Introduction to the course

The History of Medicine

Prof. Mamoun KremliAlMaarefa College

Objectives Course outline

Objectives Methods of teaching Marks

Course assignments

References

Course outline The history of medicine is given as

part of the course: FRNS (2 credit hours)

Marks: Forensic Medicine: 50% (MCQs on lectures) History of Medicine: 50% (Student’s

presentation)

Course Objectives Have an overview of the history of

medicine Ancient diseases and treatment methods

Understand the major developments of medicine in different civilizations The importance How they were achieved

Help in choosing a subject for further study and assignment

Methods of teaching Introductory lectures by teacher

Discussions / tutorial sessions

Assignments / Presentations by students Marks given on:

Contents, efforts, and comprehension (80%) Presentation (20)%

Assignments Each student (or group of not more

than 5) should prepare a study related to the history of medicine and present it in front of the class (50 marks) Content and Presentation References and sources must be always

mentioned

Topics: (list provided) A historical view, an inventor, an invention, a

disease, an event, …. etc.

Topics for Assignments

Civilizations

Disciplines

Persons

Inventions, techniques, discoveries

Instruments

Diseases

Related subjects

Civilizations & Medicine

Arabic / Muslim Medicine

Chinese Medicine

Egyptian Medicine

Greek Medicine

Native American Medicine

Old Indian Medicine

Roman Medicine

Prehistoric Medicine

Medicine in the Middle Ages

Eastern Medicine

Nobel prize winners in Medicine

Disciplines in Medicine

History of herbalism

History of hospitals

History of medicine Canada, USA, UK, Europe,

History of nursing

History of pathology

History of pharmacy

History of surgery

History of Virology

History of Microbiology

History of Epidemiology

History of Nursing

History of Psychiatry (Medicine of the mind)

Thomas Clifford Allbutt History of medicine[134]

