Recorded

Crime


22

Other Serious Sexual Sexual Activity Child Under 13

Total Serious Sexual

Offences

Outcome Type

Volume of offences with this outcome

% of total outcomes

Volume of offences with this

outcome

% of total outcomes

% of total outcomes

10: Police - formal action not in public interest 3 8% 2 3% 1%

11: Named suspect below age of criminal responsibility

0 0% 5 7% 1%

14: Victim declines/unable to support action to identify offender

2 5% 1 1% 12%

15: CPS - named suspect, victim supports but evidential difficulties

1 3% 0 0% 2%

15: Police - named suspect, victim supports but evidential difficulties

4 10% 2 3% 17%

16: Victim declines/withdraws support - named suspect identified

8 20% 3 4% 20%

18: Investigation complete no suspect identified 2 5% 16 22% 7%

20: Other body/agency has investigation primacy 1 3% 13 18% 6%

21: Police - named suspect, investigation not in the public interest

4 10% 9 12% 2%

5: Offender has died 1 3% 0 0% 1%

New – Under Investigation 14 35% 22 30% 26%

Grand Total 40

73

113

The outcomes breakdown in the table above enables some inferences to be drawn about the reasons for the lack of positive outcomes among

the offences of ‘other serious sexual’ and ‘sexual activity child under 13’.


23

Research into the data shows that the majority of these offences do indeed relate to sharing of indecent images among children and teenagers.

As a result, prosecution is not deemed to be an appropriate resolution and instead there is SSCT involvement and/or words of advice given to

the children involved by either Police or a partner agency.

Further research has actually identified that the reason for the high proportion of sexual activity with a child under 13 offences that have an

outcome of ‘investigation closed – no suspect identified’ is because these offences are being committed online by contact being made with the

victim by an unknown suspect, who is not able to be traced as part of a proportionate response to the level of risk faced by the victim. The

outcomes are being recorded correctly.

What this research shows is that there is a valid reason for why a higher proportion of serious sexual offence investigations are being closed

without a named suspect being identified and so there are no concerns raised in relation to this dataset in terms of victim treatment or

investigative standard.


24

Serious Sexual Offences (SSO): Victim profiling

As the table above shows, there are significant gaps in our knowledge around the ethnicity of serious sexual offence victims within Dorset, with

48% of victims’ ethnicity in the 12 months to 30 June 2018 being unknown/not stated. As such, it is impossible to analyse the ethnic profile of our

serious sexual offence victims with any confidence as to it reflecting the reality of the situation.

Based on the data we do have recorded, White British people are under-represented among serious sexual offence victims, accounting for 49%

of victims but 92% of the total population. However, it is reasonable to assume that a large proportion of the unknown/not stated ethnicities may

well be White British. White non-British and Asian victims are also shown to be under-represented according to the victim data recorded (as

highlighted in the earlier section Victimisation by Crime Type). In contrast, there is some minor over-representation apparent among victims of

Black ethnicity and Chinese or Other Ethnic Group, with these two groups accounting for the highest crime rates although this disproportionate

victimisation among this group may be higher than the data suggests if some of the unknown ethnicities were replaced by the actual ethnicity of

the person.

Victims of Serious Sexual Offences 0-9 10-17 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75-84 85 plus Unknown Total:

% of total by

ethnicity

% of 2011

Census

population by

ethnicity

Crime Rate per 1,000

popn (2011 Census

based)

White British 26 163 157 142 112 85 27 7 3 - - 722 49% 92% 0.97

White Non British - 1 1 9 3 - - - - - - 14 1% 4% 0.45

Mixed - 4 2 2 1 - - - - - - 9 1% 1% 0.95

Black/Black British - 1 2 3 1 2 - - - - - 9 1% 0% 2.81

Asian/Asian British - 2 2 1 1 - - - - - - 6 0% 2% 0.42

Chinese or Other Ethnic Group 1 2 1 1 3 1 - - - - - 9 1% 0% 3.58

Not Stated 6 64 48 24 19 15 3 3 2 - - 184 13% N/A N/A

Unknown 58 154 85 80 39 38 18 3 4 8 24 511 35% N/A N/A

Total: 91 391 298 262 179 141 48 13 9 8 24 1464 100%


25

Serious Sexual Offence (SSO) Victims by Age & Sex

As the table above shows, those aged 10-17 years old are most at risk of being a victim of a serious sexual offence, accounting for 27% of

