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NR 1 MARTS 2007 53. ÅRGÅNG
WWW.SLF.CC NR 1 APRIL 2014 - VOLUME 59
Web GuideRaw materials Decorative coatings Additives/fillers/pigments
Fillers/Chemicals Colorants/tinting equipments
Decorative coatings Raw materials
Pigments
www.termidor.sewww.bayermaterialscience.com www.beckers.se
www.cpscolor.com
Additives/binders/pigments
www.cdm.se
www.alsiano.comwww.alcro.se
www.cibasc.com
www.landora.se
www.beckers-bic.com
Additives/Pigments
Industrial coatings
Decorative coatings
www.huntsman.com/pigments
Web GuideRaw materials Decorative coatings Additives/fillers/pigments
Fillers/Chemicals Colorants/tinting equipments
Decorative coatings Raw materials
Pigments
www.termidor.sewww.bayermaterialscience.com www.beckers.se
www.cpscolor.com
Additives/binders/pigments
www.cdm.se
www.alsiano.comwww.alcro.se
www.cibasc.com
www.landora.se
www.beckers-bic.com
Additives/Pigments
Industrial coatings
Decorative coatings
www.huntsman.com/pigments
www.ncscoloursystem.com
www.brenntag-nordic.com
www.r2group.eu
Ready foryour company
Ready foryour company
Ready foryour company
Ready foryour company
www.acmgroup.se
www.univareurope.com
Raw Material
Raw Material
Raw Material
Paint
Raw Material
Raw Material
Raw Material
Toll Manufacturing
Raw Material
Raw Material
Raw Material
Raw Material
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SK
ANDINAVISKA
LA
CK
TEKNIKERS FöRB
UN
D
Few words from the President
The New Year is now well under way and I hope you have all had a relaxing break over Christmas and New Year. I like many others were disappointed by the lack of snow, and now in March we can say it was a record winter in terms of high temperatures and high rainfall but no snow. Spring is already in the air, the days are getting longer and with this a general positiveness returns to the people, at least what I see in Halmstad! On a more nega-tive note, 2014 marks 100 years since world war one and I can only hope with the unrest in Europe (es-pecially Ukraine) and Middle East that leaders are reminded of past world wars and do not repeat the mistakes for their predecessors.Now back to SLF! The Board had its annual meeting on 5 February. One of the main decisions made was to decrease SLF’s role in the CSI (Coatings Societies Interna-tional). The CSI has for many years not resulted in any return to ordi-nary members and instead has had significant travel and meeting costs. This has in part been the Board’s own fault. The CSI is now being lead by the Australian association and SLF will follow developments, but will not participate in meetings or host CSI meetings. SLF will still pay the membership fee but have a passive role the coming years. The Australian association has been in-formed about our decision.Another major point of the Board meeting was the decision to launch
SLF’s new home page in early May. National presidents are currently updating contents. Anette Nordsk-og from Norway has lead this work and done a fantastic job. One of the best things with the new home page is the ease with which the contents can be edited, so hopefully there will be fewer complications in keeping the home page updated. The address will be www.slfpaint.org, but will not be active until early May. I should be able to give you more details in the next issue of Färg och Lack Scandinavia.Organisation of the next SLF con-gress in 2015 is progressing. Please again note that it will be held on 16-18 September 2015 in Gothen-burg at the Post Hotel. In this issue you will find the call for papers and information about the sponsorship packages. Please spread this infor-mation to potential sponsors should you meet them during your work-ing day. The success of the congress is much dependent on sponsorship. We aim to have a lower registration fee than in the past with the hope of attracting more members to the congress.As usual if any member would like to discuss any SLF matters with me please feel free to send me an email at [email protected] or tele-phone +46735936301.
Wishing you all a happy spring.
Laszlo Guitman, SLF President
4 March 2014
ISSN 0106-7559
MEDLEMSBLAD FÖR SKANDINAVISKALACKTEKNIKERS FÖRBUND – SLF
INNEHÅLL SidFew words from the president 3SLF Congress, Gothenburg, Sweden 4Swedish SLFs annual meeting 6Referat fra NMFL’s vårmøte 9Plymer shielded biocide technology 10Silicone resin emulsion coatings 16Industrinyt 22Finland 23
PRESIDENTLaszlo GuitmanBäckagårdsvägen 50SE-302 74 Halmstad Telefon: +46735936301Mail: [email protected]
GENERALSEKRETÆR/ANSVARLIG UDGIVERPeter WeissenbornSherwin-Williams Sweden ABP.O.Box 2016SE-19502 Mä[email protected]+46 381 262 60
CHEFREDAKTØRSimon GrevePhoenix PaintDK - 5900 RudkøbingTelefon +45 6251 2828Fax +45 6251 2727Mobile +45 3167 7958Mail: [email protected]
ANNONCER:Simon Greve
OMSLAGSBILD:Trykkeriet.net
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Skandinaviska Lackteknikers Förbund Federation of Scandinavian Paint and Varnish Technologists
Call for papers for the 21st SLF Congress
Gothenburg, SWEDEN 16th – 18th of September 2015
The Federation of Scandinavian Paint and Varnish Technologists (Skandinaviska Lacktecknikers Förbund – SLF) and the Swedish Society for Paint and Varnish Technology (Sveriges Färg och Lacktekniska Föreningen) are proud to invite you to submit abstracts to the 21st SLF Congress The congress theme will be:
Do it yourself, less! Is this where the industry is heading? Are paint producers seeking more efficient ways to manufacture and develop paints and relying more on raw material suppliers and producers of production equipment to streamline production? Are end consumers looking for functional coatings which require less manpower to apply and less maintenance? Are more and more substrates being industrially painted and therefore require no further or minimal DIY painting? The organising committee is now making a call for technical papers. There will be four sessions covering:
• Binders and pigments • Environment and production • R&D and analysis • Paint additives
If you or your company would like to participate with a technical paper within the selected theme of the congress, we ask you to please send your name, paper title and abstract to: [email protected] Each presentation should be 25 to 35 minutes in length and supported by a fully written paper for publication in the congress proceedings. Please note that the deadline for submission of title and abstract is 31st of August 2014 The organising committee will select the best and most appropriate papers for presentation and notify acceptance before the end of 2014.
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Skandinaviska Lackteknikers Förbund Federation of Scandinavian Paint and Varnish Technologists
Sponsorship packages at the SLF Congress in Gothenburg 2015
Gold – 35 000 SEK
• Your company will be promoted with the largest logo size in the Congress programme and SLF Magazine – “Färg och Lack”, stating that you are a gold sponsor.
• Placement of a large size company logo on a large banner in the main hall where morning and afternoon tea will be served, plus logo exposure during the congress dinner stating that you are a gold sponsor. (Normally the SLF congress gets 2-‐4 gold sponsors and this space will be shared).
• Guaranteed lecture during the congress with possibility of handing out promotional material after the lecture and leaving such material on sponsor table in main hall.
• Space in contents page of book of abstracts (paper copy handed out at start of congress). • The congress will only be accepting a maximum of four gold sponsors, so first come first serve.
Silver – 20 000 SEK
• Your company will be promoted with medium logo size in the Congress programme and SLF Magazine – “Färg och Lack”, stating that you are a silver sponsor.
• Placement of a medium company logo on a large banner in the main hall where morning and afternoon tea will be served stating that you are a silver sponsor.
• Possibility of leaving promotional material on the sponsor table in the main hall. • Space in contents page of book of abstracts (paper copy handed out at start of congress).
Bronze – 10 000 SEK
• Your company will be promoted with small logo size in the SLF Magazine – “Färg och Lack”, stating that you are bronze sponsor.
• Placement of a small company logo on a large banner in the main hall where morning and afternoon tea will be served stating that you are a bronze sponsor.
• Display of small logo on projector image during change of lectures. • Space in contents page of book of abstracts (paper copy handed out at start of congress).
