Notes from the Tanjur

7/30/2019 Notes from the Tanjur

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Notes from the TanjurAuthor(s): F. W. ThomasSource: Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, (Oct., 1904), pp.733-743

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733

XXXIII.NOTES FROM THE TANJUR.

By F. W. THOMAS, M.ll.A.S.

6. The J?takam?l? ofHaribhat\a.A IIITMEllTO, I believe, unknown collection of Jittakas,*~ bearing the above title, is to bo found in the Tanjur

(Mdo, xcii, foil. 1-229). It is, as may be seen, a work ofconsiderable extent, though the number of the stories isno more than thirty-five, in three decades plus five. Thedetailed examination of this probably not uninterestingwork may be left to those who devote special attention tothis class of writings. But I may here collect the factsrecorded concerning the author, and append the com

mencement of the book, the titles of the stories, and thecolophons, together with as adequate a translation of theseas I can provisionally present. The folio numbers givenin the margin refer to the India Office edition and (whenin brackets) tho *red ' edition of St. Petersburg.Of Uaribhat^a nothing seems to bo known from otherHources. It is true that the Subh?sit?val? includes some

verses by a poet of this name. But none of these verseshave been traced elsewhere, and there is at present noovidenco connecting the writer either with Bhartrhari orwith our author. The latter is described in the colophonas an ?e?rya and a king's son, as learned in grammar andin the Word of Buddha (points of contact with Bhartrhari),and as the moon of later poets; and we are told that heleft Kashmir owing to troubles, and threw away his lifein the Himalaya mountains. He himself, using a tone of

modesty, though confessing apparently to the name of poet,tells us at the commencement of the work that, withoutpretension to compete with the J?takam?l? of aura, he mightfind a yet unoccupied sphere for himself in the glory of

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734 NOTES FROM THE TANJUR.knowing tradition. lie also speaks of his work as a fitcompauion to his commentary on the Sfitra-pitaka (Mdo. sde),which, however, appears to be unknown.

The comparison of the stories with those found elsewhere 'will be no doubt a work of some labour, as the titles are inthese cases not always an adequate guide.What is told us concerning the translators may be seenin their colophon.

| llgya . gar . skad . du |Ha . ri . botta . n? . ma .dz? . ta . ka .m? . l? | bod . skad . du | son . ge .zabs . //brin . pa/? . skyes . pa . rabs . kyi, piiren .ba . zes . bya . ba |

| Ajara . dpal. gzon . nur . gyur . pa2. la . phyag .Atshal . lo |1. | gu?

.zig

.ma . lus .plia

. roi .phyin

. pa/? . stobs .kyis . thob . gyur . boAi |

p?) | zi . baAi . go . Apha? . gis . ni .me . tog . tog . can .sdug . bs?ial .mdzad |

|main . par . dug . pa/a . yon . tan . //od . zer . dkyil .Akhor . can . rmons . la |

Imuu . pa . sel. bar. mdzad . pa//i . thub . pa . de . la .phyag . Atshal . sog |2a. 2. | slob . dpon . dpa// . bos .mdzad . paAi . skyes . paAi .robs . kyi . rgyud . rnams . dan |

Igzan . dag .miiara . pa . ilid . du . rjes . su Agro .phyir . byed .nus .min |

| b8?l . baAi . //od . kyis . ku .mu . da . ni. so . sor .byed . nus . kyi |

I skar .raoAi. tshogs . gzan . gcig . tu . bsdus . kyai'i .ma . nus .pa . ?id . de |3. | s?an . d?ags . mkhas . chen . rnams . kyi . s?an .d?ag8 . ?iid . ni . //di . ses . pas |

| sin . tu . lun . la .mkhas . par . grags . pa . nid . du .

dag3. Agro . ate \1 For a bibliography see Akademiker d'Oldenburg's woll-kuown articlo,J.R.A.S., 1893, pp. 301-3/?6 (English version).* Sie. 1.0. awl Pet.8 Pet. Hag.