victims which demonstrates an over-representation when compared to the prevalence of this age group within the population as a whole, which

is 8%. It should be noted however that due to the volume of non-recent allegations (approximately 30%), there will be some skewing of the age

data as it has to be based on the victim’s age at the time of the report and so an adult survivor of child sexual abuse will be recorded as their

adult age rather than as a child meaning that there is likely to be even greater disproportionality in the victimisation of children than the data itself

reflects. Those aged 18-24 years old are also more likely to be a victim of a SSO, representing 20% of victims and again being over-represented

among victims. To a lesser degree, those aged 25-34 years old are also disproportionately victimised but from age 45 onwards, the risk of being

a victim of a serious sexual offence reduces with age.

Relatively speaking, there are still few males reporting sexual offences and significantly less than their prevalence within the general population

would suggest. Male victims account for just 14.2% of SSO victims whilst they represent 49% of the resident Dorset population. Although the

Victims of SSO Female Male Unknown Total: % of total by age % of Mid-2016 population

0-9 50 39 - 89 6% 10.4%

10-17 344 34 1 379 27% 8.1%

18-24 254 34 - 288 20% 8.0%

25-34 230 26 1 257 18% 11.1%

35-44 144 30 - 174 12% 11.4%

45-54 114 22 - 136 10% 13.9%

55-64 40 7 - 47 3% 12.6%

65-74 9 3 - 12 1% 12.9%

75-84 8 1 - 9 1% 7.7%

85 plus 6 2 - 8 1% 3.8%

Unknown 20 4 - 24 2% 100%

Total: 1219 202 1 1423


26

number of male victims reporting has been increasing in recent years, probably encouraged by national scandals that have exposed abuse of

young boys, it is suspected that incidents of sexual offences involving male victims are under-reported.

The graph below shows the mix of serious sexual offences being recorded by the age of the victim. It should be noted however that due to the

volume of non-recent allegations (approximately 30%), there will be some skewing of the age data as it has to be based on the victim’s age at

the time of the report and so an adult survivor of child sexual abuse will be recorded as their adult age rather than as a child.


27

Some key points taken from the graph above are as follows:

Male victims are more likely to be found within the 0-9 year old and 85 plus age categories, possibly because at these ages the offences are being reported on their behalf by family/other third parties.

Rapes are most prevalent among the 35-44 year old age range ( 30% of which are domestic – see table below)

Those aged 75-84 years old are at low risk of rape with none recorded among this age group in the 12 months to 30 June 2018

Domestic versus non-domestic serious sexual offences

Those aged 35-44 years old are most at risk of a domestic-related serious sexual offence with domestic offences accounting for 30% of the total

among this age group; notably higher than the 14% average. According to the data, those aged 10-17 years old and those aged 18-24 years old

are the most at risk of non-domestic sexual offences.

There were only 7 Black and Minority Ethnic Group victims who reported a domestic serious sexual offence in the 12 months to 30 June 2018,

with this low volume likely to reflect under-reporting as highlighted on pages 10/11 and within the Community Profile.

SSO Victims Non-Domestic

% non-

domestic Domestic % domestic Total

0-9 88 100% - 0% 88

10-17 366 97% 13 3% 379

18-24 251 87% 36 13% 287

25-34 202 78% 56 22% 258

35-44 121 70% 52 30% 173

45-54 110 81% 26 19% 136

55-64 39 83% 8 17% 47

65-74 11 92% 1 8% 12

75-84 9 100% - 0% 9

85 plus 8 100% - 0% 8

Unknown 24 100% - 0% 24

Total: 1229 86% 192 14% 1421


28

Non-domestic violent assaults

Non-domestic violent assaults covers assaults from non-injury common assaults up to Actual Bodily Harm (Assault with injury) and then GBH

and attempt murder contained under the heading of most serious violence. It is effectively a sub-category of the broader ‘violence against the

person’ which also includes offences such as malicious communications which are not considered relevant for this particular assessment.

