Notes of Apparent Path of Sun.notebook

1

December 07, 2015

Nov 12­9:57 AM

The Sun’s Apparent Path

Nov 12­9:57 AM

The Sun’s apparent path across the sky is due to 

_______________    _______________________ Earth's rotation

Nov 12­9:57 AM

The Sun appears to rise in the _____________ and 

set in the _____________

EastWest

Nov 12­9:57 AM

•   The Sun’s _________________ changes throughout the year

•   _________________ : The _______________ distance 

     from an observer’s horizon

•   In the Northern Hemisphere, the observer would measure

    noontime ________________ from the _________________

     horizon 

altitudedue to Earth's TILTED axis

Add to notes

Nov 12­9:57 AM

•   The Sun’s _________________ changes throughout the year

•   _________________ : The _______________ distance 

     from an observer’s horizon

•   In the Northern Hemisphere, the observer would measure

    noontime ________________ from the _________________

     horizon 

altitude

Altitude angular

altitude southern

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Zenith:  Point ______________ above the observer’s head

•  ________ from the ____________________

directly900 horizon

900

00

Notes of Apparent Path of Sun.notebook

2

December 07, 2015

Nov 12­9:57 AM

•   The Sun’s _________________ may also be called the 

    ________________ _______ ________________________

•   __________________ is determined by:

 Observer’s ____________________

  ____________________ 

altitude

Angle of IncidenceAltitude

Nov 12­9:57 AM

•   The Sun’s _________________ may also be called the 

    ________________ _______ ________________________

•   __________________ is determined by:

 Observer’s ____________________

      ____________________ 

altitude

Angle of IncidenceAltitude

latitude

Season

Position of the Sun in relation to the Equator

Nov 12­9:57 AM

•   __________________ is determined by:

 Observer’s ____________________

  ____________________ 

Altitude

latitudeSeason

Position of the Sun in relation to the Equator

Dec 4­7:46 AM

FYI...Sun's altitude actually changes a little bit every hour and every day...So, NYS picks the altitude at:

1. Solar Noon (and)2. During one of 4 days:

~ Mar 21, ~Jun 21, ~22 Sep, ~Dec 21

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Observer’s Location: Equator ( ________ degrees latitude)

Seasons: Vernal or Autumnal Equinoxes (Spring or Fall)

Dates:  Vernal: ____________________________

      Autumnal: _________________________

Sun’s Location:  Directly over the 

_________________________________________________

AT THE EQUATOR

0

~21 March

~22 September

Equator

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Sunrise Location: _____________________________________

Sunset Location: _____________________________________

Maximum Altitude (Solar _________ ): ___________________

AT THE EQUATORDue East

Due West

Noon

To get this answer, perform the following steps........

Notes of Apparent Path of Sun.notebook

3

December 07, 2015

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Calculating the Sun’s Maximum Altitude(Equinox)

1.  Determine the observer’s ________________________

 2.  Subtract that ____________________ from 900

latitude

Memor

ize th

e

follo

wing

step

s....

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Calculating the Sun’s Maximum Altitude(Equinox)

1.  Determine the observer’s ________________________

 2.  Subtract that ____________________ from 900

latitude• Will be provided directly to you (or)• You will be given other clues (ex: the altitude of Polaris)

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Calculating the Sun’s Maximum Altitude(Equinox)

1.  Determine the observer’s ________________________

 2.  Subtract that ____________________ from 900

latitude• Will be provided directly to you (or)• You will be given other clues (ex: the altitude of Polaris)

latitude

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Sunrise Location: _____________________________________

Sunset Location: _____________________________________

Maximum Altitude (Solar _________ ): ___________________

AT THE EQUATORDue East

Due West

Noon

900 - local latitude = Sun's maximum altitude (aka: solar noon)

900 - 00 = 900

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Polaris

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Observer’s Location: Equator ( ________ degrees latitude)

Season: Summer Solstice

Date:  _________________________

Sun’s Location:  Directly over the 

_________________________________________________

AT THE EQUATOR

0

~21 June

Tropic of Cancer (23.50 N)

Notes of Apparent Path of Sun.notebook

4

December 07, 2015

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Sunrise Location: _____________________________________

Sunset Location: _____________________________________

Maximum Altitude (Solar _________ ): ___________________

AT THE EQUATOR

North of due of east

North of due west

Noon

To get this answer, perform the following steps........