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NOTES FROM THE TANJUR. 735par . grags . pa .

bdag . gis . /?di .

rgod . bdag . la .

| byai? . chub . sems . dpaA . spyodla .ni. do . ltar .yaii || rail .don .Mod . la .mkhas . padag . ?es . par . sbyar I4. |gal . te . /?jig . rten . bya . ba . laAdir . skyon .gai'i |

| hon . kyaii . no . tsha . med . pas . smra . na . bden .par . brjod .med . kyi |

| ran .don.bsgrubl

.par

. Adod . pa.yon . tan

.dag

.la . srid . pa .ga? |

| thams . cad . bzod . paAi . skyes . bus . Abyu? . ba//i .phyir . na . rig . pa . ste |

| zas .gtsa? . sras . kyi . rig .pa . dan . po . bdag . ni .smra . ba . na |

| ?os . par . yon . tan . grags . pa . la . mkhas . bdag .

gyur . cig || gom8 . pa . bsags . paAi .mkhas . pa . fiid . kyis .rnam .par .dag .pa/n . bios || ri .mo .mkhan . gyi. gzugs . ltar . Ajara . po . ci .

zig .mi . Adri . Aarn || lus . dan . nag . dan . yid . dag . gis . kyan . dge .ba . yi . ni . las || skyes

.bu . le . lo . can . gyi.yid

.kyis

. thob . par.

nus .ma . yin ||me . tog . du .ma . don . gfier . Abad .med . gal . te .

/?gyur . ba . na ||me . tog . las . byu?i . sbraii . rtsi . bun . bas . Athun .

bar .mi . Agyur . ram ||kye .ma2. rgyal . baAi . yon . tan .brjod .pa .chun .

ya?.dge

. baAi . phyir.mi . nus || dc . slad . snan . dnags .mkhan . ni . su . zig . gu.s .

pa . lhod .par . byed || riled . pa . chcn . po . rnam . par .mthoii . nas. gtoi'i .ba . chuii .bas .ni || bio . ni . rgyu . chon . ldan . pas . tshon . phyir .

thogs . par .mi. rigs . so I1

Pet. bsgrubs.2 These two words aro apparently extra-metrical.J.K.A.8. 1904. VJ



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NOTES FROM THE TANJ?R.

Ide .phyir .mam . pa . ga? . gis .mi. lus . thob. pa .rtog8 .byas .nas |

Ibstan . pa . Adi. ya? . dra? . sro? .gi. ni . rab . ribgsall .mdzad . de |

Iyun . ri? .pos .kya?i .mi . AdraAi .bstod .pa. rdul2.gyi. khyab . pa . yi |

| tshig . ni. sans . rgyas . rtogs . pa .brjod .paAi. chu .rnams .kyis . ni. bkru .bar . bya || ga?i . gi . phyir. chos . kyi . gtam . la .mkhas . pa .//di. ni .mdo . sdeAi . rjcs . su .brjod . pas . phyis .

byan . chub . sems dpaAi . skyes . rabs . rjes su .brjod . de . ri .mo . bris . paAi . khan . ba . la .mar .meAi . Aod . dan . Adra. bas .bde . blag . tu .gsal . bar . ?on . pa . poAi . skye . boAi . yid . la .dgoA .ba .Hing . por . skj'ed . por .byed . lo |khorns .gsum

. du .skyes

.paAi

. sems . can . niaras .kyi

.sdug .bs?al .gyi . rgud . pa . bsal .bar . bya . baAi.phyir . sinon . lam . eben . po . van . dag . par .bskyed .paAi . bcom . ldan . Adas . kyi . spyod . pa .rjes . su. brjod .por .gjrur .bsoAi. giiid . rmugs .paAi.skyou . bsal . nas . yid .m?am . par . bzog . paAi .nan . pa . po . rnams . kyi . bdud . rtsi . bzin . du .Athu?i . bar . Adod . rnams . kyis . Akhor . baAi .sdug . bs?al . du .ma . Adzad . paAi . phyir . du .ya?i . dog .par .myan .byaAo |

|mom . pa . sna . tshogs . ?on . mous . sprul4 . lta .buAi I| srid . tshogs . sa . Aog nas . ni . Agro . don .phyir || sons . rgyas . ?id. phyir . sinon . lam . rgya . chen .po || bdag

. ?id . che .min . rnams . la . /?byun .ba min |

IAdi. ltar . rjes . su . thos . te | etc.

