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NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
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CURES
Citizens United for Renewable
Energy and Sustainability
www.cures-network.org
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
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•Poverty eradication•Energy access•Gender equity
•Clean non polluting energy•Affordable energy
•Avoid climate change
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
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Sustainable biofuels could help us get there
Good energy balances
Water efficientLimited impacts on the ecology
Grown by local people for local peopleHave no impact on food security either
locally or nationally
Contribute to local self sufficiency and upliftment
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
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Examples of what can support sustainable biofuels
•Perennial crops•Small scale systems•Alternatives – algae•Part of the total household needs•Use small scale equipment that is cheap to purchase•Local people can make it themselves with minimum input•Capital grants to support small scale farmers•Infrastructure•Limits, regulations, certification
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
����
What is happening in Southern Africa
Malawi – 2 ethanol plants 20 ml/yrSwaziland – land planted to jatrophaZambia – looking at biofuels/jatropha
Namibia – decided to go with JatrophaMauritius – excellent examples of algae
South Africa – draft strategy focuses on maize, sugar cane, soya and canola , some small
scale used oil to biodiesel, some pilot projects, many plants being built
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
����
What do the reports say?
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
����
Potential
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
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SA Draft National Biofuels Strategy
ProcessCabinet 2005 approved development of an
industrial StrategyIntergovernmental task team appointedDME, DWAF, DTI, DoA, DSTCEF appointed to overseeDrafted 120 page document that coveredvarious aspects – very comprehensiveDrafted the strategy 2006
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
����
WHAT DOES IT SAY?
Focuses on traditional bioenergy crops, maize, soya, sugar cane
Has an industrial focusFocuses on how to provide subsidies
for large industrial biofuel producers
Small scale farmers mentioned only in terms of how they help provide
more energy cropsUnclear about overall objectives –
trade? Local use?States that the proposed target of E10
and B2 can be achieved on the basis of surplus crops
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
����
Examples of what we want
• Perennial crops• Small scale systems• Alternatives – algae• Part of the total household needs• Use small scale equipment that is
cheap to purchase• Local people can make it
themselves with minimum input• Capital grants to support small
scale farmers• Infrastucture• Limits, regulations, certification
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
����
Concerns
Drought means no maize surplus this year
Projected 7.7 mt 2007(11 mt 2005)
Global maize and sugar prices up, local prices also up, driven
by global biofuels market
CPI for the poor
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
����
What we DON’T want
• annual crops• Ethanol from maize• Subsidies for fuel grown from crops using
industrial agricultural processes• Land grabs• Trade• monocropping• GMOs• Massive food programme type projects• Eco and biodiversity impacts
Small scale farmers and small biofuel producers and sustainable agriculture do
not benefit from the draft government strategy
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
����
Versa track – made in china
Mechanised Farming
Pumping & Irrigation
Transportation
Rock Crushing
Brick MakingWelding
Generators
Courtesy of African alternative energy
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
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Case studies
Logistics Company – Pinetown, Durban
•Fleet of trucks running on biodiesel blend•Biodiesel produced and blended on site to B50•Feedstock is old cooking oil•Trucks are monitored during services
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
����
Case studies
Organic Farm – Ficksburg
•Seed pressing and 300 litre per day Biodiesel production•Dedicated planting of sunflower for fuel requirements•Fields ploughed during fuel shortage December 2005
•Fleet of farming, transport & personal vehicles running on B100
•Integrated into farming operations
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
����
Case studies
Background: Background: Background: Background:
Augur & Cake in Augur & Cake in Augur & Cake in Augur & Cake in
bagsbagsbagsbags
Locally Manufactured - Soya Pressing Operation – Free State
Dedicated soya planting and oil processing 75 000 litres per month Fresh cake supplied to local farmers for animal feedSoya planted in rotation with maize alternate yearsYields have shown considerable increase with reduced inputsFarming costs reduced by use of bio-diesel
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
����
Implementation challenges
Governments departments do not talk to small and alternative producers
Legislation not friendly for autonomous bio-fuel producers, favours centralised large scale
Legislation does not make provision for independent SME fuel blenders
Automotive industry ignores call for extended warranties to bio-fuel blends for engines
Institutional issues Skills at all levelsLack of African models for bio-fuel productionCapacity building of the small scale farmersFunding and investment of both pilot projects and
managementDiffering agendas
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
����
Jatropha Curcas
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
����
The moringa tree
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
����
Ximenia caffra
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
����
Sugar cane in SA
50,000 growers,
47,000 small scale 25% Production
3,000 commercial 75% Production
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
����
Sugar cane in SA/SADC
SADC
905.9mha
45.2mha
0.619mha
44.7 mt
72.1 t/ha
South Africa
121.4mha
14.8mha
0,325 mha
23 mt
62.6t/ha
Total land
Arable Land
Sugar cane area
Production
Average yield
Adapted from Brazil:Uk:Africa scoping study for the potential for bioethanol partnerships
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
����
Algae
De Beers
ZERI integrated Farming System
•Chlorella algae
•500m2 algae yields 12Tonnes wet algae/yr
•Fiji
•Establishing in Mauritius – production to begin Jan ’07
•Small pilot projects in SA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
����
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
����
Concerns - summary
Food for fuel – crop switching
Trade driving production
Small scale farmers unknowingly entering contracts that make them poorer
Loss of livelihoods/subsistence
Centralised approach
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
����
It cannot be about producing fuel for cars in the developed world
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
NUCLEAR DOES NOT SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
CURES
Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Sustainability
����
Annie Sugrue
Tel: 0828955101