Victims of non-domestic violent assaults

Rolling 12 months to 30

June 2017

Rolling 12 months to 30

June 2018

Change in Recorded

Crime

Change in PO Rate

Crimes PO

Rate Crimes PO

Rate Actual % + / - % + / -

Assault With Injury 3,212 28.1% 4,043 25.1% 831 25.9% -3.0%

Common Assault 3,723 22.2% 4,343 18.6% 620 16.7% -3.6%

Most Serious Violent Crime 142 45.1% 157 37.6% 15 10.6% -7.5%

Total 7,072 25.4% 8,498 22.1% 1,426 20.2% -3.3%

There has been a 20% increase in non-domestic violent assaults over the 12 months to 30 June 2018, with sizeable increases in assault with

injury (+26%, +831 offences) and common assault (+17%, +620 crimes) particularly. Over the same period, the positive outcome rate has

reduced slightly by 3.3 percentage points with a notable reduction in relation to most serious violence which tend to be more complex

investigations and so this may just reflect a lag in securing a positive outcome.


29

Non-domestic violent assaults: Victim profiling

As the table above shows, White British people are by far the most at risk from a non-domestic violent assault, accounting for 53% of victims,

although they are under-represented among victims of this crime type if their prevalence within the Dorset resident population as a whole is

considered. The highest crime rates are instead among those of Black or Chinese/Other Ethnic Group, both with over 25 crimes per 1,000

population, and a slight over-representation among victims based on 2011 Census data.

As with other crime types, there is a large proportion of victims for whom their ethnicity is not recorded/unknown (40% of the total) and so the

conclusions drawn above are only based on a 60% sample of recorded victim data by ethnicity.

Black victims are most likely to be aged 35-44 years old with those of Chinese/Other Ethnic Group mainly between the ages of 25-44 years old.

Further research into these over-represented victims indicates the following:

Victims of non-domestic violent

assaults 0-9 10-17 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75-84 85 plus Unknown Total

% of total by

ethnicity

% of 2011

Census

population by

ethnicity

Crime Rate

per 1,000 popn

(2011 Census

based)

White British 144 616 862 968 752 653 326 127 41 12 9 4510 53% 92% 6.60

White Non British 2 8 30 71 70 23 5 3 1 - 1 214 3% 4% 6.94

Mixed 2 11 10 19 9 11 6 - - - - 68 1% 1% 7.15

Black/Black British 3 13 12 7 30 15 2 - - - - 82 1% 0% 25.56

Asian/Asian British 2 10 12 24 29 11 4 1 - - - 93 1% 2% 6.56

Chinese or Other Ethnic Group 1 8 4 17 16 12 3 - - - 3 64 1% 0% 25.46

Not Stated 32 208 155 160 140 120 85 43 10 4 4 961 11% N/A N/A

Unknown 166 397 411 325 244 196 109 69 43 14 528 2502 29% N/A N/A

Total: 352 1271 1496 1591 1290 1041 540 243 95 30 545 8494 100%


30

Black victims aged 35-44 years old

38% (11 actual) of the 35-44 year old Black victims are in occupations where confrontations are more likely – e.g. security guards or taxi drivers, which may explain their over-representation among victims

4 repeat victims are present within the 35-44 year old Black victims; 2 of these were repeat victims in the course of their occupation – one as a taxi driver and the other who was assaulted by a resident at the supported accommodation facility at which they worked.

6 of the violent assaults against Black people were recorded as being racially motivated; all but one of these crimes was a non-injury assault

The racially motivated assaults did not appear to be specifically linked to the victim’s occupation, except on one occasion.

Chinese or Other Ethnic group victims aged 25-34 or 35-44 years old

42% (14 actual) of the 25-44 year old Chinese/Other Ethnic Group victims are in occupations where confrontations are more likely – e.g. security guards or taxi drivers, which may explain their over-representation among victims.

5 repeat victims are present within the 25-44 year old Chinese or Other Ethnic Group victims; 2 of these were repeat victims in the course of their occupation – one as a shop manager dealing with shoplifters and the other a taxi driver. One of the repeat victims was a mother who was assaulted on two separate occasions by her 12 year old son.

