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© 2013. Siemens Product Lifecycle Management Software Inc. All rights reserved

Siemens PLM Software

NX Laminate Composites

Student Guide

November, 2013

MT15029-s-nx9

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1. Introduction to Laminate Composite Simulation

2. Zone-Based Process

3. Ply-Based Process

4. Modeling 3D Laminates

5. Materials and Micromechanics

6. Solution and Post-Processing

7. Laminate Theory

8. Laminate Failure Analysis

9. Laminate Dynamic Analysis

10. Laminate Optimization

Course Overview

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Prerequisites

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NX Advanced Simulation Processes course.

Working knowledge of NX Modeling.

Familiarity with NX Nastran, MSC Nastran, ANSYS, Abaqus, or LS-DYNA.

Basic understanding of structural analysis and composite materials.

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How to use this guide The general format for lesson content is:

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•

presentation

online activity

It is preferable that you use the Student Guide and Activities in the sequence presented. Later lessons assume you have learned concepts and techniques taught in earlier lessons. If necessary, you can always refer to any previous activity where a method or technique was originally taught.

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1. Introduction to Laminate Composite Simulation

2. Zone-Based Process

3. Ply-Based Process

4. Modeling 3D Laminates

5. Materials and Micromechanics

6. Solution and Post-Processing

7. Laminate Theory

8. Laminate Failure Analysis

9. Laminate Dynamic Analysis

10. Laminate Optimization

Lesson 1

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NX Laminate Composites

Core Capabilities... •Laminate Modeling

•Composite Materials

•Optimization

•Laminate Failure

•Laminate Validation

•NX FE Solver Interfaces

•Laminates Post Reporting

NXLC is a fully integrated NX CAE product for

finite element analysis of laminate structures.

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Product overview With NX Laminate Composites, you can:

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• •

Define a laminate as a physical property on a 2D or 3D mesh collector.

Define a global layup composed of plies that are assigned directly on the

model geometry.

Inflate 2D meshes to create 3D laminates.

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Steps of the Composites Simulation Process

1. Create or import a geometry using NX (Optional)

2. Create the FEM and Simulation files, selecting the solver and solution type

3. If necessary, simplify the geometry in the idealized part.

4. Mesh the part

5. Define or import the materials data

6. Model the laminate(s) using a variety of techniques.

7. Validate the laminate(s)

8. Apply boundary conditions.

9. Solve the model.

10. Synthesize the ply results to determine the validity of the composite design

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Laminate composites processes

Zone-based process Ply-based process

• Lets you create laminate physical properties and assign them to

the mesh collectors.

• You define laminates on 2D and 3D elements. You can also inflate

the laminates into solid elements.

• Lets you define the plies and their draping parameters on different

polygon faces or 2D meshes. The software automatically

generates the laminate physical properties from the global

layup and assigns them to the appropriate meshes or elements in

the mesh collectors.

• You define plies on 2D elements or geometry. You can then

inflate the plies into solid elements.

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Laminate composites processes To model the following composite definition: Example

Ply-based process Zone-based process

• In a ply-based process, you need 1 laminate physical property and 3 global plies.

• In a zone-based process, you need 4 different laminate physical properties.

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Zone-based process

Step 1: Create your mesh using shell or solid elements.

Step 2: Set the material orientation.

Step 3: On the mesh collector, create a laminate physical property by:

• Creating plies and stacking them in order to achieve desired properties.

• Selecting or creating the materials best suited to your application

Step 4: Validate your laminate.

Step 5: (Optional) Optimize your laminate.

Step 6: (Optional ) Create zones.

Step 7: (Optional) Inflate your laminate.

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Ply-based process

Step 1: Create your mesh using shell elements.

Step 2: Set the material orientation.

Step 3: On the mesh collector, create a laminate physical property and set the stacking recipe to Inherited from layup.

Step 4: Create a global layup by:

• Creating plies and stacking them in order to achieve desired properties.

• Selecting or creating the materials best suited to your application

• Attaching the plies to the mesh or the geometry using Draping options

Step 5: Create zones.

Step 6: Validate your layup.

Step 7: (Optional) Inflate your layup.

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Managing laminates in NX

In NX, a laminate is a type of physical property.

• You can use the NX physical property management tools to create, copy, and

delete your laminates.