1 Pet. bsal.2 Pet. bstod . brdul.* p, I.O. ami Pet.4 Text (I.O. aud Pet.) sbnd, ?snake.'



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NOTES FROM THE TANJUR. 737The ends and titles of the several jatakaa occur as follows :

A.?i. 9b (9b). Rab . snan (Pradyota).ii. 14a (14a). Rgya . dug . gi . glin . du Agro(Badar?dv?pagamana P).iii. 20a (19ft). Chos .Adod (Dharmarthi P).iv. 26a (25a). Ri .boil (Oa?a).v. 30? (296). Zla . Aod (Candraprabha P).vi. 35a (Mb). Gzugs . Idan .ma (Rtlpin! P).

vii. 41a (40b). Tshoii .dpon (Ra?ij).viii. 4i\b (46a). Padma . can (PadmavatP).ix. bib (506). Tshuiis .pas .byin (Brahmadatta).x. 556 (55a). Phan .Adod (Hitfirthi P).B? i. ?la (Ola). Hi. dwags (MrgaP).ii. 72a (726). Rum .bya (ftikhaijdi).iii. 706 (776). Draii . sroii (Muni or Rsi).iv. 826 (846). Siio .bsa?s (?yfima).v. 86a (88a). Draii . sron . Ina (Muni- or Rsipaiicaka).vi. 906 (986). Ka . ?i .mdzes (KfisUhadra P).vii. 94a (97a). DkaA . thub (Tapasa or Yati).viii. 1036 (107a). DgaA . baAi. sdom . cha?s . can.ix. 108a (112a). Gla?i .ba . che (Mah?danti P).x. 1146 (1186). Zla . ba (Candra).

O.?i. 1176 (1216). Dar . da . ra (Bardara),ii. 1236 (128a). Ri . dwags (Mrga). .iii. 135a (1396). Gser . gyi. go . cha (Kanakavarma).iv. 1376 (142a). Brtse . ba . can (Maitr?bala P).v. 166a (1706). Mi. Aam . ci .mo . dan . nor . bza?s(sic) (Kinnar? and Vasubhadra P).vi. 169a (173a). Draii . sroii . Abar . ba . can (Rsi

Ujjvultt ?).vii. 179a (183a). Srod .med (Viraga PPet. Srid .med= Abhava).viii. 1846 (1886). Rka?i . rjes . ees .pa (P?d?nujnataP).ix. 189a (1936). l)pe .med .ma (AnupamSP).x. 1946 (1986). Me . Ion . gi . gdo? . can (Darpanamukha P).T?.?i. 1976 (2016). Ded .dpon . rab . Agro (the S?rthav?ha

Yayu P).



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738 NOTES FROM THE TANJ?R.ii. 206ft (210a). Sen .ge (Lion)^ii?. 213A (217a). Brgya

.byin (?atakratu).iv. 220a (224?). Khra . can (P,minister of the king of

Benares),v. 228/r (233J). Don . kun . grub . ldan (Sarv?rthasiddhiraat= Siddh?rtha).Fol. 2286.

1. Iya? . dag . rdzogs . paAi. bya? . chub . Adod |t?.WA)|bya? . chub . seras . dpaAi. spyod . pa .ni || sen . ge . zabs . Abri? .pas . byas . Adi || chos . Adod . rnams . kyi . phre? . ba . byas . pa .Adi? |

2. | skyes .paAi . rabs . kyi .phre? . ba . byas . pa . vil \Idge . ba . cuii . zad . gaii . zig . bdag .gi. bsaras | 2| de . yis . Agro . ba . Adi . ni . bde . gsegs . kyi || Adod .pa . la . dmigs . thar. paAi. phyir . gyur. cig |

3. | rab . Agro . g?aA . ral . can .brgya .byin || khra . can . don . kun . grub . ldan . pa || lna . yis . lhag . paAi . sum . cu . Adir I| thub . pa . eben . poAi. skyes 3 . rabs . rnams |

4. | rig . pa . 8graAi . bstan . bcos . cha . ni . rnam . pa .man . po . ?cs . nas . sans . rgyas . kyi . ya? . gsu?41

Iphyi. maAi . s?an .d?ags .mkhan .gyi. zla. bas . sa .ni . s?an . ?ag . Aod . rnams . kyi . ni . rab . gsal .byas || kha . cher . ?e . bar . Atshe . baAi . skyon . gyis .

rnam . par . gdu?s . pa . ses . nas . phyi. rol. Agro .Adod . pos |

| ri .dba? .kha . ba . can . la . sen . ge . zabs . Abri? 5.los . ni . srog . rnams . dor . nas .mtho ris . bso? |

1 In these two Hues the text (I.O. nud Pet.) is corrupt. In the second placoPet. Jin.?again hdi.2 Sic (I.O. and Pet.) for bsags.3 Pet. here inserts pahi.* A syllable wautiug. I.O. has mams tor rnam . pa.* hftriti?, Pet.



