NOVEMBER 9,2016Get out pencil, highlighter, notebook

Geography of Europe notesHW: maps due 11/16

Coastline: • Jagged and irregular (What does that create?)

• Surrounded by ocean and seas

• Great for trade and transportation

• Creates interdependence: when nations or areas of the world depend upon each other.

Europe is 1/3rd the size of Africa but has 3 times the coastline.

No part of Western Europe is more than 400 miles from the sea.

•Europe is a peninsula made of many other peninsulas.

•Peninsula: a piece of land that is surrounded by water on all sides but one.

•What countries are located on peninsulas?

Peninsulas of Europe

Iberian

Spain, Portugal, and Andorra

Balkan

• SE Europe, close to border with Asia, countries of Former Yugoslavia

Scandinavia

Scandinavia Region

Countries of Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland, and Iceland

Scandinavian Peninsula

Countries of Norway and Sweden

Effects of the Mediterranean Sea • Allows people to spread their ideas, cultures, empires

• Heavily contested region in world history

Gibraltar:Narrow strait separating Europe from Africa

Fjords

• A fjord is a steep, narrow, u-shaped valley that is carved out by a glacier.

• Commonly found in Norway and Iceland

Mountains Ranges •Created different cultures on either side

•Ex: Alps, Pyrenees, Urals, Carpathian

Rivers• There are MANY Rivers in

Europe

• They flow in all directions

• They flow into oceans and seas.

• How are the rivers of Europe than those of Russia?

Effects of Rivers

• Rivers are fantastic for transportation

• Allowed people to have access to oceans, seas and other rivers to travel throughout Europe.

• Travel through Europe via rivers encourages interdependence.

Important Rivers

Danube River

Important for Eastern & Central Europe

Rhine River

• Important for Western Europe (BENELUX)

Important Rivers

River Thames

England, city of London on river

Elbe River

Important river for Germany and Czech Republic

Important Rivers

Volga

Main waterway for Russia

Seine

Major waterway for northern France, Paris

The English Channel

• Separates Great Britain & France.

• Strait of Dover• 21 miles wide.

Northern European Plain

•Stretches from Great Britain to France to Germany to Russia.

•Rich, Fertile Land

•Agricultural

center of Europe

• Heavily fought over area

•Prone to invasion

Natural Resources

• Natural resources include: coal, iron, good soil, forests, copper.

• There are a few natural resources in every European country.

Effects of Natural Resources• Countries must trade with each other to gain

resources. (More interdependence)

• This leads to Europeans trying to look elsewhere for supplies and resources.

• Leads to imperialism and colonization from 15th-20th century in Americas, Africa, and Asia

NOVEMBER 5, 2015

European Climate and Vegetation Climographs

HW: bring your textbook tomorrow!

Climates of Europe

Gulf Stream

• Ocean current that brings warm water from Equator north to Europe

• Provides Europe with warmer temperatures than areas at a similar latitude

Gulf Stream Explained

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UuGrBhK2c7U

Humid Oceanic Climate

• Found in Ireland, England, France, BENELUX, and Germany

• Characterized by mild winters and summers

• Temperatures range from 40-75 degrees

• Characterized by being close to the ocean

• Good amount of rainfall all year long

Mediterranean Climate

• Found along Mediterranean Sea• Spain, Italy, southern France,

Greece

• Warm and hot summers

• Mild, rainy winters

• Ideal weather for many agricultural crops

• Main crops: olive, wine, lavender, rosemary

Climograph Activity

• Select a line of latitude

• Compare the average monthly temperatures and precipitation levels for the four cities found on that line of latitude using the atlases or your phone.

• Create a graph charting the average monthly temperature and precipitation for each city

• Because you have 4 cities to look up, but only 3 graphs, chart 2 cities on one chart and the other two cities on their own chart

• Answer the questions on each climograph and the summary questions at the bottom of this paper.