Special sponsorship
• Payment of the congress bag with company name/logo on the bag. • Promotional materials in the conference bag, for example bottle opener, pens, paper etc. • Sponsorship of welcome drinks and snacks on arrival evening. • Sponsorship of drinks and snacks after sightseeing trip by boat “Paddan” tour. • Sponsorship of drinks coupon after congress dinner. If you or your company would like sponsor the conference, we ask you to please send name of company and contacts and what sponsorship package you have in mind to: [email protected] . Please note that the deadline for sponsoring is 31st of March 2015. The congress will be held at Post hotel in Gothenburg, Sweden the 16th – 18th of September 2015
6
Implementation of new technology has an enormous impact and influence on future generations. Today can we see how decisions made long time ago affect our daily life. Professor Björn Sandén referred to a tribe of native Indians and their policy regarding decision making. They consider how their current decisions will impact the next seven generations. Is it room for that sort of approach and long term decision making in a quarterly based economy? What will happen, if we not consider the future effects of new technology?
Thousands of years ago our ancestors were hunters and col-lectors and their impact of the environment was very lim-ited. The number of people was small compared to today. A new era started when humans settled down and became farmers. The population started to grow much faster than before and also the impact on the environment.
People still used small amount of energy per person and day, so the overall impact on the environment was still limited. About four hundred years ago deforesting became a problem in Europe. Wood was used as construction materials and fuel for cooking and it affected countries like UK, Spain and Italy. UK and other countries in Southern Europe started to import wood to cover their needs.
The industrial revolution started when coal was used as fuel in steam engines. There was plenty of coal and it was cheap compared to wood. Steam engine was new invention and it could be used for many purposes. Steam engines increased the flexibility for production and transport and lowered costs of manufactured goods. The new technology opened up new markets for products from UK and later from several other countries. The industrial revolution speeded up the production and distribution of goods and trade of industrial goods became international.
Steam engines were used for applications like boats engines, trains engines, mills, saw mills, pumps and improved pro-ductivity in almost all sectors of the industry and farming very rapidly.
During the last 150- 200 years has a lot of the former wildlife almost disappeared from the planet with few excep-
tions. Today are huge areas of our planet reservations and cultivated land. Natural resources are used for our con-sumption and many parts of the world are heavily over-populated. For how long can this go on? Will we manage to take care about the resources and preserve our planet for future generations as well?
Question: Is mankind smarter than yeast?
Yeast will increase the number of cells rapidly and consume all available resources before the number of cells will de-cline in a very short time. Will mankind follow this pattern or will we manage to take care about the resources without destroying the ecosystems around the globe.
The gist of this seminar is that future decisions and im-plementations of new technology will impact our lives on technological, economical, ethical, social basis as well. It might be necessary for states to subsidize new technologies and inhibit and/or ban old technologies, but it is difficult and complicated to challenge the existing order.
All industries and consumers have to contribute by taking their share of the responsibility in order to make our life stiles sustainable.
Sveff (Emma Johansson) Färgmarknaden i Sverige
Update from SVEFF (Swedish Paint Producers Associa-tion). It was a presentation about production volume, export etc.
Dow (Alain Garzon) Acrylic binders
Miljömärkning Sverige AB / EcoLabel (Cecilia Ehrenborg Williams) Framtagning av kriterier och kommande
Social event at Nya Älvsborg FortressNya Älvsborg is a fortress located outside Gothenburg on a small island in the middle of the sea approach to Gothen-burg. After the seminars we took a small boat to the island
Swedish SLF´s annual meeting in Gothenburg 2013 on the 25:th of September.
ProgramCelanese (Louise Hammarlund) Tryckpolymerer, VAE
Chalmers Tekniska högskola (Professor: Björn Sandén) Inspirer
77
and we all looked forward to the exiting activities waiting for us. There was small committee and sunny weather wait-ing for us at Nya Ävsborg. After our arrival were all of us brought to the inside of the fortress and divided in teams consisting of roughly eight members. All contestants followed their team leaders to small cells on the island in order to complete challenges to gather prizes in form of small balls of steel called “dankar”. The challenge for each team was to collect as many prizes as possible. Each challenge was similar to what you have seen in the TV program from Fort Boyard, but less physically and endur-ance focused.Most of our challenges were problems solved by a team and not by individuals. In some case was also the fear factor tested among the participants. It was diversified and funny tasks for each team to solve and all participants contributed to the collection of prizes. It was a social activity that was appreciated among all participants. Our visit also included a historical lesson about Nya Älvs-borg Fortress and we completed our visit with a lovely three course dinner with a touch from the sea.History of the Nya Älvsborg FortressIn 1644 a Danish naval force blocked the sea approach to Gothenburg by occupying of the small island. After the Swedes, with the assistance of the Dutch, succeeded in driv-ing the Danes back, it was decided to build a new fortress. Old Älvsborgs Fortress, which had fallen into disrepair, was decided to be torn down. Construction of the new fortress began in 1653 according to fortification plans drawn up by general Johan Wärnschiöld. Construction was completed in 1677.In 1719 Nya Älvsborg fortress was attacked and bombarded by the Danish navy and it suffered great damage. This was, however, repaired over the following years. During the eighteenth century saw the fortress several reconstructions and extensions. In 1766 the upper part of the tower was dismantled, and the tower was given its current appearance.From the end of the eighteenth century until 1866 the
fortress served as a prison. At most were just over 100 pris-oners located here. In 1868 Nya Älvsborg Fortress ceased to count as a facility of the defence. During the First World War the fortress was used for storage and accommodation. Since 1971 Nya Älvsborg Fortress has been a popular tour-ist attraction. It has a restaurant, a café and a museum.DinnerFinally we were guided to the inner of the fortress by the staff. In the largest room were three long table prepared for all guests. Candles lighted up the dark room with it´s arches of dark red bricks. This room has earlier served as a logement and warehouse etc. All in all participated more than sixty people in the challenges and enjoyed the excellent dinner with the touch of the sea. Once again and on the behalf of all participants at this event I would like to say - thank you - to the members of SLF´s local board in Gothenburg. Anna-Karin Gunnarsson, Martin Lamkén and Bertil Ling you did all a great job and I hope that all of you enjoyed this event as much as I did.
Chairman of SLF in SwedenPeter Fehér
8
Total Reactive Technology. The new ceiling in epoxy flooring performance.
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behind Total Reactive Technology.
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and Ancamine 2739 for fast curing and extended pot life.
For more about the new technology that’s turning the old rules of
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99
Referat fra NMLF’s vårmøte 5.3.14Den 5. mars ble årets vårmøte i NMLF avholdt på Magasinet Kafe i Sandefjord. Møtet ble innle-det med et faglig foredrag av Ulrich Hundhausen fra Treteknisk Institutt i Oslo. Han fortalte om kvistgulning fra furu og gikk inn på både årsaker og tiltak for å motvirke gulningen. Ved hjelp av ekstraksjonsforsøk kunne de enkelte kjemiske komponentene som bidrar til at kvistgulningen finer sted, identifiseres. Videre ble det gjort forsøk på å teste innflytelse fra trebehandlingen før mal-ing, som f. eks. grad av fuktighet i treverket. Den største effekten for å motvirke kvistgulning ble allikevel funnet å være grunningen som påføres før maling, og her ble en rekke alternativer fra forskjellige leverandører testet.
Foredraget ble fulgt opp med et vinforedrag av Lars Martin Moland. Han fortalte om viner fra Sør-Afrika og hadde med seg fire smaksprøver.
Lars Martin er utdannet vinkelner, jobber på Vin-monopolet og driver dessuten nettstedet vindrua.no. Sør-Afrika har en yngre vintradisjon enn mange europeiske land, men har de siste årene blitt veldig gode. To røde og to hvite viner med stor smaksbredde ble testet med god innsats fra de fremmøtte, og bidro til at det ble en livlig og hyggelig kveld.Foredraget gled over i et godt måltid med tapas-retter tilpasset Sør-Afrika, laget av Nina og Dag ved Magasinet Café. 34 deltagere fra NMLF deltok på møtet.