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NOTES FROM THE TANJUR. 739

| rgyal. poAi . sras . slob . dpon . sen . ge . zabs . Abri? .pas .mdzad .paAi

.skyes

. paAi . rabs . kyi phre?.

ba . rdzogs . so ||5. | dge . sloii . dpal . ldan . bio . gros . Abyu? . gnas .zes .bya .mkhas .pa . ni |

| sems . can .mains . la . chos . daii . zaii . zin . kun .nas . Agod .mdzad . ein |

(23fa)\ tshad .ma . daii .ni . luii . dan . rgyud .mams . du .ma . la . Ad ris .pas |

| Agro .baAi .miiaA . bdag . gi . ni . spyod . pa . Adi .la . giiis .po . dag I6. | gzal . du .med . ein . dri .ma .med . pa .kun . nas .

bsags . te .de . las . Adi * || ?on . rmoii8. zes. byaAi. sgrib . paAi .dri .ma . cho .

ga . bzin . du .myur . spans . snon . du . Agro .ba . ni I| de .dan . deAi . skyes . rabs . yoiis . bzur? . Agro . ba .

sdug . bsiial . rgya . mtsho . las . ni . ga . don .byas . te2 |

| mthar . yai'i . thub . dban . rnams . bzin . rathaA .dag . bya . byas . sans . rgyas . khams . gsum . du .

ni .khyed . Abyuii . ?og |7. | lean . lo . can . gyi . bum . pa . zes . bya . mkhas .dan . lhan . cig . Adi . ?id . du |

| gan . zig . tshul. khriras . Abyu? . gnas . skad . gil is .pas . ni. Adi . ltar . cho . ga .bzin |

| bdud . las . rnam . par . rgyal. baAi. spyod . pa . ?in .tu . rnam .dag

.yans

.pa

. ni || skye . bo .ma . lus . pa . la .phan . paAi . don . dude . yis .yaii .dag . bsgyur |I rgy& *gar gyi mkhan . po . pandi . til. lam3 .ka .de . baAi . zabs . dan | bod . kyi . lo . ts? . ba .

1 Four syllables wanting.a Onesyllable wanting.

Pet. has gdon for ga . don.3 lam, Pet.



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740 NOTES FROM THE TANJUR.?okyaAi. dge slo? . tshul . khrims . Abyuii . gnas .sbas . pas . dpal

.gyi

.sgyeAu

. riAi . rtsa . ehos .skor dben . saAi. gtsug .khan . du .bsgyur II

TllANSLATION.In the Indian tongue :Haribhattan?mqjdtakamdl?.

In the Tibetan tongue : Sen . ge. zabs . hbri? .pahi

.skyes

.rabs . kyi .phreh . ba.

Hail toMafijusri as Kum?ra !1. To him, who makes suffering flower-crowned with theeminence of acquiescence won by the strength of allthe p?romit?8,

Who, havinga halo of light in virtues utterly pure,dispels the darkness in the deluded?to that sage hail !2. With the string of Jatakas composed by the ?c?ryaSura others are without power to follow on an

equality.Though the cool-rayed [moon] may rival (expand?)the lotus, not surely may the other constollations,

even united.3. Since?for we know this the poetiy of great poets?

only the fame of learning in tradition remains open,1It is, clearly, as being skilled in the fame of the livesof tho Bodhi8attva, and, moreover, in desiring myown advantage, that I shall compose these things.4. If tho world laughs at the attempt, what fault is therehere in me P Orthough through

shamelessnessI speak not truly in my narrativo,What pluce there is among virtues for a desire toaccomplish one's own advantage, an all-patientperson knows by reason of his origin (' from birth '?' from the beginning ' V).

1 I translate dag . hgro (?uddhagati), not nag . \\gro (r?ggati). IVihiips'since our author (hdi) knows tho poetry of great ?oeU' is better than what wo

hnvc given.



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NOTES FROM THE TANJ?R. 7415. In celebrating the supreme knowledge of the son of

?uddhodana may I, at any rate, become skilled inextolling virtue !Does not a mind purified by skill acquired throughpractice, like the painter's drawing, trace out something winning P6. With body, voice, and mind alike no meritorious workcan persons of indolent character achieve.