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Calculating the Sun’s Maximum Altitude(Summer Solstice)

1.  Determine the maximum altitude during the equinox

a.  900  minus the observer’s ______________

2.  Determine the point that is _________ “above” the      equinox maximum altitude.

latitude

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Calculating the Sun’s Maximum Altitude(Summer Solstice)

1.  Determine the maximum altitude during the equinox

a.  900  minus the observer’s ______________

2.  Determine the point that is _________ “above” the      equinox maximum altitude.

latitude

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Calculating the Sun’s Maximum Altitude(Summer Solstice)

1.  Determine the maximum altitude during the equinox

a.  900  minus the observer’s ______________

2.  Determine the point that is _________ “above” the      equinox maximum altitude.

latitude

23.50

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Sunrise Location: _____________________________________

Sunset Location: _____________________________________

Maximum Altitude (Solar _________ ): ___________________

AT THE EQUATOR

North of due of east

North of due west

Noon

Maximum Altitude @ Equinox + 23.50 = Max. Alt. @ Summer Solstice

900 + 23.50 = 113.50 above the southern horizon ???

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Polaris

900 + 23.50

Notes of Apparent Path of Sun.notebook

5

December 07, 2015

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Polaris

Note: At theEquator, the sun can appear in either the southern or northern sky...

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Observer’s Location: Equator ( ________ degrees latitude)

Season: Winter Solstice

Date:  _________________________

Sun’s Location:  Directly over the 

_________________________________________________

AT THE EQUATOR

0

~21 December

Tropic of Capricorn (23.50 S)

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Sunrise Location: _____________________________________

Sunset Location: _____________________________________

Maximum Altitude (Solar _________ ): ___________________

AT THE EQUATOR

South of due eastSouth of due west

Provides very important clue as to what the season is...

Dec 7­8:18 AM

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Sunrise Location: _____________________________________

Sunset Location: _____________________________________

Maximum Altitude (Solar _________ ): ___________________

AT THE EQUATOR

South of due east

South of due west

Noon

To get this answer, perform the following steps........

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Calculating the Sun’s Maximum Altitude(Winter Solstice)

1.  Determine the maximum altitude during the equinox

a.  900  minus the observer’s ______________ 

2.  Determine the point that is _________ “below” the         equinox maximum altitude.

latitude

Notes of Apparent Path of Sun.notebook

6

December 07, 2015

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Calculating the Sun’s Maximum Altitude(Winter Solstice)

1.  Determine the maximum altitude during the equinox

a.  900  minus the observer’s ______________ 

2.  Determine the point that is _________ “below” the         equinox maximum altitude.

latitude

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Calculating the Sun’s Maximum Altitude(Winter Solstice)

1.  Determine the maximum altitude during the equinox

a.  900  minus the observer’s ______________ 

2.  Determine the point that is _________ “below” the         equinox maximum altitude.

latitude

23.50

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Sunrise Location: _____________________________________

Sunset Location: _____________________________________

Maximum Altitude (Solar _________ ): ___________________

AT THE EQUATOR

South of due east

South of due west

NoonMaximum Altitude @ Equinox - 23.50 = Max. Alt. @ Winter Solstice

900 - 23.50 = 66.50 (above the Southern Horizon)

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Polaris

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Observer’s Location: Unatego ( ____________ latitude)

Season: Vernal and Autumnal Equinoxes (Spring and Fall)

Dates:  Vernal: ____________________________

     Autumnal: _________________________

Sun’s Location:  Directly over the 

_________________________________________________

AT UNATEGO

420 N

~ 21 March~22 September

Equator

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Sunrise Location: _____________________________________

Sunset Location: _____________________________________

Maximum Altitude (Solar _________ ): ___________________

AT UNATEGO

Due EastDue West

Noon

To get this answer, perform the following steps........

Notes of Apparent Path of Sun.notebook

7

December 07, 2015

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Calculating the Sun’s Maximum Altitude(Equinox)

1.  Determine the observer’s ________________________

 2.  Subtract that ____________________ from 900

latitude• Will be provided directly to you (or)• You will be given other clues (ex: the altitude of Polaris)

latitude

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Sunrise Location: _____________________________________

Sunset Location: _____________________________________

Maximum Altitude (Solar _________ ): ___________________

AT UNATEGODue East

Due West

Noon

900 - local latitude = Sun's maximum altitude (aka: solar noon)

900 - 420 = 480

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Polaris

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Observer’s Location: Unatego ( ____________latitude)

Season: Summer Solstice

Date:  _________________________

Sun’s Location:  Directly over the 

_________________________________________________

AT UNATEGO

420 N

~21 June

Tropic of Cancer (23.50 N)

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Sunrise Location: _____________________________________

Sunset Location: _____________________________________

Maximum Altitude (Solar _________ ): ___________________

AT UNATEGONorth of due east

North of due west

Noon

To get this answer, perform the following steps........