ReferentAnette Nordskog
10
26 European Coatings JOURNAL 02 l 2014 www.european-coatings.com
Technical PaperBiocides
Polymer shielded biocide technologyTechnology enhances protection and meets regulatory and performance requirements
Emmanuelle YvonPaul Wood
Current legislation greatly restricts the choice of biocides that can be used in paints. A new Polymer Shielded Technology for waterborne paints uses a synergistic mixture of two biocides known as DCOIT and IPBC, protected in a polymer, to give superior long-term performance of coatings.
Microorganisms can adapt to a range of extreme environments, and when conditions are opti-mal they can proliferate. Contamination occurs
in most cases from the environment or from an already contaminated substrate which has been inadequately sanitised, or indeed not sanitised at all, prior to re-paint-ing. Damp, shaded, north facing elevations of buildings
Contact:Emmanuelle Yvon Dow Microbial Control T +41 44 728 23 82 [email protected]
with overhanging trees are usually where the most ex-tensive microbial growth is observed. Additionally, in the countryside wherever there is an excessive use of ferti-liser (both organic and inorganic) this can also promote microbial growth on all elevations of a building.In high summer in Central Europe, one cubic metre of air often contains more than 20,000 fungal spores and algae. By comparison, during the same time period, the pollen content of the air is significantly lower with a maximum of 2,000 particles. If one of these spores lands on a surface with suitable growth conditions, germination will occur and the substrate will become colonised.Subsequently more spores will be produced, and growth will occur anywhere that adequate living conditions ex-ist for this particular species, with the entire surface be-coming overgrown in a very short period of time.
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Technical PaperBiocides
27www.european-coatings.com 02 l 2014 European Coatings JOURNAL
Results at a glance The use of biocides is essential in exterior paints,
not only to preserve the appearance of the paint itself, but also to avoid damage to the substrate as a result of paint failure.
However, current legislation greatly restricts the choice of biocides, and future legislation will add further restrictions.
Some ‘controlled release’ biocide technologies have been shown in practice to produce unacceptable levels of free formaldehyde or free active biocide.
A new Polymer Shielded Technology for water-borne paints uses a synergistic mixture of two biocides known as DCOIT and IPBC, protected in a polymer, to give superior long-term performance of coatings. This provides longer-lasting protection, while allowing higher levels of DCOIT to be used without requiring safety labelling.
Initial long-term exposure trials show that the protective technology improves UV resistance, improving performance in exterior applications.
Figure 1: The colonising life cycle of micro-organisms
Figure 2: Surface moulds and algae will colonise any surface
In the initial stages an essentially pure culture of algae or fungi is present. In the later stages, other organisms may grow by using the dead algae or fungi as a nutri-ent source. Bacteria have also been isolated from the cured films of both interior and external coatings and are thought by some workers to be the initial colonisers.Due to their comparatively slow rate of growth, lichens (a symbiotic partnership of fungi and algae) appear much later but are also an indicator of good air quality. Fungi usually do not grow on an inert material, i.e. a material that has no nutritional content, unless dead algae are present which can be used as the food source. Therefore, in many cases fungal growth follows algal growth (see Figures 1 and 2).
Biocides protect substrates as well as paints
From the consumers’ viewpoint, it is highly desirable to maintain the aesthetic aspects of coatings, thereby stopping the premature discoloration of painted façades and surfaces. This is relevant to both solvent- and water-based coatings. Preventive building technology meas-ures are often not enough to inhibit the growth of micro-organisms, typically when a freshly painted white façade becomes grey, black, green or orange after only a short time.In addition to the undesirable colour changes, damage to the substrate also occurs due to the increase in water
uptake. Loss of adhesion of the paint and plaster (blister-ing and flaking) can also occur as well as partial damage to masonry, concrete, sandy limestone, fibrous cement, concrete roofing slabs and joints, giving rise to failure of the coating.Whilst the initial pH of cementitious substrates or those treated with silicate-based coatings may be too high to prevent initial colonisation, weathering and erosion of the coating over time will allow fungi and algae to grow. Film breakdown can also be caused by the corrosive metabolites produced by microbial growth, mainly acids.The interiors of buildings provide an additional argument for the use of permanent protection agents: the health hazard presented by fungal spores in the air. Respiratory tract and lung diseases are more prevalent in damp liv-
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Technical PaperBiocides
28 European Coatings JOURNAL 02 l 2014 www.european-coatings.com
ing quarters than in dry ones, because the respiratory tract is in constant contact with mould spores. In addi-tion, a high concentration of mould spores can lead to allergic-immunological illnesses as a result of reaction to mould antigens.Film protection agents serve to maintain the aesthetic appearance of materials, to protect these materials and to support health and hygiene considerations. Building technology (regulation of humidity by adequate venti-lation) or chemical protection measures, biocide treat-ment, can be used preventively. Their use is, however, unavoidable when the damage has already occurred.Again this is relevant for both solvent-and waterbased coatings. Additionally, with time fungicidal and algaecid-al actives can be lost from the cured film due to evapora-
Figure 4: Representation (left) and electron micrograph (right) showing the “Polymer Shielded Technology”
1 Bearable 2 Equitable 3 Sustainable 4 Viable
1 2
4
Social
EconomicEnvironment
3
Figure 3: Venn diagram of sustainable development: at the overlap of three constituent parts [1]
tion, leaching or weathering due to harsh environmental conditions. An underestimated issue is that actives can also diffuse into the substrate, therefore not being avail-able at the outer surface and so possibly leading to premature failure of the coating.
Developing sustainability criteria for biocides
Before defining what can be a sustainable technology, it is important to define the term ‘sustainability’. It can be described as the capacity to ‘endure’. For humans, sustainability is the potential for long-term maintenance of well-being and requires the reconciliation of environ-mental, social equity and economic demands - the ‘three pillars’ of sustainability (Figure 3).Sustainable development is not a universally accepted principle and has undergone various interpretations. What sustainability is, what its goals should be, and how these goals are to be achieved are all open to interpreta-tion. Sustainable chemistry builds upon the principles of green chemistry by integrating economic viability and social benefits across the lifecycle, for a given applica-tion.More sustainable products require more efficient use of materials and resources, and must also be profitable and useful to society. The responsible use of biocides is critical for sustainable development (it retains a hygienic environment, increases durability of products, process fluids and allows use of waterbased or natural products) but biocides also have an impact on the environment that must be mitigated.Therefore, an advanced sustainable microbial control technology should do its job effectively (prevent the growth of nuisance and harmful microorganisms, pre-serve materials and processes) but then should have no or minimal environmental impact in that it is degradable, non-persistent, non-accumulative, can be collected and recycled and destroyed.The technology should also not harm workers, products or processes, downstream users, the environment and society in general. Developing such advanced Sustain-able Microbial Control requires a deep understanding of the applications, the problems, the microbial ecology, the chemistry and the regulations.
