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November 17 directions• Sit down with in Groups
• You will begin discussing the historical context surrounding A Christmas Carol.
As a group you will go through the Power Point and create a complete Cornell Note-taking activity including notes, questions and summary about entire notes
Quiz on notes Thursday.
Life in _________- mid 1800’s to the turn of the century
Class Structure in _____________ England
1. Upper Class/Wealthy
2. _______________
3. Working Class (__________and Unskilled)
4. Under Class
A closer look…
England
Victorian
Middle Class
Skilled
Upper Class(Aristocracy)
2%
Upper Middle Class(Bourgeoisie)
Small %Working Class(Proletarian Class)
(Skilled and Unskilled)
85%
Under ClassRelatively small %
Upper Class/Wealthy
• The top class was known as the Upper Class or ______________.• It included the _________and nobility, which had great power and wealth. • This class consisted of about ______ percent of
the population, but owned the majority of the land.
• It included: the royal family, lords, the clergy, great officers of state, and those above the degree of baronet.
• These people were ______ into nobility, privileged, and avoided taxes.
Aristocracychurch
two
born
Middle Class/Bourgeoisie • The middle class consisted of
the bourgeoisie – also referring to the ___________________ class.
• It was made up of factory owners, bankers, shopkeepers, merchants, lawyers, engineers, businessmen, traders, and other professionals.
• These people could sometimes be extremely rich, but in normal circumstances they were not _____________, and they especially resented this.
• There was a very large ______ between the middle class and the lower class.
middle working
privileged
gap
Working Class ( Skilled and Un-skilled)
• “The working class” or skilled laborers were above the unskilled class- but not by much. This class is also referred to as the __________________ class.
• The lower class contained men, women, and ___________ performing many types of labor, including factory workers, seamstresses, sweepers, miners, and others.
• Like the middle class, the lower class also had to endure a large burden of _____.
• This third class consisted of about _____ percent of the population but only owned ______ than _____ percent of the land.
Proletarian
children
tax
85
less 50
Working Class ( Skilled and Un-skilled)
• The working class unskilled
laborers contained many men, women, and children with no particular _____.
• These people typically did __________ that did not last long.
• Many unskilled laborers were a step away from being ____________ and occasionally spent time on the streets.
skill
odd jobs
homeless
Under Class
• The Under Class is also “___________” (those who were not working, and were receiving public charity).
• This was considered a submerged "under class" sometimes referred to as the "sunken people"-- which lived in ___________.
• The under class were more susceptible to exploitation and were therefore exploited.
• These people often starved to ________ on the streets or died from malnutrition or disease.
the poor
poverty
death
Streets of London
The Industrial Revolution
• During the 1800s the ___________________________ spread throughout Britain.
• The use of steam-powered machines, led to a massive increase in the number of _____________ (particularly in textile factories or mills).
Industrial Revolution
factories
From Country to City• As the number of factories
grew, people from the countryside began to move into the towns looking for better paid _______.
• Cities were filled to overflowing and, _________ was particularly bad.
• People crowded into already crowded houses. Rooms were _______ to whole families or perhaps several families. If there were no rooms to rent, people stayed in lodging houses.
work
London
rented
Child Labor• Children worked in ____________
carrying large buckets of coal around on their backs, or they worked sitting down in the mine alone to open the door for a coal cart passing through.
• Many factory workers were children. They worked ______ hours and were often treated ________ by the supervisors or overseers.
• In match factories, children were employed to dip matches into a chemical called phosphorous. This phosphorous could cause their teeth to rot and some died from the effect of breathing it into their lungs.
coal mines
longbadly
Child Labor
• The mill owners often took in orphans to their workhouses, they __________ at the mill and were worked as hard as possible.
• They spent most of their working hours at the machines with little time for __________ or exercise. Even part of Sunday was spent cleaning machines.
• There were some serious ____________ , some children were scalped when their hair was caught in the machine, hands were crushed and some children were killed when they went to sleep and fell into the machine.
lived
fresh air
accidents
Child Labor
• When young boys first started working as chimney sweeps between _____ and ___ years old, they suffered many cuts, grazes and bruises on their knees, elbows, and thighs however after months of suffering their skin became hardened.
five 10
Street Kids• Hordes of dirty, ragged children
roamed the streets with no regular money and no home to go to. The children of the streets were often __________ with no-one to care for them.
• They stole or picked pockets to buy food and slept in ___________ or ___________ . Some street children did jobs to earn money.