3 of the violent assaults against Chinese/Other Ethnic group victims were recorded as being racially motivated; all occurring in the course of the victim’s job (Shop manager, taxi driver, mental health nurse).


31

Victim Profile: By Age & Sex

By age group, the table above shows an over-representation of victims of non-domestic violent assaults across all age groups from 10-17 years

old up to 35-44 years old with the proportion of victims then declining by age from that point onwards. The greatest risk of being a victim of this

crime type is for those aged 18-24 years old; 17.4% of victims whilst they only account for 8% of the total resident population in Dorset. It is likely

that this age group is more prevalent among victims because of their presence within the popular night-time economy areas across the County

where the chance of coming into conflict with others, particularly after consumption of excess alcohol, is heightened.

Males are also most at risk of this offence type, accounting for 63.9% of victims whilst representing 49% of the total Dorset population.

Victims of non-domestic

violent assaults Female Male Unknown Total:

% of total by

age

% of Mid-2016

population

0-9 133 215 - 348 4.2% 10.4%

10-17 482 757 3 1242 14.8% 8.1%

18-24 475 983 - 1458 17.4% 8.0%

25-34 508 1,059 - 1567 18.7% 11.1%

35-44 517 759 2 1278 15.3% 11.4%

45-54 393 639 1 1033 12.3% 13.9%

55-64 195 332 1 528 6.3% 12.6%

65-74 81 162 - 243 2.9% 12.9%

75-84 43 52 - 95 1.1% 7.7%

85 plus 21 9 - 30 0.4% 3.8%

Unknown 129 383 33 545 6.5% N/A

Total: 2977 5350 40 8367 100%


32

Domestic Abuse Profiling

In the 12 months to 30 June 2018, the volume of domestic abuse crimes recorded in Dorset increased by 16.1% (+899 actual). This increase is

thought to reflect the increased confidence of people to report such crimes to police as well as improvements in recording practices.

Change in

PO Rate


Force Total 5,590 30.9% 6,489 26.6% 899 16.1% -4.4%

Change in

PO Rate


Burglary Other 3 - 1 - -2 -66.7% -

Criminal Damage 492 43.3% 531 38.2% 39 7.9% -5.1%

Drug Offences 28 96.4% 27 96.3% -1 -3.6% -0.1%

Dwelling Burglary 43 32.6% 45 37.8% 2 4.7% 5.2%

Non Crime 14 14.3% 28 3.6% 14 100.0% -10.7%

Other Offences 31 48.4% 50 34.0% 19 61.3% -14.4%

Possession of Weapons 8 50.0% 18 72.2% 10 125.0% 22.2%

Public Order 312 48.7% 296 42.9% -16 -5.1% -5.8%

Robbery 7 42.9% 13 46.2% 6 85.7% 3.3%

Sexual Offences 191 9.4% 194 7.7% 3 1.6% -1.7%

Theft 114 21.1% 119 7.6% 5 4.4% -13.5%

Theft From Motor Vehicle 2 - 2 - 0 0.0% -

Theft of Motor Vehicle 14 35.7% 24 16.7% 10 71.4% -19.0%

Violence Against the Person 4,331 28.9% 5,147 25.0% 816 18.8% -3.9%

Total 5,590 30.9% 6,489 26.6% 899 16.1% -4.4%


30 June 2017


30 June 2017


30 June 2018


30 June 2018

Change in Recorded

Crime

Change in Recorded

Crime


33

Despite the rise in crime volumes, the Positive Outcome rate has only reduced slightly, and at a rate of 26.6% remains higher than the overall PO

rate for total crime. The largest volume increase is in relation to violence against the person offences which account for almost all the increase. It

is worth noting that with the exception of sexual offences, theft and vehicle crime, the positive outcome rates for domestic flagged crimes is

greater than the Force average, reflecting the severity of the offences as domestic offences can be harder to secure victim engagement because

of the history between the two parties.

Domestic abuse: Victim profiling

Victims of Black ethnicity are the only group to show a degree of over-representation among domestic abuse victims; accounting for 0.6% of

victims but only 0.4% of the Dorset resident population. All other ethnicities show an under-representation among victims. The crime rate is

highest among those of Black ethnicity at 12.2 domestic abuse crimes per 1,000 Black people, compared to a rate of 8.8 crimes per 1,000

population overall.