Biocide choice and future regulatory changes
When considering commercially available fungicides/ algaecides and combination products, the question soon arises: why are there so many products? Reading the technical descriptions of the various biocide formulations available can be very confusing for the paint technolo-gist. Which criteria should be applied when choosing a fungicide/algaecide and what must be taken into consideration in order to ensure good long-term, leach-out stable protection? The most important points are listed in Table 1.The introduction of the European Biocidal Products Direc-tive (BPD) 98/8/EC in May 2000 which is being replaced by the Biocidal Products Regulation (BPR) as of 1 Sep-tember 2013 has already severely limited the choice of
book
tip THE BIOCIDES
BUSINESS
D. J. Knight / M. Cooke
www.european- coatings.com/books
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29www.european-coatings.com 02 l 2014 European Coatings JOURNAL
Technical PaperBiocides
General requirements for biocides
(* Especially important for exterior applications)
Stable over a wide pH range (both in wet state and cured film)
Low vapour pressure of the active components
No discolouration of the product to be protected *
No incompatibility – no effect on rheology
Easy to disperse and handle
Cost-effective
Stable long-term protection without leach-out *
UV stable *
Broad spectrum of activity against all commonly occurring species *
Low toxicity to humans
Low environmental toxicity *
Biodegradable active components
Meet all legislative requirements of the country
No heavy metals, for example zinc *
Table 1: Summary of requirements for effective biocidal systems
Calculated free terbutryn in paint based on level declared in ‘controlled release’ biocides
Terbutryn actually measured in paint
Total terbutryn calculated as if all actives released in paint
Terbutryn amount in ppm 50 333 400
Table 2: Amount of controlled released algaecide found in a formulated paint
actives available for this application. At the same time, environmental and human health issues have arisen which led the company’s research and development team to investigate ways in which these obstacles could be met and overcome.The challenge was to take active ingredients which would survive the regulatory review of the BPD/BPR whilst at the same time continuing to be readily bio-available at the surface of the coating thus still providing long-term, leach-out resistant and cost-effective performance.In the meantime, the European Union has placed frequently used ‘classic’ algaecides including Diuron (CAS Number 330-54-1) and Isoproturon (CAS Number 34123-59-6), on the List of Priority Substances in the field of water policy, in Annex X of the Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC), along with thirty-one other chemical substances.A recent proposal (Proposal for a Directive 2011/0429 (COD)) added 15 more chemical substances to Annex X including Terbutryn (CAS Number 886-50-0). Those sub-stances showing some persistence in the environment will now come under increasing scrutiny with regard to residue levels in soil and surface and ground-water contamination and subsequent use limits may well prevent their continued usage as dry film preservatives.The lack of rapid degradation in the environment, associ-ated with a potential for surface and ground-water con-tamination, will adversely impact their evaluation under the BPR for any dispersive uses including PT7 (exterior paints) and PT10 (construction material preservatives) and even if they were finally approved, may make them candidates for substitution.
Problems with controlled release technologies
The first generation of what are called absorbed actives utilised melamine/urea-formaldehyde resins, which, whilst being effective, gave rise to unacceptable levels of formaldehyde in the customers’ final coating (hundreds to a thousand ppm formaldehyde was found in so called ‘protected’ biocidal products). In France, under the Ar-rêté du 13 Juillet 2006 (French Health and Safety Legisla-tion) such high levels of formaldehyde require specialist equipment in the manufacturing plant and personal pro-tective equipment to be used by applicators in factories.In addition, for some controlled released technologies, it is reported that no environmental labelling is needed in the final paint formulation using such technology, based on the amount of free active declared in the biocidal product. However, analytical tests have shown (Table 2) that the release process is much faster in the paint than in the biocidal product and is dependent on parameters including pH, temperature, surfactants etc.
It is therefore important to check first that such tech-nology, when used, would allow paint formulators to be compliant with both current and indeed future legislation by conducting adequate tests in their final paint.In the example just given in Table 2, the amount of free Terbutryn theoretically calculated in the paint from the use of a ‘controlled release’ biocidal formula-tion does not trigger N-labelling. However, when ana-lysed, the amount of free Terbutryn in the paint would actually give rise to N-labelling of the customer’s final product (the threshold for N-labelling of Terbutryn being 250 ppm).
Meeting environmental criteriaThe problems outlined above show why it is important to select biocides that would satisfy the following sustain-ability criteria: » Formaldehyde-free » Active ingredients not based on heavy metals, for example zinc, » Not containing any active ingredients on the EU water-watch list, » Labelling-free according to current EU legislation, » Should improve UV resistance,
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Technical PaperBiocides
30 European Coatings JOURNAL 02 l 2014 www.european-coatings.com
0.1
BacteriaMIC*
AlgaeMIC*
FungiMIC*
DCOIT
1 10 100
Pseudomonas cepaciaPseudomonas aeruginosa
Escherichia collStaphylococcus aureus
Bacillus subtilisNostoc commune
Microcystis aeruginosaUlothrix acuminata
Scenedesmus quadricaudaChlorococum oleofaciens
Chlorella pyrenoidosaCandida albidcansUlocladium atrum
Cladosporium cladosporoidesAspergillus niger
Aureobasidium pullulans
ppm
Figure 5: Minimum Inhibitory Concen-tration (MIC) values of DCOIT for various micro-organisms
Figure 6: Reduction of skin sensitisation profile
Figure 7: Styrene acrylic paint, 6 months North/60 degree exposure, after pre-aging
» Should improve the leach-out profile, » Improved long-term protection against microbial disfigurement, » Pose no threat to the environment, be readily biodegradable, » Pose no threat to the health of the user, reduce any harmful effect associated with the active ingredient(s).
Following an extensive search for an inert carrier which exhibited all of the required characteristics, a polymer was selected. The chosen polymer showed a consistent and uniform particle size without any agglomeration in the continuous phase. This would have served to cause the biocidal actives to coagulate and form larger particles which could ultimately be seen in the dried film of the coating.Such large particles present in any other systems have been shown to be not very mobile and do not migrate to the surface, therefore adversely affecting the bio-avail-ability profile. This led to the development of “Polymer Shielded Technology”. This is a patented process where-by the active ingredients are enveloped (Figure 4) using a pure acrylic polymer, and trials to date show that all of the above criteria are more than fulfilled.
Combined active ingredients show synergy
In addition, this technology associates two actives that are complementary and offer outstanding performances when combined. Firstly, DCOIT, 4,5-Dichloro-2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CAS Number 64359-81-5) is known to have a high biological activity against algae, fungi and even bacteria (Figure 5). As far as fungi are concerned, this active inhibits the growth of many species at low use levels. Its efficacy against Aureobasidium pullulans (the fungus predominantly responsible for the development of mildew in exterior paints) is particularly noteworthy.
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Technical PaperBiocides
It is also important to mention that DCOIT has an extremely low water solubility (2 ppm) making it very resistant against being leached from the paint film by ambient moisture and it therefore offers excellent long term resistance. In addition, DCOIT is readily biodegrad-able: it is non-persistent in the environment, breaking down readily into harmless compounds.This makes DCOIT one of the few algaecides with the best environmental profile. DCOIT is also registered as an effective algaecide for marine anti-fouling applica-tions (BPD PT 21) and has received a United States Presi-dential Green Chemistry Challenge Award based on its excellent eco-toxicological profile, its fast biodegradation in the environment and its minimal potential for bioac-cumulation.Secondly, IPBC, 3-iodo -2 propynyl-butylcarbamate (CAS Number 55406-53-6) is also an excellent well-known fungicide and offers great boosting efficiency when fresh paint film is applied on walls and is initially particularly sensitive to fungal growth.This outstanding combination of actives is protected with the “Polymer Shielded Technology” in order to offer additional benefits: » Improved safety profile versus alternative technologies » Increased UV stability » Increased addition options with no labelling » Excellent water-leaching properties » Sustainable, cost effective long-term protection
Additionally, independently generated data using the internationally recognised and accepted Buehler test (one of the methods recommended in the OECD 406 guideline) has also shown that this technology signifi-cantly reduces the risk of skin sensitisation associated with DCOIT (Figure 6). Indeed, DCOIT is highly lipophilic and has a high affinity with the polymer protecting the actives. Consequently, a very low free DCOIT concentra-tion is present in the paint and therefore, a higher total amount of DCOIT can be added without increasing the skin sensitisation risk.In addition to this improved safety profile, the technol-ogy offers additional UV protection. The first long-term exposure trials using a combination of DCOIT and IPBC with such protected technology (“Bioban 350 PST”), show considerable promise when compared against another protected technology containing heavy metal, for exam-ple zinc in combination with an algaecide due to early failure based on accelerated release (Figure 7). Thus, this protected biocide technology contributes to sustainable development by using biodegradable actives that have a favourable environmental profile in a way which provides efficiency at low dosages and superior protection. í
REFERENCE[1] Adams W. M., The Future of Sustainability: Re-thinking Environ-
ment and Development in the Twenty-first Century, Report of the IUCN Renowned Thinkers Meeting, 29–31 January 2006, retrieved 2009-02-16 from http://cmsdata.iucn.org/downloads/iucn_future_of_sustanability.pdf
European Coatings Conference
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16
A Lork
F&E Department, Wacker-Chemie-GmbH, Johannes-Hess-Strasse 2484489 Burghausen, Germany
This paper was presented as a lecture at the PRA conference, 30th June to1st July, Brussels
Silicone resin emulsion coatings: The strength profile of the silicone resinnetwork in paint microstructures
SummarySilicone resin cmulsion coatings: The strength profile of the silicone resin net-work in paint microstructures
Since its introduction in 1963, silicone resin emulsion paint (SREP) has developed into a modernfacade coating system. Silicone resin emulsion paints combine the good properties of mineral andsynthetic resin-bound facade-coating systems in an ideal way.