By the beo, if ho exerts not himself in the seeking ofvarious flowers, the honey coming from the flowersis not quaffed, is it ?7. Though unable, alas! through poverty in merit tocelebrate1 the virtues of the Jina, what poet for thatreason refrains his homage P

Since, on descrying a great gain, a small one isabandoned,3 the mind engaged with a great matterknows not how to suffer hindrance for gain.8. Therefore, after consideration of every advantage inwhatever way, as this teaching verily illuminates3 thedarkness of sages,

Speech, long saturated with the dust of the praise ofunequal persons, shall be washed with the water ofthe avadilnos of Buddha.Since this author, learned in stories of dharma, inexpounding the Jutaka of the Bodhisattva after expounding the Sfitrapitaka, makes illumination mosthappily as with the light of a lamp in a room adornedwith pictures, causing in the minds of his hearers theacme of delight, it is to be tasted, with a view to thewaning of the divers sorrows of existence, by thosewho desire to drink the ambrosia, as it were, of thosewho listen with minds set at rest by the abolition o?the sin of oblivion of the celebration of the acts ofthe holy one who made the great vow to abolish the

1 Or, *so far as merit i* concerned, to celebrate even a little ' ?*Or, 'siucc, in comparison with the great gain, what is abandoned is little.'3 Or 'has dispelled ' (bsal).



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742 NOTES FROM THE TANJUR.affliction of the sorrow of the beings born in thethree worlds !

9. That all creatures may pass away from the earth below(?hell),

Like phantoms (snakes P) tormented in divers fashions,This great prayer for BuddhahoodArises not in such as have not great souls.Thus is it recorded, etc., etc.

(Fol. 228b.)1. In desire for complete Bodhi, composed by Haribhatta,

may this story of the Bodhisattva .... 1 ofthose who love righteousness.22. What little merit has been gathered by me, by composing a wreath of J?takas, thereby may this world,in love for Sugata, be at the end of its illusions.3. 'Good -goer/ 'Neck - tearer,' 'Hundred - sacrificer,''Oitrin ' (P), cAll objects effected '?thirty, with thesefivo added, are here tho J?takas of the great sage.3

4. After studying treatises on grammar in many points,and also the word of Buddha, the moon of later poets,having

illuminated the earth with the rays of poetry,experiencing in Kashmir distraction through thefault of mischief-makers,4 Haribhatta, through desirefor the outer world, casting away his life on theking of mountains, Himalaya, went to heaven.

End of theWreath of J?takas composed by the Ac?ryaPrince Haribhatta.1Text corrupt, sec above.3 Dharniu.* Probably the Sanskrit was?

Uva 1knnih?ravab akraseitr?(?)sarv?rthasiddhimfm.*|pnficaitnnyatra triin?ao ca j?tak?ni malmmuuch ||

The word kanfh?rava is certain, since the colophon of the J?taka in questiougives sai. ge, 'lion.' * = Siddh?rtha.

4 ne . bar . Xitshe ? = uparodhi : perhaps wo should read ne. bar . Uhct= upafivi, d?pendants.'



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NOTES FROM THE TANJUR. 7435. Whereas the learned Bhiksu ?r?mat Matisambhava

(Buddhy?kara P Prajfmkara P), composing fromDharma and every matter .... for thecreatures, being acquainted with logic and traditionand tantra, for this life of the Lord of the world?has these two,

(>.The unequalled and the pure, gathered from everysource,1 hcrefrom may you, receiving him who goesbefore, abandoning in the right way the dirt of thedarkness called affliction, and also his Jataka, achieveyour object so far as the ocean of suffering ofexistence is concerned, and finally with all your workaccomplished, like the lords of sages, be born in theworld of Buddha !

7. Whereas, together with a learned man named Bum .pa2of Lean . lo . can,3 this same, who is S?iasambhava,knowing the two languages, has corrected in extensothis so constituted story of the Conqueror of Mara,thereby may it servo for the purpose of the good. of all creatures.

By the feet of the Indian teacher Lamkildeva andTibetan translator the ?Skya Bhiksu Silasambhavagupta, translated in the Chos . skor . dben . samonastery at the foot of Mount SgycAu.

1 The text is here imnerfect. Wo might render 'has boro gathered the lileof the Lord of the world, which in both unequalled and pure.' Dr. F. II.Stchcrhotskoi, who has kindly read this pnncr in proof, suggests that a sentcnci;ended with tho imperfect line a of v. 6. the sense thon continuing 'may you,released (gdon . byas) front tho ocean of tho miseries ?ifexistence by receiving himand his jittnkns, preceded by (snon . du . ?gro) abandonment .... andfinally with all your karma exhausted, etc., etc'2 Hum . pa rr. *vessel.'3 A placo in Tibot, see Loxx.

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Notes from the Tanjur