The under-representation among other ethnic groups may reflect a greater degree of under-reporting among these ethnicities, but there is no

data available to test this hypothesis.

As the table below shows, the majority of domestic abuse victims are aged between 25-34 years old or 35-44 years old (27% and 23% of the

total respectively), with both age groups being over-represented among victims when their overall prevalence within the resident Dorset

population is considered. Younger adults aged 18-24 years old are also over-represented among domestic abuse victims, with over twice as

many victims as would be expected (19% of the total). In contrast, those aged 55 and over, are under-represented among domestic abuse

victims with the proportion of victims reducing with age.

Victims of domestic abuse 0-9 10-17 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75-84 85 plus Unknown Total:

% of total by

ethnicity

% of 2011 Census

population by

ethnicity

Crime Rate per

1,000 popn (2011

Census based)

White British 23 159 815 1,252 1,004 678 250 88 33 13 3 4318 65.9% 91.9% 5.8

White Non British 3 8 15 82 78 22 4 1 - - - 213 3.3% 4.1% 6.9

Mixed 1 - 10 17 11 6 - - - - - 45 0.7% 1.3% 4.7

Black/Black British - 4 4 12 9 7 3 - - - - 39 0.6% 0.4% 12.2

Asian/Asian British 2 3 7 13 9 6 4 - - - - 44 0.7% 1.9% 3.1

Chinese or Other Ethnic Group - 2 4 2 10 4 - - - - - 22 0.3% 0.3% 8.8

Not Stated 3 39 195 131 139 103 53 21 3 2 - 689 10.5% N/A N/A

Unknown 26 52 201 286 236 152 93 39 21 10 64 1180 18.0% N/A N/A

Total: 58 267 1251 1795 1496 978 407 149 57 25 67 6550 100%


34

Victims are overwhelmingly female based on the data recorded, accounting for 76% of victims whilst they account for 51% of the resident Dorset

population, indicating that they are disproportionately victimised. Males on the other hand are under-represented; 24% of the victims but 49% of

the total population. Whilst there is likely to be some under-reporting of domestic abuse across both sexes, males tend to be more reluctant to

report domestic and sexual offences so the figures below likely do not reflect the full picture.

Victims with learning disabilities

Within Niche, it is possible to identify those victims who are flagged as having a learning disability. Unfortunately, there is no specific flag

available for other types of disability e.g. mental ill-health.

Victims of domestic abuse Female Male Unknown Total % of total by age % of Mid-2016 population

0-9 35 23 - 58 1% 10.4%

10-17 183 77 - 260 4% 8.1%

18-24 963 236 - 1199 19% 8.0%

25-34 1,385 381 - 1766 27% 11.1%

35-44 1,177 295 2 1474 23% 11.4%

45-54 705 265 2 972 15% 13.9%

55-64 266 136 - 402 6% 12.6%

65-74 94 54 - 148 2% 12.9%

75-84 39 18 - 57 1% 7.7%

85 plus 20 5 - 25 0% 3.8%

Unknown 25 39 2 66 1% N/A

Total: 4892 1529 6 6427 100%


35

The table below provides the age and sex breakdown of those victims with a learning disability who were the subject of a crime which was

reported in the 12 months to 30 June 2018. A comparison has been provided with the age & sex breakdown of all crime victims over the same

period in case this highlights any discrepancies which may be of concern from an equality perspective.

It is clear from the data in the table above that 10-17 year old victims with a learning disability are disproportionately represented among crime

victims for both sexes; 15% of female victims with a learning disability are aged 10-17 years old compared to 9% of female victims overall being

10-17 years old. A similar pattern is present for 10-17 year old males; 16% of male victims with learning disabilities are within this age group

compared to 8% of all male crime victims.

There is also notable over-representation of 18-24 year olds with learning disabilities among crime victims for both sexes and 35% of female

crime victims with learning disabilities are 25-34 years old compared to 24% of total female crime victims, showing a greater likelihood of being a

victim of crime within this age group if the victim has a learning disability.

Beyond this age, the data seems to suggest that becoming a victim of crime is less likely among people with learning disabilities than within the

population of that age as a whole.