The strength profile of silicone resin within the paint microstructure stems from its three-dimen-sionally cross-linked, modified-quartz structure, the silicone resin network. High-resolution SEM(scanning electron microscopy) microscopy demonstrates how silicone resin forms nanoscale net-work structures that can envelop fillers and perfectly line pores without sealing them. The siliconeresin network strengthens the pores and renders them water-repellent. The high affinity of the sili-cone resin for polar, mineral fillers, even for calcium carbonate substrates, results from its uniquemolecular structure, the inorganic/organic hybrid nature.SREP® is a registered trademark of Wack-er-Chemie
Revêtements siloxanes: La force du réseau siloxane jusque dans la microstruc-ture des peintures
Depuis leur introduction en 1963, les peintures siloxanes sont devenues un des revêtements defaçades les plus modernes. Les peintures siloxanes combinent de façon idéale les propriétés desproduits à base de liant minéral et des produits à base de liant organique.
La force de la résine siloxane à l’intérieur de la microstructure du film de peinture résulte d’une rétic-ulation tridimensionnelle d’une résine siloxane similaire à une structure quartz modifiée. La micro-scopie à balayage à haure résolution démontre comment les résines siloxanes forment une structurede quelques nanomètres, qui va envelopper les charges et enrober les pores sans les boucher. Larésine siloxane va donc renforcer les pores et les hydrofuger. L’importante affinité de la résine silox-ane pour les charges minérales y-compris de type calcium-carbonate est le résulat d’une structuremoléculaire unique hybride de nature organique/inorganique.
Siliconharzbeschichtungen: die Stärke des Siliconharznetzwerkes imMikrogefüge von Farben
Seit seiner Markteinführung im Jahre 1963 ist die Siliconharzfarbe zu einer modernen Fas-sadenbeschichtung weiterentwickelt worden. Siliconharzfarben vereinen in idealer Weise die gutenEigenschaften von Mineralfarben und Kunstharz-gebundenen Fassadenbeschichtungen.
Das Stärkenprofil des Siliconharzes im Mikrogefüge von Farben resultiert aus seiner dreidimen-sional vernetzten, modifizierten Quarz-Struktur, dem Siliconharznetzwerk. HochauflösendeRasterelektronenmikroskopie zeigt die Ausbildung nanoskaliger Netzwerkstrukturen, die Füllstoffeumhüllen und in perfekter Weise Poren auskleiden ohne sie zu verschliessen. Das Siliconharznet-zwerk verstärkt die Poren und rüstet sie wasserabweisend aus. Die hohe Affinität des Siliconharzeszu polaren, mineralischen Substraten -einschliesslich Calciumcarbonat-, resultiert aus seiner einzi-gartigen molekularen Struktur, dem anorganisch organischen Hybridcharakter.
SREP® is a registered trademark of Wacker-Chemie
For correspondence contact
A Lork
F&E Department, Wacker-Chemie-GmbH, Johannes-Hess-Strasse 24 84489 Burghausen, Germany
Tel: +49 8677 834887 Email: [email protected]: +49 867 833249
Copyright OCCA 2004
1Surface Coatings International Part B: Coatings TransactionsVol.87, B1, 1–xx, January 2004
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2 Surface Coatings International Part B: Coatings TransactionsVol.87, B1, 1–xx, January 2004
Silicone resin emulsion coatings: The strength profile of the silicone resin network inpaint microstructures
A Lork
IntroductionThe porous surface structure ofhydrophilic mineral wall constructionmaterial makes it essential to apply pro-tective exterior coatings. The mostimportant technical requirement for agood coating, therefore, is that it shouldprotect the outer wall against water, pol-lutants, chemical and microbial attack.Because most damaging effects requirewater, the facades should be low waterabsorbing. An effective protection fromwater requires low water absorption, aswell as good water vapour permeability,to ensure that the walls can dry outquickly when damp. A coating featuringboth properties together provides opti-mal protection of facades, extending thedurability of the masonry constructiononto which it is applied. To offer thiscombination is exactly the specificstrength of silicone resin emulsion paint(SREP*).
Silicone resins are eminently suitable foruse in masonry protection due to theirunique molecular structure with twoopposing properties: its polar bondingnature confered by the Si-O-Si linkageand the nonpolar nature of its methylgroups.1,2 Silicone resins make open-pore coatings possible because they ren-der pores water-repellent and reinforcethe microstructure. Reinforcement ispossible by means of interactions withthe inorganic fillers and pigments, andbecause of improved compatibility withthe organic polymer dispersion.
The aim of this present study is to take acloser look at the distribution of the sili-cone resin network in the paintmicrostructure and to describe the differ-ences in the function of the two bindersin the silicone resin emulsion paint,3 thesilicone resin binder and the organicpolymer binder. Further basic key ques-tions are:
1. How does the network-forming sili-cone resin attach itself to mineralsubstrates?
2. Is there a good affinity for the mostcommonly used mineral fillers inpaints, even for calcite?
There is reason to believe that the out-standing durability, the long-lastinghydrophobic effect and the attractiveappearence of highly porous siliconeresin emulsion paints on real-life facadesof buildings4 mainly derive from the sili-cone resin network.
Principle and theorybehind SREP technologySilicone resin emulsion paints combinethe benefits of mineral and polymer dis-persion-bound coatings. The siliconeresin binder gives the silicone resin emul-sion paint its mineral-like character.Methyl silicone resin, most commonlyused in paint formulations, tends to beinorganic in nature because of its three-dimensionally cross-linked modified-quartz structure. Unlike quartz (SiO2),however, every fourth oxygen atom isreplaced by an organic group (R) havinga water-repellent (hydrophobic)effect.2,5,6 Methyl silicone resin is pre-dominantly inorganic: only 11% byweight is thermally degradable organiccontent; the rest is pure silicon dioxide.This underlines the close relationship tonatural quartz.
Model of how the silicone resinnetworks workContrary to conventional latex paints,some of the organic polymer dispersionis replaced by the silicone resin binder insilicone resin emulsion paints. The keydifference is that silicone resin binderalso allows for formulations using lessoverall binder. Due to the organic poly-mer binder deficit in the SREP, pores areonly incompletely sealed and waterwould easily be absorbed. Thus, siliconeresin makes it possible to formulateabove the critical PVC (pigment volumeconcentration) without losing the neces-sary water repellent properties. HighPVC, open-pore coatings can only fulfiltheir claim to combine a high degree ofwater vapour permeability with a lowwater absorption coefficient if their manypores are rendered water-repellent bythe silicone resin network.