• They could work as crossing-sweepers, sweeping a way through the mud and horse dung of the main paths to make way for ladies and gentlemen. Others sold lace, flowers, matches or muffins out in the _________.
orphans
outhousesdoorways
streets
Charles Dickens was born on ____________________.
His father, John Dickens, was a clerk at the Navy Pay Office.
His father continuously lived beyond his means and was _________________ for debt in 1824.
February 7, 1812
The Life of Charles Dickens
imprisoned
The Life of Charles DickensWhen Charles was ___, he was pulled out of school to work in a boot-
blacking factory to support the family. He glued the labels onto the bottles of boot black for six shillings a day.
Wow! Today, One Shilling would = ____ pennies!
So in ONE MONTH of factory work Charles made an estimated 144 Pence which would = ________ today!
12
12
$17.28
Dickens begins to Write
Dickens has said that his time __________ and living alone in a boarding house traumatized him for the rest of his life.
Dickens eventually returned to school at Wellington House Academy in __________.
Dickens began submitting material to the British Press where he was paid a ________ a line. He was not unlike a reporter for a newspaper today.
working
London
penny
Dickens Begins to WriteSome professional works and gains
Dickens's career as a writer of fiction started in _____ when his short stories and essays to appeared in periodicals.
Dickens proved to be a prolific writer writing _____ novels, plays, short stories, and essays.
Some of his more famous works include:Oliver Twist 1837 Nicholas Nickelby 1838 A Christmas Carol _____David Copperfield 1849 A Tale of Two Cities 1859 Great Expectations 1860
1833
20
1843
Personal Life
Dickens married Catherine Hogart in _______.
Catherine’s _______, Mary, moved into their house, and it was suspected that Dickens was in love with her.
Mary died in 1837, and a heartbroken Dickens requested to _____________ next to her.
Mary has appeared in his books, but usually as a good-hearted character.
1836
sister
be buried
Personal Life
Dickens had ___ children with Catherine, but they separated in 1858.
In the 1850s, Dickens spent much time traveling and campaigning against many of the ______________ of his time. In addition he gave talks and readings, wrote pamphlets, plays, and letters.
From 1860 until the time of his death, Dickens lived at Gadshill Place, near Rochester, Kent.
He died at Gadshill on _______________.
10
social evils
June 9, 1870
Personal LifeHis last work…
Dickens died before he finished his last work called The Mystery of Edwin Drood.
The novel was left _____________, and the ending remains ______________.
unfinishedunknown
Characters “Bah! Humbug!” – Ebenezer
Scrooge
Character List
___________________: He is a cold, miserly creditor who lives only for himself.
Ebeneezer Scrooge
Character List
______________: He is Scrooge's overworked employee, a timid man afraid to stand up to his boss's demanding ways. He has a poor but loving family.
Bob Cratchit
Character List
____________________________: The first ghost to visit Scrooge, the small, elderly figure represents ____________.
The Ghost of Christmas Past
memory
Character List
______________________________: A giant clad in robes, this ghost has ______ brothers and
a life span of one day. He represents
_____________ and _________.
The Ghost of Christmas Present1800
celebrationcharity
Character List_____________________________: This solemn,
silent phantom represents ________, but also the presents the possibility that the future is not determined, but open to the free will of humans.
The Ghost of Christmas Futuredeath
Character List continued
_______: Scrooge's nephew; he embodies the joy and sharing of Christmas. He refuses to let Scrooge's "Bah! Humbug!" attitude bring him down, and is overjoyed when his uncle converts and attends his party.
Fred
Character List continued
___________: Cratchit's crippled son, Tiny Tim represents the _______________ goodness of
the Christmas spirit.
Tiny Timoverwhelming
Character List continued
___________: Scrooge's old partner; he appears to Scrooge as a ghost and warns him about the dangers of being obsessed with money.
Marley
Character List continued
___________: The young Scrooge's jolly, selfless boss.
Fezziwig
Character List continued
________: Scrooge's former girlfriend/fiance, she breaks up with him because of his greed.
Belle
Character List continued
_______: Scrooge's younger sister. Fan
Symbolism and Theme
Good Vs Evil
Social Class Disparity
Love for fellow men and charity
Ignorance and Want
Sacrifice and Redemption
Children as the face of Innocence
Money does not make happiness, and that those that have it should give to the less fortunate.
Tiny Tim
God Bless Us, Every One…