Timeline of nursing history

Timeline of medicine and medical technology

Milestones in history of medicine

Major developments in medicine

Men of MedicinePeriod Name Discovery –

Famous for

Hippocrates Father of Medicine

Galen

850- Rhazes الرازي

Ali Ben el-Abbas بن عليالعباس

Albucasis Zahrawi القاسم آبوالزهراوي

980-1037 Avicenna سينا ابن

Ibn Nafis النفيس ابن

AVENZOAR / Ibn-Zohr ابنزهر

Averroës (Ibn Rushd) ابنرشد

1188 – 1248

Ibn al-Baitar البيطار ابن

Men of MedicinePeriod Name Discovery – Famous

for

1493-1541

Parcelsus

1514-1564

Andreas Versalius

1510-1590

Ambroise Pare

1578-1657

William Harvey

1632-1723

Antoni van Leeuwenhoek

1716-1794 James Lind Scurvy cured by Vit C

1749-1823 Edward Jenner

1778-1829 Sir Humphrey Davy Nitrous Oxide anesthesia

1811-1870 Sir James Young Simpson

Chloroform anesthesia

1819-1868 William Thomas Green Glass inhaler - Ether

1802-1887 JEAN boussingault Iodine cures goiter

Men of MedicinePeriod Name Discovery – Famous

for

1813-1858§

John Snow Father of public health

1858-1930

Christian Ejikman Beriberi cured by brown rice

1816 Rene - Theophile - Hyacinthe

The stethoscope

Ignaz Phillipp Semmelweiss

Childbed fever spread by doctors

1827-1912

Joseph Lister Aseptic surgery

Robert Koch Bacteria caused disease

1822-1895

Louis Pasteur Bacteriology / Vaccination / Pasteurization

1881-1955

Alexander Fleming Penicillin

1904-1950

Richard Drew Blood transfusion / banks

1922-2001

Christian Barnard First heart transplant 1967

Men of MedicinePeriod Name Discovery – Famous

for

James Watson / Francis Crick

Discovered DNA

William Kolf Artificial Kidney machine

Wilheim Rontgen X-ray in 1895

Techniques, Procedures,

Inventions Abortion

Acupuncture

African traditional Medicine

Alchemy

Ambulance

Amniocentesis

Amputation

Amulets and talismans

Anesthesia

Angioplasty

Animal/human transplants

Antibiotics

Antidepressants

Antimalarial drugs

Artificial eye

Aspirin

Autopsy

Ayurveda

Techniques, Procedures,

Inventions BCG vaccine

Biopsy

Blood Groups and transfusion

Blood pressure

Bloodletting

Bone setters

Breast implant

Breathalyzer

Burns – treatment skin graft

Cancer / anti-cancer

Chemotherapy

Chloroform

Clinical trials

Contact lens

Corneal transplant

Cortisone

CT / CAT scan

Cupping

Techniques, Procedures,

Inventions Defibrillator

Diet

Dissection

DNA structure

ECG

EEG

Electroconvulsive Therapy

Electrotherapy

Electron microscopy

Endoscope

Genetic testing

Genes and human genome

Germs and germ theory

Gloves, gowns

Techniques, Procedures,

Inventions Hearing aid

Heart-Lung Machine

HeLa Cells

Herbal medicine

Hippocratic medicine

Hippocratic oath

Homeopathy

Hormones

Hospitals

Hydrotherapy

Hygiene

Hygienic products

Hypodermic syringe

Incubators

Techniques, Procedures,

Inventions Intravenous infusion

In-Vetro Fertilization (IVF)

Informed consent

Inhalers

inoculation

Insecticides

Insulin

Intrauterine device IUD

Iron lung (Respirators)

Kampo (Japanese medicine)

Kidney dialysis

Kidney transplant

Laser in medicine

Leech therapy

Techniques, Procedures,

Inventions Liver transplant

Lung transplant - Magic bullets

Massage

Meat inspection

Mechanical ventilators

Medical education

Miasma theory

Microscope

Military hospitals

MRI

Neurosurgery

Nuremburg code and trials

Nursing

Ophthalmoscope

Techniques, Procedures,

Inventions Oral contraceptive pill

Ophthalmoscope

Orthopedic surgery

Osteopathy

Pacemaker

Palpation

Patients' records

PCR

Percussion and palpation

Plaster of Paris

Penicillin

PET scan

Physiotherapy

Pregnancy tests

Techniques, Procedures,

Inventions Pulse measurement

Randomized controlled trials

Radio-isotope scan

Renal Dialysis

Rhinoplasty

Robotic surgery

Sterilization

Speculum

Stem cells

Stethoscope

Surgical instruments

Surgery

Thermometer

Thermal ablation

Techniques, Procedures,

Inventions Tissue culture

Traditional medicine

Trephination

Triage

Ultrasound

Scurvy

Syphilis

Vaccination

Vivisection

War surgery

Wet-nursing and milk banks

wheelchair

Wu Xing

X-rays

Yin and Yang

العربي التجبير

الشعبي الطب

History of Diseases AIDAS

Allergy

Alzheimer’s disease

Appendectomy

ARDS

Asthma

Bladder stone Beriberi

Botulism

Brain surgery

Carcinogens

Cataract

Cholera

Cochlear implant

Corona virus

Diabetes

History of Diseases Diphtheria

DVT

Ebola

Epilepsy

Food poisoning

Gallstones

Gangrene

Goiter

Gout

Hearing aid

Heart valve replacement

Heart failure

Heat stroke

Hepatitis

Hernia

History of Diseases Herpes

Hypertension

Internal fixation of fractures

Jaundice

Joint replacement

Kyphosis

Leprosy

Malaria

MERS (Corona)

Meningitis

MRSA

Open heart surgery

Plague

Pleurisy

History of Diseases Poliomyelitis

Puerperal fever

Rabies

Rickets

Surgery

Swine flue (H1N1)

Tetanus

Thyroid disease

Tonsillectomy

Trachoma

Tuberculosis

Thalidomide

Typhus

Urethral stones and strictures

Top achievements in medicine?

http://science.discovery.com/convergence/100discoveries/big100/medicine.html

http://www.healthfiend.com/weeklytop/top-10-greatest-medical-discoveries-of-all-time/

Other References http://www.kaahe.org/health/ar/

class/173-- - المسلمين- األطباء أعالمhtml.والعرب

http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2012/10/05/health/digital-doctor.html?ref=thedigitaldoctor&_r=0#/#time15_375

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_medicine_and_medical_technology Detailed timeline from 2600 BC to 2013 AC

http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/history_of_medicine.htm

References Books

Journals

The web