In the model of the binder distribution3
of an open-pore, high-quality siliconeresin emulsion paint with a PVC >60%,the binder is distributed such that thepores are coated but not sealed (see Fig-ure 1). Due to the lack of dispersionbinder, interstices between filler particleshave been incompletely filled and poresremain open. The polymer binder formsmore or less isolated adhesion points thatact as adhesive bridges between the indi-vidual filler or pigment particles. But itcan no longer seal pores to a substantialextent. To achieve good moisture protec-tion, the exposed mineral fillers and pig-ments must be more or less completelycovered by a water-repellent siliconeresin network, as shown in the SEMmicrograph (see Figure 1).
From theory to reality: Themicrostructure of a silicone resinemulsion paintBy analysing the microstructure of sili-cone resin emulsion paint,3,4 it was pos-sible to fully confirm the accuracy of theconsiderations discussed above. The keyquestions of the analysis are the visuali-sation of the silicone resin network andthe determination of how the polymerdispersion is distributed.
Is there a way of visually distinguishingbetween organic polymer dispersion andsilicone resin emulsion binder in thepaint microstructure? Which microscop-ic technology would be feasible and howdoes sample preparation improve theresults?
Sample production, preparationand analytical methodsMost of the analysed, cured paint sam-ples were conventional high-qualitySREP guide formulations3 with a PVC of62%, which were formulated to havehard styrene-acrylic resins (binder ratio:
Figure 1: Mode of action of silicone resin emulsion paints. Approach for reducing moisturein open-pore coatings: Left: The polymer binder forms narrow adhesive bridges because ofbinder deficiency, fillers are completely enveloped by the silicone resin network; Right:SEM micrograph, nanoscale TiO2 is perfectly covered by the silicone resin network
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3Surface Coatings International Part B: Coatings TransactionsVol.87, B1, 1–xx, January 2004
Silicone resin emulsion coatings: The strength profile of the silicone resin network inpaint microstructuresA Lork
ten parts polymer dispersion : ten parts silicone resin emulsion,both 50% solid content). Some of the samples were etched with10% HNO3, in the expectation that this would make it easier tovisualise the organic binder distribution in the paint microstruc-ture.
The SEM paint samples were broken perpendicularly to thepaint surface. Silicone resin-coated individual filler particleswere strewn on sample holders. Analyses were performed onultra-thin carbon-coated specimens to produce conductive sur-faces, or on uncoated specimens, to avoid artefact formation.High-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy(HRFE-SEM) performed at maximum resolution is the only suit-able method for visualising the expected nanoscale siliconeresin network.
The organic polymer binder in the SREP microstructure
The overview micrograph (see Figure 2a) shows that the poly-mer dispersion still has a tendency to seal micropores by filmformation in a porous paint microstructure (see arrow). Notice-able film thicknesses are typical of the organic polymer binder.Figures 2b to 2d are based on silicone resin emulsion paints,where the polymer binder exhibits the desired filler bonding atnarrow adhesive sites, as shown in Figure 2b (see arrow). Themicropores appear to be open. At this magnification, the sili-cone resin network that is suggested to envelope all exposedmineral fillers, still cannot be seen!
Whereas non-acid-etched samples always yield smooth films(see Figures 2a and 2b), the polymer emulsion in etched sam-ples has a strikingly rough structure (see Figures 2c and 2d). Fig-
ure 2c reveals rough structures on the outside of the thick poly-mer film which fails to completely wet its mineral substrate (seearrow) because of the organic polymer binder deficiency in theSREP. A higher resolution of the etched polymer film shows cir-cular structures that must be ascribed to the primary particlenature of the polymer dispersion.3,7 It possibly results from anacid attack of hydrophilic components in the interstitial phasesof the primary latex particles.3 Apart from its higher film thick-ness, this striking surface structure offers one way of easilyrecognising the organic polymer dispersion.
The silicone resin network in the SREP microstructure
Figure 3 is based on samples of high quality silicone resin emul-sion paints. The overview (see Figure 3a) reveals a typical distri-bution of the organic polymer binder (see black arrow). At ahigher magnification (see Figure 3b), small menisci betweenmineral particles indicate the presence of the silicone resin net-work (see white arrow).
The network (see Figures 3c and 3d) uniformly covers thenanoscale TiO2 with extremely thin, barely visible films (seearrow), strengthening the paint microstructure in the nanome-tre range while preserving its microporosity (see Figure 3d).Extremely thin menisci in filler gaps (see arrow) are always asure sign that silicone resin is present. At the highest resolution(magnification >60,000x), the resin component can mostly bepositively identified. Unlike the film formed by the polymerbinder (see Figures 2c and 2d), the surface of the silicone resinnetwork is not visibly changed by acid attack.
Figure 2: FE-SEM secondary electron (SE) micrographs of the distribution of organic polymer binder in a silicone resin emulsion paint(except for Figure 2a), paint sample broken perpendicularly: (a) film-forming behaviour of the polymer dispersion of a formulation thatcontains a slightly higher quantity of polymer dispersion (12 parts), the bright, finely divided particles are TiO2; (b) typical isolatedadhesion points in pore voids; (c-d) paint specimens etched with 10% HNO3: the roughened structures of the thick polymer film arecaused by corrosive acid etching
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4 Surface Coatings International Part B: Coatings TransactionsVol.87, B1, 1–xx, January 2004
Silicone resin emulsion coatings: The strength profile of the silicone resin network inpaint microstructures
A Lork
The SREP microstructure: Results at a glanceHigh resolution scanning electron micrographs give impressivepictures of a scarcely visible, nanoscale silicone coating, whichcompletely covers the pigment particles (TiO2) and fillers andsimultaneously reinforces the structure on a nanoscale, whilststill retaining very high porosity.
The distinguishing feature of the silicone resin network is amuch lower coating thickness than the polymer film (see Figures2b and 3c), whose minimal thickness is determined by the poly-mer dispersion’s particle size and is generally greater than100nm. As a consequence, the nanoscale TiO2 particles (seeFigure 2b) are ‘drowning’ in the polymer film (see arrow).
The properties of dry films are proportionate to the volume con-centration of binders in the coating. The organic polymer emul-sion and the silicone resin emulsion both have comparable den-sities and therefore there is essentially no distinction involume-related differences. However, the silicone resin has ahigher affinity to the mineral substrates, and because it is a bet-ter spreading agent than the organic polymer, is uniformly dis-tributed on the substrate.
The silicone resin network renders the pores hydrophobic andreinforces their structure, thus supporting the binding functionof the polymer dispersion. The silicone resin network is hardand brittle. Flexibility is increased by the random distribution ofthe organic polymer in the microstructure.
The hardness of the network, as well as its lack of hygroplastic-ity and thermoplasticity, plays a significant role in the highdegree of weathering resistance and dirt resistance in
the silicone resin system. The addition of an organic polymerdispersion in SREPs, apart from boosting binding power, leadsto further improvements in quality.7
How is the silicone resin network attachedto mineral substrates?Silicone resin makes high PVC coatings possible because, first,it renders the pores water-repellent, and second, it additionallyreinforces the microstructure. This reinforcement is achieved bymeans of various interactions, mainly with the inorganic sub-strate (fillers/pigments), but also, on account of improved com-patibility, with the organic substrate (polymer dispersion).8
A closer look will be given to the high affinity of the siliconeresin for the mineral substrate. Special attention will be paid tothe structure of the silicone resin molecule, its attachment tofillers and its mode of action.9
Theory of how the silicone resin attaches to acalcium carbonate fillerIn a simplified scheme the silicone resin attachment to a calci-um carbonate filler is shown (see Figure 4). The mechanisms bywhich the silicone resin attaches itself to calcium carbonate arethe subject of much controversy.9–12 While it is acknowledgedthat many of the reactive silanol groups (Si-OH) are present onsilicate mineral surfaces (eg quartz, sheet silicates),10–12 this is notalways accepted in the case of calcite.11,12 Network attachmentcan be explained in terms of the crystal structure of the calcitewhich agrees with the perfect network coating demonstrated inthis article (see Figure 5). The attempt by Ca2+ to achieve hexa-
Figure 3: Secondary electron (SE) micrographs of the binder distribution and the silicone resin network of a high-quality SREP,perpendicular break: (a) a narrow, thick polymer film is partially bonding fillers (see black arrow), whereas the silicone resin network is notto be seen at this magnification; (b) this detail from Figure 3a (see white arrow) shows the silicone resin network covering the finestparticles; (c-d) visualisation of the silicone resin network requires high resolution, preferably on acid-etched samples (10% HNO3)
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5Surface Coatings International Part B: Coatings TransactionsVol.87, B1, 1–xx, January 2004
Silicone resin emulsion coatings: The strength profile of the silicone resin network inpaint microstructuresA Lork
valent coordination on the crystal surface promotes the attachment of hydroxylgroups,10 as evidenced by the rise of pH value in the crystal surfaces. It only takes acombination of physical adhesion (surface roughness) and a few attachment sites onthe silicone resin molecule for surface coating to occur via widely spaced OH groups.
