Nursing Assessment: Reproductive System Chapter 51 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc

Nursing Assessment:Nursing Assessment:

Reproductive SystemReproductive System

Chapter 51 OverviewChapter 51 Overview

Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

Structures and Functions Structures and Functions of Male and Female of Male and Female

Reproductive SystemsReproductive Systems

Male Reproductive SystemMale Reproductive System

Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 2




Fig. 51-1. Male reproductive tract.






Male Reproductive System, Male Reproductive System, continuedcontinued•TestesTestes•DuctsDucts





Fig. 51-2. Seminiferous tubules, testis, epididymis, and ductus (vas) deferens in the male.



Male Reproductive System, Male Reproductive System, continuedcontinued•GlandsGlands•External genitaliaExternal genitalia




Female Reproductive Female Reproductive SystemSystem•Pelvic organsPelvic organs

• OvariesOvaries





Fig. 51-3. Female reproductive tract.






Female Reproductive Female Reproductive SystemSystem•Pelvic organs, continued Pelvic organs, continued

• Fallopian tubesFallopian tubes• UterusUterus• VaginaVagina• PelvisPelvis

•External genitaliaExternal genitalia





Fig. 51-4. External female genitalia.



Female Reproductive Female Reproductive System, continuedSystem, continued•BreastsBreasts





Fig. 51-5. The lactating female breast. A, Glandular structures are anchored to the overlying skin and thepectoral muscle by suspensory ligaments of Cooper. Each lobule of glandular tissue is drained by alactiferous duct that eventually opens through the nipple. B, Anterior view of a lactating breast. Innonlactating breasts, glandular tissue is less evident with adipose tissue comprising most of the breast.



Neuroendocrine Regulation Neuroendocrine Regulation of Reproductive Systemof Reproductive System





Fig. 51-6. Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Only the major pituitary hormone actions are depicted. FSH,Follicle-stimulating hormone; GnRH, gonadotropin-releasing hormone; ICSH, interstitial cell–stimulatinghormone; LH, luteinizing hormone.




Table 51-1. Gonadal Feedback Mechanisms.



MenarcheMenarcheMenstrual CycleMenstrual Cycle





Fig. 51-7. Events of the menstrual cycle. The various lines depict the changes in blood hormone levels, thedevelopment of the follicles, and the changes in the endometrium during the cycle. FSH,Follicle-stimulating hormone; LH, luteinizing hormone.



MenopauseMenopausePhases of Sexual ResponsePhases of Sexual Response•Male sexual responseMale sexual response•Female sexual responseFemale sexual response


Gerontologic Considerations: Effects Gerontologic Considerations: Effects of Aging on Reproductive System of Aging on Reproductive System

and Sexual Response and Sexual Response


Assessment of Male and Assessment of Male and Female Reproductive Female Reproductive

Systems Systems

Subjective DataSubjective Data• Important health informationImportant health information

• Past health historyPast health history• MedicationsMedications• Surgery or other treatmentsSurgery or other treatments



Systems Systems

Subjective Data, continuedSubjective Data, continued•Functional health patternsFunctional health patterns

• Health perception–health Health perception–health management patternmanagement pattern

• Nutritional-metabolic patternNutritional-metabolic pattern• Elimination patternElimination pattern• Activity-exercise patternActivity-exercise pattern• Sleep-rest patternSleep-rest pattern



Systems Systems Subjective DataSubjective Data•Functional health patterns, Functional health patterns,

continuedcontinued• Cognitive-perceptual patternCognitive-perceptual pattern• Self-perception–self-concept Self-perception–self-concept patternpattern

• Role-relationship patternRole-relationship pattern• Sexuality-reproductive patternSexuality-reproductive pattern• Coping–stress tolerance patternCoping–stress tolerance pattern• Value-belief patternValue-belief pattern



Systems Systems

Objective DataObjective Data•Physical examination: malePhysical examination: male

• PubisPubis• PenisPenis• Scrotum and testesScrotum and testes• Inguinal region and spermatic Inguinal region and spermatic cordcord

• Anus and prostateAnus and prostate



Systems Systems

Objective Data, continued Objective Data, continued •Physical examination: femalePhysical examination: female

• BreastsBreasts• External genitaliaExternal genitalia• Internal pelvic examinationInternal pelvic examination



Systems Systems


Fig. 51-8. Laparoscopic views of the female pelvis. A, Normal image. B, Pelvic inflammatory disease. Notereddish inflammatory membrane covering and fixing the ovary and uterus to the surrounding structures.

Diagnostic Studies of Diagnostic Studies of Reproductive Systems Reproductive Systems

Urine StudiesUrine Studies•Pregnancy testingPregnancy testing•Hormone studiesHormone studies

Blood StudiesBlood Studies•Hormone studiesHormone studies•Tumor markersTumor markers•Serology tests for syphilisSerology tests for syphilis


Diagnostic Studies of Diagnostic Studies of Reproductive Systems Reproductive Systems

Cultures and SmearsCultures and SmearsCytologic StudiesCytologic StudiesRadiologic StudiesRadiologic Studies•MammographyMammography•UltrasoundUltrasound•Pelvic computed tomography Pelvic computed tomography

and magnetic resonance and magnetic resonance imaging imaging


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Nursing Assessment: Reproductive System Chapter 51 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc