Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia

8/14/2019 Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia

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NewElectricPowerPlantforOutsideofJavaBaliArea


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GeneralDevelopment


8/29

Periodof19651998y

Driving

force

toward

utilization

of

Nuclear

energy

is

mainlyconductedbyBATANandsomeuniversitites(ITB,GajahMadaUniv.)withlimitedintensity.

y Focusonhumanresourcedevelopmentwhichbecomingveryintenseintheera19851997intheHabibieera.

y SeveralintensiveefforttowardNPPweredrivenbystrong

industrialization

program

across

the

country


9/29

Periodof

1998

2003

:RecessionPeriod

y

National

wide

NPP

Program

effectively

frozen,

due

to

smalldemandofelectricitywhichisfarbelowinstalledcapacity

y Meanwhilesomepreparationsuchasregulationetc.hadsignificantprogress.

y Establishmentofindependentnuclearregulatorybody(BAPETEN)(1998)

y Establishmentofsomemoredetailregulation


10/29

Periodof2004nowy

Shortage

of

electricity

cause

renew

interest

on

new

energysourcesincludingnuclearenergy

y OilpricehikedrivefurthernationalinterestonNPP

y

The

interest

not

only

come

from

BATAN

and

relevant

researcherinuniversitiesbutalsomainlyfromministryforenergyandmineralresourcesandalsoIndonesianelectricpowercompany.

y IndonesianpresidentoutlinenewlongtermenergypolicyinwhichNPPisincluded.


11/29

Periodof2004nowy

Ministry

of

energy

and

natural

resources

has

quite

intensiveprogramtoimprovepublicacceptanceofNPPincludingtalkshowinRadios,Televisions,andsendingnationalinfluencingleadertosomeNPPsite

abroadto

real

condition

of

NPP

and

some

learning

process.

y Indonesianelectricpowercompanyalsoperformed

several


12/29

President

Decree

No.

5

2006(NationalEnergyPolicy)y

In

2025

the

energy

composition

should

be

:y Oilshouldbelessthan20%

y Naturalgasshouldbemorethan30%

yCoal

should

be

more

than

33%

y Biofuelshouldbemorethan5%

y Geothermalshouldbemorethan5%

y New/alternative

energies(nuclear,

biomass,

wind,

solar,etc.)shouldbemorethan5%

y Coalliquifactionetcshouldbemorethan2%


13/29

Projection

of

Indonesian

electrical

energyconsumtionin2025

yCurrent installed capacity : 33GWe, 70% inJava-Madura-Bali area

y

In 2025 it is projected to be 100GWe so it isprojected that Indonesia should have 4 NPP

with about 1GWe /unit with the current

scenarioyFirst 2 units start operation at 2016-2017

y

Additional 2 unit start operation at 2023-2024


14/29

CurrentDevelopmenty

Project

Organization

(PO)

for

planning

and

executing

projectsworksshouldbesetup.ThisisguidedandorganizedbyMinistryofEnergyandMineralResources.

y BatangivespolicyinputtoMinistryofEnergyandMineralResourcesonNuclearEnergyissues.

y CompletionofSiteandFeasibilityStudyReport(S

FSR).This

S

FSRshould

really

be

comprehensive,

to

coveralsoHRD,IndustrysupportCapabilityandEIS.


15/29

CurrentDevelopmenty Developmentofdecisionmakingprocess;thisprocesstoward

gonuclear,

should

include

not

only

Government

and

Parliament,butalsothestrongExtraParliamentaryGroupsnotably:EnvironmentalistGroups,IndonesiaNuclearSociety,EnergyandEnvironmentAwarenessGroups.

y Inthis

case

the

society

will

be

well

represented.

The

motor

will

bealwaystheGovernment!

y P.Owithcompleteproposal,proposesthroughGovernment(inD)fordiscussion,deliberationanddecision.

y Decisionto

go

for

the

first

(series

of)

NPPs

y Timeperiodwillbe3to5years.

y Startingtimeprobably:2010.


16/29

Advanced

Nuclear

Technology

Programy

Due

to

clear

reasons,

future

NPPs

shall

be

based

on

highfuelutilization.

y Inthiscaseoneoptionwillbehighconversionratioreactorormodularbreederreactor

y Anotherproblemiscontinuityofthesupplyof fuel.

y WeproposeheretodevelopRegionalFuelCycleComplex(RFCC) inPacificBasin


17/29

IndonesianExperience

in

Research

Reactors

y

Since

mid

1960

decase

operate

Nuclear

Research

Reactors(Now3units:2MWtinBandung,30MWtinSerpong,and200KWtinJogjaconsructedbyBATANIndonesia)

y Nosignificantaccidentreported

y NuclearwastetreatedinBATANIndonesia

y Silicidefuel

for

30MWt

Reactor

in

Serpong

is

now

fabricatedinIndonesiaandsomeparthasbeenexported


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19/29

1. Highly reliable and high utilization factor

y Nextgenerationofnuclearpowerreactorsarebasically

designed

to

overcome

the

energy

shortageduetothehighgrowthofelectricenergyconsumtionand thefossilfuelcrisisasappears

recently.

y Forsomesituation,thelongmaintenanceperiodwillpossiblycreatetroubletothecustomer.

y Innovativelonglife(orlongerrefuelinginterval)

waterreactor,

long

life

high

temperature

reactor,

orlonglifeleadorleadbismuthcooledLMFBRseriouslyconsidersuchproblems.