Affinity of silicone resin for calcium carbonate and cristobalite
Network attachment to commonly used fillers was studied by means of tests describedin reference 9. Fillers in aqueous solution brought into a brief contact with silicone
resin (filler batch) were washed outimmediately with water. Water dropletsapplied on the dried filler residue sug-gest a high degree of water-repellency(high contact angle) (see Figure 5, left).The implication is that the silicone resinimmediately coats the polar substratesand can no longer be removed.
The proof is in the microstructure: thepolar calcite and cristobalite fillers thatcame into contact with the silicone resinare perfectly enveloped by the siliconeresin network (see Figure 5, right). Onlyhigh-resolution FE-SEM micrographsindicate the existence of the network,showing rounded crystal edges (see Fig-ure 1b) or barely visible menisci (see Fig-ure 2b) (see arrow).
Structure-effect relationship ofthe silicone resin molecule:Results at a glanceThere is excellent attachment of the sili-cone resin to the fillers under investiga-tion. The similarly good attachment ofthe silicone resin to calcium carbonate isreflected in complete encapsulation bythe network.
Silicone resin is unique in its molecularstructure due to its inorganic and organ-ic hybrid character. The inorganic back-bone of the silicone resin molecule has alow rotational energy requirement of theSi-O-Si linkage1,8,9 and therefore willorient itself at the surface of inorganicsubstrates.
Due to the strong polarity of the Si-Obonds of the silicone resin molecule anddue to its high spreading pressure, sili-cone resin can coat polar mineral sub-
Figure 4: Simplified scheme of the structure-effect relationship between silicone resin andmineral substrate as exemplified by calcium carbonate:9 Whereas the inorganic, polarsiloxane backbone (Si-O-Si) is attracted by polar mineral substrates (calcium carbonate),the non-polar, highly water-repellent CH3
-groups are outwardly pointing. Thus, there isevidence to suggest that silicones on mineral substrates align themselves with the poresand capillary walls in paint layers
Figure 5: Hydrophobic effect of mineral fillers coated with silicone resin according to reference:8 Left: Silicone-resin-coated fillers (sample1: Calcium carbonate = CaCO3, sample 2: Cristobalite = SiO2) are evenly strewn on glass plates and a water droplet was applied to it; Right:(1a-2b) FE-SEM images show envelopment of filler surfaces by silicone resin networks: (1) CaCO3, (2) SiO2
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6 Surface Coatings International Part B: Coatings TransactionsVol.87, B1, 1–xx, January 2004
Silicone resin emulsion coatings: The strength profile of the silicone resin network inpaint microstructures
A Lork
strates very quickly and remainsanchored there.
Conclusions� Scanning electron microscopy
unequivocally allows one to visu-alise the distribution of the two dif-ferent binders in a silicone resinemulsion paint microstructure: theorganic polymer binder and the sili-cone resin binder.
� The silicone resin network perfectlyencapsulates mineral fillers andinorganic pigments, thus renderingthe highly porous silicone resinemulsion paint water-repellent andadditionally reinforceing the paintmicrostructure.
� The ‘inorganic backbones’ of sili-cone resin molecules prefer to alignthemselves on the surface of polarmineral substrates due to the polarnature of the Si-O-Si bond. It wasdemonstrated that the network cov-ering is perfect, even on calciumcarbonate, which is generally con-sidered to be difficult to coat withsilicones.
� The special molecular structure ofthe silicone resin makes it ideal forthe use in masonry protection. Theexcellent substrate attachment ofthe silicone resin also results from acertain mobility of the siloxanebackbone and the low surface ener-gy of the non-polar methyl groups.
References:1. Pfeiffer J and J Weis, ‘Silicone,
Multitalente aus Sand –Eigenschaften und Anwendungen’CLB, Silicon-Chemie, 53, (2),128–35, 2002
2. Mayer H, ‘The chemistry and prop-erties of silicone resins’, AqueousSilicone-resin Coating Systems forExteriors, 522, 63–80, (ed) WSchulze, Renningen-Malmsheim,1997
3. Lork A, I König-Lumer and H Mayer,‘Fine network shows strength ofcharacter’, ECJ, 12, 14–21, 2002
4. Lork A, ‘Silicone resin emulsionpaint: The perfect all-round facadeprotection’, Congress Papers of the17th SLF Congress, ‘Future Trends inCoatings Technology’, 375–86, 7thto 9th September, Stockholm
5. Pfeiffer J and J Weis, ‘Silicone,Multitalente aus Sand –Eigenschaften und Anwendungen‘CLB, Silicon-Chemie, 53, (1), 84–9,2002
6. Tomanek A, Silicones & Industry,(1st edition), 1–173, Carl HanserVerlag, Munich, 1990
7. Schwartz M and R Baumstark, WaterBased Acrylates for DecorativeCoatings, (1st edition), 1–286,Vincentz, Hannover, 2001
8. Greene J, D Haeussler and BBerglund, (SREP) Silicone ResinEmulsion Paint – Applications andReferences, PCI, September 2002
9. Lork A, I König-Lumer and H Mayer,‘Silicone resin networks: The struc-ture determines the effect’, ECJ, 04,132–7, 2003
10. Snethlage R, ‘Steinkonservierung1979–1983’, Arbeitshefte desBayerischen Landesamtes fürDenkmalpflege, 22, 9–143,München, 1984
11. Wypych G, Handbook of Fillers,(2nd edition), 1–890, Plastics DesignLibrary, Toronto, 1999
12. Moreland J E, ‘Silica fillers, exten-ders, and reinforcements’,Handbook of Fillers andReinforcements for Plastics, (eds) H SKatz and J V Milewski, 136–159,Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York,1978
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IndustrinytIso Paint Nordic tager strategisk skridt ud i verden med køb af ny fabrik
Iso Paint Nordic overtager pr. 1. marts 2014 bygninger og produktionsanlæg fra det tidligere Burcharths Farve- og Lakfabrik i Kolding og tager dermed et stort strategisk skridt ud på det globale marked. Iso Paint erEuropas førende udvikler af specialmaling og har så stor succes på nye vækstmarkeder i bl.a. Kina og Mellemøsten, at der er brug for mere produktionskapacitet. Det får man nu med overtagelsen af 4.000 kvm bygninger samt et kom-plet produktionsudstyr og ti nøglemedarbejdere.
Den nuværende og moderne fabrik i Lunderskov på 3600 kvm. vil dermed blive aflastet, så man her kan fokusere endnu mere på rationel produktion af tag- og facademalin-ger, bl.a. ved brug af robotter i produktionen. Udvikling-slaboratoriet i Kolding vil samtidig blive udvidet, så der fremover vil være seks ansatte, og håbet er, at eksisterende og nye kunder til industrimaling vil fortsætte. Produk-tionen i Kolding vil om kort tid være i fuld gang igen for at understøtte Iso Paints stærke udvikling på vækstmarkeder i udlandet.
