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1Condoor Rayess Weaver NCIIA 2011
NCIIA 2011
Workshop on Systematic Innovation Tools
Tools & Techniques Workshop Sponsored by NSF
Development Work Sponsored by the Kern Family Foundation
Jonathan Weaver1, Nassif Rayess1 & Sri Condoor2
1 University of Detroit Mercy2 Saint Louis University
2Condoor Rayess Weaver NCIIA 2011
Workshop Objectives
• Quickly introduce various techniques for systematic innovation that can help entrepreneurs and intrapreneurs generate more and better concepts
• Present more detail on two such techniques with some time to apply them during the workshop
• Provide free access to slides on the various tools for your use in the classroom
3Condoor Rayess Weaver NCIIA 2011
Systematic Innovation Techniques
• Biomimicry• Painstorming• Functional Decomposition• Axiomatic Design• Ethnography• TRIZ• Lateral Benchmarking• De Bono’s Six Hats• De Bono’s Concept Fans
• Bisociation• Blue Ocean Strategy• Nine Windows• The Search for the
Problem• Kano Model• De Bono’s Provocation• Trimming
4Condoor Rayess Weaver NCIIA 2011
Biomimicry
• Shinkansen front end modeled after kingfisher’s beak to minimize tunnel entry/exit shockwave
• Pantograph supports have serrations modeled after owl plumage to reduce wind noise
Biomimicry: Innovation Inspired by Nature, J. Benyus, Perrenial NY, 2002
5Condoor Rayess Weaver NCIIA 2011
Painstorming
• Find – and eliminate – your customers’ biggest pains
6Condoor Rayess Weaver NCIIA 2011
Functional Decomposition
Based on Ulrich & Eppinger, 2005
DrivenNail
Energy
Nails
“Trip”of
Tool
Storenails
Isolatenail
SenseTrip
TriggerTool
Applytranslationalenergy to nail
Store/acceptexternalenergy
Convert ener-gy to transla- tional energy
7Condoor Rayess Weaver NCIIA 2011
Axiomatic Design
• Two principle axioms: Independence, Information
8Condoor Rayess Weaver NCIIA 2011
Ethnography: IDEO Methods Cards
• Cards summarizing 51 techniques IDEO uses to come up with new innovations
• Broken into four categories: LEARN, LOOK, ASK, and TRY
• LOOK and ASK most relate to ethnography and include :– A day in the life - Narration– Behavioral mapping - Extreme User Interviews– Fly on the wall - Word-Concept
Association– Time lapse video - Camera Journal
9Condoor Rayess Weaver NCIIA 2011
How Many Ways Do You Know to Move a Liquid?
10Condoor Rayess Weaver NCIIA 2011
• Acoustic Cavitation • Acoustic Vibrations • Archimedes’ Principle • Bernoulli’s Theorem • Boiling • Brush Constructions • Capillary Condensation • Capillary Evaporation • Capillary Pressure • Coanda Effect • Condensation • Coulomb’s Law • Deformation • Electrocapillary Effect • Electroosmosis • Electrophoresis • Electrostatic Induction • Ellipse • Evaporation • Ferromagnetism • Forced Oscillations • Funnel Effect
• Gravity • Inertia • Ionic Exchange • Jet Flow • Lorentz Force • Magnetostriction • Mechanocaloric Effect • Osmosis • Pascal Law • Resonance • Shock Wave • Spiral • Super Thermal Conductivity • Superfluidity • Surface Tension • Thermal Expansion • Thermocapillary Effect • Thermomechanical Effect • Ultrasonic Capillary Effect • Ultrasonic Vibrations • Use of foam • Wetting Knowledge from all fields
11Condoor Rayess Weaver NCIIA 2011
Your Problem
Generic Problem
Your Solution
Generic Solution
The Direct Path Can Be Elusive
TRIZ: The Theory of Inventive Problem Solving
12Condoor Rayess Weaver NCIIA 2011
Lateral Benchmarking
Source: http://www.takegreatpictures.com/content/images/pit_crew_racing_houston_gra.jpg
13Condoor Rayess Weaver NCIIA 2011
De Bono’s Six HatsEach hat signifies a thinking mode White: The information hat Visualize white paper with information written on it.
Red: The emotion hat Visualize “seeing red,” passion, valentine hearts.
Black: The caution hat (note: this is not a cowboy “bad guy” hat) Visualize dark consequences.
Yellow: The optimism hat Visualize the yellow sunshine on a bight new day.
Green: The creativity hat Visualize green pastures, open fields on which to roam.
Blue: The procedure hat Visualize the sky over us, we work under the blue sky.
14Condoor Rayess Weaver NCIIA 2011
IDEA CONCEPTBROAD
CONCEPT
Cop
e w
ith
a w
ater
sho
rtag
eO
bjec
tive
Reduce consumption
Increase supply
Do without
Increased efficiency of use
Reduced waste
Discourage use
Education
New sources
Recycling
Less wastage from source
Education
Stop water-using processes
Substitute other substances
Avoid need to use water
Meter water
Charge for water use
Raise charge for water use
Water only obtainable from public sources
Water only at certain times
Put a harmless bad smell into the water
Restrict discretionary use
Publish names of heavy users
Threaten to ration water
De Bono’s Concept Fans
15Condoor Rayess Weaver NCIIA 2011
Bisociation
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Sears_Tower_ss.jpg
16Condoor Rayess Weaver NCIIA 2011
Blue Ocean Strategy
Source: Blue Ocean Strategy, W. Chan Kim & Renee Mauborgne, Harvard Business School Press, 2005
17Condoor Rayess Weaver NCIIA 2011
Nine Windows
Reference: Gamestorming: A playbook for Innovators, Rulebreakers and Changemakers Dave Gray, S. Brown and J. Macanufo, O’Reilly 2010
18Condoor Rayess Weaver NCIIA 2011
The Search for the Problem
• Techniques to help make sure you’re working on the right problem– Statement – Restatement – Why – Why Diagram (aka ‘5 Why’s’)– Present State – Future State– Checklisting / Trigger Words– Situation Analysis
Reference: Engineering bv Design, Gerard Voland, Pearson Prentice Hall, 2nd edition 2004
19Condoor Rayess Weaver NCIIA 2011
The Kano Model (Cont.)
Diagram adapted from the Kano Model, Noriako Kano, Yoko University
NotImplemented
FullyImplemented
+
-
0
20Condoor Rayess Weaver NCIIA 2011
Slides
• The slides shown here will be available via NCIIA• If you want slides on the other topics, please email
Jonathan Weaver – they’re free for classroom use – but if you can help us make them better, we’d appreciate it!
21Condoor Rayess Weaver NCIIA 2011
Let’s Try Some Techniques
• De Bono’s Provocation• Trimming