Crime victims with learning disability Female % female Male % male Total:

% Female (TOTAL

victims)

% male (TOTAL

victims)

0-9 years 0 0% 1 0% 1 0% 0%

10-17 years 37 15% 98 16% 135 9% 8%

18-24 years 55 22% 156 25% 211 18% 16%

25-34 years 86 35% 151 24% 237 24% 22%

35-44 years 43 17% 85 14% 128 21% 21%

45-54 years 25 10% 91 15% 116 18% 21%

55-64 years 3 1% 37 6% 40 9% 11%

65-74 years 0 0% 2 0% 2 0% 1%

Total: 249 621 870

Victims with a learning disability ALL victims


36

Crime Type for Victims with a learning disability

The table below shows the mix of crimes to which victims with a learning disability and all victims have been subjected to in the 12 months to 30

June 2018. The reasoning behind this table is to identify if there is a difference in the crime profile for victims with learning disabilities compared

to victims as a whole.

As the data shows, the majority of victims across both victim groups (those with a learning disability and total victims) were subjected to a form of

violence against the person crime, although there was a far greater concentration within this category for those with a learning disability (62%

compared to 40% respectively). In contrast, people with a learning disability were less likely to be a victim of criminal damage, dwelling burglary

Crimes with a learning

disability victim% of total crime ALL Crimes % of total crime

Burglary Other 2 0% 1143 3%

Criminal Damage 53 6% 5449 14%

Dwelling Burglary 29 3% 2679 7%

Other Offences 9 1% 246 1%

Possession of Weapons 4 0% 65 0%

Public Order 57 7% 1751 4%

Robbery 19 2% 316 1%

Sexual Offences 41 5% 1709 4%

Theft 98 11% 7567 19%

Theft From Motor Vehicle 4 0% 2327 6%

Theft of Motor Vehicle 10 1% 651 2%

Violence Against the Person 535 62% 15729 40%

Total 861 39632


37

or vehicle crime and this may reflect the nature of their disability in that they may not own a vehicle and may live in assisted accommodation and

so be less likely to be burgled.


38

Dorset Police Workforce

The Police Workforce data shown in the tables below has been taken from the latest Home Office compiled data, for the position as at 31 March

2018. They have been included within this Strategic Assessment in order to assess how well the workforce reflects the resident Dorset

population in terms of age, sex and ethnicity.

Sex profile

As the graph below shows, the total Dorset Police Workforce (officers and staff2) is 57% male and 43% female, which represents an over-

representation of males within the workforce and under-representation of females who comprise 49% and 51% of the total resident population in

Dorset respectively.

This over-representation of males is even more pronounced when considering Officers alone; 73% of police officers are male, whilst females are

over-represented within Police Staff roles, accounting for 60% of the Police Staff workforce.

2 Full-time equivalents (FTE)


39

Age profile

In terms of age of the workforce, the table below shows the Dorset Police headcount by age range and then provides a comparison with the

percentage of the working age resident population that this age range represents. The data shows that 45% of the Dorset Police workforce is

aged 41-55 years old; a higher proportion than is seen in the working age population as a whole (32%), although there is a smaller than average

proportion of workers who are aged 56-66 years old within Dorset Police which is likely to reflect the earlier retirement age of police officers.

Dorset Police also has a smaller proportion of 16-25 year olds within its workforce; a third of the size of the working age population within Dorset

as a whole. Whilst apprenticeships will be helping to bring younger people into the organisation, limited police officer recruitment will be

impacting on those aged 18 years and over who are joining the Force.

*Current retirement age

Ethnicity Profile

The table below shows that the Dorset Police workforce as at 31 March 2018 is not representative of the total resident population in Dorset,

based on the latest ethnicity data from the 2011 Census. The ethnicity of 15% of the workforce is unknown, but where it has been recorded,

there is apparent under-representation within the workforce of all ethnic groups, including White. In particular though, there is notable under-

representation among those of Asian ethnicity, accounting for just 0.3% of the workforce but 1.9% of the total resident population. Similarly, those

of Mixed ethnicity represent 0.8% of the workforce but 1.3% of the total population. With Dorset’s population expected to have become more

ethnically diverse since 2011 Census, the scale of the disproportionality shown in the table below may in fact be an under-estimate.

