Objectives 9/12/111. Practice with variables.2. Turn in Metric Lab.3. Discuss Lab Reports and Course Expectations.4. Literacy Strategies and notes for Unit 1 Review.

Bell Work:Wait until after Miss. Rossman speaks about the lab

papers and projects turned in so far – then write a reflection.H.W.

Memorize first set of flashcards – Quiz tmo.

Hand Back Labs, Etc.

Variable Review

• Complete assignment• Rating:– Appropriate (A), – Good Type of Funny (G), – May Offend Some People and Probably shouldn’t

be used (O)• Correct Assignment.

Writing Prompts.

Basic Review Concepts for BiologyChapters 1-4

This is review information that you MUST know by heart.We will spend two days on this.

You are required to review your notes each night with preparation for future tests and quizzes.

Biology

• The study of life– Bio = life– Ology = study of

Organism

• Anything that posses ALL of the characteristics of life.– Have an orderly structure– Produce offspring– Grow and Develop– Adjust to Changes in the

Environment

Organization

• Having an orderly structure (one of the characteristics of life)

Reproduction

• Production of Offspring – one of the characteristics of life.

Species

• A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring in nature.

Growth

• An increase in the amount of living material and the formation of new structures.

Development

• All of the changes that take place during the life of an organism.

Environment• Surroundings that include air, water, weather,

temperature, any other organisms in the area and many other factors.

Stimulus and Response• Stimulus – anything in an organisms external

or internal environment that causes that organism to react.

• Response – reaction to a stimulus– Also Called Taxis.• (+) taxis is movement towards a stimulus• (-) taxis is movement away from a stimulus.

Homeostasis

• Regulation of an organism’s internal environment to maintain conditions suitable for its survival.– Correct water and mineral amounts in their cells.– Proper internal temperature.

Energy

• The ability to cause change. Organisms get their energy from food. Plants make their own food where animals, fungi, and other organisms get their food from plants or organisms that consume plants.

Adaptation

• Any inherited structure, behavior, or internal process that enables an organism to respond to environmental factors and live to produce offspring.

Evolution

• The gradual change in a species through adaptations over time.

Scientific Method

• Scientific Method – The common steps that scientists use to gather information and answer questions.

Hypothesis –

• an explanation for a question or a problem that can be formally tested.

• If, Then, Because

Control –

• the part of an experiment that is the standard against which results are compared.

Independent variable –

• the condition in the experiment that is being tested.

Dependent variable –

• the results from the change of the independent variable.

Theory – • an explanation of a natural phenomenon that is supported

by a large body of scientific evidence obtained from many different investigations and observations. Results from continual verification and refinement of a hypothesis.

Law –

• Natural laws that are known to be true (such as the law of gravity).

Quantitative –

• data that is numerical (uses numbers, graphs, and tables).

Qualitative –

• data that is based purely on observation.

Technology –

• the application of scientific research to society’s needs and problems.

In Class Assignment

• Read pages 21-23 “Science and Society”– Summarize those 10 paragraphs into one paragraph

in your literacy book (10% Summary Section)

HOMEWORK: Read pages 6-10 in the biology book. Write notes and questions regarding the reading in the section of your literacy packet named “annotated text”.

Quiz on review vocabulary tomorrow.

Objectives 9/13/111. Turn in Literacy Book open to Annotated Text HW.2. Get into stations for todays activities

a. Vocabulary Stationb. Quiz Stationc. Project Station

Bell Work:Explain at least two developments where science has

helped society and at least one development where the application of science may have hurt society.

Block 4

Biosphere-

• The portion of Earth that supports living things.

Ecology-

• the study of interactions that take place between organisms and their environment.

Abiotic factors- • nonliving parts of an organisms environment.

Biotic factors- • living organisms that inhabit an environment.

Population- • a group of organisms, all of the same species,

which interbreed and live in the same area at the same time.

Biological community-

• interacting populations in a certain area at a certain time.

Ecosystem-

• interacting populations in a biological community and the community’s abiotic factors.