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Calculating the Sun’s Maximum Altitude(Summer Solstice)

1.  Determine the maximum altitude during the equinox

a.  900  minus the observer’s ______________

2.  Determine the point that is _________ “above” the      equinox maximum altitude.

latitude

23.50

Notes of Apparent Path of Sun.notebook

8

December 07, 2015

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Sunrise Location: _____________________________________

Sunset Location: _____________________________________

Maximum Altitude (Solar _________ ): ___________________

AT UNATEGO

North of due of east

North of due west

Noon

Maximum Altitude @ Equinox + 23.50 = Max. Alt. @ Summer Solstice

480 + 23.50 = 71.50

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Polaris

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Observer’s Location: Unatego ( _____________ latitude)

Season: Winter Solstice

Date:  _________________________

Sun’s Location:  Directly over the 

_________________________________________________

AT UNATEGO

420 N

~ 21 December

Tropic of Capricorn (23.50 S)

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Sunrise Location: _____________________________________

Sunset Location: _____________________________________

Maximum Altitude (Solar _________ ): ___________________

AT UNATEGOSouth of due eastSouth of due west

Noon

To get this answer, perform the following steps........

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Calculating the Sun’s Maximum Altitude(Winter Solstice)

1.  Determine the maximum altitude during the equinox

a.  900  minus the observer’s ______________ 

2.  Determine the point that is _________ “below” the         equinox maximum altitude.

latitude

23.50

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Sunrise Location: _____________________________________

Sunset Location: _____________________________________

Maximum Altitude (Solar _________ ): ___________________

AT UNATEGO

South of due east

South of due west

NoonMaximum Altitude @ Equinox - 23.50 = Max. Alt. @ Winter Solstice

480 - 23.50 = 24.50

Notes of Apparent Path of Sun.notebook

9

December 07, 2015

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Polaris

Nov 19­7:58 AM

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Shadow DirectionsNorthern Latitudes > 23.50 N

Noon: _____________________________________

AM: _______________________________________

       _______________________________________

PM: _______________________________________

       _______________________________________

Shadow always points North

Points in a westerly direction(Sun rises in the east)

(Sun sets in the west)Points in an easterly direction

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Shadow Directions

Northern Latitudes > 23.50 N

Exception:  _____________ ____ ______________

            will NOT show any shadow on the

            _________________ ________________

Tropic of Cancer

SolsticeSummer(at solar noon)

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Shadow DirectionsSouthern Latitudes > 23.50 S

Noon: _____________________________________

AM: _______________________________________

       _______________________________________

PM: _______________________________________

       _______________________________________

Always points SouthPoints in westerly direction

(Sunrise in east)Points in easterly direction

(Sunset in west)

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Shadow DirectionsSouthern Latitudes > 23.50 S

Exception:  _____________ ____ ___________________

        will NOT show any shadow on the

        _________________ ________________

Tropic of Capricorn

SolsticeWinter(at solar noon)

Notes of Apparent Path of Sun.notebook

10

December 07, 2015

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Shadow DirectionsLatitudes between 23.50 N and 23.50 S

•   Will show _____________ pointing or ____________

    pointing shadows at various times of the year

•   Each latitude within this zone, to include the equator, will        show NO shadow at __________ __________ a year

 

North South

two times

(on the way to and from each solstice)

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Shadow DirectionsLatitudes between 23.50 N and 23.50 S

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Shadow Length

•   Sun at higher altitudes = _________________ shadows

  Summer shadows _____________ than at Equinox

•   Sun at lower altitudes = _________________ shadows

  Winter shadows _______________ than at Equinox

  Note:  Solstices result in shadows shorter than or longer              than those cast at the Equinox by the SAME amount

shorter

shorterlonger

longer

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Shadow Length

    Note:  Solstices result in shadows shorter than or longer              than those cast at the Equinox by the SAME amount

Equinox 10 cm

SummerSolstice

4 cm

WinterSolstice ? cm

Same lo

cation

,

Same t

ime of d

ay

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Shadow Length

    Note:  Solstices result in shadows shorter than or longer              than those cast at the Equinox by the SAME amount

Equinox 10 cm

SummerSolstice

4 cm

WinterSolstice 16 cm

Nov 12­9:57 AM

Shadow Length

•   AM shadows get ________________ towards noon

•   Noon = _____________ shadow of the day

•   PM shadows get ________________ during the day

shorter

shortestlonger