Age range Headcount (Dorset Police) % of total workforce % of working age popn MYE 2016

16-25 years 182 6% 18%

26 to 40 years 1022 36% 27%

41 to 55 years 1261 45% 32%

56 - 66 years* 344 12% 22%

Grand Total 2809 100% 100%


40

Rank by Sex

The table below explores the split of ranks by sex within Dorset Police and then compares this with the national average, as at 31 March 2018. At

Chief Officer rank, the 2 female officers within Dorset Police actually represent a slightly higher than average proportion (0.2%) although with no

female Chief Superintendents, females are under-represented at this rank. There is greater parity among the sexes at Superintendent level;

0.4% of females are at this rank compared to 0.6% of males, with the female proportion being slightly above the national average (0.3%). At

Chief Inspector level, Dorset is in line with the national average for females at 0.5%, although males are disproportionately represented at this

rank within Dorset; 1.5% of males compared to 1.0% nationally.

Male officers are also more likely to reach Inspector level than their female counterparts within Dorset; 3.9% of males compared to 1.3% of

females. Finally, the proportion of constables across both sexes is notably lower than the national average; 26% of the female workforce in

Dorset are constables compared to 37% nationally whilst male constables in the workforce account for 46% of the total in Dorset compared to

55% nationally. Females are also under-represented within the rank of Sergeant (4.4% compared to 11% for males), with their proportion within

Dorset Police being lower than the national average of 5.1% of females within Forces being Sergeants.

Ethnicity of Police Staff/Officer FTEs (Dorset Police)

% of

workforce

% of total 2011

Census popn

Asian or Asian British 8.36 0.3% 1.9%

Black or Black British 2 0.1% 0.4%

Chinese or Other Ethnic Group 1.6 0.1% 0.3%

Mixed 20.78 0.8% 1.3%

Not stated 378.2 15.1% N/A

White 2100.92 83.6% 96.0%

Grand Total 2511.86


41

Rank Female FTE % female Male FTE % male Grand Total % female % male

Chief Inspector 5 0.5% 21 1.5% 26 0.5% 1.0%

Chief Officer 2 0.2% 2 0.1% 4 0.1% 0.1%

Chief Superintendent 0 0.0% 4 0.3% 4 0.1% 0.2%

Community Support Officer 51.09 4.8% 71.43 5.0% 122.52 5.6% 4.7%

Constable 272.9 25.5% 668.66 46.4% 941.56 36.9% 55.2%

Designated Detention Officer (S.38) 12.61 1.2% 23 1.6% 35.61 1.1% 1.0%

Designated Detention Officer (S.39) 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.2% 0.1%

Designated Escort Officer (S.38) 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0.0%

Designated Escort Officer (S.39) 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0.0%

Designated Investigation Officer (S.38) 8.3 0.8% 23.68 1.6% 31.98 1.3% 0.7%

Inspector 13.9 1.3% 56 3.9% 69.9 1.6% 3.7%

Police Staff 654.32 61.1% 404.12 28.0% 1058.44 47.2% 20.6%

Sergeant 46.91 4.4% 158.93 11.0% 205.84 5.1% 12.1%

Superintendent 4 0.4% 8 0.6% 12 0.3% 0.6%

Traffic Warden 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0.0%

Grand Total 1071.03 100.0% 1440.82 100.0% 2511.85 100.0% 100.0%

Officer Rank by Sex - Dorset Police Officer Rank by Sex (All Forces)


42

Confidence and Satisfaction

The latest diversity analysis of Community Safety Survey data for 2017/18 shows that 63% of the surveyed population of Dorset felt that Dorset

Police are doing a good or excellent job. Those from the BAME population record a similar level of confidence (65%) as do those with a long-

standing illness or disability. It is encouraging to note that responses from the BAME population (although small in volume) are generally more

positive than those of White respondents in terms of their view on policing in Dorset. 77% of BAME respondents have confidence in their local

police, compared to 73% of White people. Similarly, 71% of BAME respondents agree that Dorset Police understands the issues affecting their

community, compared to 56% of White respondents. In terms of treatment by police, BAME respondents are also more likely to agree that the

Police would treat them with respect and treats all people with appropriate care and understanding (91% and 84% respectively compared to 86%

and 72% respectively for all respondents).