”Eksport tegner sig lige nu for omkring 65 pct. af vores omsætning, men det kommer nærmere op på 85 pct. i fremtiden. Det er eksporten, vi satser på, og vi har sat flere salgskræfter ind på en række spændende nye vækstmarked-er, bl.a. i Kina og Mellemøsten,” siger indehaver og direktør Nina Kjærgaard Reinert.
Hun ejer Iso Paint Nordic sammen med sin søster Anne Skovbakke og sin far, Joen Reinert, der er en meget erfaren udvikler på området for såkaldt funktionelle malinger. Iso Paint har således udviklet en række unikke produkter, der f. eks. reflekterer sollys, renser forurening ud af luften eller ”spiser” bakterier på hospitalsgulve.Den nye fabrik i Kolding bliver et søsterselskab til Iso Paint Nordic under navnet Iso Coat A/S og bliver hjemsted for produktion af bl.a. Protego Woodcare-serien samt indus-triel maling til overfladebehandlinger. I Lunderskov bliver produktionen fokuseret på energirigtig tag- og facademaling samt specielle imprægneringsvæsker.
Brenntag strengthens its operational business with In-dustrial Chemicals in Denmark
Brenntag, the global market leader in chemical distribution, signed today an agreement to acquire a part of the opera-tional business of Kemira Water Denmark A/S registered in Copenhagen. Brenntag takes over the distribution of
caustic soda, sulphuric and hydrochloric acids, solvents and packed coagulants previously directly distributed by Kemira and will operate the business from its existing facilities in Vejle, Kalundborg, Høsten and a new location in Copenha-gen Harbour.Torsten Walz, Managing Director Brenntag Denmark: “Through this acquisition we strengthen and expand our industrial chemicals product portfolio. Our customers will benefit from the extended product portfolio, further invest-ment in our infrastructure and new, long-term strategic supplier relationships.” “The divestment of our distribution business in Denmark is well in line with Kemira’s sharpened strategy presented earlier this year. The divested business is not a focus area of Municipal & Industrial segment and the transaction will have a positive impact to the segments EBIT margin. With Brenntag as our partner, Denmark will remain an impor-tant market for our water treatment solutions” said Frank Wegener, President of Kemira’s Municipal & Industrial segment.The acquired business generated in 2012 total sales of ap-proximately € 15 million and the parties have agreed not to disclose further financial information. The transaction is expected to close during the first quarter of 2014.
130 years based on experience & powered by fresh thinking
This year, the Danish trading and production company, R2 Group A/S, celebrates its 130th anniversary. But which fac-tors have contributed to reaching this milestone?In 1884, when horse-drawn carriages dominated the streets of Copenhagen, the 28-year old Even Thomas Nielsen be-came established as a supplier to the few paint and varnish factories existing at the time. Thereby, the foundations of the present R2 Group were laid. Today, 130 years later, the paint and varnish industry remains a core area of the busi-ness in R2 Group, though many new products and services have been added to the portfolio. A fine balance between drawing on experience and pursuing new ideas is what drives R2 Group forward.Another reason why R2 Group have managed to develop in the coatings market, is the long-lasting relations with principals. Examples hereof are the partnership with Grillo Zinkoxid, that dates back to 1922, and the even older cooperation with Holliday Pigments, which was initiated in 1891.
Something old, something new…
But while R2 Group work to maintain the long-lasting supplier relations, the company also strives to renew the business and bring in new suppliers. In 2013 alone R2 Group established a new cooperation with Indian producer
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of permethrin, Tagros Chemicals, extended the partner-ship with the Taiwanese chemical industrial corporation, Everlight, and expanded the cooperation with Alberdingk Boley, a major German producer of water-based acrylic and polyurethane dispersions.In a press release from August 2013, Johannes Leibl, Head of Sales for Dispersions at Alberdingk Boley, explained why R2 Group was chosen as their representative in Scandina-via: ”We work in line with the motto ”expect the unex-pected” and are convinced that due to their experience and flexibility R2 Group will indeed live up to this .”
Nordcoll A/S køber Boesens Fabrikker ApS
Nordcoll A/S og Boesens Fabrikker ApS, er blevet enige om at Nordcoll pr. 30.12.2013 køber Boesens Fabrikker. Nordcoll er kendt som en af Danmarks ældste limfabrikker, men er samtidig også kendt for at kunne løse avancerede fylde- og pakkeopgaver. En ekspertise der bl.a. er opnået på deres fabrik i USA. Boesens Fabrikker har i mange år været en annerkendt underleverandør til farve og lak branchen.
”Boesens Fabrikker stod overfor et generationsskifte og med salget til Nordcoll A/S, er vi sikre på at vores kunder fortsat vil få en seriøs og erfaren samarbejdspartner” udtaler Søren Borg, ejer og adm. direktør for Boesens Fabrikker.
”Vi ser med dette køb en mulighed for at styrke vores posi-tion, ikke kun på det danske marked, men også i resten af Europa. Boesens Fabrikker lever helt op til vores høje krav om kvalitet og kundeservice. Med Nordcoll’s store eksper-tise indenfor fyldning og pakning samt Boesens Fabrikkers store ekspertise inden for produktion af kemiske varer, kan vi fortsat i samarbejde med kunderne, løse både enkle og avancerede produktions samt fylde- og pakkeopgaver”. udtaler Nordcoll’s adm. direktør Tom Ammitzholt.
We had first meeting this year at 10. february Lecturer was Pekka Kotilainen, Retired from Tikkurila.
“40 years of safety and environment issues in Paint Indus-try”
Near 30 people was partisipating and it was very interest-ing to hear how much better is the awareness of safety of humans and nature today compared to early days of paint production. For young members it was also nice to see the pictures of Tikkurila 70 years ago. Lot of question came from mempers and lively conversation continued around the dinner table. It was a really good start to this year.
Next meeting is 17.3. when we hear about Sraypainting methodes. Then we have still excursion 5.5. to ECHA in Helsinki.First meeting after summer is planned to be 22.9.2014 An-nual meeting will be 27.10.2014
Best regardsAri
DANMARKDanske Lak-og Farvekemikers ForeningFormand: Steen Sejer KarslenBoesens FabrikkerTlf: 5965 9052E-mail: [email protected]
Sekretær: Bo OvergaardBrenntag NordicTlf. direkte 43292722E-mail: [email protected]
SVERIGEFärg-och Lacktekniska FöreningenOrdförande: Karin HåkanssonJustinsgatan 24SE-215 65 MalmöTel. 040-32 05 32. Mobil: 070-344 42 40E-mail: [email protected]
Sekreterare: Vakant
FINLANDFärg- och Lacktekniska föreningen, VLYOrdförande: Ari Vaha, Teknos OYPL 107, FIN-00371 HelsinkiE-mail: [email protected]
Sekreterare: Esa JuutiTeknos Nova Coil Oy, PL 107,00371 HelsinkiTel: +358 9 50609 408Fax: +358 9 50609 500Email: [email protected]
NORGENorsk Maling-og Lakkteknisk ForeningFormann: Olav MarstokkJotun A/S, P.O. Box 2021, 3235 SandefjordE-mail: [email protected]
Sekretaer: Hege OustadKall-Nor A/SE-mail: [email protected]
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9 2 7 8 2 5 6
6 4 5 6 9 1 8
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6 1 7 3
Uge 43
Let
Sudoku til print
Sværdhedsgrad:SuDoKu:
Sværhedsgrad:
# 2
Medium
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1 8 9 7 2 5
2 5 6 1 4
5 6 2 1 9 9 8 2
7 6 2 8 5 3 1
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9 7 6 7 5 1 4
9 3 1 4 2 2 3 6
4 2 6 9
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Innovative green choices oering product-based answers to green formulation challenges Visit Univar’s half-day seminar in connection with the Färg & Lack-dagen in Malmö, 27 September. E-mail your application with name & company name to [email protected], by 2 September. www.univar.se
Coatingsad.indd 1 2012-07-31 14:13:36
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