20/29

2. Inherentsafetycapabilityy DuetoChernobylaccidentthepublicacceptancetothe

nuclearpower

plant

need

to

be

improved.

y Byintroducingtheinherentlysafenuclearpowerplantisexpectedtoincreasethispublicacceptancelevel.

y

Thepossibility

of

super

prompt

critical

accident

should

be

eliminated.

y Innovativehightemperaturegascooledreactorwhichcansurvivedtohypotheticalaccidentsuchasdepresurrization

accident,severe

rod

withdrowal

accident,

and

other

severe

accidentisexpectedtobegoodcandidate.


21/29

2. Inherentsafetycapabilityy Innovativesmallwaterreactorwhichcansurvivesevere

LOCAand

UTOP

accident

is

also

considered

as

good

candidate.y Finallyinnovativeleadorleadbismuthfastreactorsare

alsostrongcandidate.Forverysmallreactors,especiallyof

leador

lead

bismuth

cooled

fast

reactors

the

use

of

high

internalconversionfactortocontrolthereactivitytobewellbelowonedollarisveryusefultoavoidsuperpromptcriticalaccident.


22/29

3. Longerrefuelingintervaly Thisfactoristosupportveryhighutilization

factorand

also

non

proliferation

characteristics

especiallyforverylonglifereactorswithoutonsiterefueling.

y

By

such

type

of

core

there

is

no

need

to

open

the

reactorcoreinoperationareathereforeenhanceNonproliferationaspect.

y Movablereflectorandothermeansofreactivity

controlout

side

the

core

may

be

considered

as

longasthereisnopossibilitytocreatemorethanonedollarofreactivityinallpossiblepositionofthereflectors.


23/29

4. Proliferationresistanty Thisissueisnowconsideredseriouslybymanynext

generationof

nuclear

reactor

designers.

y Implementationcanbemanywaysincludingthedesignsuchthatnoneedtoopenthereactorvesselintheoperationareaisconsideredasoneimportantwayto

improveproliferation

resistant,

choosing

the

fuel

so

that

thereisnopossibilityforitsmisusetowardnuclearweaponetc.


24/29

5. Economicaly Thisaspectisofcourseveryimportantconsideration.

y Theproposednuclearpowerplantwillbebenchmarkedtoanyotherelectricpowerplantssuchasgas,oil,andcoalbasedelectricpowerplants.

y Moreefforts

are

needed

to

make

small

and

special

purposereactorsmoreeconomical.


25/29

6.

Mobile,modular

and

factory

fabricated

orfastconstructiontime

y Thisdevelopmentisimportanttoacceleratedeploymentsandalsoimproveeconomicalaspects.

y Formobile

reactors,

ship

based

design

is

an

alternative.

y Modularreactorswithfactoryfabricateddesign

alsogood

candidates

to

improve

construction

time,andtherearestillsomeothereffortstocutconstructiontime.


26/29

SPECIALDEVELOPMENTCASE1y FourGovernorsfromKalimantan+AGovernorfrom

Gorontalo(Sulawesi)stronglyurgetobuildNPPintheirarea.

y TheyhaveintensivecontactwithKLT40teamfromRussia,

they

want

to

just

pull

KLT

40

to

their

area

but

IndonesianRegulatorybodyworryaboutit.

y OnestatementintheregulationinIndonesiasays

thatthe

NPP

installed

in

Indonesia

should

be

well

provenonewiththedefinition:twoyearsoperationwithaverageloadfactorminimal70%.


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SPECIAL

DEVELOPMENT

2InteresttoPBMRy SeveralyearsagoheadofagiantIndonesian

ConstructioncompanyinterestedinPBMRdesign;theyapproachthePBMRteamandhopetobethesoleagenofPBMRinIndonesia.

y Butwhen

the

PBMR

management

changing,

the

deal

thendelayedandbecomesuncertain.


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SPECIALDEVELOPMENTCase3y SomegroupshaveshowninterestinmodularPbBi

cooledfastreactors

y ProblemwithregulatorybodywhichpreferwidelyusedNPPtypeforfirstNPPintroductioninIndonesia


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CONCLUSIONy NPPDevelopmentprograminIndonesiahasaccelerated

significantlyduringlastfewyears

y NPPhasbeenincludedinNationalEnergyPolicy

y Withcurrent

electricity

demand

projection

at

2025

Indonesiaexpectedtooperatemin.4Unitabout1000MWeNPP

y NPPpublicacceptanceprogramisveryimportantissueinIndonesia

y SeveralcompanyreadytooperateNPPinIndonesia

y SmallNPPshavegoodprospectforoutsideJavaBaliarea

inIndonesia

y FurthermomentumsforNPPdevelopmentprogramareexpectedtocomeafterGeneralElectioninIndonesia(2009)

Documents

Nuclear Energy Development Program in Indonesia