Start here

Habitat-

• the place where an organism lives out its life.

Niche-

• all the strategies and adaptations a species uses in its environment to meet its specific needs for food and shelter. Basically all its interactions with the biotic and abiotic parts of its habitat.

Symbiosis-

• a close and permanent association between organisms of different species.

Mutualism-

• a symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit.

Commensalism-

• a symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor benefited.

Parasitism-

• a symbiotic relationship in which a member of one species benefits at the expense of another.

Autotrophs-

• organisms that use light or chemical energy to make food.

Producer-

• any type of autotroph (making food for itself).

Heterotroph-

• organisms that cannot make their own food and feeds on other organisms.

Consumers-

• any type of heretrotroph. A heterotroph eating a plant would be a first order consumer while a heterotroph eating a heterotroph that ate a plant would be a second order consumer.

Decomposer-

• organisms that break down and release nutrients from dead organisms.

Food Chain-

• a simple model that scientists use to how how matter and energy move through an ecosystem.

Trophic Level-

• a feeding step.

Food web-

• a model that shows all the possible feeding relationships at each trophic level in a community.

Pyramid of Energy-

• shows how energy is lost at each trophic level leaving only 10% of the original energy at each step.

Pyramid of Numbers-

• shows how the number of organisms decreases as you move up the pyramid of numbers.

Pyramid of Biomass-

• shows how the biomass of organisms decreases as you move up the pyramid.

Biomass-

• the total weight of living matter at each trophic level.

Water Cycle-

• Cycle of evaporation, condensation, precipitation, transpiration, and runoff of water in an ecosystem.

Carbon cycle- • The cycle of the

element responsible for the framework of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and other important molecules (the molecule of life) in an ecosystem.

Nitrogen Cycle-

• the cycle of nitrogen, as assisted by bacteria, through the ecosystem.

Phosphorus Cycle-

• the cycle of phosphorus, after being trapped in rock, through an ecosystem.

Limiting factor-

• any biotic or abiotic factor that restricts the existence, numbers, reproduction, or distribution of organisms.

Range of tolerance- • the ability of an organism to withstand

fluctuations in biotic and abiotic environmental factors.

Zone of Intolerance-

• the range of tolerance that kills the organism.

Zone of Physiologic Stress- • The range of tolerance that limits the ability of

organisms to live causing organisms to become infrequent.

Optimum Range-

• the range of tolerance that is perfect allowing the greatest amount of organisms.

Succession- • The orderly, natural changes and species

replacement that take place in the communities of an ecosystem.

Primary Succession-

• the colonization of barren land by communities of organisms beginning with pioneer species such as lichens.

Secondary Succession-

• succession that occurs after an existing community is severely disrupted in some way (such as a natural disaster occurance).

Climax community-

• a stable, mature community that undergoes little or no change in species.

Biome-

• large group of ecosystems that share the same type of climax community.

Photic Zone vs. Aphotic Zone

• Photic Zone- area where sunlight can penetrate in an aquatic biome.

• Aphotic zone- area where no sunlight penetrates in an aquatic biome.

Estuary-

• a coastal body of water, partially surrounded by land, where freshwater and saltwater mix.

Intertidal zone-

• the portion of the shoreline that lies between the high and low tide.

Plankton-

• small organisms that drift and float in the waters of the photic zone and form the base of nearly all aquatic food chains.

Tundra-

• a treeless land with long summer days and short periods of winter sunlight. High latitude with permafrost. Only shallow rooted grasses and other small plants.

Taiga-

• May also be called the coniferous forest. Somewhat warmer and dryer than the Tundra. Usually lacks permafrost.

Desert-

• an arid region with sparse to almost nonexistent plant life. Rainfall is the major limiting factor.

Grassland-

• large communities covered with rich soil, grasses, and similar plants. Insufficient water to support forests.

Temperate Forest-

• also called deciduous forests, are dominated by broad leaved hardwood trees that lose their foliage annually as the temperature changes.

Rainforest-

• warm temperature with wet weather. TONS of biodiversity.