Nucleotides

Nucleotideso DNA very large molecule “polymer”o DNA made of repeating subunits called?o Nucleotideso Nucleotides have three parts

o Sugaro Phosphate groupo Nitrogenous base

o Simple sugar in DNA is called?o Deoxyriboseo Phosphate group – (sketch it p. 282)

o composed of 1 P (Phosphorous) surrounded by 4 O (oxygen)o Nitrogenous base – Carbon (C) that contains 1 or more N

(Nitrogen)

o What are the names of the 4 Nitrogenous Bases ?o Guanine (G)o Thymine (T)o Adenine (A)o Cytosine (C)

o Sketch each nitrogenous base (p. 282 /Honors p. 198)o Nucleotides join together to form long chains o Phosphate group – Deoxyribose (sugar) – Nitrogenous baseo Phosphorous & Deoxyribose form the “BACKBONE” of DNAo Nitrogenous bases stick out like teeth of a “zipper”o Adenine = Thymine “always”o Guanine = Cytosine “always”o Purines: Adenine & Guanine (double rings of carbon)o Pryimidines: Thymine & Cytosine (single ring of carbon)

Nucleotides

Nitrogen Bases &Nucleotides

o Use the textbook illustration (p. 282/ Honors p. 198)o The paper should be held horizontallyo Count & Collect the # of pentagons, hexagons, & elements needed to

make the nitrogen baseso BE sure to attach the elements (O, C, H, & P) to the correct position on

the compoundso Include the double bonds & make sure to put elements in the

appropriate positiono Glue the titles Purines & Prymidines on to your papero Classify the nitrogen bases in a group with either Purines & Prymidineso Make each of the nitrogen bases with your supplieso Glue the nitrogen base TITLES above each of the appropriate nitrogen

bases: adenine, guanine, thymine, & cytosineo Create a NUCLEOTIDE: illustrate a phosphate group & deoxyribose

(pentagon) & attach it to ONE of the NITROGEN BASES to the sugar (p.282 / 197)

o Label the phosphate, deoxyribose, & the nitrogen base in the nucleotide