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8/9/2019 Nutrient Cycles PP
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Nutrient Cycles
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Nutrient Cycles
Nutrients are essential to life but have a limited supply(not a continuous input like energy).
Life is dependent on the recycling of essential elements -nutrients.
Living organisms consume nutrients as food and wastesare released back into the ecosystem.
When organisms die the nutrients are recycled bydecomposers, nutrients are released into the air, water
or soil and can then be used by other organisms(producers)
Some examples of nutrient cycles are the carbon,nitrogen & phosphorus cycles
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Carbon Cycle
Carbon is found in all living things
The carbon cycle is a Closed system
there is always the same amount of carbonin the world, just in different forms.
Carbon enters food chains through the
process ofphotosynthesis and is released
into the atmosphere via respiration.
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Photosynthesis
Plants combine carbon dioxide and hydrogen
from water to make glucose (sugars) Occurs in the presence of light and chlorophyll
Oxygen is released into the atmosphere
Glucose is stored in plant tissues or used for
energy
Carbon dioxide (CO2) + Water (H20)light & chlorophyll glucose + oxygen
(02)
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Respiration
Occurs at all times in cells
Releases energy from glucose
Carbon dioxide and water are waste products release into environment
Oxygen taken in
P
lants use glucose they create throughphotosynthesis, animals use glucose they gainfrom plants (directly or indirectly)
Glucose + Oxygen (O2) Carbon dioxide (CO2) + Water (H2O) + energy
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Water (H2O)
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Oxygen (O2)
Food
RESPIRATION
Glucose
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Nitrogen Cycle Nitrogen is needed by all organisms for the manufacturing of
protein.
Approx 78% of the air is Nitrogen (N2), however, only certain
nitrogen-fixing bacteria can use nitrogen in this form.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are found in the soil or in root nodules oflegumes.
Bacteria convert N2 into nitrogen forms that plants can absorb
(nitrates), plants then convert nitrates to protein.
Protein from plants consumed by consumers (animals).
Decomposers return nitrogen to soil from dead organisms andwastes
Denitrifying bacteria in the soil release nitrogen back to the
atmosphere as N2
The amount of available nitrogen directly affects the amount of plant
growth
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Phosphorus cycle
Phosphorus is required in greater amountsby organisms than nitrogen but there ismuch less. Availability limits plant growth
Slow cycle - released slowly into the soiland water from weathering of rocks.
Phosphates dissolved in soil are absorbed
by plant roots, then passes through foodchain
Decomposers recycle back to soil
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