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The human body Nutrition:
The Digestive System
The Respiratory System
The human body vital functions
The human body performs the three vital functions:
- Nutrition to get energy to grow and survive.
- Interaction to feel what happen around and inside us and respond.
- Reproduction to create new living organisms.
Nutrition
• It consists on taking in nutrients from
food (digestive system), getting oxygen
from air (respiratory system),
transport the oxygen and nutrients to
the rest of the body (circulatory
system) and clean the waste from the
blood (excretory system)
Nutrition Systems
Digestive system
• The Digestive System breaks down the food into nutrients.
Respiratory System
• The Respiratory System takes in oxygen and release carbon dioxide.
Circulatory System • The Circulatory System deliveries blood
with nutrients and oxygen to the body and collects waste and carbon dioxide from the body.
Excretory System
• Excretory System cleans blood and makes pee.
The Digestive System
The Digestive System • In the mouth (1) we chew the food with our teeth and mix it with the
saliva (2).
• Then, the food passes through the pharynx (3) to the esophagus (4).
• The food goes to the stomach (5) and we mix the food with the
stomach juices.
• Then, the food paste passes to the small intestine (6). There, we mix
the paste with the bilis, the pancreatic juices and the intestinal juices.
The nutrients are absorbed into the blood.
• The food paste, the waste, that we don´t need goes to the large
intestine (7). The water is absorbed and we make poop that goes out
through the anus (8).
Mouth We chew the food with our teeth
Salivary Glands We mix the food with the saliva
Pharynx It connects the mouth and nose with
the esophagus
Esophagus It connects the pharynx to the stomach
Stomach We mix the food with the stomach
juices and break it to a paste
Liver It produces a digestive juice, the bile
Pancreas It produces the pancreatic juice.
Small intestine We mix the paste with the intestinal
juices, the bile and the pancreatic juice.
The nutrients are absorbed
Large intestine The water is absorbed and turns the
waste paste into poop
Anus The poop is released
Vocabulary PERFORM Hacer RIGHT CORRECTO
GET Conseguir DELIVERY Repartir
GROW Crecer COLLECT Recoger
SURVIVE Sobrevivir PEE Pis
FEEL Sentir SALIVARY GLANDS Glándulas salivates
AROUND Alrededor PHARYNX Faringe
RESPOND Responder LIVER Hígado
INSIDE Dentro CHEW Masticar
TAKE IN Meter TEETH Dientes
WASTE Basura MIX Mezclar
BLOOD Sangre SALIVA Saliva
BREAK Romper JUICE Jugo
AMOUNT Cantidad PASTE Pasta
RELEASED Liberar BILE Bilis
POOP Caca AT LEAST Al menos
Healthy diet • We need to eat right amount of food of each
group: – Proteins: meat, fish, eggs…
– Carbohydrates: pasta, rice, cereals, potatoes…
– Vitamines and minerals: fruit and vegetables
– Dairy products: made from milk
– Fats: olive oil, nuts, cakes…
• We have to do three meals: breakfast, lunch and dinner, and two healthy snacks every day
• You need to drink at least 1,5 litres of water every day
HEALTH AND FOOD FATS
CARBO HYDRATES OR GRAIN
VITAMINES and MINERALS
PROTEINS DAIRY
The Respiratory System
• We breathe in air through the nose (1) and mouth
(2).
• Air travels down the trachea or windpipe (3) and
through the bronchi (4) to go to the lungs (5).
• In the lungs we take in oxygen from the air and
release carbon dioxide.
• The oxygen is passed to the blood
Mouth We breathe in air through the
mouth
Nose We breathe in air through the nose
Trachea or windpipe It connects the mouth and nose
with the bronchi
Bronchi It takes the air into the lungs
Lungs We take in oxygen and release
carbon dioxide. The oxygen passes
into the blood.
VOCABULARY
BREATHE Respirar
THROUGH A través de
BRONCHI Bronquios
LUNGS Pulmones
TRAVEL Viajar
TRACHEA OR WINDPIPE Tráquea