• Laminates are evaluated when they are queried by the exporters and when you

choose to do so (for example, computing zones).

• You can modify material properties after you define the laminate.

Caution Be careful when deleting materials. The laminates application does not lock materials nor provide warnings.

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Managing layups in NX

In NX, a global layup is a simulation navigator object that points to global plies.

• You can create, copy, modify, and delete layups.

• Layups are evaluated only when they are queried by the exporters and when

you update them.

• Layups can be active or inactive. Only active layups will be queried by the

Update Global Layups and Zones command or by the exporters.

• You can modify global plies and material properties after you define the layup.

Caution Be careful when deleting materials. The layup application does not lock materials nor provide warnings.

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Laminate glossary

Laminate

• Is composed of thin layers of material that are bonded together producing a

construction that has characteristics of each layer.

Ply

• Is a laminate layer that can be made of one or more materials.

• It is common for plies have orthotropic properties.

Core

• Is a special type of ply that is relatively thick and serves to separate plies in

order to enhance the laminate’s flexural properties.

Global Ply

• Is a ply to which you assign a unique ply ID.

• Typically used in ply-based modeling.

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Laminate glossary

Layup

• Is the order in which the plies are arranged, and the directions given to

the plies.

Global Layup

• Is a NXLC simulation navigator object that contains global plies.

Ply Material

• Is an NXLC object that combines fiber and matrix NX material properties

and computes the equivalent stiffness and strength properties.

Interlaminar Properties

• Also called the Bond properties of the laminate, referring to the ability of

the matrix to maintain the layers of fibers together

• Interlaminar stresses/strains are the transverse shear stresses/strains

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Coordinate systems for laminates

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X and Y axes correspond to the material orientation coordinate system, also called laminate coordinate system.

Z axis is normal to the laminate.

1 and 2 axes correspond to the ply coordinate system.

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Element, material, and ply coordinate systems

Element Coordinate System

• Is defined by the elements’ node locations, and the order in which the nodes are

assigned

Material Coordinate System (XY)

• Is used for orienting properties of anisotropic or orthotropic materials, such as

those of laminate composites.

• Also referred to as the laminate coordinate system

• Overrides the element coordinate system

• Depending on the solver, it is defined at the mesh level or at the mesh collector

level.

Ply Coordinate System (12)

• For an orientation angle of 0 degrees, the ply and material (laminate)

orientations are identical

• Has its 1 axis aligned with the ply’s (warp) fiber direction.

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Element and material orientation

Element orientation Material orientation,

Vertical direction

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Solution and post processing You can use Nastran, ANSYS, or Abaqus as the finite element solver. When you select results from your model in the Post Processing Navigator, you can view:

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2D shell stress resultants

Solid element forces

Ply strains, stresses and failure indices

For Nastran

• Interlaminar (bond) failure indices, ply and interlaminar (bond)

strength ratios

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Solution and post processing Using the advanced laminate post report metasolution, you can:

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Quickly identify critical areas using summaries.

Envelope ply results over plies and for multiple load cases:

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o

o

o

Ply stress and strain

Ply and bond failure index

Ply and bond margin of safety

Ply and bond strength ratio

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Sort and filter results in tabular format.

Recalculate ply results using modified laminate definitions without launching

a new solution.

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Review questions

1. Which laminate process lets you define the layups’ global plies and how they drape on different polygon faces or 2D meshes?

a.

b.

Ply-based process

Zone-based process

2. Which coordinate system is independent of the mesh and used for orienting orthotropic material properties?

a.

b.

c.

Element coordinate system

Ply coordinate system

Material coordinate system

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Answers to review questions

1. Which laminate process lets you define the layups’ global plies and how they drape on different polygon faces or 2D meshes?

a. b.

•

Ply-based process Zone-based process

a. Ply-based process lets you define the layups’ global plies and how they drape on different polygon faces or 2D meshes.

2. Which coordinate system is independent of the mesh and used for orienting orthotropic material properties?

a. b. c.

•

Element coordinate system Ply coordinate system Material coordinate system

c. The material coordinate system is independent of the mesh and used for orienting orthotropic material properties.

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NX Laminate Composites - oss.jishulink.comoss.jishulink.com/upload/201603/1459000308546_Lesson_1_Intro... · Siemens PLM Software NX Laminate Composites Core Capabilities... ... In