However, it is concerning that 29% of people with a long-standing illness or disability feel that Dorset Police are doing a poor or very poor job,

compared to a 6% average. Most other measures show similar levels of confidence or support for policing as the general surveyed population so

this result seems incongruous with the general picture from disabled respondents.

Apart from this, the only notable discrepancy is in respect of the results by sex which shows that males are less likely to think that Dorset Police

is doing a good or excellent job; 59% of Males agree with this statement compared to 66% of females.

Across many of the questions asked about policing within the Community Safety Survey, the response from males is less positive than that from

females. Whilst 77% of females reported that they had confidence in their local police in Dorset, the result for males was 70%. Similarly, 50% of

male respondents felt that Dorset Police understands the issues affecting their community, whilst this increased to 62% for females. Even in

terms of provision of information, whilst 73% of females agreed that Dorset Police provides them with the information they need, this was lower at

54% for males.

There is definitely a sense of male residents having a lower opinion of policing in Dorset; whether that is in relation to the sufficiency of

information provided by police, understanding of the issues facing the community or the Force’s ability to deal with serious and organised crime

effectively. In addition, in respect of questions relating to the fair treatment of the public, 67% of males agreed that Dorset Police treat all people

with appropriate care and understanding; 10 percentage points lower than the 77% recorded for females asked the same question and 82% of

male respondents said their local policing team would treat them with respect if they had to contact them which although a high result is still lower

than the 90% agreement from female respondents.

Interestingly, fear of crime does not appear to be greater among males so this cannot explain the differential in responses from males and

females.


43

Views on policing by age

Very few responses to the Community Safety Survey are received back from those aged 16-24 years old; just 11 respondents during 2017/18

which means that it is hard to rely on what the data tells us about this age group as it is such a small sample. However, what the data does

suggest is that young people have a much less favourable view of policing in Dorset and anticipated treatment by police.

It is those aged 35-44 years old however that appear the least tolerant age group and who may therefore be most likely to trigger community

tensions. 11% of 35-44 year old respondents state that they have become less tolerant of other groups; higher than the 5% average, although

still a relatively low proportion of the whole population.

The latest victim satisfaction data covers the 12 months to 30 June 2018 and represents the results from the surveying of a sample of victims of

dwelling burglary, violence and hate crime/incidents. In terms of differences in satisfaction levels by age, victims aged 25-34 years are the least

satisfied with the whole experience; 71.9% satisfaction compared to a 75.5% average. In contrast, it is interesting to note that whilst those aged

16-24 years old within the Community Safety Survey were likely to have a less favourable view of policing, among victims, this age group is one

of the most satisfied, which may be due to them having a low expectation at the start of the process. In terms of satisfaction with the whole

experience and the fairness with which they feel they were treated, victims aged 16-24 years old report above average levels of satisfaction for

these two measures.

Another anomaly worth mentioning concerns the below average satisfaction levels among older (55+) hate crime/incident victims. Although the

volumes in the sample for this age range and crime type are relatively small, the results show that less than 75% feel that they were treated with

fairness, compared to an 88% average, whilst less than 57% were satisfied with the whole experience; lower than the 76.9% average among

hate crime/incident victims.

A further discrepancy within the victim satisfaction data which highlights a potential equality issue relates to victims who have a long-standing

illness/disability and the lower level of satisfaction which they report. There is almost a 10 percentage point gap in overall satisfaction levels

between those victims who have a long-standing illness/disability and those who don’t (67.8% and 77.2% respectively). For all measures of

satisfaction, those with a disability are less satisfied with below average satisfaction in respect of the fairness with which they were treated

(85.3% compared to 90.8%) and satisfaction with how the police took account of their personal circumstances (78.1% compared to average of

83.8%).

It should be recognised however that these satisfaction levels are still relatively high, but it is right that as a service we strive to improve further

and eradicate any inequalities (perceived or otherwise) in the service that is being provided to our communities.

Documents

NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED - Dorset Police...NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED 18-24 yrs old 3 The table on total arrests by age shows that arrest rates are highest for those aged 18-24 years old